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Understanding Dharma
Hindu Basics:
Source of the word Hindu?
Sindhu? Indu Mahasagar? HimSindhu? Indu Mahasagar? Him--Dhu?Dhu?
What is Hinduism?What is Hinduism?
The term was used by the Christian missionaries. To
them it was a strange tribalism and because
Christianity was the only religion to them, any other
ideas had to be an ism so the called it Hindu-ism.
Other names?Other names?
Sanatana Dharma, Vedic Dharma, Brahminism or
Brahminical Dharma or Just DharmaDharma
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Understanding Dharma
Hindu Basics
For thousands of years of experimentationin all possible fields of human domain arebeing done by the people of Bharat (indian
subcontinent).
Bharat has a heritage that has developed agreat spiritual culture, great traditions,
unmatched artistic achievements, andgrand social, economic, political, healthand educational systems from which all
nations have learned.
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Understanding Dharma
Hindu BasicsHindu history is written with immense
contribution to the world in the field of
science, math, language and a glorioushistory of heroic valor without attacking
others. But the most important is its
knowledge of the Self and the universe in
its Vedicand Vedantictreasure houses. All
of these are part of what is called
Hinduism
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Understanding Dharma
Hindu BasicsHow the universe, a society, a system or a
being is sustained depends upon certain
principles and laws. The eternal andunchanging rules of being, becoming and
sustaining, the order that holds things
together is literally Sanatana (eternal)
Dharma (sustaining principles).
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:DharmaDharma is a Sanskrit term, which literallyis a Sanskrit term, which literally
means means that which holds togetherthat which holds together or or sustainssustainsthe natural order of thingsthe natural order of things..
It refers to the universalIt refers to the universal principlesprinciples andand lawslaws,,dutiesduties andand righteousnessrighteousness, which bring about, which bring about
peace, harmony and progress.peace, harmony and progress.
According to Dharma, religion is one ofAccording to Dharma, religion is one ofinnumerable possible paths towardsinnumerable possible paths towardsindividual aspirationsindividual aspirations
It includesIt includes morality, ethics & justicemorality, ethics & justice
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:"Dharmo hi paramo loke Dharme satyam"Dharmo hi paramo loke Dharme satyam
pratisthitampratisthitam
Dharma is supreme in the world, and truth isDharma is supreme in the world, and truth isbased on Dharmabased on Dharma The RamayanaThe Ramayana
Dharma is that through whichDharma is that through which abhyudayaaabhyudayaa
(welfare & prosperity) and(welfare & prosperity) and NihsreyasaNihsreyasa(Spiritual Greatness) are(Spiritual Greatness) are
attained."attained." -- Vaisheshika SutraVaisheshika Sutra
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:'Yatha Dharma tatha jaya''Yatha Dharma tatha jaya' -- Mahabharat:Mahabharat:
Literal meaning is "Victory Is There, WhereLiteral meaning is "Victory Is There, Where
Dharma Is'.. we can modernize and say:Dharma Is'.. we can modernize and say:'Dharma or righteous actions in tune to the'Dharma or righteous actions in tune to the
truth brings success and victory'. 'truth brings success and victory'. 'jayajaya''
means victory, glory, success etc.means victory, glory, success etc.
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:
Stephen Covey (Author of the internationalStephen Covey (Author of the international
best selling book: The 7 habits of highlybest selling book: The 7 habits of highlyeffective people): '...principles that governeffective people): '...principles that govern
human growth and happinesshuman growth and happiness -- natural laws..'natural laws..'
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:
'Dharmo rakshati rakshitah'Dharmo rakshati rakshitah': literal meaning': literal meaning
is dharma protects the protector of Dharma.is dharma protects the protector of Dharma.We can also say: 'One who follows the path ofWe can also say: 'One who follows the path of
Dharma will always beDharma will always be
sustained/safeguarded.'sustained/safeguarded.'
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:Slogan ideas:Slogan ideas:
'What is your Dharma now/today/this'What is your Dharma now/today/this
moment?'moment?'
'Understand Dharma'Understand Dharma -- Find your path'Find your path'
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:""Dharanat dharmam ityahu dharmo dharayateDharanat dharmam ityahu dharmo dharayate
praajah Yah svadharansamyuktah sa Dharmapraajah Yah svadharansamyuktah sa Dharma
iti nisch
ayah.
"iti nisch
ayah.
"The word Dharma is derived fromThe word Dharma is derived from dharanadharana oror
sustenance; Dharma sustains society; thatsustenance; Dharma sustains society; that
which has capacity to sustain, is indeedwhich has capacity to sustain, is indeed
Dharma.Dharma.
--Mahabharat, Karnaparva, 69,59.Mahabharat, Karnaparva, 69,59.
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:"Dharmadartha prabhavate Dharmat"Dharmadartha prabhavate Dharmat
prabhavate sukham Dharmena labhate savamprabhavate sukham Dharmena labhate savam
Dharmasaramidam jagaat
.
