Conditionals in EnglishConditionals in English

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Prva niška gimnazija “Stevan Prva niška gimnazija “Stevan Sremac”Sremac”

FIRST CONDITIONALRule

• In this sentences, both verbs refer to actions or events in future.

• The verb tense after the words IF or UNLESS is the PRESENT SIMPLE.

• The verb tense in the condition clause is WILL/WON’T.

Examples

If you aren’t careful, you will cause an accident.

Unless you go shopping with me, I won’t help you with your essay.

I will buy you this T-Shirt if you want. I won’t repair your bike unless you pass your

exams.

SECOND CONDITIONALRule

• We use IF with the Past Simple Tense (to introduce the condition) , and WOULD + INFINITIVE (to show the consequence) when we want to show that a situation is unreal or unlikely.

• It is also possible to use COULD (for possibility and ability) or WOULDN’T (for uncertainty) instead of WOULD (for certainty) .

Examples

What would you do if you won $ 1 milion?

If I had more money, I would buy a new PC.

I wouldn’t need a bike if I had a car.

If you found a wallet in a nightclub, what would you do?

I Conditional vs. II Conditional

• If my parents give me more pocket money, I will be very happy.

• It’s possible to get more money

• If my parents gave me more pocket money, I would be very happy.

• It’s not possible to get more money

THIRD CONDITIONALRule

• To speculate how past actions and results might have been different we use IF + PAST PERFECT and WOULD + Past participle.

• We use WOULD (for certainty) and WOULDN’T (for uncertainty).

Examples

If LA Lakers hadn’t got to the final, Peter wouldn’t have watched the game on TV.

If I hadn’t gone to the club last Saturday, I wouldn’t have met him.

If I had taken the shot, I would have scored. If I had listened to my dad, I might have

made some better decisions in my life.

ZERO CONDITIONALRule

• We use PRESENT SIMPLE in both parts of the sentence.

• With Zero Conditional we express facts.

Examples

If you throw rock into the water, it sinks.

If you are rich, you have expensive clothes and fabulous car.

T H E E N DT H E E N D

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