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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL......................................................................................... i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN........................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR....................................................................................... iii
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI...................................................................................................... v
DAFTAR GAMBAR......................................................................................... x
DAFTAR TABEL..............................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
xviii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang........................................................................................... 1
1.2. Tujuan Percobaan...................................................................................... 1
1.3. Waktu Pelaksanaan.................................................................................... 1
1.4. Metodologi Penelitian................................................................................ 2
1.5. Sistematika Penulisan................................................................................ 2
BAB II SIFAT – SIFAT TAHANAN RANGKAIAN
2.1 Tujuan Percobaan....................................................................................... 4
2.2 Gambar Rangkaian..................................................................................... 4
2.3 Alat dan Bahan.......................................................................................... 5
2.4 Langkah Percobaan.................................................................................... 5
2.5 Data Percobaan.......................................................................................... 7
2.6 Analisa dan Pembahasan........................................................................... 8
2.6.1 Rangkaian Pembagi Arus.................................................................. 8
2.6.2 Rangkaian Jembatan Seimbang......................................................... 12
2.6.3 Rangkaian Jembatan tak Seimbang................................................... 14
2.1 Kesimpulan................................................................................................ 16
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BAB III TEOREMA SUPERPOSISI, RESIPROSITAS DAN
KOMPENSASI
3.1 Tujuan Percobaan.......................................................................................... 18
3.2 Gambar Rangkaian........................................................................................ 18
3.3 Alat dan Bahan.......................................................................................... 20
3.4 Langkah Percobaan....................................................................................... 20
3.5 Data Percobaan.............................................................................................. 22
3.6 Analisa dan Pembahasan........................................................................... 24
3.6.1 Teorema Superposisi............................................................................ 24
3.6.2 Teorema Kompensasi........................................................................... 32
3.6.3 Teorema Resiprositas........................................................................... 38
3.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................................ 44
BAB IV TEOREMA THEVENIN DAN NORTON
4.1 Tujuan Percobaan.......................................................................................... 45
4.2 Alat dan Bahan.............................................................................................. 45
4.3 Gambar Rangkaian.................................................................................... 45
4.4 Langkah Percobaan....................................................................................... 47
4.5 Data Percobaan.............................................................................................. 49
4.6 Analisa dan Pembahasan........................................................................... 50
4.6.1 Teorema Thevenin + EWB.................................................................. 50
4.6.2 Teorema Norton + EWB...................................................................... 54
4.6.3 Rangkaian Ekuivalen Thevenin........................................................... 59
4.6.4 Rangkaian Ekuivalen Norton............................................................... 61
4.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................................ 63
BAB V TRANSFORMASI RANGKAIAN
5.1 Tujuan Percobaan.......................................................................................... 64
5.2 Gambar Rangkaian........................................................................................ 64
5.3 Alat dan Bahan.......................................................................................... 68
5.4 Langkah Percobaan....................................................................................... 68
5.5 Data Percobaan.............................................................................................. 69
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5.6 Analisa dan Pembahasan........................................................................... 71
5.6.1 Transformasi ∆ Y ................................................................................ 71
5.6.2 Percobaan Transformasi Rangkaian Kubus ........................................ 75
5.6.3 Percobaan Transformasi Rangkaian Piramid....................................... 87
5.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................................ 104
BAB VI RANGKAIAN DUA PINTU
