design and r&d of very forward calorimeters for detectors at future e
TRANSCRIPT
Desig
n a
nd R
&D
of
very
forw
ard
calo
rim
ete
rs
for
dete
cto
rs a
t fu
ture
e+e
-collid
er
for
dete
cto
rs a
t fu
ture
ee
collid
er
I.B
ožović
-Jelisavčić
H
EP 2
011
Gre
noble
, Fra
nce Ju
ly 2
1-2
7 2
011
Ivan
ka
Božović
-Jelisavčić
[on
beh
alf o
f th
e F
CA
L C
ollabora
tion
]
Vin
ča I
nsti
tute
of N
ucle
ar
Scie
nces
Belg
rade, S
erb
ia
Ou
tlin
e
-R
&D
of F
CA
L
-D
esig
n, sta
tus a
nd c
hallen
ges o
f th
e forw
ard
regio
n
-D
ete
cto
rs in
th
e forw
ard
regio
n
-Lu
miC
alan
d B
eam
Calperf
orm
an
ce: sim
ula
tion
-Lu
min
osit
y m
easu
rem
en
t-
Lu
min
osit
y m
easu
rem
en
t
-E
lectr
on
iden
tificati
on
in
th
e forw
ard
regio
n
-R
ead-o
ut
ele
ctr
on
ics for
the forw
ard
calo
rim
ete
rs
-Lu
miC
alan
d B
eam
Calperf
orm
an
ce: te
st-
beam
-C
LIC
wit
hin
FC
AL
-S
um
mary
an
d fu
ture
pla
ns
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-1 -
R&
D o
f FC
AL
-FC
AL d
edic
ate
d e
ffort
to d
evelo
p
novel dete
cto
r te
ch
nolo
gie
s to
instr
um
en
t th
e v
ery
forw
ard
regio
n o
f
futu
re lin
ear
collid
er
-IL
C, C
LIC
are
in
ou
r fo
cu
s
Arg
on
ne
IFIN
Bu
ch
are
st
CE
RN
Kra
cow
AG
H-U
ST
Cra
cow
IN
P
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-2 -
-IL
C, C
LIC
are
in
ou
r fo
cu
s
-E
sti
mate
s o
f perf
orm
an
ce
ben
ch
mark
s a
re b
ased o
n t
he
Sta
ndard
Model –
con
cepts
sh
ou
ld b
e fle
xib
le t
o a
ccom
modate
LH
C d
iscoveri
es
Cra
cow
IN
P
DE
SY
JIN
R D
ubn
a
LA
L O
rsay
NC
PH
EP M
insk
SLA
C
Sta
nfo
rd U
niv
ers
ity
Toh
oku
Un
ivers
ity
Tel A
viv
Un
ivers
ity
Un
ivers
ity o
f C
alifo
rnia
, S
an
ta C
ruz
Un
ivers
ity o
f C
olo
rado
Vin
ca I
nsti
tute
B
elg
rade
Desig
n, sta
tus a
nd c
hallen
ges
On
goin
g s
imu
lati
on
s t
o o
pti
miz
e
dete
cto
r desig
n f
or
:
-pre
cis
e lu
min
osit
y m
easu
rem
en
t,
-h
erm
eti
cit
y(m
issin
g e
nerg
y, m
ult
i-je
t
fin
al sta
tes),
-ele
ctr
on
dete
cti
on
at
low
pola
r an
gle
s
(SU
SY)
Lu
miC
al
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-3 -
-assis
tin
g b
eam
tu
nin
g (fa
st
feedback o
f
Beam
Caldata
to m
ach
ine)
-sh
ield
ing t
o t
he in
ner
dete
cto
rs.
