consideration of issues for archiving of 4k/8k. arai hirokazu, nhk
TRANSCRIPT
Agenda8K and its feature
8K/4K roadmap
Ongoing 8K program production
- File format comparison
- How we handle the file
- Storage media trend
Decision making background
Our decision for 8K/4K preservation
Conclusion
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
8K production is increasing
format bps MB/s TB/h Used forSD AVC Intra 50M 50M 6.25 0.022
2K
MPEG2 long GOP 50M 6.25 0.022 News materialsAVC Intra 100M 100M 12.5 0.045 General programsXAVC 50M 50M 6.25 0.022 XDCAMXAVC 100M 100M 12.5 0.045 XDCAM
4KRAW 4:2:2 60p 10bit 10G 1250 4.5 materialXAVC 600M 600M 75 0.27 Playout format
8K
RAW Full spec 12bit 143G 17900 64 material1/4 compressed 32G 4000 14.4 materialAVC Intra 1800M 1800M 225 0.81 Playout formatAVC Intra 100M 100M 12.5 0.045 8K proxy
File format and data rate comparison
Note: Playout formats are not good enough quality for re-production
320x 6x
18x
･ These format handles the video as a group of bitmap picture.･ These format preserves the full quality of the original captured image, including the full resolution of the image sensor.･ With these format, we can color grade and bring out the potential of picture.
･ Details of RAW format vary depending on developers.･ DPX format is used for exchange between systems.･ Both formats are much larger than playout format.･ Persistence unknown.
RAW and DPX format
Panasonic P2 recorder AJ-ZS0300Recording format H.264/AVC-Intra 100 x16
Quantization 10bits
Audio performance 48kHz 24bits 24ch
Digital video inputs HD-SDI(BNC) x16
Digital video outputs HD-SDI(BNC) x16
Monitor output HD-SDI x1
Digital audio input BNC x3(G1-a,b,c)BNC x3(AES/EBU)
Digital audio output BNC x3(G1-a,b,c)BNC x3(AES/EBU)
Reference BB or 3sync
Timecode Input(BNC) & output(BNC)
Recording media slot P2card (64GBx17)
Mass 55kg
External dimensions W444mm H487mm D500mm
Power consumption 330W･ Compress 8K video signals into AVC-Intra 1.6Gbps.･ Record 8K video streams to 16 P2 cards in parallel.･ Also records 100Mbps proxy video to another 1 P2 card concurrently with 8K recording to 16 P2 cards.･ Recordable up to 69 minutes of 8K video with 17 P2 cards.･ 34 P2 cards are loadable and can record up to 138 minutes.
Shooting - How to record in real time?
Shooting - How to record in real time?
Recording format H.264/AVC-Intra 100 x16
Quantization 10bits
Audio performance 48kHz 24bits 24ch
Digital video inputs 8K: 3G-SDI(BNC) x8
Digital video outputs 8K: 3G-SDI(BNC) x84K: 3G-SDI(BNC) x42K: HD-SDI(BNC)
Media slot P2card (256GB x4)
Mass 18kg
External dimensions W424mm H176mm D500mm
Power consumption 152W
8K,4K,2K video output available.65 minutes recordable with 256GBx4P2 expressP2
Capacity 64GB 256GB
data rate 1.2Gbps 2.4Gbps
Size 54x5x85.6 54x7.5x85.6
cost $500 $2000
Panasonic P2 recorder AJ-ZS0500
P2/expressP2 LTO5
Cost/1hr $8000 $30
Copy/1hr less than 1hr 8hr
Random access ✔ ×
Shooting Post production
8K CameraCompression
recorder
2K proxy editing system
8K non-linear editing system
EDL data
DPX format
1.5G-SDI x16P2 card x17
LTO backup LTO backup
1.5G-SDI x16P2 card x17
Compressionrecorder
Color Grading &Audio Suitening
AVC-I100 (Proxy)
8K: AVC-Intra1800Mbps
8K: AVC-Intra1800Mbps
4K: XAVC600Mbps
2K: AVC-Intra100Mbps
For playout
For re-editRAW format
HDD
HDD
Current 8K production process
It takes 8 hours to duplicate the 1hour.
10
100
1000
Nati
ve d
ata
rate
(MB/
s)
2010 20202000 2005 2015
LTO5 (140MB/s)
LTO8 (472MB/s)TS1150 (360MB/s)
T10000D (252MB/s)
T10000C (240MB/s)----- 8K playout format (225MB/s)
Magnetic tape media data rate trend
data rate
Still difficult to read/write in real time.
Develops 3x in a decade
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Nati
ve c
apac
ity (T
B)
LTO5 (1.5TB)
2010 20202000 2005 2015
LTO6 (2.5TB)
T10000C (5TB)
LTO8 (12.8TB)TS1150 (10TB)
Magnetic tape media capacity trend
capacity
----- 8K playout format (0.8TB/h)
Records 2 hours in playout formatmuch less in RAW or DPX format
Develops 10x every 5y
Decision making background
■File formats･ Extremely large data. （ Nearly a hundredfold to 2K? ）･ Yet mainly used format are not good enough quality for re-edit.･ Playout formats for 4K/8K broadcasting are currently defined, but there’s various formats while editing such as RAW,DPX… Do we really handle these in archives?
■Storage media･ LTOs are superior for preservation but still left to be desired. (Capacity and data rates are growing almost 10x every 5y)･ P2 cards are used in production process but expensive.･ Optical media can be future candidate but still premature.
Decision making background
■Current archives usage･ File formats are not yet restricted to particular formats. ･ 4K/8K Preservation/Provision won’t be so many in next few years. (but 2K down-converted provision and preview would be many.)
･ We want to manage 4K/8K contents as similar to 2K as possible. (Can we preview and order online? Can we input or check rights info?...)･ Installation of automated 4K/8K ingest & provision system would cost so much.
So we have decided to …
Put them on the shelf !
Post production8K non-linear editing system
8K: AVC-Intra1800Mbps4K: XAVC600Mbps
2K: AVC-Intra100Mbps
Playout format
HDD
Archives
Manually copy and lend by order
Search ,previewAnd order online
Post production8K non-linear editing system
DPX formatRAW format
2K: AVC-Intra100Mbps
RAW,DPX format
HDD
Archives
Search and preview online
※You cannot order because it’s pre-postproduction material
Manually copy and lend by order
Register as 2K video file
Register as 2K video file
Index andstore as LTO
Index andstore as LTO
D/C
D/C
Our decision
Color Grading &Audio Suitening
Color Grading &Audio Suitening
Conclusion
･ 4K/8K future is definitely approaching!
･ But, there’s still so much to develop. e.g. File formats, Compression, storage media and so on.
･ We have decided to preserve 4K/8K with LTO on the shelf. But intended to blend them with 2K workflow and minimize the additional cost.
･ We estimate to put 4K/8K files online at the renewal to next generation MAM, when related technologies are expected to be ready.