6.1 Tujuan Percobaan.......................................................................................... 105
6.2 Gambar Rangkaian........................................................................................ 105
6.3 Alat dan Bahan.......................................................................................... 106
6.4 Langkah Percobaan....................................................................................... 106
6.5 Data Percobaan.............................................................................................. 108
6.6 Analisa dan Pembahasan........................................................................... 110
6.6.1 Tipe Phi................................................................................................ 110
6.6.2 Tipe T................................................................................................... 123
6.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................................ 136
BAB VII RANGKAIAN R-L-C SERI
7.1 Tujuan Percobaan.......................................................................................... 137
7.2 Gambar Rangkaian........................................................................................ 137
7.3 Alat dan Bahan.............................................................................................. 138
7.4 Langkah Percobaan....................................................................................... 138
7.5 Data Percobaan.............................................................................................. 139
7.6 Analisa dan Pembahasan............................................................................... 140
7.6.1 Sekilas Tentang Rangkaian RLC Seri ................................................. 140
7.6.2 Frekuensi Masukan = Frekuensi Resonansi (f=143,5 kHz)................. 141
7.6.3 Frekuensi Masukan < Frekuensi Resonansi (f=140 kHz).................... 150
7.6.4 Frekuensi Masukan > Frekuensi Resonansi (f=150 kHz).................... 158
7.6.5 Faktor Kualitas dan Bandwidth............................................................ 167
7.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................................ 170
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BAB VIII RANGKAIAN R-L-C PARALEL
8.1 Tujuan Percobaan.......................................................................................... 171
8.2 Gambar Rangkaian........................................................................................ 171
8.3 Alat dan Bahan.......................................................................................... 171
8.4 Langkah Percobaan....................................................................................... 172
8.5 Data Percobaan.............................................................................................. 172
8.6 Analisa dan Pembahasan........................................................................... 174
8.6.1 Sekilas Tentang RLC Paralel............................................................... 174
8.6.2 Sekilas Tentang Lissajous.................................................................... 175
8.6.3 Pembahasan Frekuensi Resonansi........................................................ 177
8.6.4 Pembahasan Frekuensi Rendah............................................................ 184
8.6.5 Pembahasan Frekuensi Tinggi............................................................. 191
8.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................................ 198
BAB IX SOFTWARE
9.1 Tujuan Percobaan.......................................................................................... 200
9.2 Gambar Rangkaian........................................................................................ 201
9.3 Alat dan Bahan.......................................................................................... 211
9.4 Langkah Percobaan....................................................................................... 211
9.5 Data Percobaan.............................................................................................. 212
9.6 Analisa dan Pembahasan........................................................................... 250
9.6.1 Percobaan Magnetik Coupling Polaritas Sama.................................... 250
9.6.2 Percobaan Magnetik Coupling Polaritas Beda..................................... 254
9.6.3 Percobaan Respon Transient Masukan Fungsi Tangga Rangkaian
RL........................................................................................................ 258
9.6.4 Percobaan Respon Transient Masukan Fungsi Sinus Rangkaian RL. . 261
9.6.5 Percobaan Respon Transient Masukan Fungsi Tangga Rangkaian
R-C....................................................................................................... 266
9.6.6 Percobaan Respon Transient Masukan Fungsi Sinus Rangkaian RC. . 269
9.6.7 Percobaan Rangkaian R-L-C Seri...................................................... 274
9.6.8 Percobaan Rangkaian R-L-C Paralel................................................. 277
9.6.9 Percobaan Rangkaian Dua Pintu Tipe Phi......................................... 280
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9.6.10 Percobaan Rangkaian Dua Pintu Bentuk T........................................ 284
9.6.11 Percobaan Filter Tipe LPF................................................................. 288
9.6.12 Percobaan Filter Tipe BPF................................................................. 290
9.6.13 Percobaan Filter Tipe HPF................................................................. 293
9.6.14 Percobaan Fourier Gelombang Sinusoidal......................................... 296
9.6.15 Percobaan Fourier Gelombang Kotak................................................ 300
9.6.16 Percobaan Fourier Gelombang Segitiga............................................. 303
9.6.17 Percobaan Laplace Fungsi Tangga..................................................... 307