Very
forw
ard
regio
n o
f th
e I
LD
dete
cto
r
Lu
miC
al [3
1,7
7]m
rad
Beam
Cal [5
.8,4
3.5
]mra
d
Ch
allen
ges:
-Lu
min
osit
y p
recis
ion
at
perm
ille
level, m
ech
an
ical pre
cis
ion
of
the L
um
iCal
-B
eam
Cal: e
iden
tificati
on
over
the h
uge b
eam
str
ah
lun
gbackgro
un
d,
extr
em
e
radia
tion
hard
ness
(10
4/B
X low
en
erg
eti
c e
+e
-pair
s ~
10 T
eV
/B
X o
r severa
l
MG
y/year)
+ R
ead-o
ut:
hig
h in
pu
t ra
te (3.2
5 M
Hz), h
igh
occu
pan
cy
Dete
cto
rs in
th
e f
orw
ard
regio
n
Tech
nolo
gie
s:
-Lu
miC
alsam
plin
g S
iW
-B
eam
CalW
absorb
er
+poly
(mon
o)c
rysta
lin
e C
VD
dia
mon
d/G
aA
s/ra
d-h
ard
Si
-Pair
Mon
itor
2⋅1
05
Si pix
el
(0.4
, 0.4
)mm
Lu
miC
al
-sm
all M
oliere
radiu
s
O(1
cm
) –
good
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-4 -
-sm
all M
oliere
radiu
s
O(1
cm
) –
good
E r
esolu
tion
-segm
en
tati
on
(azim
uth
al/
radia
l): 48/64
-en
erg
y r
esolu
tion
: 0.2
1 [G
eV
1/2]
-resolu
tion
in
pola
r an
gle
:
(2.1
8±0
.02)⋅1
0-2
mra
d
-R
adia
tion
hard
sen
sors
-Beam
para
mete
rs m
easu
rem
en
t
-(σ
xperm
ille
level,σ
y, σ
z~ f
ew
perc
en
t)
Lu
miC
al perf
orm
an
ce:
sim
ula
tion
E
GeV
EE21
21.0
=∆
410
6.1
,8.0
−⋅
=∆
=LL
mrad
l θ
Esh[GeV]
Esh[GeV]
-Sta
ble
sam
plin
g t
erm
vs.
sh
ow
er
en
erg
y
-Lin
eari
ty o
f th
e in
tegra
ted d
eposit
ed
en
erg
y v
s.
sh
ow
er
en
erg
y
-C
ell s
ize s
uff
icie
ntl
y s
mall t
o p
rovid
e
excellen
t θ
recon
str
ucti
on
-S
table
E r
esolu
tion
wit
hin
[38, 69] m
rad
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-5 -
Lu
min
osit
y m
easu
rem
en
t αi
Bth�
Lσ
=int
B
i
cor
i�
�
Lσ
ε⋅−
=∑
exp
int
i
i
iLL
αα∆
=
∆
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-6-
-B
habh
ascatt
eri
ng is p
ure
( 9
9%
)
QE
D p
rocess.
-Cou
nti
ng e
xperi
men
t.
-H
ow
ever,
corr
ecti
on
s (an
d t
heir
un
cert
ain
ties a
re p
resen
t).
-D
om
inan
t syste
mati
cs
com
es f
rom
2-p
hoto
n p
rocess a
nd b
eam
-beam
inte
racti
on
eff
ects
[mrad]
[mrad]
Syste
mati
c u
ncert
ain
ties o
f lu
min
osit
y m
easu
rem
en
t at
500G
eV
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-7 -
* 1
00%
= U
pper
lim
it –
the s
ize o
f effect
is t
aken
as u
ncert
ain
ty
-It
is p
roven
(in
sim
ula
tion
) th
at
lum
inosit
y c
an
be m
easu
red a
t 500 G
eV
cen
ter-
of-
mass e
nerg
y a
t a p
erm
ille
level
-Most
of
the s
yste
mati
c e
ffects
can
be t
aken
as c
orr
ecti
on
s o
nce t
heir
experi
men
tal u
ncert
ain
ties a
re k
now
n (∆θ,
mis
cou
nts
du
e t
o p
hysic
s
backgro
un
d,
BH
SE
).
