1. 1

2. (Sender) (Source) (Receive) (Target) (Message) (Media) (Protocol) (Software) 3. MEDIASENDERMESSAGEPROTOCOL & SOFTWARERECEVIVER 4. 2 0 1 (Noise) 5. - (Simplex) (Half Duplex) (Full Duplex) 6. (Media) 2 (Unaided ( Guided media)media , , Blue Tooth Wi-fi , Wi-max 7. 8. 2 (Local Area Network : LAN) (Metropolitan Area Network: MAN) (Wide Area Network : WAN) 9. (Star Topology) (Bus Topology) (Ring Topology) (Tree Topology) 10. Bus Topology 11. Star Topology 12. Ring Topology 13. Tree Topology 14. 15. (Intranet ) (Internet) (Extranet) 16. 17.