9.6.18 Percobaan Laplace Fungsi Eksponensial........................................... 310
9.6.19 Percobaan Laplace Fungsi Gergaji..................................................... 313
9.6.20 Histerisis............................................................................................. 316
9.6.21 Respon RLC Seri................................................................................ 320
9.6.22 Respon Natural RLC Paralel.............................................................. 323
9.6.23 Superposisi Sumber 1......................................................................... 326
9.6.24 Superposisi Sumber 2......................................................................... 329
9.6.25 Superposisi Sumber Total.................................................................. 332
9.6.26 Resiprositas........................................................................................ 335
9.6.27 Percobaan Kompensasi...................................................................... 339
9.6.28 Percobaan Thevenin........................................................................... 343
9.6.29 Percobaan Norton............................................................................... 346
9.6.30 Percobaan Thevenin-Norton.............................................................. 350
9.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................................ 352
BAB VII PENUTUP
10.1 Kesimpulan................................................................................................ 353
10.2 Saran.......................................................................................................... 354
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN 1
ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Rangkaian Pembagi Arus dan Tegangan.................................. 4
Gambar 2.2 Rangkaian Jembatan Seimbang................................................. 4
Gambar 2.3 Rangkaian Jembatan Tidak Seimbang...................................... 4
Gambar 2.4 Rangkaian Pembagi Arus dan Tegangan ................................. 8
Gambar 2.5 Rangkaian Jembatan Seimbang................................................. 12
Gambar 2.6 Rangkaian Jembatan Tak Seimbang......................................... 14
Gambar 3.1 Rangkaian Teorema Superposisi............................................... 18
Gambar 3.2 Rangkaian V1 aktif Superposisi................................................ 18
Gambar 3.3 Rangkaian V2 aktif Superposisi................................................ 19
Gambar 3.4 Rangkaian Percobaan Teorema Kompensasi............................ 19
Gambar 3.5 Rangkaian Percobaan Kompensasi VR3..................................... 19
Gambar 3.6 Rangkaian Teorema Resiprositas Vs di AB.............................. 19
Gambar 3.7 Rangkaian Teorema Resiprositas Vs di CD.............................. 20
Gambar 3.8 Rangkaian Teorema Superposisi............................................... 24
Gambar 3.9 Rangkaian V1 aktif V2 hubung singkat.................................... 24
Gambar 3.10 Rangkaian V2 aktif V1 hubung singkat.................................... 24
Gambar 3.11 Rangkaian Superposisi.............................................................. 25
Gambar 3.12 Rangkaian Superposisi V2 dihubung singkat........................... 26
Gambar 3.13 Rangkaian Superposisi V1 dihubung singkat........................... 27
Gambar 3.14 Rangkaian Superposisi pada EWB............................................ 28
Gambar 3.15 Rangkaian Superposisi V2 dihubung Singkat............................ 28
Gambar 3.16 Rangkaian Superposisi V1 dihubung Singkat............................ 29
Gambar 3.17 Rangkaian Percobaan Teorema Kompensasi............................ 32
Gambar 3.18 Rangkaian Percobaan Kompensasi R3=VR3............................. 32
Gambar 3.19 Rangkaian Teorema Kompensasi ............................................. 33
Gambar 3.20 Rangkaian Kompensasi VR3...................................................... 34
Gambar 3.21 Simulasi rangkaian Kompensasi dengan sumber Vs................ 35
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Gambar 3.22 Simulasi rangkaian Kompensasi dengan sumber dan VR3........ 35
Gambar 3.23 Rangkaian Teorema Resiprositas Vs di B................................. 38
Gambar 3.24 Rangkaian Teorema Resiprositas Vs di D................................ 38
Gambar 3.25 Rangkaian Teorema Resiprositas Vs di AB.............................. 39
Gambar 3.26 Rangkaian Teorema Resiprositas Vs di CD.............................. 40
Gambar 3.27 Rangkaian Resiprositas Vs di AB............................................. 41
Gambar 3.28 Rangkaian Resiprositas Vs di CD............................................. 42
Gambar 4.1 Rangkaian teorema thevenin..................................................... 45
Gambar 4.2 Rangkaian teorema norton........................................................ 46
Gambar 4.3 Rangkaian Ekuivalen Thevenin................................................ 46
Gambar 4.4 Rangkaian Ekuivalen Norton ................................................... 46
Gambar 4.5 Rangkaian Thevenin.................................................................. 50
Gambar 4.6 Rangkaian Hubung Buka.......................................................... 50
Gambar 4.7 Rangkaian Ekuivalen Thevenin................................................ 51
Gambar 4.8 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian Thevenin RTH.................................. 52
Gambar 4.9 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian Thevenin VTH.................................. 52
Gambar 4.10 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian Thevenin IRL................................... 52
Gambar 4.11 Rangkaian Norton..................................................................... 54
Gambar 4.12 Rangkaian Ekuivalen Norton.................................................... 56
