come combattere lo spam in un ambiente exchange server 2003: tecniche e metodi 11 novembre 2005 -...
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Come combattere lo SPAM in un Come combattere lo SPAM in un ambiente Exchange Server ambiente Exchange Server
2003: tecniche e metodi2003: tecniche e metodi
11 novembre 2005 - 10:3011 novembre 2005 - 10:30
Alessandro AppianiAlessandro AppianiMCT MCSE (2000 NT 4.0 NT 3.5)MCT MCSE (2000 NT 4.0 NT 3.5)
AgendaAgenda
Spam: come affrontare il problema in Spam: come affrontare il problema in aziendaazienda
Exchange Server 2003 Anti-SpamExchange Server 2003 Anti-Spam mail filtering e ambiti di azionemail filtering e ambiti di azione Intelligent Message Filter & Outlook Intelligent Message Filter & Outlook
integrationintegration VSAPI e integrazione con sistemi Anti-VirusVSAPI e integrazione con sistemi Anti-Virus
Per concluderePer concludere Exchange Server 2003 Service Pack 2 newsExchange Server 2003 Service Pack 2 news Message Hygiene @ MicrosoftMessage Hygiene @ Microsoft Best PracticeBest Practice
Spam worldSpam world
I messaggi indesiderati sono il problema I messaggi indesiderati sono il problema numero 1 del mondo e-mailnumero 1 del mondo e-mail Sono un rischio per security, privacy, availabilitySono un rischio per security, privacy, availability
Phisher scams, ID and information theftPhisher scams, ID and information theft Spoofing detected in 95% of phishing Spoofing detected in 95% of phishing
attacksattacks Unauthorized relayUnauthorized relay Spam rappresenta più del 60% del traffico e-mailSpam rappresenta più del 60% del traffico e-mail
Hotmail blocca più di 3 miliardi di Hotmail blocca più di 3 miliardi di messaggi al giornomessaggi al giorno
Virus, Spyware, TrojanVirus, Spyware, Trojan
Fare Spam costa poco, genera alti profitti, può Fare Spam costa poco, genera alti profitti, può essere fatto in modo anonimoessere fatto in modo anonimo è difficile bloccare alla fonte spammer e phisherè difficile bloccare alla fonte spammer e phisher
Critical Critical Legitimate Legitimate
MailMail
Less Critical Less Critical Legitimate Legitimate
MailMail
Legitimate Legitimate Commercial Commercial
MailMail
Business and Personal mailBusiness and Personal mail Easily classified at gatewayEasily classified at gateway
SubscriptionsSubscriptions ListservsListservs
Mail from company with a Mail from company with a pre-existing business relationshippre-existing business relationship
Unsolicited promotional messages, Unsolicited promotional messages, phishing, scamsphishing, scamsSpamSpam
Viruses, malware, spywareViruses, malware, spyware Easily classified at gatewayEasily classified at gateway
DestructiveDestructive
Message ClassificationMessage Classification
* External communication only, all internal communication is assumed to be legitimate
Enterprise Requirements per Enterprise Requirements per Anti-SpamAnti-Spam
Evitare i falsi positiviEvitare i falsi positivi Bloccare quanto più possibile a livello di Bloccare quanto più possibile a livello di
gatewaygateway Trasparente per gli utenti (non se ne Trasparente per gli utenti (non se ne
accorgono)accorgono) Minimizza l’impatto dello spam sulla banda e Minimizza l’impatto dello spam sulla banda e
sulle risorse di sistema (anche client)sulle risorse di sistema (anche client) AmministrazioneAmministrazione
Soluzioni completeSoluzioni complete Facili da gestireFacili da gestire Ottimizzare il compromesso tra controllo Ottimizzare il compromesso tra controllo
aziendale e scelte utente aziendale e scelte utente
Come combattere lo spamCome combattere lo spam
Cosa analizzareCosa analizzare
La struttura di un messaggioLa struttura di un messaggio Da dove proviene (Connection)Da dove proviene (Connection) Da chi arriva (Sender)Da chi arriva (Sender) A chi è destinato (Recipient)A chi è destinato (Recipient) Di cosa tratta (Content)Di cosa tratta (Content)
