Benefiting government, industry and

the public through innovative science

and technology

Commissioning MMS3/7/16

Paul Wood (SwRI), Cheryl Gramling (NASA), John Stone (SwRI), Patrick Smith (LASP), and Jennifer Reiter (LASP)

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20160003313 2018-09-16T10:09:35+00:00Z

Agenda

MMS Overview

Diversity as a Problem

Solutions for MMS Commissioning

Results

Lessons Learned

3/7/16 1

Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Overview

Investigate magnetic

reconnection in boundary layer of Earth’s magnetosphere

Examine magnetic and electric

fields, 3D particle distribution functions, and plasma waves

Four spin stabilized

observatories in 10 to 400 km tetrahedral spacing

Two orbit phases: 1.2x12 Re and

1.2x25 Re

3/7/16 2MMS Commissioning

Magnetospheric MultiscaleObservatory Overview

3/7/16 3

Instrument Deck Spacecraft DeckNov. 18 - 21, 2014 MMS FOR/ORR Section 4 – 16

+X-X

-Y

+Y

RF

xnpdr

1

23

4

5

67

8

PSEES

Battery

C&DH

Star

Sensors

Mag boom

(stowed)

DFG

DPU

Mag boom

(stowed)

SCM & AFG

S-Band Antenna

FEEPS

SCM

Pre-Amp

Navigator

USO

DSS

Spacecraft Deck Components

- 1 IS instrument - 6 thrusters

- 1 IS electronics box - optical bench

- 4 SC electronics boxes - T-0 panel

-8 GPS antennas & LNA - fill/drain valves

(on struts)

Spacecraft Deck Components

• Accelerometers

• AFG - Analog Flux Gate Magnetometer (mounted on boom)

• Battery

• C&DH – Command & Data Handling

• DFG - Digital Flux Gate Magnetometer (mounted on boom)

• DPU - Digital Processing Unit (star sensor

• DSS – Digital Sun Sensor

• FEEPS - Fly’s Eye Energetic Particle Sensors

• Magnetometer booms

• Navigator (GPS)

• PSEES – PSE/EVD – Power Subsystem Electronics/Engine Valve Driver

• RF Components/Transponder

• S-Band Antenna

• SCM - Search-Coil Magnetometer (mounted on boom)

• SCM Pre-amp – Search Coil Magnetometer

• Star Sensors

• USO – Ultra Stable Oscillators

thrusterthruster

thrusterthruster

fill/drain

valvesT-0

GPS

GPS

GPSGPS

GPS

GPS

GPSGPS

(blue = IS components mounted on spacecraft deck or mag boom

MMS Commissioning

Problem: MMS Diversity

Four 3mx1m observatories (3 more than most other missions) 26 sensors, including 8 booms, per observatory, with diverse

objectives and constraints

3/7/16 4

>10 geographically distributed science and mission operations

Three different ground software systems

Three distinct communication and tracking networks with new methods

Spinning observatories requiring precise translational control, multiple maneuver types and control modes

Space Network

Universal Space Network

Deep Space Network

DistributedOperationsSites

300 unique activities per observatory to execute in 5 months

Scope of Commissioning

3/7/16 5

#ofActivities TotalDuration RealtimeDuration

CIDP 36 31:20:00 31:20:00ASPOC 128 0:00:00 200:23:20EIS 36 44:56:00 59:08:00FEEPS 20 17:04:00 12:00:00FIELDS 107 279:29:00 215:20:00FIELDS/EDI 164 152:00:00 152:00:00FPI 78 154:30:00 106:30:00HPCA 42 104:18:00 103:33:00IS 13 130:00:00 130:00:00SC 224 831:38:00 84:18:00

TOTAL 848 1745:15:00 1094:32:20

SC#1 207 441:04:30 220:02:20SC#2 207 442:54:30 223:52:20SC#3 205 438:54:30 219:52:20SC#4 205 438:54:30 219:52:20SC-ALL 24 323:47:00 130:45:00

32 Maneuvers per Observatory

Per ObservatorySensor

Solution ApproachExtensive pre-launch planning involving representatives from all

operations communities, including each science sensorScience Working Team; dedicated Commissioning Splinters; Burn Operations Group to define maneuver

interfaces, operations, and expected results; bi-weekly telecons; Technical Interchange Meetings with each of the three networks

Established rules for scheduling: human resource; network patterns for communication and tracking; science constraints; spacecraft bus constraints; flight dynamics; contingency mitigation and resolution

Clearly defined roles and participation for each operational team

Developed 3 levels of planning cycle with established daily rhythm: – Strategic: 2 weeks to several months– Tactical: Next orbit to 2 weeks– Real Time: Upcoming contacts

Thread tests for subsystems, borrowing from integration test-as-you-fly scenarios

Rehearsals dedicated to commissioning activities– Standalone instrument sensors– Integrated observatory, executed in real-time across two different heavily loaded periods with anomalies

Dedicated Commissioning Review with all operations communities

Cross-team training on instruments among all operations communities

Tools to capture and validate constraints

3/7/16 6

Solution: Pre-Launch Planning

Science Working Team Meetings

Documentation

Reviews & Training

Biweekly CommissioningTelecons

Burn Operations Group

Commissioning Splinters

Mission Rehearsals

2012 2013 2014

2014 J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M2015

9 20149 20a317 TT

SOC Training

OITL IS Commissioning Orbits

PerigeeRaise

L+5L PlanningTableTop

OITL

Flt Ops

Msn Ops

CommissioningReview

IS Templates IS Templates SCTemplates

IS Commissioning Plan Wiki

SC Commissioning Plan

BaselineCommissioning Plan

LONG TERM PLANNING

NEAR TERM PLANNING

1

PerigeeRaise-1

2

DH

7MagBoom

8SDPDeploy

9

OITL

Mission Rehearsals 3

PerigeeRaise-all

3/7/16 MMS Commissioning 7

Results:Overall Commissioning Plan

3/7/16 8

LV

HV

DE

PL

OY

HV

Shadows

Formation

HV

Burst

SITL

Activation

Ø1A

T

I

M

E

HV

Ø1A Prep

Interfere.