Gambar 4.13 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian Norton RN....................................... 57
Gambar 4.14 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian Norton Is......................................... 57
Gambar 4.15 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian Norton In........................................ 57
Gambar 4.16 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian Norton IRL....................................... 58
Gambar 4.17 Rangkaian Teorema Thevenin.................................................. 59
Gambar 4.18 Rangkaian Ekuivalen Thevenin................................................ 59
Gambar 4.19 Simulasi EWB Ekuivalen Thevenin.......................................... 60
Gambar 4.20 Rangkaian teorema norton........................................................ 61
Gambar 4.21 Rangkaian ekuivalen norton...................................................... 61
Gambar 4.22 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian ekuivalen norton............................. 62
Gambar 5.1 (a) Rangkaian Y........................................................................ 64
(b) Rangkaian ∆......................................................................... 64
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Gambar 5.2 Rangkaian Kubus...................................................................... 64
Gambar 5.3 Rangkaian Kubus dengan konduktor........................................ 65
Gambar 5.4 Rangkaian Kubus dengan resistor............................................. 65
Gambar 5.5 Rangkaian Piramid.................................................................... 65
Gambar 5.6 Rangkaian Piramid dengan konduktor ..................................... 66
Gambar 5.7 Rangkaian Piramid dengan resistor........................................... 66
Gambar 5.8 Rangkaian Piramid dengan konduktor...................................... 66
Gambar 5.9 Rangkaian Piramid dengan resistor........................................... 67
Gambar 5.10 Rangkaian Bintang.................................................................... 71
Gambar 5.11 Penyederhanaan Rangkaian...................................................... 71
Gambar 5.12 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian Y .................................................... 72
Gambar 5.13 Rangkaian ∆............................................................................. 73
Gambar 5.14 Transformasi ∆ - Y.................................................................... 73
Gambar 5.15 Simulasi EWB Rangkaian Delta .............................................. 74
Gambar 5.16 Rangkaian Kubus...................................................................... 75
Gambar 5.17 Penyederhanaan Rangkaian Kubus........................................... 75
Gambar 5.18 Rangkaian kubus kondisi normal dengan EWB........................ 79
Gambar 5.19 Rangkaian Kubus dengan CD dan GF dihubung singkat.......... 79
Gambar 5.20 Rangkaian ekuivalen Kubus...................................................... 80
Gambar 5.21 Penyederhanaan Rangkaian...................................................... 80
Gambar 5.22 Simulasi EWB untuk rangkaian kubus dengan konduktor....... 81
Gambar 5.23 Rangkaian Kubus dengan R pada CD dan GF.......................... 82
Gambar 5.24 Penyederhanaan Rangkaian...................................................... 82
Gambar 5.25 Simulasi EWB kubus dengan resistor 10kΩ............................. 86
Gambar 5.26 Rangkaian Piramid.................................................................... 87
Gambar 5.27 Bentuk lain Rangkaian Piramid................................................ 87
Gambar 5.28 Penyederhanaan Rangkaian Piramid........................................ 88
Gambar 5.29 Simulasi rangkaian piramid kondisi normal dengan EWB....... 90
Gambar 5.30 Rangkaian Piramid dengan CE dihubung singkat..................... 90
Gambar 5.31 Bentuk lain Rangkaian Piramid dengan CE dihubung singkat. 91
Gambar 5.32 Rangkaian penyederhanaan....................................................... 91
Gambar 5.33 Simulasi rangkaian piramid dengan konduktor......................... 92
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Gambar 5.34 Rangkaian Piramid dengan C diberi R...................................... 93
Gambar 5.35 Bentuk lain rangkaian pyramid dengan C-E diberi R............... 93
Gambar 5.36 Rangkaian penyederhanaan ...................................................... 93
Gambar 5.37 Simulasi EWB rangkaian pyramid dengan resistor 10kΩ pada
hambatan CE.............................................................................. 95
Gambar 5.38 Rangkaian piramida dengan CE dan BD dihubung singkat...... 96
Gambar 5.39 Rangkaian bentuk lain dengan CE dan BD dihubung singkat. . 96
Gambar 5.40 Rangkaian penyederhanaan....................................................... 96
Gambar 5.41 Simulasi EWB dengan konduktor pada rangkaian piramid CE
dan AD...................................................................................... 97
Gambar 5.42 Rangkaian piramid dengan R pada CE dan BD........................ 97
Gambar 5.43 Rangkaian penyederhanaan....................................................... 98
Gambar 5.44 Rangkaian Penyederhanaan...................................................... 98
Gambar 5.45 Rangkaian Penyederhanaan...................................................... 100
Gambar 5.46 Rangkaian Penyederhanaan...................................................... 102
Gambar 5.47 Simulasi EWB rangkaian pyramid jika C-E dan B-D diberi R
10kΩ.......................................................................................... 103
Gambar 6.1 Rangkaian Dua pintu tipe phi.................................................... 105
Gambar 6.2 Rangkaian Dua pintu tipe T...................................................... 105
Gambar 6.3 Rangkaian tipe phi..................................................................... 110