La struttura del messaggio viene gestita La struttura del messaggio viene gestita direttamente da singole funzionalità di direttamente da singole funzionalità di sicurezza di exchangesicurezza di exchange
analizzando il messaggio possiamo analizzando il messaggio possiamo decidere cosa farne (accept / reject)decidere cosa farne (accept / reject)
Exchange FilteringExchange Filtering Da dove proviene: Da dove proviene: Connection filtering (IP)Connection filtering (IP)
Global allow and deny listsGlobal allow and deny lists DNS Block Lists (RBL)DNS Block Lists (RBL)
Da chi arriva: Da chi arriva: Sender filteringSender filtering Filter messages sent from particular e-mail addresses or Filter messages sent from particular e-mail addresses or
domainsdomains Internal spoof detectionInternal spoof detection
A chi è destinato: A chi è destinato: Recipient filteringRecipient filtering Block messages to non-existent recipients or specific e-mail Block messages to non-existent recipients or specific e-mail
recipients recipients Restricted DLsRestricted DLs
Di cosa tratta: Di cosa tratta: Content filteringContent filtering SmartScreenSmartScreen Intelligent Message Filter (IMF)Intelligent Message Filter (IMF)
Message taxonomy mapped to Exchange FeaturesMessage taxonomy mapped to Exchange Features
Da dove proviene: Connection Da dove proviene: Connection FilteringFilteringListe globali “Allow / Deny”Liste globali “Allow / Deny”
Specifici IP o subnetSpecifici IP o subnet ““Deny” by designDeny” by design
Supporto ad abbonamento a Supporto ad abbonamento a servizi esterni “real-time block servizi esterni “real-time block list (RBL)”list (RBL)” Es: Mail from 62.190.247.12Es: Mail from 62.190.247.12
12.247.190.62.bad.bl.org12.247.190.62.bad.bl.org Supporto per diversi fornitori Supporto per diversi fornitori
RBL (3 o 4 ideale)RBL (3 o 4 ideale) NDR personalizzabile per NDR personalizzabile per
ogni fornitoreogni fornitore Possibilità di sovrascrittura Possibilità di sovrascrittura
del filtro (exception by E-del filtro (exception by E-mail address)mail address)
Connection Filtering Demo
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Da chi proviene: Sender filteringDa chi proviene: Sender filtering
Filtro di messaggi spediti da un indirizzo Filtro di messaggi spediti da un indirizzo e-mail o dominio smtpe-mail o dominio smtp
Filtro di messaggi senza mittenteFiltro di messaggi senza mittente Può eventualmente droppare la Può eventualmente droppare la
connessioneconnessione
Sender Filtering Demo
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A chi è destinato: Recipient A chi è destinato: Recipient FilteringFiltering Filtro di messaggi spediti a destinatari non Filtro di messaggi spediti a destinatari non
esistentiesistenti nessuna NDR (protocol level)nessuna NDR (protocol level) verifica in tempo reale in Active Directoryverifica in tempo reale in Active Directory
Filtro di messaggi spediti a specifici indirizziFiltro di messaggi spediti a specifici indirizzi Restricted Distribution ListRestricted Distribution List
Solo utenti autenticati possono usarle per inviare Solo utenti autenticati possono usarle per inviare mailmail
si possono differenziare DL interne e pubblichesi possono differenziare DL interne e pubbliche
In aggiunta all’Address Filtering sul client – In aggiunta all’Address Filtering sul client – Safe/Block listSafe/Block list
Recipient FilteringRecipient Filtering
Recipient FilteringRecipient Filtering
Recipient FilteringRecipient Filtering Distribution List securityDistribution List security
Recipient Filtering Demo
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Antispam: Microsoft Exchange Antispam: Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Message FilterIntelligent Message Filter Basato sulla tecnologia SmartScreenBasato sulla tecnologia SmartScreen
presente in Outlook2003presente in Outlook2003 utilizzata da Hotmail dal 24 Febbraio 2004utilizzata da Hotmail dal 24 Febbraio 2004 integrata con l’infrastruttura SCL ( Spam integrata con l’infrastruttura SCL ( Spam
