fancy/fnsi/fantasy

-cies/-z/; -cied/-d/; ing (!)1 , ;fancy doing (!)

Anyone fancy a drink?

I don't fancy staying here any more.2 ()

I sort of fancy Anne.[]3 oneself; (

) as, to be (!asto be) Bob always fancies himself (as) a movie star.4 A('s) doingA,

I can't fancy her living with him.5 ; (!)

I don't fancy your chances.

fancy A (to win)A6 ; A [doing]A[]; A[] (!)

Fancy (that)!;

Fancy meeting you here!

; 7 (that)(), , ; A as [(to be)] CAC.

fncy A p [p A]A ().-cies/-z/

1 C , to, for (!) ; ()

take a great fancy to a new computer game

passing fancies

take [tickle, catch] A's fancy [the fancy of A]A

as [when, where] the fancy takes one[, ]2 U, ;

ights of fancy3 C(); (); .4 the ; , ; .5 C-cies(fancy cake).-cier; -ciest 1 , ;

a fancy French restaurant [private school][]

fancy prices2 ;

a fancy car

fancy clothes

nothing fancy3 ;

fancy footwork[]4 ,

fancy wine5 ; .6 , ; , .` drss, .` drss prty.` gods, . mn; (). pnts; . wman; .

fncily

mortuary/mrturi|-turi/-iesC; (), (morgue).

; .

1morguemorgue/mr/C

1 ; mortuary.2 (); .3 ().

quibble/kwb()l/

C, , , .

, ,

, over, about, with .qubbler

quirk/kwrk/C

1 , , .2 (), ,

by a quirk of fate3 , , .

4 ().5 ().

10-

dandelion/dnd()ln|-dil()n/

C ; .

dandelion/dndlin/

1.2 .dent de lion1.

dandelion |dandln|nouna widely distributed weed of the daisy family, with a rosette of leaves and large bright yellow flowers followed by globular heads of seeds with downy tufts.Genus Taraxacum, family Compositae: several species, in particular T. officinale, which has edible leaves.ORIGIN late Middle English: from French dent-de-lion, translation of medieval Latin dens leonis lion's tooth (because of the jagged shape of the leaves).

numriqueadjectif1 Qui est relatif aux nombres.: Une valeur numrique.2 Qui est reprsent par un nombre.: Une montre numrique.Note TechniqueLa reprsentation de lheure au moyen de chiffres mobiles est dite numrique (et non *digitale); au moyen daiguilles, analogique.

digit/ddt/C

1a. 09. ; .b.

a 10-digit calculator10c. .2 ().3 ; /(2).

diapason/dipizn/

1 , .2 , .3 .4 .

diapason |dpes()n, -z-|noun1 (also open diapason or stopped diapason)an organ stop sounding a main register of flue pipes, typically of eight-foot pitch.2 a grand swelling burst of harmony.3 literary the entire compass, range, or scope of something.ORIGIN late Middle English (denoting the interval of an octave): via Latin from Greek dia pasn (khordn) through all (notes).

if

()()()

""=, ""=, ""=

()()

--

2

4

--

bimbo/bmbo/

bimbo/bmbo/

sC1 (), .2 .

bimbo/bmbou/ s, es1 a bimbo eruption, .

2 , .3 .

bimbo/bmbou/, .

0

extensible/ikstnsbl/, extensile/ikstnsl | -sail/, .

extensible |kstnsbl, kstnsb()l|adjectiveable to be extended; extendable: an extensible architecture designed to accommodate changes.DERIVATIVES

extensibility |-sblti| noun

heed/hid/

, , .

U (!) .

py [gve] hed to Atke hed of AA, A.

heed/hd/, Heed what I say..

pay give heed to ...take heed of AAA, heed.

hdan hdjan. , . HOOD, hten

kudos/kjdos|-ds/

U // ; ,

; , for/from/to .kudos/kjdouz | kjds/. kudo.

kudos |kjuds|noun [ mass noun ]

praise and honour received for an achievement: she was looking for kudos rather than profit. informal, chiefly N. Amer.compliments or congratulations: kudos to everyone who put the event together.ORIGIN late 18th cent.: Greek.usage: Kudos comes from Greek and means praise. Despite appearances, it is not a plural form. This means that there is no singular form kudo and that the use of kudos as a plural, as in the following sentence, is incorrect: he received many kudos for his work (correct use is he received much kudos for his work).

leery/lri/

be of, about .leery/lri/-ier, -iest1of ...I am leery of his promises..

2.

leerily

parking/prk/parkU

1 ()

No parking.

a parking permit2 (parking space)

look for parking brke

brke(hand brake). `ne. garge. lght()(sidelight). lt(car park). mter. rbit() . tcket.

nseing, .

nseingly

unseeing |nsi|adjectivewith one's eyes open but without noticing or seeing anything. she gazed unseeing across the room. blank unseeing eyes.DERIVATIVESunseeingly adverb

5 10

twenty-odd years ago20

proverbial/prvrbil/ 1 (), .2 , .

proverbial/prvrbil/

1 poor as the proverbial church mouse.

2 , for ...Tortoises are proverbial for their slowness..

3 proverbial brevityproverbial warnings.

proverbially.

cageycagy/kdi/

() about ; , .

cgily

, .

cginess

cagey, cagy/kidi/-ier, -iest,

, .

cageily

cageiness

inherent/nhr()nt|-hr-, -hr-/in()herent()

, , ,

in .ly

, .

inherently/inhrntli/.

42coherent

coherent/kohrnt/

1 , , .2 be []

.3 , .4 ().

ly

coherent/kouhrnt/

1 to, with ....2 , .3.

coherently

coherent |k()hr()nt|adjective1 (of an argument, theory, or policy) logical and consistent: they failed to develop a coherent economic strategy. (of a person) able to speak clearly and logically: she was lucid and coherent and did not appear to be injured.2 forming a unified whole: the arts could be systematized into one coherent body of knowledge.3 Physics (of waves) having a constant phase relationship.DERIVATIVEScoherently adverbORIGIN mid 16th cent. (in the sense logically related to): from Latin cohaerent- sticking together, from the verb cohaerere (see cohere) .

blunt/blnt/er; est1 (sharp); ,

a blunt pencil2 (), ;

blunt criticism3 (), , (dull, slow).4

a blunt fact

1 ,

The cold reaction from the teacher blunted the enthusiasm of the students.2 , .

, .

C.

erce/frs/ ()

r; st1 , ; (), ; ()

fierce competition

have a fierce temper.2 (),

a fierce animal.3 ()

fierce cold [heat]

[].4 , .

smething ferce(),

He said he missed me something fierce..

ness

U, .

motet/mott/

C, .

motet/moutt/.

motet |mtt|nouna short piece of sacred choral music.ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French, diminutive of mot word.

diminutive/dimnjutiv/

1, , a diminutive dogbe of diminutive stature.

2.1 .2 , Jimmy James, Teddy Tedstreamlet, lambkin, , .

diminutively.

diminutiveness

radiant/rdint/radiate

more ; most 1 , ,

with Meg was radiant with joy.2 , .3 .C

1 , .2 ()(radiant point).` nergy.` hat.

begiling

; .

beguile/bl/

1 with beguile children with a story

2 with ; into doing (deceive) be beguiled into buying something3 ().

prostrtion

1 UC, ; .2 U, (); , .

prostration/prstrin | prs-/1 .2 , .3 , .4 , .

notwithstanding/ntwstnd|nt-, -w-/

(in spite of) (!) .

