definisi toksikologi-1
DESCRIPTION
jjnTRANSCRIPT
Basic ToxicologyQ.: What is “TOXICOLOGY”?
*
the Body?
A.: A chemical may “enter” the body (= route of entry) through the respiratory tract (inhalation), the skin (dermal absorption), and the gastrointestinal tract (ingestion). It is possible for a chemical to enter the body through >1 site, and at the same time!
Hey, this information
Q.: Where Does a Chemical “GO” After Entering the Body?
A.: After a chemical enters the body, it will pass into the bloodstream and may be distributed throughout the entire body. Thus, a chemical may reach many important organ systems (ex: nervous system, kidneys, reproductive organs) in your body.
Revision, 06-30-02
Q.: How Does the Body Try to “DEFEND” Itself Against Chemicals?
A.: The body generally tries to “change” a more toxic, fat-loving chemical into a less toxic, water-loving chemical. This process is often called metabolism or biotransformation. Our liver is important for helping to make this “change”, thus creating the metabolites.
Revision, 06-30-02
Q.: How Much of a Chemical is “TOXIC”?
A.: In toxicology, it is often said that “only the dose makes the poison”. This means that any chemical (substance) can produce adverse health effects. It is only a question of “how much?” You are more likely to experience an adverse health effect as the level of exposure increases and the severity of the effect is also likely to increase. This is often described as the dose-response or concentration-response relationship.
Revision, 06-30-02
Toxicity That Might be Included on an MSDS?
A.: Two of the most common indicators (estimates) of acute toxicity are the LD50 and the LC50 (dose or concentration producing 50% lethality). LD50 and LC50 values are typically obtained from acute animal studies. These values are given in many textbooks and are often included on an MSDS.
Revision, 06-30-02
Higiene sangat luas arti dan lingkupnya
Tidak hanya berarti kebersihan saja, tetapi menyangkut segala sesuatu yang ikut memberikan andil dalam menjamin bahwa produk akhir pangan itu mencapai konsumen dalam keadaan yang paling dapat diterima dan bergizi
Higiene: ilmu sanitasi dan kebersihan dalam hubungannya dengan usaha-usaha menjaga kesehatan
Revision, 06-30-02
Sanitasi: upaya pengendalian secara terencana terhadap bahan dasar, peralatan, lingkungan produksi dan pekerja untuk mencegah pencemaran hasil olah dan terlanggarnya estetika konsumen, serta mengusahakan lingkungan kerja yang bersih, aman dan nyaman
*
the Body?
A.: A chemical may “enter” the body (= route of entry) through the respiratory tract (inhalation), the skin (dermal absorption), and the gastrointestinal tract (ingestion). It is possible for a chemical to enter the body through >1 site, and at the same time!
Hey, this information
Q.: Where Does a Chemical “GO” After Entering the Body?
A.: After a chemical enters the body, it will pass into the bloodstream and may be distributed throughout the entire body. Thus, a chemical may reach many important organ systems (ex: nervous system, kidneys, reproductive organs) in your body.
Revision, 06-30-02
Q.: How Does the Body Try to “DEFEND” Itself Against Chemicals?
A.: The body generally tries to “change” a more toxic, fat-loving chemical into a less toxic, water-loving chemical. This process is often called metabolism or biotransformation. Our liver is important for helping to make this “change”, thus creating the metabolites.
Revision, 06-30-02
Q.: How Much of a Chemical is “TOXIC”?
A.: In toxicology, it is often said that “only the dose makes the poison”. This means that any chemical (substance) can produce adverse health effects. It is only a question of “how much?” You are more likely to experience an adverse health effect as the level of exposure increases and the severity of the effect is also likely to increase. This is often described as the dose-response or concentration-response relationship.
Revision, 06-30-02
Toxicity That Might be Included on an MSDS?
A.: Two of the most common indicators (estimates) of acute toxicity are the LD50 and the LC50 (dose or concentration producing 50% lethality). LD50 and LC50 values are typically obtained from acute animal studies. These values are given in many textbooks and are often included on an MSDS.
Revision, 06-30-02
Higiene sangat luas arti dan lingkupnya
Tidak hanya berarti kebersihan saja, tetapi menyangkut segala sesuatu yang ikut memberikan andil dalam menjamin bahwa produk akhir pangan itu mencapai konsumen dalam keadaan yang paling dapat diterima dan bergizi
Higiene: ilmu sanitasi dan kebersihan dalam hubungannya dengan usaha-usaha menjaga kesehatan
Revision, 06-30-02
Sanitasi: upaya pengendalian secara terencana terhadap bahan dasar, peralatan, lingkungan produksi dan pekerja untuk mencegah pencemaran hasil olah dan terlanggarnya estetika konsumen, serta mengusahakan lingkungan kerja yang bersih, aman dan nyaman