Confidence Level )Confidence Level )
E’ un’estensione (gratuita) di Exchange E’ un’estensione (gratuita) di Exchange 2003 Server SP1 (è Built-in in SP2)2003 Server SP1 (è Built-in in SP2)
Coesistenza con le soluzioni di 3° partiCoesistenza con le soluzioni di 3° parti
Exchange Anti-Spam FilteringExchange Anti-Spam Filteringcaratteristichecaratteristiche
E’ un componente di Front-End (no E’ un componente di Front-End (no cluster setup)cluster setup)
AggiornabileAggiornabile Non filtra messaggi da connessioni Non filtra messaggi da connessioni
autenticate e accettateautenticate e accettate evita i falsi positivi su mail interne o trustedevita i falsi positivi su mail interne o trusted
Documentato in Exchange SDKDocumentato in Exchange SDK http://msdn.microsoft.com/exchange http://msdn.microsoft.com/exchange
Introduce nuove proprietà del messaggio Introduce nuove proprietà del messaggio (fields) per associare ad ogni messaggio (fields) per associare ad ogni messaggio informazioni specifiche sullo spaminformazioni specifiche sullo spam
Spam Confidence Level (SCL)Spam Confidence Level (SCL)
La probabilità che il messaggio sia La probabilità che il messaggio sia Unsolicited Commercial E-mail (UCE) o Unsolicited Commercial E-mail (UCE) o junk e-mailjunk e-mail
E’ un numero da 0 (no spam) a 9 (spam E’ un numero da 0 (no spam) a 9 (spam sicuro)sicuro)
E’ memorizzato nel database insieme al E’ memorizzato nel database insieme al messaggio (tag property) e con esso messaggio (tag property) e con esso persiste (routing, inbox, ...)persiste (routing, inbox, ...)
Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Message FilterMessage Filter
Si amministra con Si amministra con Exchange System ManagerExchange System Manager
Basato su soglieBasato su soglie Gateway SCL thresholdGateway SCL threshold
Reject, delete, archive,Reject, delete, archive,and no actionand no action
Store SCL thresholdStore SCL threshold
Built-in performance counters Built-in performance counters MOM management pack extensionMOM management pack extension Comprehensive deployment guideComprehensive deployment guide
How it worksHow it works (Server & Client settings) (Server & Client settings)
Intelligent Message FilterIntelligent Message Filter basic configurationbasic configuration Customizing Intelligent Message Filter (deployment Customizing Intelligent Message Filter (deployment
guide – capitolo 6)guide – capitolo 6)
IMF Demo
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Outlook & OWA Client FeaturesOutlook & OWA Client Features
Web/Spam Beacon blockingBlocca contenuti HTML potenzialmente pericolosi
Outlook2003 & OWA2003 Outlook2003 & OWA2003 EnhancementsEnhancements
User specified Safe & Blocked Senders listsUser specified Safe & Blocked Senders lists Safe Senders, Safe Recipients, Blocked SendersSafe Senders, Safe Recipients, Blocked Senders Possono includere Contatti e GALPossono includere Contatti e GAL Supporta anche la modalità Safe Senders OnlySupporta anche la modalità Safe Senders Only
User Lists CONDIVISE da Outlook 2003, Exchange 2003 ed User Lists CONDIVISE da Outlook 2003, Exchange 2003 ed OWAOWA memorizzate sul server (mbx store) memorizzate sul server (mbx store) richiede Outlook 2003 per la configurazione richiede Outlook 2003 per la configurazione
Spostamenti in junk-folder determinati da:Spostamenti in junk-folder determinati da: Exchange 2003 Mailbox Store based on user lists Exchange 2003 Mailbox Store based on user lists Per message SCLPer message SCL Client Side based on Microsoft SmartScreen TechnologyClient Side based on Microsoft SmartScreen Technology
Block all external content by default (Web beacons)Block all external content by default (Web beacons)
Il client OutlookIl client OutlookPosta indesiderataPosta indesiderata
Outlook 2003 security (Smartscreen, ...)Outlook 2003 security (Smartscreen, ...) Client settings (junk-mail, ...)Client settings (junk-mail, ...)
