Completing the Completing the Convergence Puzzle:Convergence Puzzle:A Survey and A RoadmapA Survey and A Roadmap

IEEE Wireless Communications‧June 2009

DJAMAL-EDDINE MEDDOUR, USMAN JAVAID, AND NICOLAS BIHANNIC, ORANGE LABSTINKU RASHEED, CREATE-NET RESEARCH CENTERRAOUF BOUTABA, WATERLOO UNIVERSITY

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OutlineOutlineIntroductionConvergenceExisting SolutionsComparisonPossible TimeframeConclution

IntroductionIntroductionThis article surveys different

technologies which offer seamless handover and converged access to mobile voice, video, and data services

Home Network Home Network ConvergenceConvergenceThe user can access different

types of services from the same terminal

A service is available on more than one handsets

Diverse communication technologies are expected within the home network sphere

Home Network Home Network ConvergenceConvergenceMainly : Home Gateway

◦Local data exchange◦Interconnection to service platforms

SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) and IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)

Access Network Access Network ConvergenceConvergenceTransport layer

◦The reduction in operational expenditure(OPEX) cost Aggregate mobile access nodes into a

backhaul network shared with a fixed access network

The use of a shared infrastructure for heterogeneous access solutions

Service control layer◦Allows to the same service irrespective

of the access network infrastructure

Core Network Core Network ConvergenceConvergenceIMS

◦Mobile access network 3GPP (3G Partnership Program)

◦Fixed broadband access network TISPAN (Telecommunications and Internet

Converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networks) of ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)

ITU (International Telecommunications Union) of NGN GSI (Next Generation Networks Global Standard Initiative)

Core Network Core Network ConvergenceConvergenceThe IMS is a core network

infrastructure to control user sessions for the following services:◦Conversational services : voice and

video◦Real-time data-oriented services :

instant messaging and presence◦Audio-visual services

Core Network Core Network ConvergenceConvergenceBenefits expected by the operator

deploying an IMS infrastructure◦To use a common functional

infrastructure for services control◦Allows the operator to better control

resources, especially significant in the mobile domain for packet switching services

◦Service triggering toward application servers in accordance with user service profiles

◦Solution for PSTN (public switched telephone network) renewal and expectations of OPEX/CAPEX (capital expenditure) reductions

Application Server Level Application Server Level ConvergenceConvergenceTo offer differentiated QoSConsider it as a standalone

convergence for Web players◦Allows the operator to set policy on

Qos an charge for services accordingly

Existing Solution Toward Existing Solution Toward Seamless ConvergenceSeamless ConvergenceWLAN (wireless local area network)

◦High data rates to mobile users◦Low network deployment cost

UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)◦BSs in UMTS offer larger cells◦Provides nearly worldwide coverage

UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access)I-WLAN (Interworking WLAN)MIH (media-independent handover)

UMAUMAAccess network levelCurrently endorsed by the 3GPP

under GAN (generic access network)

Offer call continuity from a GAN-capable terminal between local area network and the GSM infrastructure

UMAUMAGb interface : 3GPP definedPSTN (public switched telephone

network)

UMAUMARecent evolution : EGAN (enhanced

GAN)◦Spec. TR 43.902◦Gb Gn ◦Allow GANC (GAN controller) to

interconnect directly with GGSN (GPRS gateway service node)

◦Interface between GAN terminal and GANC : IPSec tunnel Strong security requirement piggyback

I-WLANI-WLAN3GPP standardBetween a WLAN access network

and the 3GPP core networkArchitecture (release 6)

◦WAG (wireless access gateway)◦PDG (packet data gateway)◦AAA server

I-WLANI-WLANWAG

◦Data from UE through fixed Ans are aggregated at the WAG

◦Route packets toward the home domainPDG

◦A gateway toward external PDNs (packet data networks)

AAA server◦Interacts with PDG to perform service-

level AAA functions

I-WLAN protocolsI-WLAN protocolsRemote IP layer

◦Route packets between UE and PDNTunneling layer

◦Tunneling header◦Encapsulate remote IP layer packets◦Decrypt the IP packets

Transport IP layer◦Transport remote IP layer packets

encapsulated into IPSec tunnel

I-WLAN Evolution I-WLAN Evolution SAE (System Architecture

Evolution)◦Support seamless mobility between

heterogeneous access networks◦Mobility is under study for I-WLAN in

release 8 and is based on MIP◦DSMIPv6

MIHMIHDefined : IEEE802.21 working

group◦Defines a framework to support

information exchange that facilitates mobility decisions

◦Support transparent service continuity

◦Considered both wired and wireless technologies

MIHMIHMIES 、 MICS 、 MIIS

ComparisonComparison

Possible TimeframePossible Timeframe

ConclusionConclusionMassive interest

◦WiFi High data rates at low cost Do not guarantee seamless coverage,

especially with high mobility

◦Bluetooth Supports low data rates (compared with

hotspot technologies) Saves in power

◦GSM/GPRS and UMTS Wide area coverage and support high mobility High cost