Gambar 6.4 Rangkaian Tipe T...................................................................... 123
Gambar 7. 1 Rangkaian RLC Seri ................................................................ 137
Gambar 7.2 Rangkaian RLC Seri................................................................. 141
Gambar 7.3 Pola Lissajous beda fasa VL + VC.............................................. 142
Gambar 7.4 Diagram vektor daya R............................................................. 145
Gambar 7.5 Diagram vektor daya L.............................................................. 146
Gambar 7.6 Diagram vektor daya C............................................................. 146
Gambar 7.7 Diagram vektor daya RLC........................................................ 146
Gambar 7.8 Fasor R...................................................................................... 147
Gambar 7.9 Fasor L...................................................................................... 147
Gambar 7.10 Fasor C...................................................................................... 147
Gambar 7.11 Fasor RLC................................................................................. 148
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Gambar 7.12 Fasor R...................................................................................... 148
Gambar 7.13 Fasor L...................................................................................... 148
Gambar 7.14 Fasor C...................................................................................... 149
Gambar 7.15 Fasor RLC................................................................................. 149
Gambar 7.16 Pola lissajous VL + VC.............................................................. 150
Gambar 7.17 Diagram vektor daya R............................................................. 154
Gambar 7.18 Diagram vektor daya L.............................................................. 154
Gambar 7.19 Diagram vektor daya C............................................................. 155
Gambar 7.20 Diagram vektor daya di RLC.................................................... 155
Gambar 7.21 Fasor R...................................................................................... 155
Gambar 7.22 Fasor L...................................................................................... 156
Gambar 7.23 Fasor C...................................................................................... 156
Gambar 7.24 Fasor RLC................................................................................. 156
Gambar 7.25 Fasor R...................................................................................... 157
Gambar 7.26 Fasor L...................................................................................... 157
Gambar 7.27 Fasor C...................................................................................... 157
Gambar 7.28 Fasor RLC................................................................................. 158
Gambar 7.29 Pola lissajous VL + VC.............................................................. 159
Gambar 7.30 Diagram vektor daya R............................................................. 162
Gambar 7.31 Diagram vektor daya L.............................................................. 162
Gambar 7.32 Diagram vektor daya C............................................................. 163
Gambar 7.33 Diagram vektor daya RLC........................................................ 163
Gambar 7.34 Fasor R...................................................................................... 163
Gambar 7.35 Fasor L...................................................................................... 164
Gambar 7.36 Fasor C...................................................................................... 164
Gambar 7.37 Fasor RLC................................................................................. 164
Gambar 7.38 Fasor R...................................................................................... 165
Gambar 7.39 Fasor L...................................................................................... 165
Gambar 7.40 Fasor C...................................................................................... 165
Gambar 7.41 Fasor RLC................................................................................. 166
Gambar 8.1 Rangkaian RLC Paralel............................................................. 171
Gambar 8.2 Lissajouse Pada RC................................................................... 172
xiv
Gambar 8.3 Lissajouse Pada RL................................................................... 172
Gambar 8.4 Lissajouse Pada RC................................................................... 173
Gambar 8.5 Lissajouse Pada RL................................................................... 173
Gambar 8.6 Lissajouse Pada RC................................................................... 173
Gambar 8.7 Lissajouse Pada RL................................................................... 174
Gambar 8.8 Rangkaian RLC Paralel............................................................ 174
Gambar 8.9 Proses menggambar Lissajouse................................................. 175
Gambar 8.10 Lissajouse Kondisi Minimum................................................... 176
Gambar 8.11 Lissajouse Kondisi Maksimum................................................. 176
Gambar 8.12 Rangkaian RLC Paralel pada Modul......................................... 177
Gambar 8.13 Rangkaian penyederhanaan....................................................... 177
Gambar 8.14 Lissajouse Pada RL................................................................... 180
Gambar 8.15 Lissajouse Pada RC................................................................... 181
Gambar 8.16 Grafik Vin(a), IR(b), IL(c), IC(d), hasil perhitungan