Outlook Web Access Demo
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Come combattere i virusCome combattere i virus
Enterprise Requirements for Enterprise Requirements for AntivirusAntivirus Sono necessarie difese adeguateSono necessarie difese adeguate Trattamento differenziato di messaggi Trattamento differenziato di messaggi
inbound e outboundinbound e outbound Non solo AV scanningNon solo AV scanning
Attachment management is keyAttachment management is key Directory lookups before scanningDirectory lookups before scanning Security notificationsSecurity notifications Message purging versus cleaningMessage purging versus cleaning Metrics and reportingMetrics and reporting
Anti-Virus ProtectionAnti-Virus Protection In Exchange Server 2003 è presente una In Exchange Server 2003 è presente una
API specifica per la gestione dei Virus API specifica per la gestione dei Virus (Virus Scanning API 2.5)(Virus Scanning API 2.5)
Previene la possibilità che i virus arrivino Previene la possibilità che i virus arrivino in Outlookin Outlook Come per lo SPAM a maggior ragione per Come per lo SPAM a maggior ragione per
i virus il blocco deve essere il più i virus il blocco deve essere il più possibile lato serverpossibile lato server
Blocca allegati potenzialmente pericolosiBlocca allegati potenzialmente pericolosi Gateway scanning (non-mailbox server)Gateway scanning (non-mailbox server) Cancella messaggi infettatiCancella messaggi infettati
How to Fight VirusesHow to Fight Viruses
VSAPI 2.5 exposed at the Exchange transport VSAPI 2.5 exposed at the Exchange transport level (gateway)level (gateway) Inbound message arrives at gateway using SMTPInbound message arrives at gateway using SMTP Transport event sink hands message to VSAPI queueTransport event sink hands message to VSAPI queue VSAPI removes message from queue and passes to VSAPI removes message from queue and passes to
scannerscanner
Additional message properties are exposed to Additional message properties are exposed to the scannerthe scanner For example, sender and recipient addresses can be used For example, sender and recipient addresses can be used
in notificationsin notifications
Message deletion is possibleMessage deletion is possible Allows an antivirus solution to implement message purge Allows an antivirus solution to implement message purge
featurefeature
Exchange Server 2003 Antivirus Exchange Server 2003 Antivirus FeaturesFeatures VSAPI 2.5VSAPI 2.5
Backward compatible with VSAPI 2.0Backward compatible with VSAPI 2.0 Optional infected message deletionOptional infected message deletion Additional message propertiesAdditional message properties
Sender e-mail addressSender e-mail address Recipient addresses (To: and Cc:)Recipient addresses (To: and Cc:)
Additional MAPI error codesAdditional MAPI error codes Virus presentVirus present Virus present, message deletedVirus present, message deleted
Exchange Server 2003 Exchange Server 2003 Service Pack 2Service Pack 2
newsnews
Exchange Server 2003 SP2 Anti-Exchange Server 2003 SP2 Anti-Spam FeaturesSpam Features Updated SmartScreen TechnologyUpdated SmartScreen Technology Anti Phishing TechnologyAnti Phishing Technology Sender ID Framework (SIDF) SupportSender ID Framework (SIDF) Support
Updated SmartScreen Updated SmartScreen TechnologyTechnology Integrated Intelligent Message FilterIntegrated Intelligent Message Filter
Latest Filter UpdatesLatest Filter Updates User Interface updates to Exchange System User Interface updates to Exchange System
Manager – Junk E-Mail FilteringManager – Junk E-Mail Filtering Added Anti Phishing TechnologyAdded Anti Phishing Technology
Anti Phishing TechnologyAnti Phishing Technology