Results: Typical DSN Contact Pattern:Early Period Orbits

3/7/16 9

Results:CommissioningPlanning Daily Rhythm

3/7/16 10

Shift Handover (~15 min) – previous shift accomplishments, incompletes & reason, activities for next shift

(include ‘awareness items’); delegate to report to Commissioning Planning Team, provide inputs to Checklist.

Operations Pre-Activity Review (~30 min) – Review activities completed, Anomaly Reports, Change Requests,

planned shift activities and constraints

Tactical Planning Meeting (~1 hr) – Review completed activities, new Anomaly Reports, Change Requests,

ground status reports; establish tactical plan

Strategic Planning Meeting (~1-2 hr, Mon & Thurs) – Review completed activities against the 2-week plan,

review Anomaly Reports, Change Requests; coordinate among all entities involved; establish next 14-orbit

plan and EoC plan.

0800 0800

SOC - Days SOC - Mids

MOC - Days MOC - Mids

SC Tactical Planning

1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 0000 0200 0400 0600

IS Strategic Planning

IS Tactical Planning

Mission Strategic Planning

IS Tactical Planning

Mon &

Thurs

LOCAL TIME

Results: Commissioning Campaign

3/7/16 MMS Commissioning 11

Orbit Hrs. S/C S/C IS

4 From ID Activities Activities

PER 0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5 SHADOW - 30 MIN5 Re 2.0

2.5 Mb 2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0 2 SPIN ADJ to 2.5RPM #24.5 2

9Re 5.0 2 CIDP_ACTUATOR_PWR #2

5.5 2

50% 6.0 1 CIDP 0002 ADP Deploy #1

6.5 1

7.0 1

7.5 1

8.0 4 CIDP 0002 ADP Deploy #4

8.5 4

9.0 4

9.5 4

10.0 3 SPIN ADJ to 2.5RPM #310.5 3 CIDP_ACTUATOR_PWR #3

11.0 3

11.5 3

AP 12.0 2

12.5 2

13.0 2

13.5 2

14.0 1

14.5 1

15.0 1 CIDP_ACTUATOR_PWR #1

15.5 1

16.0 4

16.5 4

17.0 4 CIDP_ACTUATOR_PWR #4

50% 17.5 4

18.0 3

9Re 18.5 3

19.0 3

19.5 3

20.0

20.5

2.5 Mb 21.0

5 Re 21.5

22.0

22.5

23.0

PER 23.5

FLD 002

MAG BOOM DEPLOY #4

INIT THERM CAPAC #4

INIT THERM CAPAC #3

INIT THERM CAPAC #2

INIT THERM CAPAC #1

FLD 003 Motor & HOP

Checkout #3

FLD 003 Motor & HOP

Checkout #4

FLD 002

MAG BOOM DEPLOY #2

FLD 002

MAG BOOM DEPLOY #1

FLD 003 Motor & HOP

Checkout #2

ADP 001 RECEIVING

ELEMENT DEPLOY #4

FLD 002

MAG BOOM DEPLOY #3

FLD 003 Motor & HOP

Checkout #1

ADP 001 RECEIVING

ELEMENT DEPLOY #1

Lesson Learned: Multiple Spacecraft as Production

Lesson Learned: Budget and schedule execution time conservatively, but embrace flexibility to take

advantage of opportunities.

3/7/16 12

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4

1 1 1

1234

Original: Equal time for each spacecraft

Practice makes perfect: << time

Increased execution time or overhead due to split contacts

New Activities 2Ø or

+

Lesson Learned: Test As You Fly

Lessons Learned: Standardize ground segment tools &/or scripting prior to I&T; Model system critical path

delays; Provide high fidelity end-to-end simulation.

3/7/16 13

Tool A Tool B Tool C

MMS SC

Instrument Flatsat

High-FidelityNo Spacecraft

Central Instrument

Data Processor

Diverse Ground Command and Telemetry Systems

Understanding & Modeling System Delays

Missing Full Fidelity Observatory Simulator

DSN MOC DSN

Spacecraft Flatsat

High FidelityS/W Instruments

Lesson Learned: Complexity vs Flexibility

Some contacts reserved for commissioning were not able to be filled due to last minute developments– Not enough candidate activities were always ready

– Lead time for new activities could be high

– Complexity in scheduling became unmanageable (equipment safety,

human factors, ATS planning, etc.)

Fortunately, the planned schedule had adequate time built in such that the end date for commissioning was maintained

3/7/16 14

Lessons Learned: Complexity in spacecraft and limitations in infrastructure often precludes flexibility

and results in inefficiencies.

Lesson Learned: Team Shift Scheduling

Lessons Learned: Shift schedules can differ and be based on the S/C operations priorities while

maintaining an effective daily rhythm.

3/7/16 15

ScienceRegion of Interest

Mission Operations followed Day/Night shift,except maneuvers and special activities.

Science Operations followed the orbit, with shift changes at apogee and perigee.

MMS Commissioning Summary

Four precision spinning spacecraft with 26 sensors and over 30 maneuvers presents a complex challenging commissioning effort.

Careful planning was essential in managing the effort.

The complexity, constraints, and schedule precluded a degree of flexibility.

3/7/16 16

MMS commissioning was successfully executed on time!