f = 37,36 KHz............................................................................ 183
Gambar 8.17 Rangkaian RLC Paralel pada Modul......................................... 184
Gambar 8.18 Rangkaian penyederhanaan....................................................... 184
Gambar 8.19 Lissajouse Pada RL................................................................... 187
Gambar 8.20 Lissajouse Pada RC................................................................... 188
Gambar 8.21 Grafik Vin, IR, IL, IC hasil perhitungan f = 30 KHz.................. 190
Gambar 8.22 Rangkaian RLC Paralel pada Modul......................................... 191
Gambar 8.23 Rangkaian penyederhanaan....................................................... 191
Gambar 8.24 Lissajouse Pada RL................................................................... 194
Gambar 8.25 Lissajouse Pada RC................................................................... 195
Gambar 8.26 Grafik Vin, IR, IL, IC hasil perhitungan f = 95 KHz.................. 197
Gambar 9.1 Rangkaian magnetik kopling polaritas sama............................. 201
Gambar 9.2 Rangkaian magnetik kopling polaritas beda............................. 201
Gambar 9.3 Respon transien fungsi tangga(step) R-L.................................. 201
Gambar 9.4 Respon transien fungsi sinus R-L............................................. 202
Gambar 9.5 Respon transien fungsi tangga(step) R-C.................................. 202
Gambar 9.6 Respon transien fungsi sinus R-C............................................ 202
Gambar 9.7 Rangkaian R-L-C Seri............................................................... 203
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Gambar 9.8 Rangkaian R-L-C Paralel.......................................................... 203
Gambar 9.9 Rangkaian 2 pintu tipe phi........................................................ 203
Gambar 9.10 Rangkaian dua pintu tipe T....................................................... 204
Gambar 9.11 Rangkaian LPF.......................................................................... 204
Gambar 9.12 Rangkaian BPF.......................................................................... 204
Gambar 9.13 Rangkaian HPF......................................................................... 205
Gambar 9.14 Rangkaian fourier gelombang sinusoidal.................................. 205
Gambar 9.15 Rangkaian fourier gelombang kotak......................................... 205
Gambar 9.16 Rangkaian fourier gelombang segitiga...................................... 206
Gambar 9.17 Rangkaian laplace fungsi tangga............................................... 206
Gambar 9.18 Rangkaian laplace fungsi eksponensial..................................... 206
Gambar 9.19 Rangkaian laplace fungsi gergaji.............................................. 206
Gambar 9.20 Rangkaian kurva histerisis........................................................ 207
Gambar 9.21 Rangkaian natural RLC seri...................................................... 207
Gambar 9.22 Rangkaian natural RLC paralel................................................. 207
Gambar 9.23 Rangkaian superposisi sumber 1............................................... 208
Gambar 9.24 Rangkaian superposisi sumber 2............................................... 208
Gambar 9.25 Rangkaian superposisi sumber total.......................................... 208
Gambar 9.26 Rangkaian resiprositas.............................................................. 209
Gambar 9.27 Rangkaian kompensasi.............................................................. 209
Gambar 9.28 Rangkaian thevenin................................................................... 209
Gambar 9.29 Rangkaian norton...................................................................... 210
Gambar 9.30 Rangkaian Thevenin-Norton..................................................... 210
Gambar 9.31 Rangkaian magnetic kopling polaritas sama............................. 251
Gambar 9.32 Rangkaian magnetic kopling polaritas beda............................. 255
Gambar 9.33 Respon transien fungsi tangga(step) R-L.................................. 259
Gambar 9.34 Respon transien fungsi masukkan fungsi sinus R-L................. 262
Gambar 9.35 Respon transien fungsi tangga(step) R-C.................................. 266
Gambar 9.36 Respon transien masukkan fungsi sinus R-C............................ 270
Gambar 9.37 Rangkaian RLC seri.................................................................. 275
Gambar 9.38 Rangkaian RLC paralel............................................................. 278
Gambar 9.39 Rangkaian 2 pintu bentuk phi................................................... 281
xvi
Gambar 9.40 Rangkaian Dua Pintu bentuk T................................................. 285
Gambar 9.41 Rangkaian Filter LPF................................................................ 289
Gambar 9.42 Rangkaian Filter BPF................................................................ 291
Gambar 9.43 Rangkaian Filter HPF................................................................ 294
Gambar 9.44 Rangkaian Fourier Gelombang Sinusoidal............................... 297
Gambar 9.45 Spektrum Amplitudo Sinus....................................................... 298
Gambar 9.46 Spektrum Amplitudo Sinusoidal............................................... 298
Gambar 9.47 Rangkaian Fourier Gelombang Kotak...................................... 300
Gambar 9.48 Gelombang Vs Bentuk Gelombang Kotak................................ 301
Gambar 9.49 Spektrum Fourier Gelombang Kotak........................................ 302
Gambar 9.50 Rangkaian Frekuensi Gelombang Segitiga............................... 303
Gambar 9.51 Spektrum Frekuensi Gelombang Segitiga................................. 305
Gambar 9.52 Rangkaian Laplace Fungsi Tangga........................................... 308
