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MMDA VS. VIRON TRANSPORTATION CO.,

G.R. No. 170656, August 15, 2007

FACTS:

President Arroyo issued EO 179 on Feb. 10, 2003, bsed on !"n re#o$$ended by t%e

&&'A to de#ongest &etro &ni" tr((i#.

)id EO orders t%e re$o*" o( !ro*in#i" bus ter$in"s (ro$ $+or &etro &ni"

t%oroug%(res. &&'A s designted s t%e i$!"e$enting gen#y.

Pursunt to t%e EO, t%e &&'A issued Reso"ution No. 03-07, e!ressing (u"" su!!ort o( t%e

Pro+e#t.

On Feb. 23, 2003, /iron rns!ort (i"ed (or de#"rtory re"ie( in t%e &ni" R. Anot%er

#o$!ny, &en#or!, "so (i"ed si$i"r !etition ginst Ee#. )e#. Ro$u"o nd &&'A %ir

Fernndo.

%e tri" #ourt %e"d t%t t%e EO !ssed t%e to tests o( "(u" sub+e#t nd "(u" $et%od, nd is

t%ere(ore *"id eer#ise o( !o"i#e !oer.

On )e!. , 2005, t%e tri" #ourt re*ersed its de#ision u!on $otion (or re#onsidertion by t%e

to #o$!nies, by sying t%t )e# 54e4 o( RA 792 #reting t%e &&'A does not gi*e it t%e !oer

to order t%e #"osure o( bus ter$in"s.

Petitioner rgues t%t 14 t%e reuisites (or de#"rtory re"ie( re not !resent, nd 24 t%e

President %s t%e ut%ority to underte su#% !ro+e#t.

ISSUE:

1. Are t%e reuisites (or de#"rtory re"ie( stis(ied8

2. 'oes t%e President %*e t%e ut%ority to order t%e #"osures8

HELD:1. es. %e reuisites o( de#"rtory re"ie( !etition re t%t 14 t%ere $ust be +usti#ib"e

#ontro*ersy, 24 t%e #ontro*ersy $ust be beteen !ersons %ose interests re d*erse, 34 t%e !rty

seeing de#"rtory re"ie( $ust %*e "eg" interest in t%e #ontro*ersy, nd 4 t%e issue in*oed $ustbe ri!e (or +udi#i" deter$intion.:n t%is #se, t%e uestion be#$e +usti#ib"e #ontro*ersy %en it trns"ted into #"i$ o( rig%t

%i#% is #tu""y #ontested. %e !ro!er !etition is de#"rtory re"ie( be#use Ru"e 63 o( t%e Ru"es o(ourt reuire t%t it $ust be broug%t be(ore t%ere is *io"tion o( rig%ts.

2. No. EO 125, %i#% de(ines t%e !oers nd ob+e#ti*es o( t%e 'O, estb"is%es it s t%e

!ri$ry d$inistrti*e entity o( t%e Ee#uti*e ;rn#% in t%e !ro$otion, de*e"o!$ent, nd regu"tiono( de!endb"e nd #oordinted netors o( trns!orttion.Police power is te ple!"r# power $este% i! te le&isl"t're to (")e, or%"i!, "!% est"*lis

woleso(e "!% re"so!"*le l"ws, st"t'tes "!% or%i!"!ces, !ot rep'&!"!t to te Co!stit'tio!,

+or te &oo% "!% wel+"re o+ te people. Tis power to prescri*e re&'l"tio!s to pro(ote te

e"lt, (or"ls, e%'c"tio!, &oo% or%er or s"+et#, "!% &e!er"l wel+"re o+ te people +lows +ro(

te reco&!itio! t"t salus populi est suprema lex te wel+"re o+ te people is te s'pre(e l"w.A =iner. =ie t%e ssi"edordinn#es in t%e #ited #se, t%e re$o*" o( bus ter$in"s is #%r#teri?ed by o*erbredt%. %e

$ens used to de#ongest tr((i# in t%is #se ou"d be unresonb"e in #%r#ter.