Ele
ctr
on
iden
tificati
on
in
th
e forw
ard
regio
n
fb~
σ
nb
~σ
250 G
eV
150 G
eV
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-8 -
-S
ubtr
acti
on
of
pair
deposit
s +
sh
ow
er
fin
din
g a
lgori
thm
= h
igh
ele
ctr
on
dete
cti
on
eff
icie
ncy
-Im
port
an
t fo
r S
M b
ackgro
un
d r
edu
cti
on
in
E-m
issin
g s
earc
hes
150 G
eV
50 G
eV
Read-o
ut
ele
ctr
on
ics for
the forw
ard
calo
rim
ete
rs
Lu
miC
al re
adou
t arc
hit
ectu
re:
•2barr
els
*
30pla
nes *
48secto
rs *
64pads
•~200 0
00
ch
an
nels
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-9 -
ch
an
nels
Fir
st
pro
toty
pes
of
all
blo
cks
alr
eady
don
e:
Silic
on
sen
sor
from
Ham
mam
ats
u,
8ch
an
nels
fron
t-en
dA
SIC
,8
ch
an
nels
10
bit
pip
elin
e
AD
C,D
ata
con
cen
trato
rim
ple
men
ted
inX
ilin
xF
PG
A
Test
Beam
DE
SYII
T0
T1
T2
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-10 -
LumiCal
-Sen
sors
pro
toty
ped a
nd c
ross-c
alibra
ted in
diffe
ren
t la
bs/C
racow
, D
ES
Y,
Tel
Aviv
-FE
an
d A
DC
AS
ICs d
evelo
ped (K
rakow
) an
d t
este
d/ C
racow
, D
ES
Y
BeamCal
-S
en
sor
pro
toty
ped f
or
diffe
ren
t te
ch
nolo
gie
s (G
aA
s,
rad-h
ard
Si)/JIN
R, S
LA
C
-Fro
nte
nd A
SIC
s d
esig
ned a
nd p
roto
typed/C
racow
Th
e fu
ll c
hain
sen
sor-
fan
-ou
t-FE
AS
ICs t
este
d a
t B
eam
22 a
t D
ES
Y I
I, 4
.5 G
eV
ele
ctr
on
s
Beam
Cal perf
orm
an
ce:
test-
beam
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-11 -
-G
aA
spla
te w
ith
Al m
eta
lliz
ati
on
: 500 µ
m t
hic
k
45 d
eg t
iles,
segm
en
ted in
to 1
2 r
ings, 5x5m
m2 p
ads
-S
/N
rati
o a
nd C
CE
are
good: C
CE
~33%
at
60V
,
S/N
~19 for
all c
han
nels
.
-4 in
depen
den
t pad a
reas s
how
iden
tical ch
arg
e c
ollecti
on
.
-H
om
ogen
eou
s r
espon
se o
f th
e p
ad s
ign
al.
-E
dges loose o
f abou
t 10%
of th
e s
ign
al.
Lu
miC
al perf
orm
an
ce:
test-
beam
Bia
sin
g a
nd p
ow
er
blo
cks
Ou
tpu
t buffers
FE
AS
ICs b
on
ded o
nto
PC
B
Sen
sor
an
d fan
ou
tglu
ed
16 s
en
sor
pads b
on
ded (300µ
m S
i, 1
.8m
m
pit
ch
, 10.5
mm
-25.5
mm
wid
e)
Readout chain
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-12 -
Sig
nal to
nois
e r
ati
o ~
19
Cro
ss-t
alk
≤ 1
%
CLIC
wit
hin
FC
AL
Lu
min
om
ete
r ph
ysic
al volu
me [36-1
09 ]m
rad
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-13 -
On
goin
g s
tudie
s:
-B
ackgro
un
d f
rom
coh
ere
nt
an
d in
coh
ere
nt
pair
s (C
ER
N)
-B
ackgro
un
d i
mpact
on
en
erg
y r
esolu
tion
(Tel A
viv
)
-Ph
ysic
s b
ackgro
un
d (
4-f
) (V
inca B
elg
rade)
+ D
esig
n a
nd c
on
str
ucti
on
of
the m
ech
an
ical
str
uctu
re for
FC
AL
(CE
RN
)
-Lu
min
om
ete
rfidu
cia
lvolu
me
[43-8
0 ]m
rad
-(I
ncoh
ere
nt)
pair
backgro
un
d
dete
riora
tes E
resolu
tion
for
1%
(20 B
X), 1
0-3
0%
fo
r 1 t
rain
(312
BX
)
Lu
min
om
ete
r ph
ysic
al volu
me [36-1
09 ]m
rad
Pre
cis
ion
requ
irem
en
ts:
Su
mm
ary
-D
esig
n o
f th
e c
alo
rim
ete
rs in
th
e v
ery
forw
ard
regio
n a
t fu
ture
lin
ear
collid
er
(ILC
) is
develo
ped a
nd o
pti
miz
ed w
ith
Mon
te C
arl
o s
imu
lati
on
s.
FC
AL d
esig
n
stu
dy is e
xte
nded t
o C
LIC
.