(however, nevertheless).

(although).

notwithstanding/ntwistndi | ntwi-/(in spite of)

Notwithstanding the danger, he climbed the mountain.Ination notwithstanding, the Government decided to spend more..

, .that.

ably/bli/

, , , .

high pointnounthe most enjoyable or significant part of an experience or period of time: the English lesson was the high point of the morning.

4 ars nova

-ars nova

14

2emulsion

emulsion

emulsion/ml()n/UC

1 , .2 .3 [](emulsion paint) .

.

emulsion/imln/1 .2.3 (emulsion paint)..

emulsive.

-sible.

comprehensive/kmprhnsv|km-/

comprehend

more ; most 1 , , (thorough)

a comprehensive list [study][]

a comprehensive guide to theaters().2 .3 ,

a comprehensive win [defeat][].4 .C

1 (comprehensive school) 11, 1618.2 s(comprehensive examination) .` insrance [plicy, cver]() .C-` (Nclear) Tst Bn Tratythe (CTBT).ly

; , .

ness

lasso/lso|ls/

.

(e)sC.

lasso/lsou/s, es, (lariat)..

lassoer

Orlando di Lasso15321594

6

-1516

pice de rsistance |pjs d rezsts, French pjs d ezists|

pice de rsistance |pjs d rezsts, French pjs d ezists|noun [ in sing. ](especially with reference to creative work) the most important or remarkable feature: the pice de rsistance of the meal was flaming ice cream.ORIGIN French, literally piece (i.e. means) of resistance.

incrported/-d/

1 ; [].2 ; (!Inc. )

Motorola Inc.

incorporate/nkrprt/s/-ts/; d/-d/; -rating

1 (), ; (include)

He was incorporated (as) a member of the association.

2 into, in ; [] with (!) Hanover was incorporated into Prussia in 1886.18863 [].4 (embody).

[] with , 1; []./nkrp()rt/; [](incorporated).

liquefy, -uify/lkwfi/liqueed natural gasLNGliqueed petroleum gasLPG.

lquefable

lquefer

liquefaction/lkwfkn/.

liquefacient/lkwfint/.

liquefy |lkwf| (also liquify)verb (liquefies, liquefying, liquefied)make or become liquid: [ with obj. ] : the minimum pressure required to liquefy a gas | [ no obj. ] : as the fungus ripens, the cap turns black and liquefies.DERIVATIVESliquefaction |-fak()n| noun,liquefactive |-faktv| adjective,liquefiable adjective,liquefier nounORIGIN late Middle English: from French liqufier from Latin liquefacere make liquid, from liquere be liquid.

wield/wld/1 wield a sword.

2 , , wield authority

wield inuence over ....

wielder

0

enumerate/njmrt/

; 11, .

enumerate/injmrit | inj-/, , .

enmertive

enumerate |njumret|verb [ with obj. ]mention (a number of things) one by one: there is not space to enumerate all his works. formal establish the number of: 6,079 residents were enumerated in 241 establishments.DERIVATIVESenumeration |-re()n| noun,enumerative |-rtv| adjectiveORIGIN early 17th cent.: from Latin enumerat- counted out, from the verb enumerare, from e- (variant of ex-)out + numerus number.

torment/trment/

s/-ts/1 UC(); () (!suering)

be in torment

2 C [][], to .3 U./trmnt/s; ed; ing

1 , with, by She was tormented by feelings of bitterness [guilt].[]2 .

edly/-d-/, ingly

torment/trmnt/

1 , by, with ...be tormented with severe back painbe tormented by one's responsibilities.

2 , by, with ...torment a person with by asking questions.

3 .//1 , , , be in torment.

2, , , , , .3.tormentum torqure-MENT

. TORQUE

crap/krp/s1 U, ; , , (rubbish); [] (!a piece of )

Cut the crap.

a bunch [load, pile] of crap[]

be full of crap2 Ua /

[][], about/from He doesn't give a crap about anybody.

take (a) crap (from A)(A) (!)

I don't need this (kind of) crap from you.()3 Ua []() (!shit, poop; pee)

take [have ] a crap.

; (!shit) .s; ped; ping

[] (!go to the bathroom [toilet, lavatory]) .

;

at .

20

Walsingham, Sir Francis |wlsm, wl-|( c.153090), English politician. As Secretary of State to Queen Elizabeth I he developed a spy network that gathered information about Catholic plots against Elizabeth I.

6--

6----

1brassbrass instrument

brass/brs|brs/es/-z/1 U, ; ,

a brass bed2 the ; ; ()(brass section).3 UC() (!U; C)

the horse brasses4 C .5 the ; ; , (top brass).6 U, .7 U

have the brass to do

(as) bld as brss, .

get dwn to brss tcks(), .` bnd .` ht.` knckles() ; knuckle-duster.` mnkeys [monkey wather]

.` nck.` plte(). rbbing().

verrching1 , .2 .

verrch/-rrt/

.

.

verrch, ..

verrching, .

surpass/srps|-ps/sur()pass()

es/-z/; ed/-t/; ing

1 ,

in (excel) Our team surpasses that team only in number.2 ,

Its beauty surpasses (all) description.

surpass expectations

surpss oneslf (!, ) .

able

comprehensive/kmprhnsv|km-/comprehend

more ; most 1 , , (thorough)

a comprehensive list [study][]

a comprehensive guide to theaters().2 .3 ,

a comprehensive win [defeat][].4 .C

1 (comprehensive school) 11, 1618.2 s(comprehensive examination) .` insrance [plicy, cver]() .C-` (Nclear) Tst Bn Tratythe (CTBT).ly

; , .

ness

comprehend/kmprhnd|km-/ (! 3)com()prehend()()comprehension, ()comprehensive

s/-dz/; ed/-d/; ing1 ()() (); wh/that[](understand) (!)

I couldn't fully comprehend what he was trying to say [the seriousness of the situation].[]2 , (include).

ingly

.

1

-

1

1

3

--

a maid; a housekeeper.

dungeon/dn(d)()n/

C(), .

dungeon |dn(d)()n|noun1 a strong underground prison cell, especially in a castle.2 archaic term for donjon.verb [ with obj. ] literaryimprison (someone) in a dungeon.ORIGIN Middle English (also with the sense castle keep): from Old French (perhaps originally with the sense lord's tower or mistress tower), based on Latin dominus lord, master. Compare with donjon.

donjon |dnd()n, dn-|nounthe great tower or innermost keep of a castle.ORIGIN Middle English: variant of dungeon.

nnermst, ..

1 U (!) ; one's

earn one's keep()2 C(),; .3 Uone's , .

triste/trist/, .

tristetriste [trist] sad dismal, drearytristeadjectif1 Chagrin, pein.: Il est triste depuis que sa copine la quitt. SYNONYME afflig; malheureux. ANTONYME gai; joyeux.2 Qui exprime la tristesse, qui nest pas gai.: Une chanson triste.3 Qui cause du chagrin.: Nous avons une triste nouvelle vous apprendre : votre copain est lhpital. SYNONYME dsolant; pnible.4 Sombre, maussade, en parlant du temps.: Les jours tristes de novembre.5 Dplorable, mprisable.: Un triste personnage, une triste affaire.

multiplex/mltplks/

1 .2 .C

1 .2 ().

er

C, .

semantic fieldnounLinguisticsa lexical set of semantically related items, for example verbs of perception.

lexical/lksikl/

1.

a lexical meaning.

