connectors. using connectors will allow you to express your ideas better, and allow your writing to...

Connectors

ConnectorsUsing connectors will allow you to express your ideas better, and allow your writing to flow. Connectors can be classified by grammar (coordinating conjunctions [ 등위 접속사 ] or subordinating conjunctions [ 종속 접속사 ]) or function. We will look at function.

Contrasting Ideas In One Sentence the exam was difficult, all students passed.

All students passed the exam was difficult.

Contrasting Ideas Between Two sentences/Paragraphs.Anthony’s exam was difficult. Jean-Luc’s exam

was quite easy.

Although

ThoughEven

thoughWhile

although

thougheven

though

However, In contrast, Conversely,


Other Contrasting WordsOn the other hand – used to compare two aspects of the same idea

(On one hand,) Korea is small. On the other hand, it has a large population.Whereas, Yet, While – use for direct contrast

Whereas Jean-Luc’s exam was difficult, Anthony’s was easy.

Anthony’s exam was easy, while Jean-Luc’s was difficult.Unlike – show how two things are different.

Unlike Anthony’s exam, Jean-Luc’s exam was very easy.Instead – shows one thing was chosen while another was not

I couldn’t take John’s class. Instead, I took Anthony’s.Even so - introduces an idea that is somehow different from what has just been said

Anthony’s exam was very difficult. Even so, I got an 96% on it.


Concession / Unexpected Results In One Sentence the exam was difficult, all students passed.

All students passed the exam was difficult.

being difficult, all students passed the exam.

Although

ThoughEven

though

although

thougheven

thoughDespiteIn spite

of

양보


Other Concession Words

Nevertheless / Nonetheless – in spite of something ( 그럼에도 불구하고 )

I failed Anthony’s exam. Nevertheless, I kept studying English.

Admittedly - to admit something (and therefore accept the opposing side’s idea)

I learned a lot in Anthony’s class. Admittedly, it was a little too difficult.


Conditions in One SentenceIf / Provided that – if some situation exists

If Anthony’s exam is easy, I will pass it.I will pass Anthony’s exam if it is easy.

Even if – despite a certain situationEven if Anthony’s exam is difficult, I will pass it.I will pass Anthony’s exam even if it is difficult.

Unless –says what will happen if something else does not happen (~ 하지 않는 한 )

Unless Anthony’s exam is difficult, I will pass it.I will pass Anthony’s exam unless it is difficult.


Cause-Effect / Results in One SentenceSince – explains why, similar to because

Since I failed his exam, I couldn’t graduate.

Because of / Due to – + noun (or gerund)Because of the traffic, I was late to class.I was late to class because of the traffic.

Because of boring lectures, I failed the professor’s class.

Due to it’s difficulty, I failed Anthony’s exam.


Cause-Effect / Results Between Sentences / ParagraphsAnthony’s class was really interesting. I

paid attention.

*Note: Thus is very formal.

Therefore, As a result,

As a consequence,Consequently,

Thus*


EmphasisIn Fact - in truth — stresses that a something is true although it may be surprising

Anthony’s classes are fun. In fact, they are the best.

Indeed - without any question — used to stress the truth of a statement

Anthony’s classes are fun. Indeed, they are the most fun.

Actually – something is true, despite other people’s expectation

Many people say Anthony’s classes are difficult. Actually, they are really easy.

Especially – don’t use to begin a sentence. Try “In particular,” instead


AdditionAnthony’s classes are fun. they are really useful.

Not only…but also – to introduce additional facts in the same statement

Anthony’s classes are not only fun but also useful.Besides – In addition, often follows: besides+ noun phrase

Besides Anthony’s class, I also like Adam’s class. SimilarityLikewise / Similarly – add information that is similar to the previous idea

Anthony’s class is very fun. Likewise, / Similarly, all the teacher’s classes are fun.

In addition,Moreover,

Furthermore,


Concluding WordsSynthesizers – show how ideas relate to each other, how idea A + B + C = D (d is conclusion)

certainly, indeed, overall, surely, clearly

Cause-Effect / Result – shows the effect or results of your points

because of this (reason), because of these (reasons), as a result, therefore, thus, hence (note: thus and hence are very formal)

Signals – shows the end of your paperIn conclusion, to summarize, in brief, in sum, in short, in the end

connectors. using connectors will allow you to express your ideas better, and allow your writing to...

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