-S
en
sors
an
d r
ead-o
ut
ele
ctr
on
ics h
ave b
een
desig
ned a
nd p
roto
typed.
-A
ssem
ble
d p
roto
types (sen
sor-
fan
-ou
t-FE
AS
ICs) h
ave b
een
sati
sfa
cto
rily
teste
d for
both
calo
rim
ete
rs: lu
min
om
ete
ran
d t
he b
eam
calo
rim
ete
r.
-It
has b
een
sh
ow
n t
hat
lum
inom
ete
rcan
be d
esig
ned in
su
ch
a w
ay t
o m
eet
requ
irem
en
t on
lu
min
osit
y p
recis
ion
at
perm
ille
level (p
recis
ion
EW
, exte
nded
gau
ge t
heori
es, an
om
alo
us T
GC
s…
).
-It
has b
een
dem
on
str
ate
d t
hat
hig
h e
nerg
y e
lectr
on
s c
an
be e
ffic
ien
tly
dete
cte
d d
ow
n t
o v
ery
low
pola
r an
gle
s o
f a f
ew
mra
d.
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-14 -
Fu
ture
pla
ns
-O
ngoin
g p
repara
tion
of
ILC
ED
R 2
012 a
nd C
LIC
CD
R
un
til th
e e
nd o
f 2011
-FC
AL a
t A
IDA
(FP7-I
NFR
AS
TR
UC
TU
RE
S-2
010-1
):
-Desig
n a
nd c
on
str
ucti
on
of
the m
ech
an
ical str
uctu
re t
o a
ccom
modate
th
e
pro
toty
pe c
alo
rim
ete
r (d
esig
n 2012,
man
ufa
ctu
rin
g 2
013,
ready 2
014)
-M
ult
ich
an
nel (6
4) re
adou
t A
SIC
s:
desig
n s
tart
2011,
1st
pro
toty
pe
-M
ult
ich
an
nel (6
4) re
adou
t A
SIC
s:
desig
n s
tart
2011,
1st
pro
toty
pe
pro
du
cti
on
, 2012,
2n
d
2013
-C
om
ple
te p
roto
type o
f sen
sor
pla
ne 2
012
-D
AQ
: 1st
DIF
pro
toty
pe 2
011,
pro
toty
pe o
f com
ple
te D
AQ
2012,
ready
2013
-D
esig
n fix
ed -
begin
nin
g 2
013
-Pro
du
cti
on
2014
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
-15 -
BA
CK
UP
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
Lu
miC
al an
d B
eam
Cal para
mete
rs
Un
it
Ab
sorb
er
lay
er
1 X
0
mm
3.5
Air
ga
pm
m0
.1
Se
nso
r th
ick
ne
ss
+ p
ad
me
tali
zati
on
mm
0.3
20
+ 0
.02
0
Fa
no
ut
thic
kn
ess
mm
0.4
To
tal p
lan
e t
hic
kn
ess
mm
4.3
55
Un
it
14
mra
d
Gra
ph
ite
sh
ield
th
ick
ne
ssm
m1
00
Ab
sorb
er
lay
er
1 X
0
mm
3.5
Se
nso
r la
ye
rm
m0
.3
Re
ad
ou
t p
lan
e /
air
ga
pm
m0
.2
tota
l X0
int
30
x/y
/z p
osi
tio
nm
m+
24
.2/0
/±3
45
0
LumiCal
BeamCal
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
To
tal X
0in
t3
0
x/y
/z p
osi
tio
nm
m+
15
.9/0
/25
00
Rin
ne
r*(s
en
siti
ve a
rea
)m
m8
0
Ro
ute
r(s
en
siti
ve a
rea
)m
m1
95
.2
θin
ne
rm
rad
31
θo
ute
rm
rad
78
Til
tm
rad
7
Sp
ace
fo
r e
lect
ron
ics
(ou
tsid
e t
he
pla
ne
)m
m4
.5
Ma
ss o
f th
e L
CA
L (1
arm
)k
g2
11
.31
9
x/y
/z p
osi
tio
nm
m+
24
.2/0
/±3
45
0
Rin
ne
r(s
en
siti
ve a
rea
)m
m2
0
Ro
ute
r*(s
en
siti
ve a
rea
)m
m1
50
Rb
ea
m_
in*
*m
m1
5
θin
ne
rm
rad
5.8
θo
ute
rm