2 .

lxiclity

lexically

lexical |lksk()l|adjectiverelating to the words or vocabulary of a language: lexical analysis. relating to or of the nature of a lexicon or dictionary: a lexical entry.DERIVATIVESlexicalize (also lexicalise)verb,lexically adverbORIGIN mid 19th cent.: from Greek lexikos of words (from lexis word) + -al.

31lexicon

lexicon/lkskn|lksk()n/C

1 the ; ()(); ().2 (), []; , .3 ().

lexicon/lkskn | -kn/lexica /lksk/, s1 .2the .3 .lexiknlexislgein.

LEGEND

semantic |smantk|adjectiverelating to meaning in language or logic.DERIVATIVESsemantically adverbORIGIN mid 17th cent.: from French smantique, from Greek smantikos significant, from smainein signify, from sma sign.semantic/simntik/

1 , .2 .

semantically

equestrian/kwstrin/

, , ; ; ,

an equestrian outt

C; ().

sm

U.

brigand/br()nd/

C().

chckerbard

C(chessboard, draughtboard) 64.

pattern().

[].

chckerbard

1draughtboard.2 .3..

4backgammon

diagonal

45

diagonal/da()n()l/

1 (), .2 (); ().C

1 (); .2 . clth. prking.

wtchdg2C

1 (), ().2 .

watchdog |wtdg|nouna dog kept to guard private property. a person or group that monitors the practices of companies providing a particular service or utility: the consumer watchdog for transport in London.verb (watchdogs, watchdogging, watchdogged) [ with obj. ]monitor (a person, activity, or situation): how can we watchdog our investments?

leggiero

060

-60

-

0

0

1

occlusion/kln | k-/1 .2.3, .4.5.

occlusion |klu()n|noun [ mass noun ]1 Medicine the blockage or closing of a blood vessel or hollow organ.2 [ count noun ] Meteorology a process by which the cold front of a rotating low-pressure system catches up the warm front, so that the warm air between

them is forced upwards off the earth's surface between wedges of cold air. an occluded front.3 Dentistry the position of the teeth when the jaws are closed.DERIVATIVESocclusive adjectiveORIGIN mid 17th cent.: from Latin occlus- shut up (from the verb occludere) + -ion.

4agile company

agile/d()l|dal/

1 (); ; .2 (), .3 , .

ly

agile/dl | -ail/

1 , , , awkwardbe (as) agile as a squirrel.

2 , (active)sluggish, an agile mind.

agilis agere-ilis. AGENT

agilely

agile |adl|adjectiveable to move quickly and easily: Ruth was as agile as a monkey. able to think and understand quickly: his vague manner concealed an agile mind.DERIVATIVESagilely adverb,agility |dlti| nounORIGIN late Middle English: via French from Latin agilis, from agere do.

0

1

--

-

--

--

0

3

5apochromat-

apochromat3

8achromatic lens

achromatic/krmtk/

;

an achromatic lens

achromatic/krmtik/

1

achromatic lens.

2, .3(diatonic).

pochromtic.

apochromat |apkrmat|nounPhysicsa lens or lens system that reduces spherical and chromatic aberration.DERIVATIVESapochromatic |-krmatk| adjectiveORIGIN early 20th cent.: from apo- + chromatic.

apo- |ap|prefix1 away from: apocrine. separate: apocarpous.2 Astronomy denoting the furthest point in the orbit of a body in relation to the primary: apolune. Compare with peri-.ORIGIN from Greek apo from, away, quite, un-.

chromatic |krmatk|adjective1 Music relating to or using notes not belonging to the diatonic scale of the key in which a passage is written. (of a scale) ascending or descending by semitones. (of an instrument) able to play all the notes of the chromatic scale. the master of the chromatic harmonica.2 relating to or produced by colour.DERIVATIVESchromatically adverb,chromaticism |-tsz()m| nounORIGIN early 17th cent.: from French chromatique or Latin chromaticus, from Greek khrmatikos, from khrma, khrmat- colour, chromatic scale.

chromatic/kroumtik/

1 achromaticchromatic sensation.

2the chromatic scale.

3.chrmatiks chrmat-IC. CHROME

chromatically.

chrome/krum/1 chrome green red, yellow, .

2..chrma. CHROMATIC

ChromchromeCr 2452.006

4

0

-

amalgam

amalgam/mlm/

1.2, a strange amalgam of Japanese and Western traditions.

mlagma

a stable; a (horse) barna stableman

stable/stibl/

1, , .2, , .3 .4, , , a stable of poetsballet dancers from the same stable.

shut close the stable door after the horse has bolted, ., ., .stabulum stre-bulum

. STAND, STALL

stable/stibl/

1 , a stable base.

2 , a man of stable character.

3 , stable popularitykeep prices stable.

4 .5stable nucleus.

stableness

stably

2 Fotokina2 1

1halo

4

0

--

0

scythe/si/

1 , .

2 .down, o.away/at ...through ....SCISSORS

scytheless

scythelke

scythe/sa/C(), (!) .(down, o).[].

--

--

fond/fnd|fnd/

er; est/more ; most 1 be fond of A()A, ;be fond of doing, (!(1).

(2)be fond of doing ) (like) He is (very) fond of fatty foods.()(He likes fatty foods (very much).He has a (great) fondness for fatty foods.; fondness)

Life is a tightrope, he's fond of saying.

Sue grew [became] fond of Ken. (!: one's favorite [fond] season )2

Do you have fond memories of school? (!have a good memory )3 ,

My fondest wish is that I will study English in London.()4 , .

fond/fnd | fnd/

1, , of .... grow fond of ...

I am very fond of music playing the piano..

2 , , a fond smilea fond fathersay a fond farewellhave fond memories of one's childhood.

3, , encourage fond expectations.

4, .fonnen

recount/r`knt/

(); wh.

recount/rikunt/1 , , .2 .

recountal.

exploit/ksplt, eks-/s/-ts/; ed/-d/; ing

1 a. , ;

a company that exploits children

b. (),

exploit the welfare system2 (), ;

exploit the new technology

exploit mineral resources/ksplt/Cone's/the s, ,

journalistic exploits

remnant/rmnnt/C

1 s()(), (); , , []; ,

the last remnants of the Cold War.2 (),

remnants of fabric.

by-productnounan incidental or secondary product made in the manufacture or synthesis of something else: zinc is a by-product of the glazing process. an unintended but inevitable secondary result: he saw poverty as the by-product of colonial prosperity.

grim/rm/(erce)

mer; mest1 ; , ;

grim prospects

the grim reality of her failure.2 (), , ,

a man with a grim face

with grim determination3 , ,

the grim gray building4 , (ill) (!feel, ) .5 be , .` raperthe .grmness

U; ; .

grim |grm|adjective (grimmer, grimmest)1 very serious or gloomy: his grim expression. depressing or worrying to consider: the grim news of the murder. (of humour) lacking genuine levity; black. some moments of grim humour.2 (especially of a place) unattractive or forbidding: rows of grim, dark housing developments.

unrelentingly harsh: few creatures thrive in this grim and hostile land.PHRASESthe Grim Reaper a personification of death in the form of a cloaked skeleton wielding a large scythe. he met the Grim Reaper a decade later.like (or for) grim death Brit.with great determination: we had to hold on like grim death.DERIVATIVESgrimly adverb,grimness nounORIGIN Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch grim and German grimm .

wrath/r|r/

U, , (anger);

The wrath of God descended upon them.

vessels [children] of wrath.

wrath/r | r/at ..., , , the wrath of Godthe grapes of wrath. Steinbeck632-3A soft answer turns away the wrath.151.

wroth.wrththu WROTH-TH

villain/vln/s/-z/C1 the (), (hero, heroine)

play a villain.2 , ; ; , .3 ,

You little villain!.4 the (), .

the vllain of the pece(), .

resourceful/rsrsf()l|-zs-/

, , , .

ly

ness

resourceful/risrsfl/

1 , .2 , .

resourcefully.

resourcefulness

lien/ln, lin/

C , on, against .

