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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ..................................................................................................................i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ......................................................................................................ii
SURAT PERNYATAAN ........................................................................................................iii
KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................................iv
DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................................v
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...............................................................................................................vi
DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................................vii
INTISARI ..............................................................................................................................viii
ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................ix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .........................................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang ..............................................................................................................11.2 Tema Sentral Masalah ...................................................................................................21.3 Identifikasi Masalah ......................................................................................................31.4 Premis ............................................................................................................................41.5 Hipotesis ........................................................................................................................41.6 Tujuan Penelitian ...........................................................................................................41.7 Manfaat Penelitian .........................................................................................................5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...............................................................................................6
2.1 Gas Alam .......................................................................................................................6
2.2 Gas Pengasam ...............................................................................................................6
2.2.1 Karbon Dioksida (CO2) .....................................................................................6
2.2.2 Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) .....................................................................................7
2.3 Pemisahan CO2 dan H2S dari Gas Alam dengan Proses Absorpsi ................................8
2.3.1 Absorpsi dengan Pelarut Berbasis Amina .........................................................8
2.3.2 Absorpsi dengan Air (Aquasorption) ..............................................................10
2.4 Teknologi Penjumputan Belerang dari Gas Alam ........................................................11
2.4.1 Proses Claus ....................................................................................................11
2.4.1.1 Acid Gas Enrichment ..........................................................................13
2.4.2 Liquid Redox ...................................................................................................14
2.4.3 Bio-desulfurisasi ..............................................................................................15
2.5 Ionic Liquid .................................................................................................................17
2.5.1 1-Propil-3-Metilimidazolium Bromida ([PMIM][Br]) ....................................18
2.6 Analisa Kuantitatif Menggunakan Online Weight Measurement .................................19
2.7 Analisa Kuantitatif Menggunakan Gas Chromatography ............................................19
2.8 Penelitian Terkait .........................................................................................................21
2.8.1 Sifat Volumetrik [PMIM][Br] (Sadeghi dkk., 2009) ........................................21
2.8.2 Densitas dan Viskositas [BMIM][Br] (Tshibangu dkk., 2011) ........................21
2.8.3 Interaksi antara CO2 dan Anion dalam Ionic Liquid (Indarto dan Palgunadi, 2009) ................................................................................................................23
2.8.4 Pemisahan H2S – CO2 dengan [BMIM][Br] pada Temperatur Ruang (Handy dkk., 2014) .......................................................................................................24
BAB III BAHAN DAN METODE PENELITIAN ..................................................................26
3.1 Bahan – Bahan Penelitian ............................................................................................26
3.2 Peralatan – Peralatan Penelitian ...................................................................................26
3.3 Metode Penelitian ........................................................................................................27
3.4 Prosedur Penelitian ......................................................................................................28
3.4.1 Percobaan Utama .............................................................................................28
3.4.2 Percobaan Sampling .........................................................................................29
3.4.3 Percobaan Recovery .........................................................................................30
3.5 Analisis dan Pengolahan Data ......................................................................................31
3.5.1 Metode Analisis Online Weight Measurement ................................................32
3.5.2 Metode Analisis GC .........................................................................................32
3.6 Lokasi dan Jadwal Kerja Penelitian .............................................................................34
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Diagram Skematik Proses Pemisahan Gas Pengasam dengan Pelarut Berbasis Amin ..................................................................................................................9
Gambar 2.2 Diagram Skematik Proses Aquasorption ..........................................................11
Gambar 2.3 Diagram Skematik Proses Claus .....................................................................12
Gambar 2.4 Diagram Skematik Proses Acid Gas Enrichment ............................................14
Gambar 2.5 Diagram Skematik Proses LO-CAT ................................................................15
Gambar 2.6 Diagram Skematik Proses Bio-Desulfurisasi ..................................................17
Gambar 2.7 Struktur [PMIM][Br] .......................................................................................19
Gambar 2.8 Skema Sistem GC ............................................................................................20
Gambar 2.9 Skema Instrumen Elektroforesis Kapiler ........................................................21
Gambar 2.10 Grafik Densitas [BMIM][Br] Murni terhadap Temperatur .............................22
Gambar 2.11 Grafik Viskositas [BMIM][Br] Murni terhadap Temperatur ..........................23
Gambar 3.1 Skema Rangkaian Alat Penyerapan Gas CO2 dan H2S ...................................27
Gambar 3.2 Diagram Alir Metode Penelitian .....................................................................28
Gambar 3.3 Diagram Alir Perhitungan Komputasi Molekular ...........................................29
Gambar 3.3 Diagram Alir Absorpsi Gas Pengasam ............................................................30
Gambar 3.4 Diagram Alir Prosedur Sampling ....................................................................31
Gambar 3.5 Diagram Alir Percobaan Recovery ..................................................................32
Gambar 3.7 Diagram Alir Proses Metode GC ....................................................................34
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1.1 Konsentrasi H2S dan CO2 Pada Gas Alam di Berbagai Kilang di Indonesia ..........................................................................................................................2
Tabel 2.1 Komposisi Gas Alam dari Berbagai Sumur Pengilangan ..............................6
Tabel 2.2 Sifat Fisik CO2 .................................................................................................7
Tabel 2.3 Sifat Fisik H2S .................................................................................................8
Tabel 2.4 Perbandingan Pelarut Berbasis Amin ............................................................10
Tabel 2.5 Contoh Ionic Liquid ......................................................................................18
Tabel 2.6 Gas Pembawa dan Jenis Detektor yang Sesuai .............................................21
Tabel 2.7 Struktur Ionic Liquid beserta Kelarutan CO2, Volume Molar (VM), dan Energi Ikatan CO2-anion Menggunakan MP2/6-311+G(d) ..........................24
Tabel 3.1 Variasi dalam Penelitian ..................................................................................28
Tabel 3.2 Jadwal Kerja Penelitian ...................................................................................34