Gambar 9.53 Rangkaian Laplace Fungsi Eksponensial.................................. 311
Gambar 9.54 Rangkaian Laplace Fungsi Gergaji........................................... 314
Gambar 9.55 Rangkaian Kurva Histerisis....................................................... 317
Gambar 9.56 Rangkaian Respon Natural RLC Seri....................................... 320
Gambar 9.57 Rangkaian Natural RLC Paralel................................................ 323
Gambar 9.58 Rangkaian superposisi sumber 1............................................... 327
Gambar 9.59 Rangkaian superposisi sumber 2............................................... 330
Gambar 9.60 Rangkaian superposisi sumber total.......................................... 333
Gambar 9.61 Rangkaian resiprositas.............................................................. 336
Gambar 9.62 Rangkaian Kompensasi............................................................. 340
Gambar 9.63 Rangkaian Thevenin.................................................................. 344
Gambar 9.64 Percobaan Thevenin tanpa RL................................................... 344
Gambar 9.65 Percobaan Thevenin.................................................................. 345
Gambar 9.66 Rangkaian Norton..................................................................... 347
Gambar 9.67 Rangkaian Norton..................................................................... 347
Gambar 9.68 Rangkaian Teorema Norton...................................................... 348
Gambar 9.69 Rangkaian Thevenin-Norton..................................................... 350
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Data percobaan rangkaian pembagi arus dan tegangan............ 7
Tabel 2.2 Data percobaan rangkaian jembatan seimbang......................... 7
Tabel 2.3 Data percobaan rangkaian jembatan tak seimbang................... 7
Tabel 2.4 Nilai resistor.............................................................................. 8
Tabel 2.5 Perbandingan Perhitungan dan Pengukuran.............................. 11
Tabel 2.6 Perbandingan percobaan dan perhitungan................................ 13
Tabel 2.7 Perbandingan percobaan dan perhitungan................................ 15
Tabel 3.1 Data percobaan superposisi 3 variasi........................................ 22
Tabel 3.2 Data percobaan Kompensasi 2 variasi...................................... 22
Tabel 3.3 Data Percobaan resiprositas ..................................................... 23
Tabel 3.4 Data percobaan superposisi 3 variasi dengan EWB................. 29
Tabel 3.5 Perbandingan percobaan teorema superposisi(sesuai teori) ..... 30
Tabel 3.6 Perbandingan percobaan teorema superposisi (tidak sesuai
teori).......................................................................................... 31
Tabel 3.7 Data percobaan Rangkaian Kompensasi 2 variasi dengan
EWB.......................................................................................... 36
Tabel 3.8 Perbandingan hasil percobaan teorema kompensasi................ 37
Tabel 3.9 Data percobaan superposisi 3 variasi dengan EWB.................. 42
Tabel 3.10 Perbandingan hasil percobaan resiprositas................................ 43
Tabel 4.1 Data Rangkaian Percobaan Rangkaian Thevenin..................... 49
Tabel 4.2 Data Rangkaian Percobaan Rangkaian Norton......................... 49
Tabel 4.3 Data Rangkaian Percobaan Ekuivalen Thevenin...................... 49
Tabel 4.4 Data Rangkaian Percobaan Ekuivalen Norton.......................... 49
Tabel 4.5 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Percobaan....................... 53
Tabel 4.6 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan, Percobaan dan Simulasi....... 58
Tabel 4.7 Perbandingan Perhitungan, Percobaan dan Simulasi
Ekuivalen Thevenin................................................................. 60
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Tabel 4.8 Perbandingan perhitungan, percobaan, dan simulasi ekuivalen
Norton....................................................................................... 62
Tabel 5.1 Rangkaian Bintang.................................................................... 69
Tabel 5.2 Rangkaian ∆.............................................................................. 69
Tabel 5.3 Rangkaian transformasi kubus.................................................. 70
Tabel 5.4 Rangkaian Transformasi piramid.............................................. 70
Tabel 5.5 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan dan percobaan........................ 72
Tabel 5.6 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan dan percobaan........................ 74
Tabel 5.7 Perbandingan nilai RAE rangkaian kubus................................... 86
Tabel 5.8 Perbandingan nilai RAB pada rangkaian piramid...................... 103
Tabel 6.1 Data tipe phi AB dihubungkan catu daya................................. 108
Tabel 6.2 Data percobaan tipe phi CD dihubungkan catudaya................. 108
Tabel 6.3 Data percobaan tipe T , AB dihubungkan dengan catudaya..... 108
Tabel 6.4 Data percobaan tipe T , CD dihubung dengan catudaya........... 108
Tabel 6.5 Tabel konversi parameter.......................................................... 109
Tabel 6.6 Nilai parameter Z...................................................................... 112
Tabel 6.7 Determinan Z............................................................................ 113
Tabel 6.8 Nilai Parameter Y...................................................................... 114
Tabel 6.9 Determinan Z............................................................................ 115
Tabel 6.10 Nilai Parameter T...................................................................... 116
Tabel 6.11 Determinan Z............................................................................ 117
Tabel 6.12 Nilai parameter t........................................................................ 118