3uncut

uncut

nct

; ; ; .

nct

1 , , .2 , an uncut edition bookan uncut lm.

3 .4 .

's knes.

nefarious/nfris/

, , .

ly

ness

nefarious/nifris/, , , .

nefariously

nefarious |nfrs|adjective(typically of an action or activity) wicked or criminal: the nefarious activities of the organized-crime syndicates.DERIVATIVESnefariously adverb,nefariousness nounORIGIN early 17th cent.: from Latin nefarius, from nefas, nefar- wrong (from ne- not + fas divine law) + -ous.

uphold/phld/s/-dz/; -held/-hld/; ing

1 , , (support)

I uphold him in his belief.2 [], .3

uphold the living standard4 , .

puke/pjuk/

(), ()(vomit).

CU; .

puke/pjk/, , upHe really makes me puke..

s(nausea)have get the pukes.

stray/stre/s/-z/; ed/-d/; ing

1 ; , ,

from ; into, onto stray from the path

The monkey strayed into villages in search of food.

2 / , from/into, onto ; , stray from the subject [point]

stray from the faith [norm][]

I nd my mind straying.[]3 . 1 , (lost);

a stray cat

2 , , , ;

a stray customer

a stray bulletsC1 [].2

waifs and strays[]; 3 [].4 s.

swoon/swun/

1 over .2 , , (!faint) .3 .

C, (faint)

fall into a swoon

dolt/dolt/

C, , .

dltish/-/.

dltishly

propellant/prplnt/1 , .2 .3 .

03propeller

propeller/prplr/s/-z/C1 ; (), ()(prop).2 .

propeller |prpl| (also propellor)nouna mechanical device for propelling a boat or aircraft, consisting of a revolving shaft with two or more broad, angled blades attached to it.

propellers

infamous/nfms/ (! -famous/fms/)

1 , for (famous).2 , .

ly

infamous/nfms/1 , for .... FAMOUS[]an infamous townan infamous TV show.

2 , infamous deed.

3, .4an infamous oense crime.

infamously

infamousness

controversial/kntrvr()l|kn-/ (!cntrovrsial)more ; most 1 , , (), (debatable)

The Women's Liberation movement was controversial even among women.()

controversial issues such as abortion and nuclear power.2 [].

sm

ist

C, .

ly

women's movement, women's liberation, women's lib. (!)

5 Women's Lib

-woman+lib1960Women's LibLibliberation

labor-bour/lbr/()()labo(u)rer, ()laborious

s/-z/1 U(), (work); ,

save much labor(labor-saving)

manual labor()

hard labor()

lost labor

His novel was the result of years of labor.2 U(); (); ()

skilled labor()

capital and labor()()

the Department of Labor(the Ministry of Labour)

cheap labor()

casual labor

labor shortages3 U, ; , ; a

a woman in labor

go into labor

a dicult labor4 Cs/one's s, (task); s

The day's labors are over.

the labors of Hercules (!12)

the fruits [results] of A's laborsA5 L-(the Labour Party)(Lab); .

a lbor of lve().

withdrw one's lbor.s/-z/; ed/-d/; ing/-b()r/(labored, laboring)

1 / , (away) to do/

for, after I am laboring to understand what you say.

labor for peace [after wealth][]

2 / (), in/on, over, at labor in the elds

labor on the soil

labor over the nal draft of one's book

labor at a task3 (!) ;

labor up a hill [along a muddy road][]

4 , under ; labor under great diculties [a disease][]5 .

1 ()

labor [belabor] the point2 , (burden, trouble).3 one's way[].

lbor under A1 4.2 A

labor under a false impression cmp.L- Dy 91, 51; holiday.L- Exchnge(). frce.L- laders. mrket. mvement[]. pins.L- Prtythe ().` reltions. spy` . nion(trade union). wrd [rom]. frce.

make up to Brit. informal attempt to win the favour of (someone) by being pleasant. you can't go on about morals when you're making up to Adam like that.make up to ... , , . . , . MAKE up (5)

make up into .... as, for .... , with .... for ...He made up for lost time by driving fast..

to ....

dork/drk/

C(), , ; (nerd).

dork/drk/.

dork |dk|noun1 informal a contemptible, socially inept person.2 N. Amer. vulgar slang a man's penis.DERIVATIVESdorkiness noun,dorky adjective (dorkier, dorkiest)ORIGIN 1960s (originally US): perhaps a variant of dirk, influenced by dick1.

vulgar |vlg|

adjective1 lacking sophistication or good taste: a vulgar check suit.2 making explicit and offensive reference to sex or bodily functions; coarse and rude: a vulgar joke.3 dated characteristic of or belonging to ordinary people.DERIVATIVESvulgarly adverbORIGIN late Middle English: from Latin vulgaris, from vulgus common people. The original senses were used in ordinary calculations (surviving in vulgar fraction) and in ordinary use, used by the people (surviving in vulgar tongue) .vulgar

vulgar/vlr/

1 , a vulgar joke.

2 , , vulgar manners tastesa vulgar man.

3, the vulgar (crowd).

4, the vulgar viewa vulgar misconceptionvulgar beliefs.

5, the vulgar tongue, .vulgris vulgus-ris

vulgarly

heirloom/rlm/

C()[].

heirloom/rlm/

1 .2..

classic/klsk/2; class()classical

/4more ; most 1 ,

a classic example [case][]

classic symptoms of severe depression.2 (), .3 , , ; , .4 (), .5 (), .s/-s/C1 (), , ; []; ; []

classics like Casablanca

a classic of country life.2 (the) s; ()(), ; Classics; .

3 ()[].4

That's (a) classic!.5 (), .` cr 1925--42.` rcesthe 5 Derby, Oaks, St. Leger, Two [One] Thousand Guineas.` rck 1960--70; .

quirky/kwrki/

, .

qurkily

qurkiness

quirky/kwrki/-ier, -iest.

quirkily

quirkiness

ditch/dt/

es/-z/C1 , , , ; ()

dig a ditch

an irrigation ditch2 the D-.

be drven to the lst dtch.

de [be dad] in a dtch[].

de in the lst dtch.

1 [], ; [].2 ; .3 (), ; .4 , ;

He ditched his wife.5 .6 .

1 .2 .

yike/jik/.

yike(s)/jik(s)/yipe(s).

yipe(s)/jip(s)/, .

mltdwn

1 CU().2 U(); (), .

mltdwn

1 , .2 .3 .

sarcastic/srkstk/

, , .

sarcstically/-k()li/, .

sarcastic/srkstik/, -tical/-tikl/, , . IRONIC[]a sarcastic answerDon't be sarcastic..

sarcastically

crabby/krbi/

, .

crabby/krbi/-bier, -biest, .

inadequate/ndkwt/more ; most 1 / ,

; (insucient) for/to do (adequate) Voice recognition technology is inadequate for general use.

2 be , , to, for .ly

, .

dummy/dmi/-miesC1 , (fake, false).2 (), ; ()

a ventriloquist('s) dummy.3 (), (pacier).4 /, (numbskull).

5 (), , .6 (dummy hand) 1.

sll the [a] dmmy. 1 ,

a dummy pill2 ,

a dummy company, -mies; -mied; ing

, (up).

scraggly/skrli/-glier, -gliest, , , .

scraggly/skr()li/

; ; .

bow/bo/ (! -ow/o/)s/-z/C1

a bow and arrow

shoot an arrow with a bow

2 (, ); , (bow tie)

tie a ribbon in a bow3 (); (rainbow).4 ().5 ().

bw and rrowbarrow; sparrow(rhyming slang).

drw a [the] lng bow, (exaggerate); .

1 .2 , .

1 ().2 , . hnd(), ; (). lgs, O.` wndow().

bow/ba/ (! -ow/a/; bough)

s/-z/; ed/-d/; ing

1 ()(down) before, to .

2 over .3 , , (down) to They bowed to their customer's demand.

1 , , (down); be ed, under bow one's head in shame

be bowed under the heavy load2 ; /

/ (in, out) to/into/out of bow one's thanks

bow him in [out][]3 be ed(), , ; (

)(down) He was bowed (down) with grief.

bw and scrpe1 .2 , .

bw dwn to A1 1.2 A,

He won't bow down to anyone.

bw ut1 , ; of .

2 .

bw to the invitable,

Sue bowed to the inevitable and asked for his help.

C,

make [give, do] a bow to the teacher

with a slight bow

mke one's bw1 ; , .2 [].

tke a [one's] bw().

bow/ba/ (! bough)C

1 s, (stem)(stern; ship)

on the bow45

2 (), , (bowman, bow oar).

a (wrning) sht across the [A's] bws() (A).

bw(s) n, . wve .

beacon/bk()n/C

1 , ; ; []; (radio beacon).

2 / [] to, for/of .3 ; .4 () (Belisha /bl/ (beacon)).

beacon/bkn/

1 , , , .2 . . .3 (radio beacon).4act as a beacon to others.

1 , .2 beacon the shoals.

.bacen. BECKON

impired

1 , .2 (disabled, challenged)

visually[hearing, speech]-impaired[, ] (!blind, deaf, dumb) .

impair/mpr/

, , , ; (injure)

Hard work impaired his health [sight].[]

disbled

()(dierently abled, physically challenged); the ; ; (disabled people) (!)

become mentally [developmentally] disabled[]

toilets for the disableddisabled. handicapped. blind, deafvisually impaired, hearing impaired. challenged, vertically challenged()(woman).

0

jaunejaune [on] yellow

henchman/hn(t)mn/-menC, (); , , [](follower).

henchman/hntmn/-men1 , , , , .2 , .3.

dice/das/ (!dicedie, dice)1 C

throw [roll] the dice[]2 U[], .3 ().

a lst [dsperate] thrw of dce[].

n dce, , .

The dce are laded against A.()A

.

1 (up).2 (away).3 . / [],

with/for .dce with dath, .

jock/dk|dk/C

1 ().2 jockey.3 jockstrap.4 disk jockey.

jock/dk | dk/

1.2jockey1.3disk jockey.4 jockstrap.

Jock/dk | dk/

1 j-. (Scots Guard).2 .

4initiation

intitionCU

1 ()[]

into ; [] initiation ceremonies.

2 the , of .3 .

initiation/iniin/1 , , , , into ....2 .3 , , of ..., .

embodiment/mbdimnt|-bd-/

Cthe ()[], ; U, ; .

trait/tret|tre/

s/-ts/C1 (), , (!)

personality [character, physical] traits[, ]2 a of AA, A.

vigilant/vd()l()nt/

[](watchful); , , ;

keep a vigilant guard over AA.

ly

, , .

nuisance/njs()ns/ (! -ui-/ju/)

s/-z/1 Ca [, ],

Sorry to be a nuisance.

Is he being a nuisance?

It's a nuisance having to nish this work.

What a nuisance! I've forgotten the key.,

make a nuisance of oneself

, 2 CU[]

be charged with causing a public nuisance

abate a nuisance

Commt no nisance.; . cll. tx[]. vlue()[], .

preposterous/prpst()rs|-ps-/

, , (absurd); .

preposterous/pripstrs | -ps-/

1 , , a preposterous ideapreposterous tries.

2 .praeposterus prae-posterus. POSTERIOR

preposterously

preposterousness

1

-

03

1dub

dub/db/s; bed; bing

1 [], as .2 ()(accolade).3 ().4 ().

C().

dubs; bed; bing

1 into The lm was dubbed into Spanish.

2 (in); .3 [], .

1 U, [].2 U.3 C, .

strife/straf/strive

U1 , , , (conict); , ,

be at strife with the country

family strife

political [civil] strife[]2 , (trouble)

Now I'm in strife.

strife/strif/1, , (conict), , , , ,

, , political strife.

2, .strifestrif. STRIVE

confess/knfs/con()fess()()confession

es/-z/; ed/-t/; ing

1 to (admit1a, give1(5)(c)); confess (to A) (that)(A)[]; (say1a)

confess one's love

He confessed (to me) that he had lied.().2 ; (that); oneself (to be) CC

confess oneself (to be) ignorant [one's ignorance]3 ,

to ; .4 .

1 () to ; confess to A/to doingA[][];

confess to a crime

He confessed to having stolen the money.

2 ,

to ; .I (mst [hve to]) confss (!, )

I must confess that I have little idea of what I did yesterday.,

fret/fret/s/-ts/; ted/-d/; ting1 , (worry),

about, over, at, for Don't fret, Dolly. We've made our peace., .

Fret not! Don't fret about it.

fret over the what-ifs2 , ; []

into, at .3 .

1 , , ; that.2 (), []; ,

a coast fretted by erce Atlantic waves

3 .

Ca , (irritation), , , (worry)

in [with] a fret[]

fret

C()().s; ted; ting

.

fret

C() .s; ted; ting

.

atrocious/trs/

1 , (terrible).2 , (cruel).3 .

ly(cruelly); .

nessU, .

atrocious |trs|

adjectivehorrifyingly wicked: atrocious cruelties. of a very poor quality; extremely bad or unpleasant: he attempted an atrocious imitation of my English accent | atrocious weather.DERIVATIVESatrociously adverb,atrociousness nounORIGIN mid 17th cent.: from Latin atrox, atroc- cruel + -ious.

transcript/trnskrpt/C

1 [], , .2 ().3 , , .4 , (copy).

polarity/polrti/-ties1 UC()(), .2 Ua (), , ; .

semblance/smblns/Ua 1 , , , , (appearance)

in semblance[]

under the semblance of AA

bear the semblance of an angel

2 ; , ; [] of restore a semblance of order to a town

stance/stns/Ca/one's

1 (), on take a tough stance on Europe2 (), (); ; (),

an open [a closed] stance[]

crouch into a ghting stance

5stray sheep

stray/stre/s/-z/; ed/-d/; ing

1 ; , ,

from ; into, onto stray from the path

The monkey strayed into villages in search of food.

2 / , from/into, onto ; , stray from the subject [point]

stray from the faith [norm][]

I nd my mind straying.[]3 . 1 , (lost);

a stray cat2 , , , ;

a stray customer

a stray bulletsC1 [].2

waifs and strays[]; 3 [].4 s.

solemn/slm|sl-/ (! -mnn)

er; est/more ; most 1 , ; , ,

with a solemn expression on his face

make a solemn promise2 , (![]

; grave) ; , []

a solemn ceremony

The band played solemn music.3 , .4 , .5 .S-` Mss ((Solemn) High Mass).

ness

U, .

1solemn

degenerate/ddnrt/

1 / , , from/into .2 ; [].

/ddn()rt/, ./ddn()rt/C; (); .

ly

ness

msguded/-d/

, ; .

ly

misguded, It was misguided of him to do ....

misgudedly

misgude, , .

misgudance

blodshd

U; (), .

furious/fjris/more ; most 1 be /// ,

, with/at, about/that /to do be furious at AA

He got furious that I was leaving.2 , ; ,

a furious attack

a furious argument

be in a furious hurrygo at a furious pace [with furious speed]

fst and frious, ; ,

The pace is fast and furious in the city..

ness

Furiae

despise/dspz/de() spise()

s/-z/; d/-d/; despising

,

(look down on) for (!) He despises Ann for cheating.

I despised myself for my failure.despiselook down on, scorndespise, look down on , scorn.

windy/wndi/wind

-ier; -iest1 (windless)

It is windy.

a windy day2 ,

a windy rooftop3 (), ; .4 ().5 be (nervous).6 (), .W-` Cty

the IllinoisChicago.wndily

, .

wndiness

scathing/sk/

, ,

about .scathing/skii/

1 , .2 , .

scathingly

scathe/ski/1 .2, ., , do scathe.

symmetric-rical/smtrk//-rk()l/ (!2)

1 [](asymmetric(al)).2 [](balanced).

symmetrical/simtrikl/, -ric/-rik/

1 , .2symmetrical curves.

3, , , , .

symmetrically

symmetricalness

aspheric/eisfrik/.

aspherical |esfrk()l|adjective(especially of an optical lens) not spherical.DERIVATIVESaspheric adjective,aspherically adverb

6 20, by the scorea score of years20four score and seven years ago87LincolnGettysburg Addressthree score years and ten70.

Gttysburg Addrssthe 18631119LincolnGettysburggovernment of the people, by the people, for the people.

crook/krk/3

s/-s/C1 , , .2 , ; the (); ()

the crook of the arm [leg][]3 ; (hook); ().

1 ().2 .

.

1 be on go crook; .2 be , .3 [].

swift/swft/()swiftly

er; est

1 ; , (fast)

take swift and decisive action

a swift response2 (),

with a swift motion [movement]

a swift current

He is a swift runner.He is swift of foot.

3 be to do, in doing ; to be swift to decide

be swift to anger4 ,

She's not too swift..er; est,

a swift-ying swallowC

1 .2 .3 (), .

Swift/swft/

Jonathan , 1667--1745; .

procreate/prukriit/1 , .2 , ..

prcretive

prcretor

prcretion

3 con moto

frocefroce [fers] fierce horribleerce/frs/ ()

r; st1 , ; (), ; ()

fierce competition

have a fierce temper.2 (),

a fierce animal.3 ()

fierce cold [heat][].4 , .

smething ferce(),

He said he missed me something fierce..

ness

U, .

precipitancy/prisptnsi/

1, .2-cies, . precpitance

precipitant/prisptnt/

1 .2 , , , .3 , ..

precipitantly

--

-

3

yesre

C[], ().

eyesore |s|nouna thing that is very ugly, especially a building. the office crumbled into an eyesore.

end/nd/C

1 , [].

2 ; , ; at ; .3 .

end/fnd/

1 , , (demon)the F-, (Satan)(the Devil).2 , You end.

3, .4a drug end.

5 , , , at ...a television enda end at tennis.

fondfogan-ond. FRIEND

fiendlke

nvermre(never again). PoeThe Raven(1845).

sup/sp/s; ped; ping

.

[](sip).

sip.

sup

(dine).

.

sup.superior; superlative.

intellectual/`nt()lktu()l, ---`--/intellect

1 , , ;

an intellectual challenge

intellectual development

intellectual ability2 more ; most , , (!, )

an intellectual elite()s/-z/C, , .` hstory.` prperty

intellectual property rights

ly

; ; .

thwart/wrt/

, ;

in .

C(), .

thwart/wrt/1, , , be thwarted in one's ambitions.

2.1 .2 .1.2.3 , ..

enroll-rol/nrl/s; enrolled; enrolling

/ [], in, at, for, on/as

Tom enrolled at [in] Columbia University.

I enrolled in dancing classes.

1 .

2 [] in (!) .enrlled nrse, .

ing clors, pass a test with ying colors.

Faunus

faun/fn/

CF- ; satyr.

Faunus/fns/Pan.

satyr/str|st/C

1 (faun) .2 /(goat).

satyr/sitr | st-/

1Bacchusfaun.2.3(satyr buttery). satyric.

stride/strad/s/-dz/1 C, , ; U[],

She crossed the road in seven strides.She took seven strides to cross the road.7

move at full stride()2 s

make great [big, giant] strides (in A)(A)3 C(), , ; .4 Cs(trousers).

ht [gt into] one's strde, ().

(match A) strde for strde()(A[]).

pt A off A's strdeA.

tke A in (one's) strde

A, .

without braking strde, ; , .s/-dz/; strode/strod/; stridden/strd()n/; striding (!)

1 , , (along) Bob strode out of the store.

2 across, over .

1 , .2 .3 .

with (ll) de respct =with (the gratest) respct, (!)

With all due respect, I don't think so.,

feisty/fsti/

; ; .

feisty/fisti/-ier, -iest, , , .

haven/hv()n/C

1 , (shelter) for, of Schools are no longer a safe haven for kids.2 (harbor).

shady/di/

1 () (!) .2 .3 , ; , .

on the shdy sde of AA.

shdily

shdiness

typically/tpk()li/type

more ; most 1 , , (normally)

Typically, foreign students study harder than Japanese students., .2 , (characteristically);

features typically found on high-end models

().

cackle/kk()l/

1 ()[]

cackle with laughter2 ; ().3 [].

1 C().2 UC().

cckler

C.

pest/pest/3

s/-ts/C1 ,

pest control2 (), , (nuisance).3 , .

salutation/sljt()n/

1 C() (!Dear Sir, Dear Mr. James, Ladies and Gentlemen) .2 CU[].

salutation/sljutin/1 The boy waved his umbrella in salutation..

2 saluteDear SirLadies and Gentlemen.

salutational

salutationless

rodent/rd()nt/

C .

1 .2 .

0

-

docile/dsl | dusail/, , a docile child.

docilely

docile/ds()l|dsal/

, , ; .

ly

oblige/bld/ob()lige()()obiligation

s/-z/; d/-d/; obliging

1 be d ,

, to do (!) The workers are obliged by law to wear a hard hat.

I felt obliged to leave the room..2 , ;

, with, by (obliged) He obliged fans with a tour [by signing autographs].[].

/ , , with/to do ;

We are happy to oblige..

forfeit/frft/

, .C

1 ()[]().2 , .

forfeit/frt/

1, , , , pay a forfeit.

2, the a forfeit of one's civil rights.

3 s.

(1)., , , , , forfeit one's driver's license freedomforfeit one's life.

to ....

forfeitable

forfeiter

1 lam

lame/lem/

r; st1 ;

in (disabled) go lame2 , , .3 .4 .5 ; ; , .

be d[].` dck

1 []; [][]; .2 , ; [].3 .

lmeness

U; .

lam/lm|--/

U (!gold, silver) .

colossal/kls()l|-ls()l/ 1 ; , ; .2 , .3 ()2.

ly

colossal/klsl | -ls-/

1 (gigantic)a colossal nosea colossal scheme.

2 .3, a colossal liar.

kolosss-AL

closslity

colossally

colossus |klss|noun (pl.colossi |-s| or colossuses)a statue that is much bigger than life size. two statues known as the Colossi of Memnon. a person or thing of enormous size, importance, or ability: the Russian Empire was the colossus of European politics.PHRASESbestride something like a colossus totally dominate a place or area of activity: he bestrode French cinema like a colossus. the Hapsburg empire had bestrode Europe like a colossus.ORIGIN late Middle English: via Latin from Greek kolossos (applied by Herodotus to the statues of Egyptian temples).Colossus336

colossus/klss | -ls-/-si /-sai/, es1 .2the C-Rhodes36mApollo. the Colossus of Rhodes. SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD3 .

perk/prk/

1 ; ; (up).

2 ; (up).

1 , (up).2 , .

3 be ed/ oneself(up, out); , (up) with .perk

perquisite.

perk

percolate.

perquisite/prkwzt/C1 []; (perk).2 (), , .

percolate/prklt/

1 [](down) through .2 (down)(lter) through .3 .4 , .

; .

prcoltion

immnsely

1 , , (greatly)

He was immensely pleased.2 , , ; .

clamor-our/klmr/

U1 (), ;

the clamor of the crowds

the clamor of excavation.

2 / , , for/against .

1 // ()

, for/against/to do clamor for gun control

Everybody is clamoring to know the truth..2 (), , .

1 A into doingA[]; A out of doingA.

2 (down); (out)(say1a).

exasperate/zsprt, -zs-/

1 (), .2 .

exasperate/izsprit/1 at, by .... IRRITATE[]be exasperated at by a person's behavior.

2 to ...exasperate him to desperation.

3, exasperate enmity.

exaspertusex-asper

irritate/rtit/1 , , His nervous gestures irritate me.., irritate. frustrate, exasperate.

2,

Too much make-up may irritate the skin..

, , .irrittus irrre-ATE

rrittor

doily/dli/-liesC1 , .2 ().

doily/dili/, .1 .2 .

had over helshels over had1 , .2 , .

preach/prit/

es/-z/; ed/-t/; ing

1 //

to/about, on/against preach about Christ's love

2 //

; , to, at/about/against preach to the public about the role of the father in a family

rarely preach to one's kids

Don't preach to me.

preach against drug tracking.

1 ,

preach the gospel.

2 , to preach communism

preach an anti-smoking message to school children.3 (that), .

4 to ; ().prachment

UC; .

necessity/nssti/ (! 2)necessary

-ties/-z/

1 U // () of, for/of [for] doing, to do/that

(need1) (!thatshouldshould7)

be under the necessity of doing,

be faced with the necessity of preventing [to prevent] global warming

out of [through, from] economic necessity

by necessity rather than choice

Necessity is the mother of invention.

2 C-ties , , of, for the basic [bare] necessities of life [for living]

A car is an absolute necessity for many people today.3 UCa (); ()

Public funds are a regrettable necessity to restore the economy.

as a necessity, 4 U(), (poverty)

steal by necessity

by [of] necssity1 1, 4.2 , .

nrthodx

1 , , ; .2 ; .

tchnically

1 , [].2 , .

technically/tknikli/

1, (strictly speaking), Technically, I'm supposed to hand in receipts for expenses, but in reality I never do., .

2 , a technically accomplished violinist.

stilt/stlt/C

1 s.2 s()[].3 .

[].

pansy/pnzi/

-siesC1 , ()(love-in-idleness) .2 ; , .

pansy/pnzi/ -sies1 , .2., , .pense, . PENDANT, PENSIVE

1pansy20 310-3

awkward/kwrd/

more ; most 1a. , ;

We feel awkward when we're not speaking.

It is awkward to leave early without a reason.

an awkward silence [smile][]b. , ,

Don't worry if you're awkward at dancing.

I'm awkward with chopsticks.2 , ; ,

The problem put me in an awkward position.

an awkward question

The bag is too heavy and awkward to carry.3 []

arrive at an awkward time4 ,

an awkward customer[]

the awkward age (!)

-punch ball

date/det/, Data([])

s/-ts/1 C(); () (!April)

What's the date (today)?What date is it today?What's today's date? (It's) the tenth of July [July (the) tenth].710 (!It'sToday is; day)

What's the date on Saturday? (It's) the twenty-third.23

date of birthbirth date

2 C, , of, for set a date for the meeting

specify the delivery date

the closing date

an expiration [expiry] date[];

3 C with I'm going (out) on a date with Kate Saturday night.

have [do, make] a date with AA

ask Mary out on a date

a double date.4 Cone's

take one's date to a fancy restaurant

Would you like to come to the party as my date?

5 C with (!appointment)

Let's make a date next Monday.6 UC(), ; .7 s().

at a lter dte.

out of dte[], (up to date; out-of-date)

This system is already out of date.

to dte, (until now), (!) .

p to dte[], (out of date; up-to-date)

keep [bring] the computer system up to date[].s/-ts/; d/-d/; dating

1 []; be d CC

The newspaper was dated January 17, 1998.

1998117

2 [] to, at The remains were dated to [at] 3000 years ago.3000

carbon dating3

I've dated a French man.4 ([]);

That dates you.

1 .

2 (go out(2))

We've been dating for about a month.1

3 from .4 [].

dte bck to AA

The tradition dates back to the fourteenth century.14

dte from A1 3.2 A. lne. rpe ; acquaintance rape. stmp

stmp, .

date

C(date palm); .

pedestal/pdst()l/

C(), ; 1.

knck A off A's pdestalA, .

pt [plce, st] A on a pdestal()A, .

nrvously

, ; .

nervous/nrvs/

1 , , , , about, of ...walk with nervous hastebe feel nervous about ...I am nervous about of the consequences.I got nervous when I was suddenly called on to make a speech..

nervous, anxious

.2 , nervous exhaustionsuer from nervous indigestion.

nervously.

nervousness, .

transpire/trnspr/

1 it s that,

It transpired that the situation was more problematic than we expected.2 (happen, occur).3 [];

Moisture transpires through the skin.

.

discreet/dskrt/more ; most 1 ; /()

, about/in (doing) You are discreet and independent in many ways.

follow at a discreet distance

She was discreet about her wealth.2 ,

a discreet diamond ring

ly

; ; .

bravado/brvdo/

(e)sU, , ().

bravado/brvdou/es, s, out of bravado.

bravadabrav-ADE.

wive/wiv/, ., .

wivern/wivrn/wyvern.

wyvern/wivrn/.

wyvern/wvrn/

C, 2; .

amphitheater-tre/mftr|m`t/C

1 ()[, ](Colosseum); ().2 ().3 .4 .

canine/knan/

(), .C

1 .2 (canine tooth).

cong/knei | kn-/, -gee/-di/one's

1 make take one's conge.

2 .3

give a person his congeget one's conge.

4.

congregate/krt|k-/

([])[], [](gather)./-t/, .

congregate/kriit | k-/, Jazz musicians congregate in the park and give free concerts..

, , ./krit | k-/1 , .2 , congregate housing.

congregtus con-grex-ATE. SEGREGATE

interrogate/ntrt/

1 (); , , (question).2 .

intrrogtor

mnacing

, .

menace/mns/()

s/-z/

1 CU ([]), (threat) to Heroin has become the new menace to society.2 U,

Matthew warned me with an air of bitter menace in his voice.3 C[][](nuisance)

That boy is a menace!.4 s, ,

demand money with menaces

, ; ,

(threaten) with .

, .

static/sttk/

1 (), , ; , (dynamic)

Import prices are static.2 ;

static clingU

1 ; ()

Thunder causes static in radios and telephones.2 (static electricity).3 (), .

static/sttik/sttical1 , , dynamic.2 a static sociologya static state.

3, .1 (static electricity). .2, , , .

statically

deputy/dpjti/-ties/-z/C1 D-, ; , ; ;,

2

Jane acted as his deputy while the manager was away.

the Deputy Foreign Minister2 (), .3 (deputy sheri).4 .

by dputy, .` lieutnant.

custody/kstdi/U

1

a. (), ; of (!)

The mother has custody of her child.

a custody battleb. (), , ;

The jewelry was in the custody of the police.2 (), , (!)

The suspects are now in custody.

He was taken into custody on suspicion of terrorist acts.

[]

0

actuate/ktut/

1 [], .2 be d,

by ; to do .ctution

ctutor

actuate |aktet, -tj-|verb1 [ with obj. ] make (a machine or device) operate: the pendulum actuates an electrical switch.2 make (someone) act in a particular way; motivate: the defendants were actuated by malice.DERIVATIVESactuation |-e()n| noun,actuator nounORIGIN late 16th cent.: from medieval Latin actuat- carried out, caused to

operate, from the verb actuare, from Latin actus (see act). The original sense was carry out in practice, later stir into activity, enliven; sense 1 dates from the mid 17th cent.

semper delis/smpr dilis/(always faithful).

semper paratus/smpr prits/.

homogeneity/hmdnti/

U, , (uniformity).

homogeneity/humdnti | hm-/, cultural homogeneity.

homogeneous/humdnis | hm-/

1 heterogeneousa homogeneous nation.

2a homogeneous equation. homogenous /hmdns/

homogeneously.

homogeneousness, -neity

Antarctica/ntrktk/

.

24096

0

transmission/trnsmn | trnz-/

1, , , , transmission of news.

2, a manual transmission.

3, .4.5.

transmissive

persecute/prskjt/ (! 1)per()secute()

s/-ts/; d/-d/; -cutingbe ed1 ()

, (oppress), for ;

the persecuted race

He has been persecuted for his religious belief.

2 , with, by persecute A with questionsA

Minnesang1214

troubadour

54 troubadour

chaste/test/

1 ().2 .3 , , .

ly

ness

chaste/tist/chaster, chastest1(virtuous).2 , .3

.

chastely

chasteness

nrequted/-d/

unrequited love

0

treatise/trts|-tz/

C () on .treatise/trtis/, on, upon ...a treatiseon lung disease.

1Ovid

Publius Ovidius Naso4317

Umayya 6617507561031

Damascus-6617501451992

excelsior/ekslsir, k-/

! New York.U

1 .2 ;

.

excelsior/ikslsir | ekslsi/./ikslsir | ek-/ .excelsus. EXCEL

excelsior |ksls|noun1 used in the names of hotels and products to indicate superior quality: they stayed at the Excelsior.2 [ mass noun ] N. Amer.softwood shavings used for packing fragile goods or stuffing furniture.ORIGIN late 18th cent. (as an exclamation): from Latin, comparative of excelsus, from ex- out, beyond + celsus lofty.

roundabout/rndbt/s/-ts/C1 , (trac circle, rotary)

drive round a roundabout2 , (merry-go-round, carousel).more ; most 1 ,

take a roundabout route2 ,

in a roundabout way,

2commerce

commerce/kmrs|km-/ (! 1)com()merce()()commercialU

1 , (), ; ()(trade 1)

international [domestic] commerce[]

a Chamber of Commerce() (!) .2 (), .3 .C- Deprtmentthe () . scretaryC- S-().

commerce/kmrs | kms/1 (business), (trade)foreign international commercedomestic internal commercethe Department of Commerce.

2, .3.commercium com-merx-ium

strata/strt|strt/

1 stratum.

2 stratum.

stratum/strtm|strtm/-ta/-t/, sC1 ().2 .3 ()(layer)

have many strata of meaning

precedent/prsd()nt/s/-ts/

1 CU() , ; for, of There is no precedent for this sort of art.

set [create] a precedent

follow the precedent.2 U,

break with [depart from] precedent.

precedent/prsd()nt, prsd()nt/

, , to .

4liability

liability/lblti/liable

-ties/-z/

1 U / () for/to do ; ; (!responsibility, )

liability to pay a debt

accept [assume] no liability for damages

employers' liability

limited [unlimited] liability()[]2 -ties, (assets)

meet one's liabilities

assets and liabilities3 C; [][],

He is more of a liability than an asset to the team.

4 U to , to do liability to error [make mistakes] insrance().

liable/l()b()l/

more ; most 1 be liable to do, , (!likely; apt)

be liable to catch cold

Those buildings are liable to ood.

2 be / () to do/for (responsible) be liable for [to pay] a debt

hold oneself liable for AA

3 be to be liable to seasickness4 be ,

(subject) to, for ; / to do/to be liable to duty [for tax]

be liable to penalty [a ne][]5 be to do [to A][A](likely)

I am liable to go with him.

ness

0

2

5

5

4

embark/mbrk/em()bark()

s/-s/; ed/-t/; ing

1 (go on board) on (disembark); / for/from embark for Kobe

2 , on, upon embark on a new life

1 , .

2 in .

0

14521510

0

currculum vtae/viti/curricula vitae /krkjul/

CV.course of life

curriculum vitae |vit, vti| (abbrev.: CV)noun (pl.curricula vitae |-l| )a brief account of a person's education, qualifications, and previous occupations, typically sent with a job application. send a curriculum vitae and the names of two referees.ORIGIN early 20th cent.: Latin, course of life.

cultivated/kltvitid/

1 , cultivated land.

2 a cultivated taste.

cultivate/kltvit/1 , , cultivate the wilderness.

2 cultivate roses oysters.

3 , .4 cultivate the acquaintance of ....

5 .

6 .cultivtuscolere-IVE-ATE

3

10

1874778

-

4 boulevard

boulevard/blvrd|bl-/

C(); ()(Blvd., Blvd, blvd.) (!B-)

Sunset Boulevard()

boulevard/blvrd | blvd/Blvd..bolivercbollewerk WORK. BULWARK

bulwark/blwrk/

1 , (breakwater)against ....2 , ,

of ....3s., .bolwerk bolle-WORK

cannonball

bailbale

, (out).(out).bil A ut [ut A]A (), (bailout).

bil ut of [from] A1 A.2 A ().3 A.

C .

biler

3add on

5 add-on loan

dd-n, .1 , .2.

petroleum/ptrlim/

U

liqueed petroleum gas, LP` jlly

, LP` jllyVaseline.

3petroleum

0Vaseline

Vaseline/vsln/

U v- .