contrast - southeast asian linguistics societyjseals.org/seals23/cooper2013case.pdf · modern...
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Modern Burmese is said to have a dental
fricative [θ]
Acoustic studies reveal it to be a dental plosive
[t]
Dental/alveolar
plosive contrast
Many other languages have this contrast
There should be a symbol for the dental stop like there is for the fricative
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Fricative Affricate“Gives the impression
of a weak plosive”Plosive
Armstrong & Pe Maung Tin (1925)
Aung Naing Win (2000)
Bradley (2011) Burling (1967)
Chang (2009) Firth (1936)
Green (2005) Kato (1998)
Myint Soe (1999)
Okell (1994) Roop (1972)
Than Than Win (1998)
Watkins (2001) Wheatley (2003)
*Bradley (“slight
preaffrication”)
*Chang
*Watkins
*Wheatley
*Armstrong & Pe
Maung Tin
*Chang
*Than Than Win
Shiwaruangarote
(2000)
*Kato
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Figure 1. Spectrogram of ‘this son’ ဒသား /dita/ spoken by F1
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Figure 2. Spectrogram of ‘this son’ ဒသား /dita/ spoken by M1
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Figure 3. Spectrogram from ‘this hammer’ ဒတ /d itu/ spoken by F1
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Figure 4. Spectrogram from ‘this hammer’ ဒတ /d itu/ spoken by M1
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Figure 5. Spectrogram from သတငး [dədɪ ] ‘news’ spoken by F2
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Figure 7. Dental plosive in the wordသ [t u] ‘him’ from the recorded passage (line 6 of IPA transcription)
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Figure 8. Dental plosive in the wordသ [tu ] ‘him’ from the recorded passage (line 2).
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Figure 9. Alveolar plosive (unaspirated) in the word တက [taɪʔ] ‘push, blow’ from the recorded passage (line 4).
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Figure 10. Alveolar plosive (unaspirated) in the wordတတ [taʔ] ‘be able’ from the recorded passage (line 3).
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40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Bilabial
Dental
Alveolar
Velar
Female 2
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Bilabial
Dental
Alveolar
Velar
Male 1
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Bilabial
Dental
Alveolar
Velar
Female 1
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Bilabial
Dental
Alveolar
Velar
Male 2n=30-46
n= ~20 per place of articulation
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Bilabial
Dental
Alveolar
Velar
Male 1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Bilabial
Dental
Alveolar
Velar
Male 2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Bilabial
Dental
Alveolar
Velar
Female 2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Bilabial
Dental
Alveolar
Velar
Female 1
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Speaker M2 saying သတငး [dədɪ ] ‘news’ (on the left) and သမး [təmi] ‘daughter’
116 Hz 142 Hz
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If it’s possible for the fricatives to have their own symbols, then why not for the plosives?
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