-ANCACO VS. CIT -OVERNMENT OF /UE0ON CIT, ET AL.,

G.R. No. 17707, O#tober 11, 2011

FACTS:

:n t%e er"y 1950s, retired >usti#e Gn#y#o boug%t !r#e" o( "nd "ong E')A in @ue?on

ity.

On &r. 27, 1956, @ Ordinn#e No. 290 s !ssed, reuiring t%e #onstru#tion o( r#desby #o$$er#i" bui"dings in business ?ones in @ue?on ity. An r#de is !ortion o( bui"ding

bo*e t%e (irst ("oor !ro+e#ting o*er t%e side" to !rote#t !edestrins (ro$ sun nd rin. %e!rti#u"r ordinn#e !ro%ibits t%e oner o( !ro!erty to #onstru#t "" t t%e !ro!erty "ine, t%ereby#reting s!#e (or !edestrins it%in t%e oners !ro!erty.

Note t%t Ordinn#e No. 290 s !ssed be(ore t%e ;ui"ding ode s !ssed. =o#"

go*ern$ent units %d dis#retion o*er bui"ding ru"es.

On Feb. 2, 1966, t%e @ go*ern$ent grnted >usti#e Gn#y#o n ee$!tion (or t%e en#"osure

round t%e s!#e be"o t%e r#de on %is !ro!erty, !ro*ided t%t %e de$o"is% t%e en#"osure %en

!ub"i# interest so de$nds.

On A!r. , 2003, t%e &&'A sent Gn#y#o noti#e t%t %is r#de *io"ted t%e ;ui"ding

ode, in re"tion to Ordinn#e No. 290. Be s ordered to de$o"is% it it%in 15 dys.

A(ter t%e "!se o( 15 dys, t%e &&'A !ro#eeded to de$o"is% t%e sid en#"osureC ing ""s.

%e ((e#ted !ortion o( t%e bui"ding is being used s resturnt.

On &y 29, 2003, Gn#y#o (i"ed (or RO ginst t%e de$o"is%ing o( %is !ro!erty, nd (or

nu""i(i#tion o( t%e sid Ordinn#e. Be rgued t%t t%e ordinn#e s not *"id eer#ise o( !o"i#e

!oer, be#use it ut%ori?ed t%e ting o( !ro!erty it%out due !ro#ess o( " nd +ust#o$!enstion. Be "so rgued t%t t%e ordinn#e s se"e#ti*e in !!"i#tion be#use it did not !!"y

to ot%er res in t%e @-)n >un border. Be "so !ryed (or +ust #o$!enstion in #se t%e ordinn#es %e"d to be *"id.

%e ity Go*ern$ent o( @ rgued t%t t%e ordinn#e s *"id eer#ise o( !o"i#e !oer,

nd t%t Gn#y#o s brred by "#%es, esto!!e", nd !res#ri!tion.

%e &&'A rgued t%t Gn#y#o #nnot see to nu""i(y n ordinn#e %e %d "redy *io"ted,

nd t%t t%e !ro!erty s !ub"i# nuisn#e.

%e tri" #ourt grnted Gn#y#os !etition.

%e &&'A !!e"ed to t%e A, %i#% !rt"y grnted t%e !!e". %e *"idity o( t%e ordinn#e

s u!%e"d, sying t%t t%e ordinn#e s *"id eer#ise o( t%e rig%t o( t%e #ity go*ern$ent to

!ro$ote t%e gener" e"(re o( its #onstituents !ursunt to its !o"i#e !oers. %e A "so ru"ed t%tt%e ordinn#e estb"is%ed *"id # "ssi(i#tion o( !ro!erty oners it% regrd to t%e #"ssi(i#tion o(r#des. Boe*er, t%e A ru"ed t%t it does not !!"y to Gn#y#os !ro!erty, nd t%t t%e &&'A

does not %*e t%e !oer to de#"re, !re*ent, or bte nuisn#es.