Dharmasaramidam jagaat
.
From Dharma arises wealth, Dharma is theFrom Dharma arises wealth, Dharma is the
source of happiness, through Dharma wesource of happiness, through Dharma we
attain everything, Dharma is the essence ofattain everything, Dharma is the essence of
the world. "the world. " -- Ramayana (III.9.30)Ramayana (III.9.30)
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:
""Vatthu Sahavo DhammoVatthu Sahavo Dhammo""
Dharma is nothing but the real nature of anDharma is nothing but the real nature of anobject. Just as the nature of fire is to burnobject. Just as the nature of fire is to burn
and the nature of water is to produce aand the nature of water is to produce acooling effect, in the same manner, thecooling effect, in the same manner, the
essential nature of the soul is to seek selfessential nature of the soul is to seek self--realization and spiritual elevation.realization and spiritual elevation. --
Mahavir Swami, Jain TirthankarMahavir Swami, Jain Tirthankar
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:
Taji sabh bharam bhajio paarbrahm.Taji sabh bharam bhajio paarbrahm. KahuKahuNanak attal ihDharmaNanak attal ihDharma
Renounce all your doubts, and ponder uponRenounce all your doubts, and ponder uponthe Supreme Lord. Says Nanak, this is thethe Supreme Lord. Says Nanak, this is theeternalDharmaeternalDharma --Guru Nanak, founder ofGuru Nanak, founder of
Sikh DharmaSikh Dharma
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:Dharma:Taoism:Taoism: Tao is an emblem, meaning order,Tao is an emblem, meaning order,
the whole, responsibility, efficiency. It is thethe whole, responsibility, efficiency. It is the
Responsible Efficient, Total Order, creationsResponsible Efficient, Total Order, creationsas a whole, the whole of what is, multiplicity..as a whole, the whole of what is, multiplicity..
this is from a webthis is from a web--site, not anybody's quote,site, not anybody's quote,
yet very close to the definition of Dharma.yet very close to the definition of Dharma.
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma as virtues:Dharma as virtues:
Dhritih kshama damosteyangshouca,indriyanigrahah
Dhirvidya satyamakrodho dashakamDharmalaksananam. -Manusmriti
Fortitude, forbearance, self restraint, non-
stealing, purity, control of senses,discrimination (good and bad), wisdom,
truthfulness and sense of anger are the tencharacteristics of Dharma
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:Dharma as virtues
Ahimsa satyamakrodho danaametat
caturbidhamAjatoshatro sevasva esa Dharma sanatana.
:Same as previous(Manusmriti) with the 11th
virtue Ahimsa added.- Mahabharat
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:
DhammaDhamma means (a) the state of naturemeans (a) the state of natureas it is, (b) the laws of nature, (c) theas it is, (b) the laws of nature, (c) the
duties that must be performed induties that must be performed inaccordance with the laws of nature, andaccordance with the laws of nature, and(d) the results that are derived from the(d) the results that are derived from the
fulfillment of such duties.fulfillment of such duties.-- BuddhadasaBuddhadasa
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:
"Twofold is the Vedic Dharma: Of the nature"Twofold is the Vedic Dharma: Of the natureof advancement in the world of action andof advancement in the world of action and
achievement (achievement (pravrttilaksanapravrttilaksana) and withdrawal) and withdrawal
or turning inward into the world of Spirit andor turning inward into the world of Spirit andFreedom (Freedom (NivrttiNivrtti--laksanalaksana), both of which are), both of which are
the necessary means and counterparts of thethe necessary means and counterparts of the
world, leading directly to the attainment ofworld, leading directly to the attainment of
secular welfare and prosperity (secular welfare and prosperity (abhyudayaabhyudaya))
and Spiritual Good (and Spiritual Good (nihsreyasanihsreyasa) of all beings.") of all beings."
-- Acharya Sankara (Introduction to hisAcharya Sankara (Introduction to his
commentary on Geeta).commentary on Geeta).
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:"Religion (Dharma) has made man what he is,
and will make of this human animal a God.
That is what religion can do. Take religionfrom human society and what will remain?
Nothing but a forest of brutes." - Swami
Vivekananda.
Note: Vivekananda used the word Dharma andwas later translated to religion.
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Understanding Dharma
Dharma:
"...is the manifestation of divinity already in
man. It is being and becoming, not hearingand acknowledging." - Swami Vivekananda.
DHARMA Sustenance, growth, evolutionDHARMA Sustenance, growth, evolution progress!progress!
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Understanding Dharma
Uniqueness:
The knowledge and systems are not based
on beliefs but through experiments and
experiences over thousands of years.
It is super-scientific
Modern science relies only on physical and
sensory evidences.
Dharma is based on physical, emotional,
intellectual and intuitive experiences and
needs.