Integrated into SmartScreen Integrated into SmartScreen TechnologyTechnology Transparent to administrators and end-Transparent to administrators and end-
users users Phishing Confidence Level (PCL)Phishing Confidence Level (PCL)
Weighted 1-8 (higher = more likely bad)Weighted 1-8 (higher = more likely bad)
Sender ID Framework (SIDF)Sender ID Framework (SIDF) Industry standard created to counter Industry standard created to counter
domain spoofingdomain spoofing SIDF has been reviewed and submitted to the SIDF has been reviewed and submitted to the
Internet Engineering Task Force for final Internet Engineering Task Force for final reviewreview
Combines Sender Policy Framework and Combines Sender Policy Framework and Microsoft Caller ID for EmailMicrosoft Caller ID for Email
Email domain authentication framework Email domain authentication framework that uses Sender Policy Framework (SPF) that uses Sender Policy Framework (SPF) records in DNS as an authentication records in DNS as an authentication mechanismmechanism
Message Hygiene @ Message Hygiene @ MicrosoftMicrosoft
Anti-SpamAnti-SpamAntivirus and Antivirus and AttachmentsAttachments Mailbox Mailbox
serversserversClientsClients
Message Hygiene at MicrosoftMessage Hygiene at Microsoft
Gateway ServerGateway ServerTransportTransport
SCL=GatewaySCL=GatewayThreshold?Threshold?
Exchange IMFExchange IMF
Sender/RecipientSender/RecipientFilteringFiltering
Filter ActionFilter Action
Connection FilteringConnection FilteringRBLsRBLs
NoNo
YesYes
Gateway ServerGateway ServerTransportTransport
Attachment StrippingAttachment Stripping
Virus ScanningVirus Scanning
SCLSCL
Mailbox ServerMailbox ServerStoreStore
SCL StoreSCL StoreThresholdThreshold
User Safe/User Safe/BlockedBlockedSendersSenders
Spam?Spam?
JunkmailJunkmail InboxInbox
YesYes NoNoSCLSCL
Outlook 2003 &Outlook 2003 &Outlook Web Outlook Web
AccessAccess
Desktop Anti-VirusDesktop Anti-Virus
Attachment blockingAttachment blocking
User Safe/BlockedUser Safe/BlockedSendersSenders
Spam?Spam?
JunkmailJunkmailInboxInbox
InternetInternet
Message Hygiene at MicrosoftMessage Hygiene at Microsoft
Outlook 2003 andOutlook 2003 andOutlook Web AccessOutlook Web Accessjunk e-mailjunk e-mail
Connection Connection filteringfiltering
Sender and Sender and recipient filteringrecipient filtering
Intelligent Intelligent Message Message FilterFilter
Blocks of all Blocks of all incoming SMTP incoming SMTP
connections connections
Blocks of Blocks of remaining messagesremaining messages
Blocks of Blocks of remaining messagesremaining messages
Blocks of remaining Blocks of remaining messagesmessages
Best PracticeBest Practice
Best Practice - 1Best Practice - 1
Connection FilteringConnection Filtering Abilitare Accept/Deny IP al gateway (e se Abilitare Accept/Deny IP al gateway (e se
possibile anche RBL)possibile anche RBL) le liste IP restrictions possono essere le liste IP restrictions possono essere
modificate da codice (modificate da codice (KBKB 810913) 810913) Recipient FilteringRecipient Filtering
Recipient Lookup al GatewayRecipient Lookup al Gateway Abilitare ricerca in ADAbilitare ricerca in AD
Restricted DLRestricted DL solo quando tutti i membri sono internisolo quando tutti i membri sono interni attenzione all’uso da parte di applicazioni attenzione all’uso da parte di applicazioni
(autenticazione o no)(autenticazione o no)
Best Practice – 2 (IMF)Best Practice – 2 (IMF) In realtà Multi-ForestIn realtà Multi-Forest
abilitare l’autenticazione (cross-forest) sui abilitare l’autenticazione (cross-forest) sui connettori SMTPconnettori SMTP
in questo modo vengono mantenute le info in questo modo vengono mantenute le info su SCL Tagging & c.su SCL Tagging & c.