ISSUE:

1. :s >usti#e Gn#y#o esto!!ed82. :s t%e ordinn#e #onsti tution"8

3. :s t%e ing "" !ub"i# nuisn#e8. 'id t%e &&'A "eg""y de$o"is% t%e !ro!erty8

HELD:

1. No. %e ting o( t%e !ro!erty o##urred on"y in 2003, e*en i( t%e ordinn#e s !ssed

de#des be(ore.2. es. %e ity Go*ern$ent s *"id"y *ested it% !o"i#e !oer, in )e#. 12 o( t%e Re*ised

%rter o( @ue?on ity. %e intention o( t%e ordinn#e s #"er"y (or t%e %e"t% nd s(ety o(

!eo!"e in gener", not +ust (or t%e residents o( @ue?on ity.1it re&"r% to te power o+ L-Us to iss'e 2o!i!& or%i!"!ces, 3'rispr'%e!ce "s reco&!i2e%

t"t te &o$er!(e!t ("# e!"ct le&isl"tio! t"t ("# i!ter+ere wit perso!"l li*ert#, propert#,

l"w+'l *'si!esses "!% occ'p"tio!s to pro(ote te &e!er"l wel+"re. Howe$er, te i!ter+ere!ce

('st *e re"so!"*le "!% !ot "r*itr"r#. 4"se% o! te +ore&oi!&, te power to est"*lis 2o!es +or

i!%'stri"l, co((erci"l "!% resi%e!ti"l 'ses is %eri$e% +ro( te police power itsel+ "!% is

e5ercise% +or te protectio! "!% *e!e+it o+ te resi%e!ts o+ " loc"lit#

3. No. :t does not ("" under Arti#"e 69 o( t%e i*i" ode. Furt%er$ore, t%e (#t t%t Gn#y#ogot n ee$!tion (ro$ t%e "o#" go*ern$ent $ens t%t it is not nuisn#e.

. No. %e &&'A does not %*e t%e !oer to en#t ordinn#es. %e de#ision o( t%e A is

((ir$ed.

MMDA VS. TRAC61OR6S,

G.R. No. 17955, 'e#e$ber 16, 200

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FACTS:

%e Go*ern$ent entered into bui"d-"ese-trns(er ;=4 #ontr#t it% t%e &etro Ri" rnsit

or!ortion &R4, in %i#% t%e &R i"" bui"d t%e &R "ong E')A, !ro*ided t%t t%e#or!ortion i"" on it (or 25 yers be(ore trns(erring it to t%e go*ern$ent.

%e #ontr#t %s sti!u"tion ""oing t%e &R to bui"d bi""bords (or d*ertising re*enue in

t%e ir s!#e bo*e t%e sttions.

:n 199, r#ors entered into #ontr#t it% t%e &R to bui"d d*ertising $edi in

di((erent !rts o( t%e &R.

:n 2001, t%e &&'A reuested r#ors to te don t%e bi""bords, !ursunt to &&'A

Regu"tion 96-009, !ro%ibiting ny inds o( bi""bords or !osters "ong #enter is"nds, rods,

side"s, or !osts. On &r. 1, 2002, r#ors (i"ed n in+un#tion suit it% !ryer (or RO ginst &&'A in

t%e Psig R.

%e R nd t%e A ru"ed in (*or o( r#ors.

ISSUE:

'oes t%e &&'A %*e t%e ut%ority to order r#ors to te don t%e bi""bords8

HELD:

No. :t is *"id eer#ise o( oners%i! by t%e &R, %i#% ons t%e &R (or 25 yers. %e

&&'A does not %*e !o"i#e !oer to be b"e to o*erride t%is eer#ise o( oners%i!.MMDA7s powers were li(ite% to te +or('l"tio!, coor%i!"tio!, re&'l"tio!, i(ple(e!t"tio!,

prep"r"tio!, ("!"&e(e!t, (o!itori!&, setti!& o+ policies, i!st"lli!& " s#ste(, "!%

"%(i!istr"tio!. Noti!& i! Rep'*lic Act No. 89; &r"!te% MMDA police power, let "lo!e

le&isl"ti$e power.