Tabel 6.13 Determinan Z............................................................................ 119
Tabel 6.14 Nilai parameter h...................................................................... 120
Tabel 6.15 Determinan Z............................................................................ 121
Tabel 6.16 Nilai parameter g....................................................................... 122
Tabel 6.17 Nilai parameter Z...................................................................... 125
Tabel 6.18 Determinan Z............................................................................ 126
Tabel 6.19 Nilai parameter Y...................................................................... 127
Tabel 6.20 Determinan Z............................................................................ 128
Tabel 6.21 Nilai Parameter T...................................................................... 129
Tabel 6.22 Determinan Z............................................................................ 130
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Tabel 6.23 Nilai parameter t........................................................................ 131
Tabel 6.24 Determinan Z............................................................................ 132
Tabel 6.25 Nilai Parameter h....................................................................... 133
Tabel 6.26 Determinan Z............................................................................ 134
Tabel 6.27 Nilai Parameter g....................................................................... 135
Tabel 7.1 Data Percobaan.......................................................................... 139
Tabel 7.2 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Pengukuran................... 142
Tabel 7.3 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Pengukuran................... 150
Tabel 7.4 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Pengukuran................... 159
Tabel 8.1 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan frekuensi resonansi...............179
Tabel 8.2 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan frekuensi rendah................... 186
Tabel 8.3 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan frekuensi tinggi..................... 193
Tabel 9.1 Perbandingan data perhitungan dengan percobaan................... 253
Tabel 9.2 Perbandingan data perhitungan dengan percobaan................... 257
Tabel 9.3 Perbandingan antara data perhitungan dan simulasi pada
Rangkaian RL fungsi step......................................................... 260
Tabel 9.4 Perbandingan antara data perhitungan dan simulasi pada
Rangkaian RL fungsi sinus....................................................... 265
Tabel 9.5 Perbandingan antara data perhitungan dan simulasi pada
Rangkaian RC fungsi step......................................................... 267
Tabel 9.6 Perbandingan antara data perhitungan dan simulasi pada
Rangkaian RC fungsi sinus....................................................... 273
Tabel 9.7 Perbandingan antara data perhitungan dan simulasi Rangkaian
RLC seri.................................................................................... 276
Tabel 9.8 Perbandingan antara data perhitungan dan simulasi pada
Rangkaian RLC paralel............................................................. 279
Tabel 9.9 Perbandingan antara data perhitungan dan simulasi pada
Rangkaian 2 pintu tipe phi........................................................ 283
Tabel 9.10 Perbandingan hasil percobaan dan perhitungan....................... 287
Tabel 9.11 Perbandingan hasil percobaan dan perhitungan....................... 289
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Tabel 9.12 Perbandingan hasil percobaan dan perhitungan....................... 292
Tabel 9.13 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan dan simulasi.......................... 295
Tabel 9.14 Perbandingan hasil percobaan dan perhitungan Spektrum
Amplitude Sinusoidal................................................................ 299
Tabel 9.15 Perbandingan THD Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi................ 299
Tabel 9.16 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan dan simulasi.......................... 302
Tabel 9.17 Perbandingan THD Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi................ 302
Tabel 9.18 Tabel Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi............... 306
Tabel 9.19 Perbandingan THD Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi................ 306
Tabel 9.20 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi........................ 309
Tabel 9.21 Tabel Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi.............. 312
Tabel 9.22 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi........................ 315
Tabel 9.23 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi........................ 319
Tabel 9.24 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi........................ 322
Tabel 9.25 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi........................ 325
Tabel 9.26 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan dan percobaan....................... 328
Tabel 9.27 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan dan percobaan....................... 331
Tabel 9.28 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan dan percobaan...................... 334
Tabel 9.29 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan dan percobaan...................... 338
Tabel 9.30 Perbandingan hasil perhitungan dan simulasi......................... 342
Tabel 9.31 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi....................... 345
Tabel 9.32 Perbandingan Hasil Perhitungan dan Simulasi....................... 349
Tabel 9.33 Perbandingan perhitungan dan simulasi................................... 351
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