non abilitabile su Exchange 2003 Cluster non abilitabile su Exchange 2003 Cluster (è un tipico servizio di Front-End)(è un tipico servizio di Front-End)
iniziare “laschi” per evitare falsi positiviiniziare “laschi” per evitare falsi positivi Configurare Outlook 2003 Trusted Configurare Outlook 2003 Trusted
Senders (& Junk setting) via CIWSenders (& Junk setting) via CIW
Best Practice – 3 (IMF)Best Practice – 3 (IMF)
Reject vs ArchiveReject vs Archive controllare la cartellacontrollare la cartella location modificabile (registry)location modificabile (registry) può contenere anche SCL (registry)può contenere anche SCL (registry)
controllabile con Performance Monitorcontrollabile con Performance Monitor Total Messages Scanned for UCETotal Messages Scanned for UCE Messages Scanned for UCE/secMessages Scanned for UCE/sec % UCE out of Total Messages Scanned% UCE out of Total Messages Scanned Total Messages Assigned an SCL Rating of Total Messages Assigned an SCL Rating of XX ........
Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Message Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Message Filter Deployment GuideFilter Deployment Guide
IMF Archive ManagerIMF Archive Manager
IMF Archive Manager Demo
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Riferimenti e risorseRiferimenti e risorse
IMF Archive Manager (C# tool released with IMF Archive Manager (C# tool released with source on GotDotNet)source on GotDotNet)http://workspaces.gotdotnet.com/imfarchivehttp://workspaces.gotdotnet.com/imfarchive
Microsoft Safety Microsoft Safety Technology and Strategywww.microsoft.com/mscorp/safety/default.mspx
Security Resources Security Resources http://www.microsoft.com/technet/securityhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/security
Sender ID:http://www.microsoft.com/senderid
Riferimenti e risorse (Exchange)Riferimenti e risorse (Exchange)Exchange HomeExchange Homehttp://www.microsoft.com/exchangehttp://www.microsoft.com/exchange
Exchange Italy HomeExchange Italy Homehttp://www.microsoft.com/italy/exchangehttp://www.microsoft.com/italy/exchange
Exchange Server TechCenterExchange Server TechCenterhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/exchange/default.mspxhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/exchange/default.mspx
Exchange Server 2003 Technical Documentation LibraryExchange Server 2003 Technical Documentation Libraryhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/exchange/2003/library/default.mspxhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/exchange/2003/library/default.mspx
Exchange Developer Documentation on MSDNExchange Developer Documentation on MSDNhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/exchangehttp://msdn.microsoft.com/exchange
Exchange Server 2003 Errors and Events Web SiteExchange Server 2003 Errors and Events Web Sitehttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/support/ee/search.aspx?LCID=1033&DisplayNahttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/support/ee/search.aspx?LCID=1033&DisplayName=Exchange%20Server%202003&ProdName=Microsoft%20Exchange&MajorMinome=Exchange%20Server%202003&ProdName=Microsoft%20Exchange&MajorMinor=6.5r=6.5
Exchange Support CenterExchange Support Centerhttp://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=fh;EN-US;exchangehttp://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=fh;EN-US;exchange
Exchange DownloadsExchange Downloadshttp://www.microsoft.com/exchange/downloads/http://www.microsoft.com/exchange/downloads/
Exchange Server Community CenterExchange Server Community Centerhttp://www.microsoft.com/Exchange/community/default.mspxhttp://www.microsoft.com/Exchange/community/default.mspx
Domande?Domande?
Feedback
https://msevents-eu.microsoft.com/cui/WelcomePage.aspx?EventID=118764263&culture=it-IT
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© 2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary.