cyber crime - mis presentation

8/8/2019 Cyber Crime - MIS Presentation

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AKARSH SHARMA (10DM-009)

DEEPTI GUPTA (10DM-041)

DHARA JAIN (10DM-042)

AMIT KUMAR AGARWAL (10FN-011)


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Any criminal activity that uses a computer either asan instrumentality, target or a means for

perpetuating further crimes comes within the ambitof cyber crime

Illegal computer-mediated activities that can be

conducted through global electronic networks


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The first recorded cyber crime took place in the year 1820.

In 1820, Joseph-Marie Jacquard, atextile manufacturerin France, produced

the loom. This device allowed therepetition of a series of steps inthe weaving of special fabrics,thus threatening to endtraditional employment and the

livelihood of many employees.

They committed acts ofsabotage to discourage

Jacquard from furtheruse of the newtechnology FIRSTcyber crime.


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One

Computer as a target of crime

Two

Computer as a i strume tality

Three

Computer as a i cide tal or other crime

Four

Crime associated with the prevale ce of computers


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Crime

Physicaldamage

Theft ofdata

Destructionof data

Act ofspreading

viruses,worms

Hacking


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Computers ortheir contentsare used infurtherance ofa crime

Or offences arecommitted bymanipulating thecontents ofcomputer systems.

Examples: Sendinge-mails, manipulatingcomputer contents forcredit card frauds ortelecommunication

frauds


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With the advent ofcomputers, the criminalshave started using thetechnology as an aid forperpetuation of

conventional crimes.

These include use ofcomputers as an aid for crimessuch as drug trafficking, moneylaundering, child pornography

etc.


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Include

One

Copyright violation

Two

Software piracy

Three

Component theft


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Human beings are vulnerable so the rule oflaw is required to protect them

a quote from The Concept of Law by H.L.A Hart, a legalphilosopher

In drawing similarity, we may say that computers arevulnerable so rule of law is required to protect and safeguardthem against cyber crime.


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One

The capacity to store data in comparatively smallspace.

Easier to obtain large information in one go

Two

Computers are easy to access for those can steal

Secretly implanted logic bomb, key loggers that can

steal access codes, advanced voice recorders; Retina imagers etc. that can fool biometric systems

and bypass firewalls can be utilized to get past many asecurity system.


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Three

Complexity causes human errors

Human mind is fallible and it is not possible that there mightnot be a lapse at any stage.

Four

Negligence is a part of human conduct

Negligence in protecting computer systems gives criminals aneasy access.

Five

Loss of evidence

Easy to destroy any evidence through deletion of data


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Category 1

Children and adolescents between the age group of 6 to 18 years

Due to the inquisitiveness to know and explore the things.

To prove themselves to be outstanding amongst other children in theirgroup.

Category 2

Organized hackers These are organized together to fulfill certain objective.

The reason may be to fulfill their political bias, fundamentalism etc.

Recent hacking of Indian Government sites by hackers from Pakistan.

NASA and Microsoft sites are constantly under attack by the hackers.


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Category 3

Professional hackers / crackers

Their work is motivated by the colour of money.

These kinds of hackers are mostly employed to hack the site of therivals and get credible, reliable and valuable information.

They may even be employed to crack the system of the employer ,basically as a measure to make it safer by detecting the loopholes.

Category 4 Discontented employees

who have been either sacked by their employer or are dissatisfied withtheir employer.

Revenge is their only motive


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Silent in Nature

Computer crime could be committed in privacy without reaching toscene of crime physically i.e. no eye witnesses. There is no signs ofphysical violence or struggle.

Global in character

No national borders. By sitting comfortably far away from the countrythe entire economy of the country could be destroyed. As digitalevidences are fragile in nature one has to respond quickly.

Non existence of Physical Evidence

No physical evidence to indicate that crime has been committed. Onlyon a closer look the trained person could find out the evidences whichare not in the traditional format but are in digital format.


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Creates high Impact

Impact is severe and may be long term. It can damage

the victim system permanently. Loss of good will.

High Potential and Easy to Perpetrate

A software developer who did not get enough money

or good job would turn to criminal world for theirsurvival. Therefore, the computer crimes have apotential to increase. Hence organized mafia may enterinto this sector.


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1

Harassment via e-mails

Bombarding with threatening e-mails

2

Cyber stalking

Posting messages on the bulletin boards frequented by thevictim, or entering the chat-rooms frequented by the victim,constantly bombarding the victim with emails etc.

3

Dissemination of obscene material

Pornography is one of the biggest industries

4

Defamation

Growing tool in brand wars

Example: Blogging negatively about someone


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India enacted its first IT Act in 2000.

The following provisions were provided under the act:

(1) Offence Section under IT Act

Tampering with Computer source documents Sec.65

Hacking with Computer systems, Data alteration Sec.66

Publishing obscene information Sec.67

Un-authorised access to protected system Sec.70

Breach of Confidentiality and Privacy Sec.72

Publishing false digital signature certificates Sec.73


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(2) Computer Related Crimes Covered under IPC (Indian Penal Code) and SpecialLaws

Sending threatening messages by email Sec 503 IPC

Sending defamatory messages by email Sec 499 IPC

Forgery of electronic records Sec 463 IPC

Bogus websites, cyber frauds Sec 420 IPC

Email spoofing Sec 463 IPC

Web-Jacking Sec. 383 IPC

E-MailAbuse Sec.500 IPC

Online sale of Drugs NDPS Act

Online sale of Arms Arms Act


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WHAT STEPS DO BUSINESSFIRMS NEED TO TAKE TOPREVENT CYBER CRIME?


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Precaution

Prevention

ProtectionPreservation

Perseverance


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PHYSICAL SECURITY

Computer network should be protected from the access of unauthorized persons.

ACCESS CONTROL

Firewalls allow only authorized communications between the internal and external network.

PASSWORD PROTECTION

Proof of identity is an essential component to identify intruder.

The use of passwords in the most common security for network system including servers,

routers and firewalls.

Password should be charged with regular interval of time and it should be alpha numeric and

should be difficult to judge.

USING ENCRYPTION

Encryption is able to transform data into a form that makes it almost impossible to read it

without the right key.


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FINDING THE HOLES IN NETWORK

System managers should track down the holes before the intruders do.

So organization should work hard to discover security holes, bugs and weaknesses and report theirfindings as they are confirmed.

USING NETWORK SCANNING PROGRAMS

Network tool, UNIX, scans and gathers information about any host on a network, regardless ofwhich operating system or services the hosts were running.

It checks the known vulnerabilities include bugs, security weakness, inadequate passwordprotection and so on.

There is another product available called COPS (Computer Oracle and Password System). It scansfor poor passwords and dangerous file permissions

USING INTRUSION ALERT PROGRAMS:

Need to put some watchdogs into service. There are some intrusion programs, which identifysuspicious activity and report so that necessary action is taken. They need to be operatingconstantly so that all unusual behaviour on network is caught immediately.


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http://www.crime-research.org/analytics/702/2

http://www.naavi.org/pati/pati_cybercrimes_dec03.htm

http://www.basearticles.com/Art/180332/288/ POPULAR-CYBER-CRIME-

CASES-OF-INDIA.html

http://www.cyberlawsindia.net/cases.html

http://us.norton.com/cybercrime/definition.jsp


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cyber crime - mis presentation

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