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COMPLETESTATICK G.K

OF

CHANDIGARH

PART - 1

MAP OF CHANDIGARH

Chandigarh – (Introduction)

• Chandigarh Located at the foothills of Shivaliks, it is

known as one of the best experiments in urban

planning and modern architecture in the twentieth

century in India.

• Chandigarh derive its name from the temple of

‘Chandi Mandir’ Located in the site selected for the

city.

INTRODUCTION

• Before Partion of the India capital of Punjab was Lahore.

• After independence, Shimla was made the temporary capital of

Punjab, though many of its offices were located in Ambala,

Jalandhar or Patiala.

• In 1948 the central government decided to build a new capital

Chandigarh for for divided Punjab therefore American planner

and architect Albert Mayer was tasked to design a new city called

"Chandigarh" in 1949.

•Albert Mayer discontinued his work on Chandigarh after

developing a master plan for the city when his architect-

partner Matthew Nowicki died in a plane crash in

1 September 1950.

•Government officials recruited Le Corbusier to succeed

Mayer and Nowicki.

• Chandigarh was the dream city of India’s first Prime

Minister,

Sh Jawaharlal Nehru.

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• Its foundation stone was laid by Pandit jawaharlal Nehru in

2 April1952 at sector 9 .

• Formal inauguration of Chandigarh - October 1953

by by President Dr. Rajendra Prasad

•The area was part of Kharar tehsil of the erstwhile Ambala

district .

• Chandigarh was the first planned city of India. This city was

LAST designed by French architect Le Corbusier.


• Chandigarh was completed in 1960.

•Le Corbusier conceptualized Chandigarh as analogous to human

body. The ‘Head’ being Capitol Complex in Sector 1, ‘Heart being

City Centre Sector-17, ‘Lungs’ being the open space and greenery.

(Apart from the Chandigarh he also designed

Bhubaneswar, the present day capital of Odessa. The city of Gandhi

nagar was also designed by two architects, who were his pupils at

Chandigarh) .

“The seed of Chandigarh is well sown. It is for the citizens to see

that the tree flourishes”.

Mon Le Corbusier

• On 1 Nov 1966, the newly formed state of Haryana was

carved out of the portion of Punjab in order to create a

new state for the majority Haryanvi - speaking people,

while the remaining portion Punjab retained a

mostly Punjabi - speaking majority and was renamed

as Punjab reorganized act 1966.

• Haryana state was formed on the recommendation of

the Sardar Hukam Singh Parliamentary Committee.


• On 23 April 1966, acting on the recommendation of the

Hukam Singh Committee, the Indian government set up the

Shah Commission under the chairmanship of Justice J. C.

Shah, to divide and set up the boundaries of Punjab and

Haryana.

•The commission gave its report on May 1966. According to

this report the then districts

of Hissar, Mahendragarh, Gurgaon, Rohtak, and Karnal were

to be a part of the new state of Haryana.

• Further the Tehsils of Jind , Narwana ,Jagadhari also

included.

• Under 18th Amendment 1966 : Reorganized

Punjab into Punjab, Haryana and UT Chandigarh to

serve Capital of both states.

• The chief Commissioner headed the administration of

the Chandigarh till June 1984 .

•Total 9 chief commissioner was there of Chandigarh

1966 to 1984 .

• The first Chief Commissioner of Chandigarh was Dr.

Mohinder Singh randhawa (1966 to 1968) and last

Chief Commissioner was Krishana banerji

(1982 to1984)

• In 1984, this post was abolished and Governor of

Punjab was given the additional charge of the

administration of U.T of Chandigarh. Since then this

setup is continuing .

• At present governor of Punjab V. P. Singh Badnore is

also administrator of Chandigarh.

• First Administrator of Chandigarh was Bhairab Datt

Pandey .


• V. P. Singh Badnore is 35th governor of Punjab.

• Chandigarh’s Capitol Complex was in July 2016 declared

by UNESCO as World Heritage at the 40th session of World Heritage

Conference held in Istanbul.

•These are the 36 sites from India in the World Heritage by

UNESCO . Ahmadabad' city of GUJRAT was the latest into the list

ofWorld Heritage FROM India IN July 2107 .

• Chandigarh became the first smoke free city of India in 2007 .


• Chandigarh surrounding districts are of Mohali, Patiala and Ropar in

Punjab and Panchkula and Ambala in Haryana.

•The nearby cities Mohali and Panchkula are very much mixed with

the city Chandigarh, and together it is called “TriCity”.

• The language of education medium -

Hindi, Punjabi.

• It is also called as a Pensioner's Paradise.

• Chandigarh is bordered by the state of Punjab to the north,

west and south, and to the state of Haryana to the east.

• Chandigarh is on north side of india .

• It is located 260 km (N) of New Delhi 229 km S-E

of Amritsar and just 116 km S-W of Shimla.

• PIN 160XXX

• CH Vehicle registration CH-01 to CH-04

• Chandigarh alone has 56 sectors, beyond which

the sector count continues into Mohali , Punjab- a

satellite city of Chandigarh. So, sector-57 onwards,

all sectors lie in Mohali and not Chandigarh. The

numbering starts from 1.

• There is no sector13.

Politics

• Present member of Parliament – Kirron Kher

(BJP). Prior to her, Mr. Pawan Bansal of Congress

was MP from Chandigarh and first member of

parliament from .

• 1st Member of parliament from Chandigarh was

Chand Goyal (BJS) .

Chandigarh Municipal Corporation

• Founded in the year of

- 1994

• Head office – sector 17

• Total councilors – 35

Out of which 26 Elected

and 9 nominated.

• Mayor - Asha Kumari Jaswal

• Senior Deputy Mayor -Rajesh Kumar Gupta

• Deputy Mayor - Anil Dubey

Political PartyNumber of

Councilors

Bharatiya Janata Party 20

Shiromani Akali Dal 1

Indian National Congress 4

Independent 1

Nominated 9

Member of Parliament 1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiromani_Akali_Dal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_National_Congress

Chandigarh Quick facts

• Latitude - 30° 75′ N

• longitude - 76.78’E

• Height (From MSL) 304 meter to 365meter

• Geographical Area - 114 sq. km

• Average Rainfall - 1110 mm

• Monsoon July – September

• Temperature Summers 25°-42°C

Winters 3.6°-23°C.

• Capital of - Punjab & Haryana

• Languages - Hindi, Punjabi & English

Chandigarh Censés data 2011

• Total Population – 10.55

Lakh.

• Male Population – 5.80

Lakh

• Female Population – 4.75

Lakh

• Urban Population – 10.26

Lakh

• Rural Population – 0.29

Lakh

• Density – 9258 /sqkm

• Sex Ratio - 818

Chandigarh Censés data 2011

• Male Literacy Rate – 90%

• Female Literacy Rate –81.20%

• Number of Districts – one

• Urban population 97.25%

• Rural Population 2.75%

• The total population growth 2001 to 2011 - 17.19

percent

• At the time of establishment of Chandigarh on 1nov 1966

population of Chandigarh was 1.198 lakh

Some more imp. Facts about Chandigarh…

• Chandigarh is the 5 largest U.T according to area wise and

Rank 34th in India.

• On 1st Position Andaman & Nicobar Islands – 8248 sq km.

• According to population Chandigarh ranks 29th.

• Originally Chandigarh was planned for total

population of 5 lakhs.

Some more imp. Facts about Chandigarh

• In 2010, Chandigarh was reported to be the cleanest city in India.

• In 2015, LG Electronics ranked Chandigarh as the happiest city in

India over the happiness index .

• Chandigarh placed 2nd in 2016 cleanest cities in India.

• Chandigarh has been placed at No. 11 position in the 2017 list of

cleanest cities of India as per the survey of ‘Swachh Sarvekshan 2017.

The state tree of Chandigarh.

• Blue Jacaranda.

State bird of Chandigarh.

• Indian grey hornb

ill.

State animal of Chandigarh.

• Indian grey

mongoose

Emblem of Chandigarh state

• Open Hand.

Official language of Chandigarh State

• English

The state flower of Chandigarh.

• Dhak

Notable people from Chandigarh

• Milkha Singh - Commonwealth gold medalist.

• Kapil Dev - former Indian international cricketer

• Jaspal Bhatti - Padma Bhushan Awardee, Film and TV

Actor

• Yuvraj Singh - Indian international cricketer

• Jeev Milkha Singh - professional Golfer

• Binny Bansal - Founder of Flipkart

• Sachin Bansal - Founder of Flipkart .

•Ayushman Khurrana - Indian Film actor

•Yami Gautam - Indian film actress

•Gul Panag - Indian film actress

• Nek Chand - Indian artist and creator of the

Rock Garden of Chandigarh

• Sabeer Bhatia - Indian-American Entrepreneur

who founded Hotmail

Places of interest

• Sukhna Lake

• Rock Garden

• Rose Garden

• Parrot Bird Sanctuary Chandigarh

• Leisure Valley

Sukhna Lake

• Location: In the foothills of Shivalik range

• Highlights: Manmade lake

• The lake was created by Le Corbusier and the Chief Engineer P L Verma.

• Sukhna Lake is a beautiful lake that lies in the foothills of Shivalik range.

• Chandigarh Administration has finalized a new plan for Sukhna Lake and New Lake in Sector 42

• It is a 3 km long lake that was created in the year 1958

•.

• Sukhana Lake of Chandigarh, India has become an

integral part of the city .

• Sukhna Lake is the venue for many festive celebrations.

•The most popular is the Mango (JUNE) Festival held

during the monsoons

• Sukhna Lake itself hosts a large number of gardens including

the Garden of Silence.

Rock Garden• Is situated in the middle of the Capitol Complex and the Sukhna

Lake in Sector 1.

• It is also known as Nek Chand Rock Garden after its founder.

• It has numerous sculptures made by using a variety of different discarded waste materials like frames, mudguards, forks, handle

bars, metal wires, play marbles, porcelain, auto parts .

• Nek Chand himself went up the Shivalik hills and got different stones and materials with which he started building the garden in

1957.

• TOTAL AREA – 40 ACRES

Rose Garden

• Zakir Hussain Rose Garden or simply Rose Garden, is

named after the former President of India, Zakir Hussain.

• It is situated in Sector 16.

• The garden is known to be the greatest of its types in Asia.

• Chandigarh GOVERNMENT holds Rose Festival in Zakir

Hussain Rose Garden from 21st February to 23rd February

every year that portrays 1000s of sub species of roses.

•A large number of tourists are reported to be in the city

to attend the event.

•The garden is said to be spread about thirty to forty acres

containing nearly 1600 varieties of roses in it and more

than 32,500 varieties of other medicinal plants and trees.

• Area30 Acres

• Opened1967

• Founder Mohinder Singh Randhawa

Parrot Bird Sanctuary Chandigarh

• Parrot Bird Sanctuary Chandigarh is a bird sanctuary

which is located in sector 21 Chandigarh India.

• It is notified under Section 18 of the Wildlife

(Protection) Act, 1972.

• It is habitat of thousands of parrots. It is the second

wildlife sanctuary in the city after Sukhna Wildlife

Sanctuar.

Other destinations

• Other tourist destinations include The New Lake in Sector 42

• Capitol Complex in Sector 1

• City Centre in Sector 17

• Open hand monument in Sector 1

• Le Corbusier Centre in Sector 19

• Government Museum and Art Gallery in Sector 10

• International Doll Museum in Sector 23

• Sree Chaitanya Gaudiya Math in Sector 20.

Garden• Garden of Fragrance in Sector 36

• Garden of Palms in Sector 42

• Butterfly Park in Sector 26

• Valley of Animals in Sector 49

• Japanese Garden in Sector 31

• Terraced Garden in Sector 33

• Shanti Kunj Garden in Sector 16

• Other tourist destinations Mata Mansa Devi Mandir, Pinjore

Gardens, Morni Hills, Nada Sahib, ChattBir Zoo


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