rad
43
.5
Til
tm
rad
7
~ W
eig
ht
of
ab
sorb
er
an
d
sen
sor
(se
nsi
tive
are
a)
kg
14
4.4
TestB
eam
DE
SY I
I
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
Ra
tes
Co
nv
erte
r
En
3m
m C
u1
mm
Cu
1 G
eV
~3
kH
z~
1 k
Hz
2 G
eV
~5
kH
z~
1.5
kH
z
3 G
eV
~4
.5 k
Hz
~1
.2 k
Hz
5 G
eV
~1
5H
z
~3
Hz
6 G
eV
~3
Hz
~1
Hz
-O
pera
tion
at
room
tem
pera
ture
Beam
Calte
st-
beam
: te
mpera
ture
depen
den
ce
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
tem
pera
ture
-Low
leakage c
urr
en
t ~200n
A
-Leakage c
urr
en
t can
be
sig
nific
an
tly r
edu
ced b
y
coolin
g u
p t
o 0
deg
Lu
miC
al Fro
nt-
En
d e
lectr
on
ics
Existing prototypes:
•8 c
han
nels
in
AM
S 0
.35u
m
•C
det
≈ 0
÷100pF (in
new
specs:
Cdet<
30pF)
•1st
ord
er
sh
aper
(Tpeak ≈
60 n
s)
•V
ari
able
gain
:
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
•V
ari
able
gain
:
–calibra
tion
mode -
MIP
sen
sit
ivit
y (~4fC
)
–ph
ysic
s m
ode -
inpu
t ch
arg
e u
p t
o 1
0pC
•Pro
toty
pes f
abri
cate
d a
nd t
este
d
–pow
er
con
su
mpti
on
8.9
mW
/ch
an
nel
–even
t ra
te u
p t
o 3
MH
z
–C
rossta
lk <
1%
Mu
ltic
han
nel A
DC
•
8 c
han
nels
of
10 b
it p
ipelin
e A
DC
•A
MS
0.3
5u
m t
ech
nolo
gy
•Layou
t w
ith
200u
m A
DC
pit
ch
•D
igit
al m
ult
iple
xer/
seri
alizer:
–S
eri
al m
ode (~250M
Hz):
on
e d
ata
lin
k p
er
all
ch
an
nels
(m
ax f
sm
p ~
3 M
Sps)
–Para
llel m
ode (~250M
Hz): o
ne d
ata
lin
k p
er
ch
an
nel (m
ax f
sm
p ~
25 M
Sps)
–Test
mode: sin
gle
ch
an
nel ou
tpu
t (m
ax f
sm
p
•S
INA
D ~
60dB
, E
NO
B 9
.7 b
it
•IN
L<0.7
LS
B, D
NL<0.6
5 L
SB
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
2.6
mm
x 3
.2m
m
–Test
mode: sin
gle
ch
an
nel ou
tpu
t (m
ax f
sm
p
~50 M
Sps)
•H
igh
speed L
VD
S d
rivers
(<=1G
Hz)
•Pow
er
sw
itch
ing o
n/off
•Low
pow
er
DA
C v
olt
age/cu
rren
t bia
sin
g
•Pre
cis
e B
an
dG
ap r
efe
ren
ce s
ou
rce
•Tem
pera
ture
sen
sor
•Th
e o
nly
exte
rnal an
alo
g s
ign
al -
refe
ren
ce v
olt
age
(diffe
ren
tial)
Lu
miC
al m
ech
an
ical is
su
es
IN S
ITU
-LPS prototype m
on
itors
Lu
miC
alas a
wh
ole
obje
ct
-O
bta
ined a
ccu
racy 0
.5µm
in t
he X
-Y p
lan
e a
nd 1
.5µm
in z
dir
ecti
on
–tw
o o
rders
4 µm for ∆L/L~10-4, ~40 µm for ∆L/L~10-3
HE
P 2
01
1I.
Božović
-Jelisavčić
of m
agn
itu
de b
ett
er
than
requ
ired
-M
eth
od for
measu
rin
g
dis
pla
cem
en
t of in
div
idu
al
sen
sor
layers
/in
ner
radiu
s
un
der
stu
dy
100 µm for ∆L/L~10-4, ~ 1.5 mm for ∆L/L~10-3
All b
y A
.Sta
hl, o
ld g
eom
etr
y [26,8
2] m
rad, 3,0
5 m
fro
m I
P