VDA. DE OUANO VS. REPU4LIC,

G.R. No. 16770, Februry 9, 2011

FACTS:

:n 199, t%e Ntion" Air!ort or!ortion &:AAs !rede#essor4 soug%t to e!nd t%e =%ug

Air!ort in ebu ity. :t negotited it% t%e surrounding !ro!erties, sying t%t t%ey %*e rig%t to

re!ur#%se t%eir "nds in #se t%e !"nned e!nsion does not !us% t%roug%. Boe*er, so$e onerssti"" outrig%t re(used, sying t%t t%e !ur#%se !ri#e s y be"o $ret.

%e go*ern$ent, t%roug% t%e i*i" Aeronuti#s Ad$inistrtion, (i"ed #se o( e!ro!rition

be(ore t%e F: o( ebu.

On 'e#. 29, 1961, t%e F: ru"ed t%t t%ere s *"id eer#ise o( e$inent do$in, nd ordered

t%e e!ro!rition o( t%e "ots.

At t%e end o( 1991, =%ug Air!ort #esed o!ertions, s tn Air!ort %s "redy ten o*er"" ir tr((i# in t%e ebu ity re. No e!nsion s e*er underten. %e (or$er "nd onersde$nded to re!ur#%se t%eir "nds, but t%ey ere "e(t un%eeded.

%e :no#in !etition s grnted by t%e R nd t%e A. %e :no#ins ""eged t%t t%e

go*ern$ent negotitors *erb""y !ro$ised to t%e$ t%t t%ey ou"d %*e rig%t o( re!ur#%se s%ou"dt%e e!nsion not !us% t%roug%.

%e Ouno !etition s denied by t%e R nd t%e A.

%e ) de#ided to ru"e t t%e s$e ti$e on bot% #ses %i#% re !r""e" to e#% ot%er.

%e &:AA rgues t%t t%e )ttute o( Fruds in Arti#"e 103 o( t%e i*i" ode renders t%e

*erb" !ro$ise o( rig%t o( re!ur#%se unen(or#eb"e. %e )ttute o( Fruds reuires t%tsti!u"tions in s"e o( re" !ro!erty need to be ritten don so t%t t%ey $y be en(or#ed by t%e

#ourt.4

ISSUE:

'o t%e (or$er oners %*e rig%t o( re!ur#%se8

HELD:

es. %e )ttute o( Fruds does not !!"y be#use it on"y !!"ies to ee#utory #ontr#ts, not

!rti""y #onsu$$ted #ontr#ts.

P'*lic 'se, "s "! e(i!e!t %o("i! co!cept, "s !ow "c

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e!title te pri$"te l"!%ow!er to reco$er possessio! o+ te e5propri"te% lots,B owe$er, i! c"ses

were te &o$er!(e!t +"ile% to p"# 3'st co(pe!s"tio! witi! +i$e #e"rs +ro( te +i!"lit# o+

te 3'%&(e!t i! te e5propri"tio! procee%i!&s, te ow!ers co!cer!e% s"ll "$e te ri&t to

reco$er possessio! o+ teir propert#

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ESLA4AN VS. DE ONORIO,

G.R. No. 16062, >une 2, 2001.

FACTS:

Es"bn s t%e Pro+e#t &nger o( t%e Ntion" :rrigtion Ad$inistrtion N:A4. Be !!ro*ed

t%e bui"ding o( $in #n" in )out% otbto in 191.

Res!ondent s t%e oner o( !r#e" o( "nd in )to. Nino, )out% otbto.

%e N:A boug%t res!ondents "nd in 193 in order (or it to be b"e to bui"d its $in #n".

:n 1990, res!ondent (i"ed (or +ust #o$!enstion on %er !ro!erty, be#use o( t%e go*ern$ents

(i"ure to !y. On O#t. 1, 1993, t%e R rendered de#ision ordering N:A to !y res!ondent.

ISSUE: