B Y T TRNG I HC DC H NI PHM THANH TRNG IU TRA CY THUC C NGI SN CH S DNG X THANH LM, HUYN BA CH, TNH QUNG NINH KHA LUN TT NGHIP DC S H NI - 2013 B Y T TRNG I HC DC H NI PHM THANH TRNG IU TRA CY THUC C NGI SN CH S DNG X THANH LM, HUYN BA CH, TNH QUNG NINH KHA LUN TT NGHIP DC S Ngi hng dn: 1. Th.S Phm H Thanh Tng Ni thc hin: 1. B mn Thc vt Trng i Hc Dc H Ni H NI - 2013 Li cm n Ti xin chn thnh gi li cm n ti:PGS. TS. Trn Vn n, ngi thy t ti ln vai, cho ti mt tm nhn mi, to iu kin cho ti lm nhng vic cha tng c lm, i nhng ni cha tng c n. Thy cng l ngi truyn tnh yu vi thc vt cho ti t nhng ngy u tin. ThS.PhmHThanhTng, thylgiovinhng dn v cng nhit tnh ca ti, ngi khi dy nhit huyt vi thc vt dn tc hc, ngi ch bo ti tn tnh t bui u tip xc vi nhip nh v l ngi vch cho ti nhng hng sng to v gi. DS.NghimcTrng,ngichotithy tinh thn lm vic v cng hin cho khoa hc m c bit l phn loi thc vt phi nh th no.ng thi anh cng gip ti nhn mi th trong ton cnh vi mt thi hi hc him c. TS.NguynQucHuy, nu khng c thy th ti khng th c nhng tiu bn hon chnh, thy cng ch ra cho ti thy c hi hc tp ln nh th no khi x l mt lng ln tiu bn.TS.HongQunhHoa, ThS. VVn Anh, cng cc ch Hng KTV, ch Hnh KTV, ch Thoa KTV, ch Ho KTV lun khin ti cm thy b mn thc vt nh ngi nh th hai.TS.ngThHoa, Vin Dn tc hcTrungng.Cgip ti rt nhiu trong nhng bc u tin tm hiu v vn ha ca ngi Sn Ch ti c c thun li v cng ln khi tin hnh iu tra ti cng ng. DS.NguynThCng, DS.MaiThnhTrung ca Phng D n, Cng ty Dc khoa, cc anh l nhng ngi khng ngi gian kh gip ti i li a im nghin cu v nu khng c cc anh th ti khng th hon thnh cng vic iu tra a phng. DS.LThVn,DS.NguynThThuHng, cc em sinh vin K65: L MinhHngAnh,PhmLH,VThThyHng,NguynQuHong, Nguyn Th Qunh Th, Nguyn Th Hng, Nguyn nh Dn, Bi Anh c, LngKimChi, nhngngigip ti rt nhiu trong qu trnh x l mt khi lng ln tiu bn.Cc bn NguynNgcT,VLThu,PhanThAn,NguynHuTh, TKhcCng,oThuTrang,KSLmnghipHongKhcCn c quen bit v nhn rt nhiu s gip t cc bn trong qu trnh thc hin kha lun chnh may mn ca ti. Lm vic vi cc bn qu tht rt vui v l k nim p ca thi sinh vin. Cm n ng bo Sn Ch x Thanh Lm, huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh, nhng ngi vi lng nhit tnh to ln gip ti hon thnh kha lun nhanh chng v sun s, nht l gia nh bc Nnh Vn Du, ni ti may mn c t tc trong nhng ngy thc a. Cui cng, ti dnh tnh cm v s bit n cho gia nh yu qu ca ti.Ti vn thng ngh rng cuc i ny s d dng, nhng vi mi nm qua i m c bitlnm2012ticngbit r l khng phi vy.Ti nhnraticth gp phi nhng tr ngi lnhnth nunhkhngcs ng h t gianhti.Ti nhn thy mnh tht may mn, v cuci cn tuyt vi th no khi vn cn gia nh bn. H Ni, ngy 21 thng 5 nm 2013 Sinh vin Phm Thanh Trng MC LC Trang T VN 1 Chng 1: TNG QUAN3 1.1.iu kin t nhin v kinh t x hi ca x Thanh Lm3 1.1.1.iu kin t nhin3 1.1.2.iu kin kinh t x hi x Thanh Lm4 1.2.Ngi Sn Ch Vit Nam7 1.2.1Ngun gc v di c7 1.2.2Phong tc8 1.2.3Quan nim v sc khe v s dng cy thuc9 1.2.4Trng trt, chn nui10 1.2.5Th cng11 1.2.6Trang phc11 1.2.7m thc12 1.2.8Tn gio tn ngng v ma chay12 1.3Nghin cu v cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch v Sn Chay Vit Nam13 Chng 2: THIT K NGHIN CU, I TNG, NI DUNG VA PHNG PHAP NGHIN CU14 2.1.Thit k nghin cu: Thit k nghin cu ct ngang m t14 2.1.1.a im nghin cu14 2.1.2.Thi gian nghin cu:14 2.1.3.i tng nghin cu14 2.2.Phng php lun.14 2.3.Ni dung v phng php nghin cu15 2.3.1.iu tra tnh a dng sinh hc, vic s dng cy thuc v cc bnh c phng v iu tri15 2.3.2.T liu ha tri thc s dng cy c lm thuc16 2.3.3.iu tra th trng cy c lm thuc17 Chng 3: KT QU NGHIN CU18 3.1.Tnh a dng sinh hc ca cc cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch s dng18 3.1.1ng cong loi cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch s dng18 3.1.2a dng theo bc phn loi18 3.1.3a dng theo dng sng21 3.1.4a dng theo thm thc vt22 3.1.5a dng theo b phn s dng23 3.1.6a dng v cch dng24 3.2.Cch gi tn cy ca ngi Sn Ch25 3.3.Cc bnh c phng v iu tr t cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm, huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh27 3.4.Phong tc tp qun v cy thuc v bnh tt29 3.4.1Phong tc trong vic cha bnh29 3.4.2Phong tc trong vic thu hi cy thuc30 3.4.3Phong tc trong vic truyn ngh31 3.4.4Vic cha bnh v cc yu t lin quan n tm linh32 3.5. thc bo v cy thuc v vn trng dc liu34 3.6.iu tra th trng35 3.6.1Hot ng lm thuc truyn thng35 3.6.2Hot ng bun bn, thu gom dc liu37 3.6.3Vic trng dc liu hng ha ti x Thanh Lm38 Chng 4: BAN LUN40 4.1.V phng php nghin cu40 4.2.V kt qu41 4.2.1.ng cong loi41 4.2.2.S lng mu so vi s tn cy trong danh mc42 4.2.3.Thm thc vt43 4.2.4.B phn s dng43 4.2.5.Cch dng44 4.2.6.Cng dng44 4.2.7.So snh kt qu vi cc nghin cu khc44 4.3.Gi tr ti nguyn cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm45 Chng 5: KT LUN VA XUT48 Ti liu tham kho PH LC NHNG CH VIT TT TRONG KHO LUN TING VIT Vit ttVit y KBTn khoa hc (ca cy thuc) cha c xc nh NXBNh xut bn NCCTNgi cung cp tin trong qu trnh iu tra TING ANH Vit ttVit y CBDThe Convention on Biological Diversity (Cng c a dng Sinh hc) IPRIntellectual Property Right (Quyn s hu tr tu) IUCNThe International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (Hip hi Bo tn Quc t) PRAParticipatory Rural Appraisal (nh gi nng thn c s tham gia ca ngi dn) WHOWorld Health Organization (T chc Y t Th gii) WWFThe World Wide Fund for Nature (Qu Thin nhin Th gii) DANH MC CC BNG TTS bngTn bngTrang 1.Bng 1.1T l cc dn tc trong x4 2.Bng 3.1Phn b cc loi thuc trong cc ngnh thc vt19 3.Bng 3.2Danh mc 12 h c t 4 loi cy thuc tr ln20 4.Bng 3.3 ngha tn cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch s dng25 5.Bng 3.4 ngha mt s tn cy theo ting Sn Ch26 6.Bng 3.5Danh mc cc nhm bnh v nhm cy thuc27 DANH MC CC HNH TTS hnhTn hnhTrang 1.Hnh 1.1Trm y t x Thanh Lm3 2.Hnh 1.2UBND x Thanh Lm3 3.Hnh 2.1Bn x Thanh Lm14 4.Hnh 2.2iu tra ti ch phin p Thanh17 5.Hnh 2.31.1.1.iu tra theo tuyn vi thy ti x Thanh Lm 17 6.Hnh 3.1ng cong tn loi cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch s dng 18 7.Hnh 3.2Phn b s lng chi ca cc loi c ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm s dng lm thuc 21 8.Hnh 3.3Phn b dng sng cc cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch21 9.Hnh 3.4Phn b cc loi theo loi thm thc vt c ngi Sn Ch Thanh Lm s dng lm thuc 22 10. Hnh 3.5Mc a dng cy thuc theo thm thc vt23 11. Hnh 3.6S lng cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch theo b phn dng 23 12. Hnh 3.7Cc cch dng cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch24 13. Hnh 3.8Hot ng thu hi cy thuc ca cc thy lang30 14. Hnh 3.9Vn nh ca thy lang Nnh Th Lin, vn ch yu trng cc loi rau 34 15. Hnh 3.10Ch phin p Thanh35 16. Hnh 3.11Ch phin Thanh Lm35 17. Hnh 3.12Thy lang Nnh Th Lin ang s ch cy thuc36 18. Hnh 3.13M hnh trng nm Linh chi nh ng Dng Vn Ding, trng thn ng Long 39 19. Hnh 3.14M hnh trng Ba kch ti HTX Ton Dn39 1 T VN Lnh th Vit Nam c tng din tch t nhin trn t lin l 329.241 km2[6], vi 54 dn tcanhemu mang bn sccoringc.Trongkhngth khng ni n vn tri thc dn gian v vic s dng cy thuc cha bnh v chm sc sc khe rt a dng [23], [35]. Nm trong khu vc ng Nam A, vi vnh ai kh hu nhit i gi ma nng m, Vit Nam c Qu Bo tn ng vt hoang d (WWF) cng nhnc3tronghn200vngsinhthitoncu; T chc Bo tn thin nhin th gii (IUCN) cng nhn c 6 trung tm a dng v thc vt [7]; xp th 16 trong s 25 Qucgiacadng sinh hc cao nht th gii [5]. Trong s 10.500 loi TV bccaobit,(c tnh c th ti 12.000 loi [17]), c khong 4000 loi cy thuc, chim khong 36% cc loi bit Vit Nam (17% s cy thuc trn th gii), khng k n cy thuc dn tc (Ethno-medicinal plants) cn t bit [8], [20]. Vi s di do v cy thucnhvy, tri qua nhiu th h cngng cc dn tc Vit Nam p dng trn thc t v tch ly thnh tri thc s dng cy c chm sc sc khe, kt hp vi s a dng loi to thnh ti nguyn cy thuc phong ph. Tuy nhin vic bo tn v pht trin ti nguyn cy thuc nc ta hin nayanggp rt nhiukhkhn.Chak n nn lm tc, cht ph rng honh hnh,ngidncnchacthckhaithcvsdngbnvngngunti nguyn rng, nhiu loi cy thuc qu c khai thc theo kiu tn dit v mc tiu kinh t i km vi vic s dng rt lng ph. Cn v tri thc s dng b phn quan trng ca ti nguyn cy thuc cng ang dn bin mt vi s qua i ca cc thy lang. Do vy vic bo tn ti nguyn cy thuc chnh l viclugi v pht tin cc gi tr s dng, gi tr kinh t, gi tr tim nng v gi tr vn ha ca Vit Nam. Huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh nm trong trung tm a dng sinh hc vng ng Bc, Vit Nam l ni sinh sng ca 9 dn tc anh em l: Kinh, Ty, Dao, Sn Du,CaoLan,Hoa,Nng,Mng v Sn Ch c tng dintcht t nhin l 60.855,56 ha, din tch rng l 20.603,36 ha, chim 33,85% [48]. Ngi Sn Ch Ba Ch chim khong 14,2% [37]. y l cng ng c tri thc s dng cy thu c 2 phong ph song cha c nghin cu. gp phn vo cng tc bo tn v pht trin vn tri thc dn gian v ngun ti nguyn cy thuc x Thanh Lm, chng ti thc hin ti: iu tra cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch s dng x Thanh Lm, huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh vi cc mc tiu: (1)Lp danh sch cc cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm, huyn Ba Ch s dng. (2)Kho st hot ng s dng cy thuc cha bnh ca ngi Sn Ch. (3)Bc u iu tra th trng dc liu. 3 Chng 1: TNG QUAN 1.1.iu kin t nhin v kinh t x hi ca x Thanh Lm [9], [40] 1.1.1.iu kin t nhin (a).V tr a l: Thanh Lm l x min ni thuc huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh, phn b ta a l 21o1906 n 21o3183v Bc v 107o0847 n 107o1406 kinh ng. a hnh dc, sng sui nhiu, giao thng i li kh khn. Trung tm x Thanh Lm ti thn Khe Nhng l ng ba im giao nhau ca 02 tuyn Tnh l 330 t Th trn Ba Ch n Lng Mng sang huyn Sn ng, tnh Bc Giang v tuyn Tnh l 342 t huyn Honh B qua Thanh Lm sang huyn nh Lp, tnh Lng Sn. (b).Ti nguyn t, rng [41], [42], [44]: XThanhLmctngdintchtnhin8.402,78ha,trongtlm nghip chim 95% tng din tch ton x, t c rng chim 75% din tch t lm nghip. Din tch rng phng h l 1.500 ha, ch yu c trng thng [43]. Rng t nhin trin rt phong ph v chng loi v c kh nng ti sinh nhanh, v Ba Ch c m kh cao.t trng i trc ch bo v, khoanh nui sau 3 nm khng cht ph, rng s ti sinh thnh rng t nhin. Ton x c 8 loi t chnh nm trong h thng t i ni v t canh tc, ch yu l t Feralit pht trin trn sa thch, trn phin thch st, trn macma axit Hnh 1.1: Trm y t x Thanh LmHnh 1.2: UBND x Thanh Lm 4 v pht trin trn ph sa c, ph sa ven sng sui [48]. cao trung bnh ca Ba Ch t 300-500m so vi mc nc bin. dc cc di i phn ln t 20 25o. (c).Thy vn, sng ngi: X chu nhhng ca ch thyvnsngBaCh.Lulng sng Ba Ch tng i cao v nhiu ghnhthc. Mal ncsng dngcaong thi do nh hng bi ch thy triu ca bin nn ct ngp lt thp nht l 6m.(d).Kh hu, thi tit Nhitkhngkh: Trung bnh t 21oC 23oC. Nhit ti cao tuyti t ti 37,6oC vo thng 6.Nhit ti thp tuyt i vo thng 1 t ti 1oC. Ma:Lngmatrungbnhhngnmkhong2.285mm.Nmclng ma ln nht l 4.077mm, nh nht l 1.086mm Nng:Trung bnhsginngdaongt1.600- 1.700h/nmnngtp trung t thng 5 n thng 12, thng c gi nng t nht l thng 2 v 3. Gi: Ba Ch ph bin c 2 loi gi chnh l gi ng Bc v gi ng Nam Thanh Lm ngho v khong sn, n nay cha pht hin c m qu, liu kinm bochomitrng ca x khng b nhim do vic khai thc khong sn.Vic khai thc nh l ct, si,trnsngsui ch yu phc v cho xy dng h tng c s a phng, mc nhim mi trng khng ng k. 1.1.2.iu kin kinh t x hi x Thanh Lm [40] Ton x c 9 thn (Lng D, Lng Lc, Khe n, Khe Nhng, ng Long, Khe Tnh, Pha Ln, Vng Ch, ng Thm) vi tng s 433 h, 1.926 khu. T l h nghonthng11nm2012tonxcn27,13%h ngho, gim. Hin 7/9 thn c ng b tng n trung tm x. X c 06 dn tc cng chung sng, trong dn tc Sn Chay l ng nht vi 1011 ngi (chim 57,1%) [37], c th bng 1.1. Bng 1.1: T l cc dn tc trong x Thanh Lm Dn tcT l % Sn Chay57,1% Dao21,6% 5 Dn tcT l % Ty16,2% Kinh, Sn Du5,1% Ti nguyn lch s, Thanh Lm c nh Lng D l di tch lch s u tin ca huyn Ba Ch c UBND tnh Qung Ninh cng nhn xp hng l di tch lch s vn ha cp tnh. V trng trt: Tng din tch gieo trng cy hng nm thc hin c nm 2012 t 297 ha, tng sn lng lng thc t 838,7 tn; Trong : V chim hng nm thc hin 165,2 ha, tng sn lng lng thc t 389 tn, gm: sn lng la t 228 tn, nng sut 47,5 t/ha, sn lng ng t 161 tn, nng sut t 35 t/ha. V macyhngnmthc hin 131,8 ha, tng snlnglngthct 449,7 tn, gm: sn lng la t 437, 2 tn, nng sut t 44,6 t/ha, sn lng ng t 12,5 tn, nng sut t 25 t/ha. Sn lng la cn v ma c nhn dn trng xen canh trnnngkt hp trng rng, snlnglanngt 35 tn. Tng gi tr sn phm nng nghip nm 2012 t 8,5 t ng V sn xut tiu th cng nghip, dch v,thngmi. Tng gi tr nm 2012 t 2,7 t ng. V chn nui th y: Tng n tru 325 con, ln rng 89 con, gia cm 5.200 con. Gi tr chn nui nm 2012 t 8,6 t ng. V lm nghip: Tng din tch trng rng nm 2012 t 692,3ha, , trong : vn t c ca nhn dn trng c 466,6 ha, vn h tr trng c 225,7%. T l cy sng cao sm thnh rng tt, gp phn nng cao che ph rng, bo v mi trng v pht trin bn vng. Cng tc chm sc, qun l bo v rng, phng chy cha chy rng c c bit quan tm, trong nm 2012 trn a bn x khng xy ra chy rng. Khai thc rng trng: t u nm n nay ton x khai thc rng trng v lm sn ph vi din tch l: 59 ha, trong Keo sn lng l: 4.840,5 m3; Qu 12 tn, tre dc 220 tn. Gi tr sn xut lm nghip nm 2012 t 12,5 t ng. 6 X Thanh Lm c 01 t hp tc (HTX Ton Dn) c thnh lp theo Quyt nh ca UBND huyn Ba Ch, c tng s 16 x vin, ngnh ngh sn xut kinh doanh: Trng rng, ch bin lm sn, dch v ging, vt t nng nghip, xy dng h tng giao thng, thy li. Tng vn gp ban u l 5 t ng. UBND x ng vin nhn dn trng Ba kch tm 3,5 ha, Cam canh, 2ha, Chui phn 0,3 ha, Thanh long rut 0,2 ha, Kim ngn 0,5 ha ang pht trin tt. UBND x cng xy dng cc m hnh pht trin sn xut nh: Trng nm Linh Chi c 41 h tham gia, tiu th 129 tn nguyn liu, nui ln tp trung hng nc 100 con, nui n sinh sn100 con, nui g i1800 con, ngan en Gii ngn h tr li sut vay vn thc hin cc m hnh, d n theo NQ 26 ca HND huyn nm 2012 l 435 triu ng cho 23 h vay. Theo kt qu iu tra tnh n ngy 30/10/2012: Thu nhp bnh qun c t: 22 triu ng/ngi/nm. Nhn dn tham gia hin t lm ng, nh vn ha thn c 550 m2 v tho d vt liu kin trc tr gi quy i c 250 triu ng.Chnh trang nh ca, t xy dng mi nh , tng ro, cng trong nm 2012 l 295 triu ng. V knhmngthy li, ning:Trna bn x hinchac h cha nc, c 23 p dng xy dng t lu vi nng lc ti cho 78,9 ha. H thng knh mng cp I hin c tng s 21 tuyn, di 18,07km, trong : C 5,81km c xy kin c, nhng cn ci to. H thng knh mng cp II ton b l mng t, cn phi kin c ha 22 tuyn knh cp II di 13,1km p ng ngun nc trong ning phc v sn xut. Ton b h thngknhmng,p chanc mi ch p ng c nhu cu nc ti 78,1% din tch la, din tch cn li nh nc ma. n nay knh mng mi c cng ha t 70% knh cp I. V nc sch: Theo kt qu iu tra tnh n 30/10/2012, ton x c 75% h gia nh c s dng nc hp v sinh. V gio dc:Nm2009xhonthnhchngtrnhph cp Tiu hc, THCS. T l hcsinhc chuyn cp t Tiu hcsangTHCSt100%.Nm 7 2011, trng mm non v trng PTCS c u t xy dng mi, mi trng tr gi 12 t ng. T l lao ng qua o to chuyn mn nghip v so vi tng s lao ng l 35%; trong t l lao ng sau khi o to c vic lm l 44,5%. V Y t.Nm 2009, x t chun quc gia v Y t. T l ngi dn tham gia cc hnh thc BHYT ton x t 100% [38].1.2.Ngi Sn Ch Vit Nam 1.2.1Ngun gc v di c Theo kt qu iu tra, nghin cu,ngi Sn Ch l mt trong hai nhm chnh trong cng ng dn tc Sn Chay. V theo cc ti liu c cng b cng nh quacctliu in d dn tc hc, bng cc nhng cu chuyn k trong dn gian, nhng bi ht snh ca, cng nh nhng iu ghi chp trong cc sch gia ph, schcnghngha,.. cho thyngi Sn Ch xakiasinht khu vcDng Chu, Khm Chu, Lim Chu, Li Chu, Linh Sn, Thng T, Ninh Minh, Bch VnSn,Thp VnSnthuc cc tnh Qu Chu, QungngvQung Ty (Trung Quc). H n Vit Nam vo qung cuiiMinh,ui Thanh, cch ngy nay 300-500 nm [10], [29]. VitNam,aphngng bo Sn Ch tchnnu tin l vng Qung Ninh, t di chuyn theo hng Ty, men theo di t, ni tip gip gia trung du v min ni nh c v lm n sinh sng. l a bn thuc cc tnh QungNinh,LngSn,BcGiang,ThiNguyn,VnhPhc,PhTh,Tuyn Quang vYnBi.Ringnhmngi hin nay vn t nhn l Sn Ch thuc cc huyn Bo Lm, Bo Lc, Nguyn Bnh (Cao Bng), Ch R, Ba B (Bc Kn), theo mt s nh khoa hc th l ngi Dao ch khng phi ngi Sn Ch [10], [31].McdcmtsngichorngCaoLan,SnChlmtdntc(v thng c cp chung l dn tc Sn Chay trong cc ti liu), nhng cng c kh nhiu ngi da vo cc tiu ch xc nh dn tc Vit Nam (ngn ng, vn ha, thc t gic tc ngi) ngh xp h thnh hai dn tc khc nhau, mt 8 thuc nhm ngn ng Ty Thi (i vi Cao Lan) v mt thuc nhm ngn ng Hn (i vi Sn Ch) [33], [36], [39]. 1.2.2Phong tc Do di c n Vit Nam mun hn so vi cc tc ngi khc nn ngi Sn Ch thng xen k vi cc tc ngi Ty, Nng, Sn Du, Dao. Tuy nhin mi khu vc c tr (cp huyn) ng bo thng sng mt tp trong mt hay nhiu thn bn. Ranh gii gia cc thn bnthngc hnh thnh t nhin viccim mclnhngcnhrng,nhngdngncchy,ccngnni,odc.Theo truyn thng, khu vc c tr ca ngi Sn Ch c hnh thnh theo tng dng h. Mi dng h c mt khu vcringvccgianhtrongdngh quy qun gn nhau [24]. Ngi Sn Ch cngnttNguynnnhnhiu dn tc khc Trung Quc v Vit Nam. Vo ngy 30 m lch,ccgianhlmbnhTrngbnhDy cng giao tha. Sng mng mt, tt c ccgianhuilync v vi quan nim lycnc rng cng smthtrongnmgianhlmncngmaymn (cn tay), s ma thun gi ha, ma mng bi thu. Mng hai tt, dn lng thng t chc l lng.Cc h trong thn bn t lm mm cng ca gia nh mnh. Trong qu trnh lm mm c cng th thn lng (thuln) khngaic ni to, khng ckhuammbtvcngkhngc thpnqusng.Khngaibo ai khi rng sng u i mm ra miu cu khn thu lnph h cho dn lng t gi ch tr c mnh khe, i u v y, bo v tru b, khng cho hm, bo vo bn ph phch bt ngi, bt tru [10], [36]. Trong bn dng nh mi hay c mt gia nh mi n th phi sp l cng gi ma bn v n.L cng nh mict trc sn ch ccmcanh,ru, lng ln, g, tht, rau [10], [47]. Ngoi l cngnh,cngmiu mi thn bn thng c mt s l, tt khc trong nm nh l h in, l cm mi, l m ca rng, l git su b[30] . Trong truyn thng, nh ca ngi Sn Ch thng l nh sn. Nhn chung, nh ca ca h tri qua rt nhiu bin i theo thi gian. Hin nay thng an xen 9 c nh sn truyn thng v nh khung g dng trn nn t c tng bng gch [10], [30], [47]. 1.2.3Quan nim v sc khe v s dng cy thuc[10] ng bo Sn Ch nhn thcc tm quan trng ca vic dng thuc trong chm sc sc khe v lun xc nh r: thuccha,macu, ngha l khi m th phi cha bng thuc l chnh, bn cnh vn c th cng ma cho mau khi. Ngi Sn Ch c rt nhiu kinh nghim trong vic s dng cc loi cy thuc cha bnh.ngbothng thu hi cy thuc trong rng nguyn sinh hoc trn cc ni cao t ngi qua li. ng bo dng thuc Nam di dng thuc thang,ru thuc, xoa bp, thucp. Trong khu vcngi Cao Lan Sn Ch sinh sng c khonghn200loicyc s dng lm thuc,trongkhong 100 loi thng c s dng. Trong mi cngng lng bnthng c mt hay nhiungi lm ngh thuc.Nhngnginycchamtruynnghchovrtctmhuytvi ngh.Cng vic ca h khng tch ri khi sn xut nng nghip, thng tranh th ly thuc trong lc i lm nng, lm rung hoc khi bnh nhn c nhu cu. Theo phong tc cangi Sn Ch,ngi bnhn xin thuc nh thy lang thng mang theo mt l vt nh nh giy vng, mt th hng. Thy lang hi ngi bnh hoc ngi nh ngi bnh v nhng triu chng, tnh hnh n ung ca ngi bnh sau mi bc thuc, dn d cch s dng v nhng king k km theo. Nu khi bnh, ngi bnh nht thit phi n lm l tr n thy lang, l vt gm c giy vng dn tc, hng, g, ru. Nu ngi no c cha khi bnh m khng n lm l tr n th b coi l ngi v n.Nhng nghi l trong phong tc cha bnh ca ngi Sn Ch th hin tnh nhn vn trong cng ng dn tc ngi. Tuy vy nhng nm gn y vi s xm nhp ca kinh t th trng, cc thy lang bt u bn thuc b p li thi gian, cng sc b ra tm kim thuc. Gingnhnhiu dn tckhc,ngi Sn Ch s dng nhiu v thuc c truyn chm sc sc khe ph n v tr em.Sau khi sinh, sn ph king v ngh ngi trong 42 ngy. Thc n ca sn ph thng l rau ngt (mn tri), gng hoc 10 ngh en nu vi tht g hoc tht ln. Ngay sau khi sn ph c ung mt bt thuc v tm nc nu l khn tru, l cy huyt d, a tr mi sinh ra c tm bngnc l vn unsi ngui. xong, nu ph sn b mu bclnu, gy chng mt th ngi ta rang t thc hoc ht vng (qu vt) c th gi vo khn hoc vi ln u ri p cho cn hi m m ln trn, sn ph s khi. Ph n Sn Ch saukhi v trong thi gian c thng ungnc thuc,nru np v trng g. Ru c lm t go np men l v c ph n Sn Ch t lm trc khi sinh 2-3 thng. 1.2.4Trng trt, chn nui Cng nh hu ht cc dn tc sinh sng vng ni thp khu vc Vit Bc, ng Bc, trng trt cc cy lng thc trn t dc l hot ng kinh t ch o ca ngi Sn Ch xa kia. Tt c cc hot ng mu sinh khc nh chn nui, th cng gia nh, trao i bun bn, sn bt, hi lm ch l nhng hot ng ph, mang tnh h tr trng trt.Ngy nay hotng kinh t cangi Sn Ch c nhiu thay i, c v c cu, k thut v tnh cht sn xut.Khng ch trng trt, m c th cng nghip,thngmicngrt pht trin, v k thut hinic ng dng trong mi lnh vc sn xut. Nhiu hot ng kinh t mang tnh cht hng ha: nui ln, trng vi, nhn, xoi, hngingnhngngi chuyn bunbnanghnhthnhvphttrin.Traoi,bunbntr thnh nhu cu quan trng trong i sng x hi Sn Ch ngy nay [2], [30]. Trong s c loi cy lng thc h canh tc, La, Ng v Sn l nhng cy lngthc chnh.Mt s hoamukhcnhu, Bub,Khoai,rauc xen canhtrn nng. Ngi Sn Ch c b ging la gm: La np (Khulu)c hai loi chnh l Khu m v Xi vu; La t c hai loi chnh l Khu lai v Khu mi. Cc ging Ng c: Vung mc, Pc mc, Sly nt mc. Cc ging Sn (Mn moi, Mc sui) c: Sn (Mn mi lang, Hoong mc sui), Sn trng (Mn moi pc, Pc mc sui)[10], [31].V chnnui,nhn chungxakiangi Sn Ch chnnuitheokiu th rng, i vi tt c cc loi gia sc, gia cm. H khng lm chung tri m ban m 11 thng nht cc loi vt nui ngay di gm sn. K thut chn nui n gin, gia sc t kim n l chnh [47]. 1.2.5Th cng [36] So vingi Ty, Nng, Sn Du th cnggianhcangi Sn Ch khng pht trin.H khng c ngh th cng no ni ting trong vng.Tuy nhin h cngvn c truyn thng trng bng dt vi t lui.CyBngc trng trn t sichonngsut kh cao. Bng mang v nhcphikhvcntch bng mt dng c gi l c co. Sau c bt (cong pi) to thnh mng mn, sau cng c ko, se si (git bi).Si c cho vo ni nu (u x) cng vi go gi l h si.Dng khung dt th cng (chch cy) dt thnh tm vi (tm pu).Vi c nhum (nghm pu) bng chm ( mt ging 20-30 nm nay do khng c trng) v mt s nguyn liu khc. 1.2.6Trang phc[2], [10], [31], [47] Trang phc truyn thng cang bo bnp, kiu dng phong ph, m thut trang tr hi ha, ph hp cho nhiu itng s dng khc nhau. o di (xngxng) may c ng ngn, ci khuy bn nch phi, c x t di, t o pha trc di hn t pha sau mt cht. o di ca n ng v n b ging nhau, ch khc l n b thng mc di cn n ng ch ngn di u gi mt cht. Ngy nay trang phc ca ngi Sn Ch c nhiu thay i.Nam, n mc ngythng v ngy l ttu ging nh ngi Kinh v kh phn bit vi ngi Kinh.Thi thong mi thy c ngi gi, nht l cc b gi mc qun o truyn thng vo cc dp l hi.Trang phc c truyn dn tc c gi li mc khi qua i ttindnhn.Nayccgianhttrng bng v t dt vi na mict may ca hiu hoc mua qun o may sn.Cc trang sc ph n nh vngc, vng tay nay t dng, ch eo khuyn tai hoc nhn, trang sc bng vng thay th dn cho bc. 1.2.7m thc [10] V ccmnn,ngoiccloilngthc hng ngy nhng Sn Ch cn nhng mn n truyn thng vo cc ngy l tt.12 TtThanhminhcmnntruyn thng l bnhngi (ngi). L ngi cu cgintnhumcngvibtgonptothnhmuxanhchov bnh.Bnh ngi c rt nhiu loi nhn nhng ch yu l cc nhn ngt. Vo dp 3/3 m lch (slmnhitcht)ngitathng cng mt bt Phng moc phn trn bn th. l xi c nhum bng cy Sau sau (Phng moc). Bnhtrng:Trc tt Nguynnvingy,ngitachun b sn cc nguyn liu cho vic gi bnh trng. Bnh trng gi dnh hnh tr di khong 30cm, ng knh 5-7cm, trong c go np v gia go np l tht ln v cc gia v khc em luc chn bng cho hoc ni ln. Bnhgio:lmnntruyn thng vo tt mng 5 thng 5. Cch lm ca ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm: t cy tng thnh tro, lc ly nc ri ngm vo nc lm cho go np thnh mu vng. Sau dng l chui gi thnh bnh c hnh trn, di, hai u bnh khng b gp l m tm li. Bnh dm (theo cch gi ca ngi Sn Ch Kin Lao, Lc Ngn) hay cn gi l bnhvai(theo cch gi cangi Sn Ch Thanh Lm, Ba Ch) l loi bnh c dng cng vo dp 14/7 m lch (moc mn x ch). Cch lm v c bn ging bnh ngi ch c iu khng dng l ngi nhum v bnh. Bnh dy: Ngi Sn Ch xi trng cho chn, ly ra ngui ri cho vo ci gi nhuyn v bt bnh bng tay thnh chic bnh dy. Bnhdy cngi Sn Ch Thanh Lm dng cng t tin vo dp 10/10 m lch. 1.2.8Tn gio tn ngng v ma chay [10] V tn gio vtnngng.Ngi Sn Ch Kin Lao, Lc Ngn c quan nim khc nhau gia cc dng d v cc lclng siu nhin.Quan nim v th gii siu nhin, mi nhm t nhiuu c s khc nhau, thm ch mi dng h u c cc loi thn thnh th khc nhau, cc thc thi cng cng khng ging nhau. Vingi Sn Ch Tuyn Quang, ngoi th t tin cn th ma Ham, th Ngc Hong h Trn v h Nnh. Vi ngi Sn Ch Thanh Lm ch th t tin m khng th ma Ham. 13 m ma, m chay ca ngi Sn Ch th hin kh r nhng quan nim v tngio.ogiomc bitlo Pht h khm nt.Trong khi lm ma, ngi ta lp n cng Pht, th Thi Thng Lo Qun v lm l ph ngc gii thot linh hn. V trt m cngi nh mi thy cng hay thy phong thy xem xt. M cangi Sn Ch cpdinhngi Kinh, nult dc th u phi t ln trn, khng khi no c t nm ngang dc.Sau 3 nm c ci tng th m p trn. 1.3.Nghin cu v cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch v Sn Chay Vit Nam iu tra cy thuc v kinh nghim s dng cy thuc ca ng bo dn tc Sn Ch huyn Ph Lng, tnh Thi Nguyn thu c 180 mu cy, gim nh c 132loi thuc 119 chi, 62 h ca 4 ngnh thc vt bc cao. Nghin cu ny t liu ha c 18 nhm bnh chng c phng v cha tr bi 180 loi cy thuc khc nhau, ng thi cng t liu ha c 5 bi thuc cha cc bnh: chy mu chn rng, thp khp, nhc xng, vng da v cam si tr em [45]. iu tra tri thc s dng cy thuc ca ngi sn chay x L Vin, Sn ng, Bc Giang thu c 318 mu cy, gim inh c 214 loi thuc 113 chi, 72 h. Nghin cu ny t liu ha c 27 nhm bnh chng c phng v cha tr bi 283 loi cy thuc khc nhau [32]. 14 Chng 2: THIT K NGHIN CU, I TNG, NI DUNG VA PHNG PHAP NGHIN CU 2.1Thit k nghin cu: Thit k nghin cu ct ngang m t [4]. 2.1.1ia im nghin cu X Thanh Lm, huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh (hnh 2.1). 2.1.2Thi gian nghin cu: 03.2013 05.2013. 2.1.3i tng nghin cu Cy thuc mc hoang di hoc c trng ti vn ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm, huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh 2.2Phng php lun Do Ti nguyn cy thuc gm2 phn to thnh l (1) cy c v (2) tri thc s dng, v vy chng lin quan n c lnh vc Khoa hc T nhin v X hi - Nhn vn. iu tra v nh gi tnh trng bo tn ca Ti nguyn cy thuc , Hnh 2.1: Bn x Thanh Lm 15 cn s dng k thut canhiu ngnh, c bit l c s tham gia ca cng ng . Cc k thut nghin cu lin quan n Cc k thut nghin cu lin quan n hot ng iu tra bao gm: (1) Dc hc, (2) Thc vt dn tc hc, (3) Sinh thi hc, (4) Kinh t ti nguyn, (5) Nhn hc, (6) Ngn ng hc, (7) Nng hc [26]. 2.3Ni dung v phng php nghin cu 2.3.1iu tra tnh a dng sinh hc, vic s dng cy thuc va cc bnh c phng va iutri (1)Lit k t do: c ci tin t k thut lit k t do s dng trong nhn hc v ti nguyn cy c ni chung [27]. Giai on 1: iu tra ti cng ng Chn mu: Munghincucchnlnhngngiangthuhi,ch bin,bnthuc,bcthuc,nhngngichiubitvthuchaynhng ngi c cha tr bng thuc t cy c. Nhng ngi ny c gi tt l ngi cung cp tin (NCCT). S lng ngi c phng vn c quyt nh khi ng cong loi tng khng ng k khi tng ngi c phng vn. Phong vn: Mi NCCT tham gia phng vn u c yu cu lit k tt c cc cy thuc bng ting Sn Ch m h s dng. Giai on 2: Thu thp mu tiu bn [34] Mu tiu bn ca tt c cc tn cy thuc c nu ra trong phn lit k t do c thu thp, ghi chp, x l v sy kh theo cc k thut lm tiu bn thc vt thng thng v lu tr ti Phng tiu bn ca Trng i hc Dc H Ni (HNIP). Tng cng177 tiu bn c thu thp trong qu trnh thc hin kha lun. Giai on 3: Xc nh tn khoa hcTn khoa hc ca mu tiu bn c gim nh bi ThS . Phm H Thanh Tng, DS Nghim c Trng v Phm Thanh Trng(Trng i hc Dc H Ni) bng phng php so snh hnh thi da trn cc sch cy thuc, thc vt ch [1], [3], [11], [12], [15], [16], [17], [21], [22], [25], [28] cc c im mu tiu 16 bn ti phng tiubn Trng i hc Dc H Ni v Vin Sinh Thi v Ti nguyn sinh vt. Giai on 4: X l d liu T danh mc lit k t do ca tt c cc cy thuc v cc mu tiu bn thu c. Loi b cc tn ting Sn Ch ngngha, tng hp v lp thnh mt danh mc tn ting Sn Ch ca cc cy thuc m ngi Sn Ch ti x s dng. Giai on 5: nh gi tin cy S dng danh mc tn cy thuc thu c giai on4 phng vn NCCT:ng/b(anh/ch)c s dng cy thuc Xitrong trng hp b Yj khng? (Vi Xi l tn cy thuc v Yj tn cc bnh bng ting Sn Ch trong danh mc). tin cy ca thng tin c tnh theo cng thc Friedman [26]: Fv =SSij Fv: tin cy ca thng tin ( 0 Fv 1) Sij:S ngi ni cy thuc i cha bnh jS : Tng s ngi c hi Do i tng nghin cu ca ti l cc cy thuc c cng ng s dng nn ch cc cy thuc trong cng ng vi cng dng c h s tin cy Fv>0,25 mi c t liu ha. (2)iu tra theo tuyn[27], [46]:c thc hin thng qua cc chuyn nhp cuc quan st ti thc a cng vi ngi cung cp tin quan trng(ngi cung cp tin quan trng KIP l cc thy lang hoc l nhng ngi c hiu bit nhiu v cy thuc c cng ng tha nhn ) quan st , phng vn v thu thp mu tiu bn ti thc a. Tng cng4 chuyn nhp cuc quan st cthc hin trong thi gian nghin cu. 2.3.2T liu ha tri thc s dng cy c lam thuc [19], [27] Tri thc s dng cy c lm thuc c thu thp thng tin qua: -Phng vn khi nhp cuc quan st. 17 -Tho lun nhm da trn danh sch cy thuc c lp. Do cha c quy nh c th trong vic s hu tr tu i vi cc bi thuc v vic s dng cy thuc i vi cng ng cc dn tc Vit Nam. Tuy nhin vn nghin cu ti nguyn cy thuc ca cc dn tc cng nh chnh nghin cu ny nhmmctiuphcvcngngcngnhcngtcbotnvphttrindc liu. V vy khng mu thun vi vic s hu tr tu, ti ch gii hn phn t liuhatrithcsdngtnaphng,cchsdng(chabnhg),bphn dng v cch dng m khng t liu ha cch phi hp tr thnh cc bi thuc. 2.3.3iu tra thi trng cy c lam thuc.c tin hnh ti cc x Thanh Lm, x p Thanh v th trn Ba Ch bng cng c nhp cuc quan st [13]. Hnh 2.3: iu tra theo tuyn vi thy lang ti x Thanh Lm Hnh 2.2: iu tra ti ch phin p Thanh 18 Chng 3: KT QU NGHIN CU 3.1.Tnh a dng sinh hc ca cc cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch s dng: 3.1.1ng cong loi cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch s dng: tin hnh phng vn37NCCTthuc 218 tn cy thuc khc nhau cngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm, huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh s dng (cha loi b cc tn ng ngha) (Hnh 3.1) Cnc vo th ng cong loi, s lng tn loi cy thuctngln khng ng k t NCCT th 18. Da trn danh mc 218 tn cy ny, chng ti tin hnh phng vn su 2 thy lang thng tho ting ph thng, loi c 51 tn cy ng ngha, ng thi hiu nh li cc tn cy ghi sai v cui cng thu c s tn cy thuc theo ting a phng l 167 tn khc nhau. 3.1.2a dng theo bc phn loi thuc 177 mu cy thuc khc nhau theo danh mc,trongc82 loi c gim nh s b n loi, 78 loi c gim nh s b n chi, 10 loi c gim nh s b n h v 7 loi cha gim nh c tn khoa hc. Cc loi ny thuc129chi,67h ca4ngnh thc vt lLycopodiophyta,Pinophyta, Polypodiophyta v Magnoliophyta (khng tnh 7 loi cha xc nh tn khoa hc). Hnh 3.1 : ng cong tn loi cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch s dng 19 3.1.2.1 a dng theo bc ngnh Phnbloitheoccngnhctrnhbybng3.1.Ngnh Magnoliophyta c s h, chi, loi ln nht bao gm: 63 h, 124 chi, 165 loi chim 97,06% tng s loi thu thp. S loi ca cc ngnh thc vt cn li ch chim 2,94% (khng bao gm c 7loichaxcnhc tn khoa hc) trong ton b cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm. Bng 3.1: Phn b cc loi thuc trong cc ngnh thc vt TTNgnhS hT l % S chi T l %S loiT l % 1.Pinophyta11.4910.7810.59 2.Lycopodiophyta11.4910.7810.59 3.Polypodiophyta22.9932.3331.76 4.Magnoliophyta6394.0312496.1216597.06 4.1.Magnoliopsida5176.1211387.6015088.24 4.2.Liliopsida1217.91118.53158.82 Tng s (1+2+3+4)67129170 3.1.2.2 a dng theo bc h Trong s 170loixcnh tn khoa hc bao gm c 67 h khc nhau. Trong c 12 h c s loi 4 (chim 17,91%) (Bng 3.2).C 4 h c s loi c s dng nhiu nht l h Fabaceae (u) vi tn s lp l 16 (chim 23,88%) bao gm 10 chi; h Euphorbiaceae (Thu du) vi tn s lp l 14 (chim 20,9%) bao gm 10 chi; h Rubiaceae (C ph) vi tn s lp l 11 (chim 16,42%) bao gm 9 chi; h Verbenaceae (C roi nga) vi tn s lp l 10 (chim 14,93%) bao gm 4 chi.Ngoi ra c5h c3loi(chim7,46%),11hchc2loi(chim 16,42%) v 39 h c 1 loi (chim 58,21%) 20 Bng 3.2: Danh mc 12 h c t 4 loi cy thuc tr ln (xp theo th t s lng loi gim dn) TT Tn h Tn s lp T l % S chi Tn khoa hcTn Vit Nam S lng T l % 1.Fabaceaeu1623.88107.75 2.EuphorbiaceaeThu du1420.90107.75 3.RubiaceaeC ph1116.4296.98 4.VerbenaceaeC roi nga1014.9343.10 5.AsteraceaeCc913.4386.20 6.MenispermaceaeTit d68.9643.10 7.Myrsinaceaen nem68.9632.33 8.RutaceaeCam68.9643.10 9.MalvaceaeBng45.9732.33 10. MelastomataceaeMua45.9743.10 11. MoraceaeDu45.9721.55 12. MyrtaceaeSim45.9732.33 3.1.2.3 a dng theo bc chi Phn b loi cy thuc theo chi c trnh by hnh 3.2. Hai chi c s loi nhiu nht l Ardisia v Callicarpa u c 4 loi (chim 1,55%). C 112 chi c 1 loi cy thuc (chim86,82%), 17 chi c2 loi (chim13,19%), 4 chi c3 loi (chim 3,1%) (khng tnh 7 loi cha xc nh tn khoa hc). Cc chi c s loi trn 2% l Ardisia(4 loi), Callicarpa (4 loi), Millettia (3 loi), Phyllanthus (3 loi), Premna (3 loi), Stephania (3 loi) (Ph lc 4) 21 3.1.3a dng theo dng sng Cc loi thuc x Thanh Lm c ngi Sn Ch s dng thuc5 loi dng sng chnh vi s lng theo cc bc phn loi c trnh by hnh3.3. Cc dng sng chnh ca cy thuc gm : bi c53 loi (chim 29,94%), bi leo c8 loi(chim4,52%),cc40loi(chim22,60%),dy leo c40loi(chim 22,60%), g c 36 loi (chim 20,34%). (Hnh 3.3) Hnh 3.3: Phn b dng sng cc cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch Hnh 3.2: Phn b s lng chi ca cc loi c ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm s dng lm thuc 22 3.1.4a dng theo thm thc vt (1) Cc loi thm thc vt phn b cy thuc x Thanh Lm Cy thuc c phn b 6 thm thc vt chnh, thuc 2 h sinh thi l (1) t nhin, bao gm rng nguyn sinh b tc ng(I); rng th sinh (II), rng cy bi (III),ven suiv thung lng m(IV);(2)nng nghip ,bao gm bi hoang , b rung, ven ng (V); vn, cy trng (VI). Trong , cc cy thuc ch yu phn b h sinh thi t nhin . C rt t loi cy thuc l cy trong vn . c bit, cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch c phn b rt nhiu cc khe sui thuc khu vc rng nguyn sinh hoc th sinh. (2)Phn b ca cy thuc theo dng thm thc vt C 169 loi trong tng s 177 loi cy thuc mc hoang di (chim 95,48%).C 124 loi gp 1 loi thm thc vt , 30 loi gp 2 loi thm thc vt , 19 loi gp 3 loi thm thc vt , 1 loi gp 4 loi thm thc vt(Artemisialactiflora Wall.ex DC.)v c2loi phn b 5loi th m thc vt lMelastomasp. (HNIP/17874/13) v mt loi thuc h Poaceae (HNIP/17886/13) (Hnh 3.4). (3)Mc a dng ca cy thuc theo thm thc vt Trong 6 loi thm thc vt , thm thc vt nhm IV c s loi cy thucnhiu nht(92 loi), tip n l cc thm thc vt nhm V(59 loi), nhm II(54 loi), nhm I (31 loi), nhm III (11 loi), nhm VI (8 loi) (Hnh 3.5). Hnh 3.4: Phn b cc loi theo loi thm thc vt c ngi Sn Ch Thanh Lm s dng lm thuc23 3.1.5a dng theo b phn s dngCc danh t ch b phn cy theo ting Sn Ch: keng (c), pc (c), dp (l), moc (thn), cn (r), cao (nha), pui (v cy), chay (qu) C 8 loi b phn cacyc s dng lm thucctliu ha. Trong,bphncsdnglmthucnhiunhtlthncnglchim 51,41%,toncyc s dng nhiu th 2 chim 27,68%, th 3 l ch l chim 12,43%. Qu, v cy, nha, r v thn chim tng cng l 11,85%. (hnh 3.6) Hnh 3.5: Mc a dng cy thuc theo thm thc vtHnh 3.6: S lng cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch theo b phn dng 24 3.1.6a dng v cch dng Cch s dng cc cy thuc cangi Sn Chi rt phong ph. Trong qu trnh iu tra ghi nhn c 15 cch s dng. Mi cy thuc c th c dng theo nhiu cch khc nhau. Cch dng ch yu l tm (hi sn) chim 48,59%, sc ung(po)chim48,02%,gip(tudcpo)chim15,27%,ngmru ung(chmchau)chim7,91%.Cccchsdngkhc gmbi(Chn),xng (xong), giu (hithau), gi ung (tuhch), luc (lc), ngm (hom),nsng (hch xen) chim tng cng 14,69%. (Hnh 3.7) Hnh 3.7: Cc cch dng cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch 25 3.2.Cch gi tn cy ca ngi Sn Ch Cc tn cy ca ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm ngoi nhng tn ring hoc vaymn t tingHoathucnghahoc ngun gc nhtnh. Cc tn gi ch yu da vo hoc lin quan vi c im hnh thi, dng sng, mu sc, mi v, cng dng, cch s dng, ni thu hi, lin quan n phong tc hoc kt hp cc yu t ny vi nhau. Bng 3.3: ngha tn cy thuc c ngi Sn Ch s dng TT ngha S cy T l % TT Ngha S cy T l % 1Dng sng11263,286Ni thu hi116,21 2M t c im3922,037Kch thc105,65 3Mu sc2212,438Mi52,82 4Cng dng1810,179Khng c ngha4625,99 5V169,0410Khng bit tn31,69 Cc tnh t mu sc trong ting Sn Ch dng t tn cy bao gm: Hoong (), vung (vng), xnh (xanh), pic (trng), hc (en). Cc tnh t ch mi gm: Ging (thm), su (thi), cu phi (rm ch). Cc tnh t ch v gm: Ma (t), lau (ngy), nu (ng), thim (ngt), sln (chua). Cc tnh t ch kch thc gm: Ti (to), nhy (nh). Cc danh t ch dng sng gm: Xau (c di), tchi (rau), moc (cy bi hoc g), thng (dy leo), kht (pn moc pn thng na cy bi na dy leo). Cc t ch vlinquann cng dngnh:Xa (nunc ung, ch), xt qut (gy xng), phui (bo), dt (mu), ln nhc (ln da non), nghing qut (cng xng), sn cn (co rt gn) ...Cc danh t ch ni thu hi nh: Sn (rng), ly (b ro) ... (Tng t l ln hn 100% do s kt hp cc cch gi tn) 26 Cng c trng hp tn cy lin quan n mt phong tc no . V d nh cy Png cu moc (Clausena sp.) th png cu ngha l ui ch. Cy ny c s dng treo trc ca nh vo nhng ngy tt xua ui nhng iu xu ra khi nh. Bng 3.4 trnh by 1 s v d tn cy:Bng 3.4: ngha mt s tn cy theo ting Sn Ch STT Tn cy Tn khoa hc ngha 1 Xch long xau Senecio nagensium C.B.Clarke Xch ngha l , long l con rng,xau l c. Tn m t dng cy l c, c hnh dng nh con rng b trn . 2 Sn pa moi Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. Sn pa l con nai, moi l ui. Tn cy ch c im ca cy l c l ngn nhn ging ui con nai. 3 Vung keng Curcuma longa L. Vung l vng, keng l c. Tn cy m t c im l c c mu vng. 4 Xi lau pc Tacca plantaginea (Hance) Drenth. Xi lnc,lau l v ngy hocbngnh m, pc l c. Tn cy ni l cy c c, mc gn b nc v c l bng nh m. 5 Cu mu moc Melastomasp. Cu mu l tn mt loi su n l, moc l dng sng bi hoc g. Tn cy ch loi cy bi c l ging hnh dng ca su cu mu. 6 Xi ging xa Adenosma caerolea R.Br. Xilnc,ginglthm,xalch. Tn ny ni mt loi cy dng nu nc ung nh ch v cho nc c mi thm. 7 Cau khc xui Morinda officinalis F.C.How Cau l 9, khc l ngon ngho, xui l c. Tn ch loi cy c c ngon ngho thnh 9 on. 27 3.3.CcbnhcphngviutrtcythuccangiSnChx Thanh Lm,huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh Thng cc bi thuc ging nhau theo tng dng h,nhngvi cc thy lang khc nhau th li c cch phi hp ring hoc thay th cy ny bng cy khc v khng ly c. Trong cc trng hp cha bnh ngi Sn Ch thng c mt khung chung vi mt s loi cy c s dng vi vai tr ph tr trong tt c cc bi thuc cha tt c cc loi bnh m h bit, v d nhPcpuchay(Physalis angulata L.),Cuphimoc (Callicarpasp.) cng viccloichuyn cha trong cc trng hp c th no . Tu tng bnh, cc thy thuc s gia gim thm cc cy thuc vi cng dng c th.Qua iu tra chng ti pht hin c 28 nhm bnh c phng v cha tr bng 177 loi thu mu (bng 3.4). Trong , nhm bnh ngoi da v ung nht s dng nhiu cy thuc nht vi 49 loi (chim 27,68%), xp th hai l nhm bnh v ng tiu ha vi 27 loi (chim 15,25%)... Cc trng hp s dng cy thuc phng v cha tr c trnh by c th ph lc 5. S loi c h s tin cy v cng dngFv 0,75 l 66 loi (chim 37,29%), Fv >0,25 l 175 loi (chim 98,87%). C 2 loi (chim 1,13%) c h s Fv 0,75. V d vi cc loi u c Fv = 1 nh Ngh (Curcuma longa L.) c s dng cha au d dy; Hong ng (Fibraurea tinctoria Lour.) c s dng chavngda,aud dy;Khoao(Urenalobata L.)cdng cha mn nht. (b) Gi tr kinh t: Thu nhpc t ti nguyn cy thuci vingi Sn Ch trong x l chacao.lbi hotng lm thuc vn cn gi nguyn trngthiskhai trnh by mc 3.6.1. Ngay c trong qu trnh i iu tra chng ti cng nhn thy cha c nh thy lang no trong x c kinh t trung bnh hay kh gi. L mt x c t l dintcht lm nghip chim 95%, cho nn sinh k chnh ca ngi dn ph thuc vo rng. Khng ch thu li t trng cc cy nguyn liunhkeo,thngngi dn cn c ngun sinh k t bun bn, thu cc loi dc liu nh trnh by mc 3.6.2 cho cc thng li Trung Quc. Hot ng ny khng th tnhc gi tr kinh t chnh xc song lichmnemli cho ngi dn l khng cao v s gim nhiu trong tng lai. Cc m hnh trng dc liu hng ha ti x mi bc u c thc hin t gianm2012vvychakim chngc nhiu v gi tr kinh t. Trong thi gian ti, vi s hon thnh quy hoch pht trin s nghip y t QungNinhn nm 2020 ca S Y t tnh, gi tr kinh t t ti nguyn cy thuc i vi khng ch ngi Sn Ch trong a bn x s c nhiu i khc.(c) Gi tr tim nng: 46 Vi vic quan nim cho rng nhng cht i t t nhin s thn thin hn vi con ngi, nhu cu chm sc sc khe bng cy c ngy cng c nng cao. Do cc u im trong tri thc s dng cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch m c bit l cc thylangu c gi tr timnngnhtnh. V d nhcySnchumech chupng(Costussp.)c cc thylangdng cha cho tr em chmng c khng ch ngi Sn Ch m cc dn tc khc trong x cng nhn v mt hiu qu.Tuy nhin ti mi ch dng bc u khai ph, tip cn vi tri thc s dng cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch, do nu mun pht trin cc sn phm c gi tr gia tng t ngun tri thc ny th cn phi tin hnh cc nghin cu sng lc su hn na. Cng c v a dng sinh hc (CDB), Ngh nh th v tip cn ngun gen v chia s li ch pht sinh t ngun gen (Ngh nh th ABS), Lut a dng sinh hc 2008 v Ngh nh65/2010/N-CPcngnhn ngun ti nguyn sinh hc ca quc gia v mi quc gia c trch nhim bo tn v duy tr tri thc, s sng to, hot ng hnh ngh ca dn chng cng nh tha nhn cc quyn ca cng ng [7]. Bi vy mi nghin cu pht trin da trn kt qu iu tra cn tn trng bn quyn tri thc cangi Sn Ch vm bo chia s li ch cng bng cho cng ng. (d) Gi tr vn ha: Nh nu phn bn lun v cch s dng (mc 4.2.5), ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm s dng cy thuc di dng tm l nhiu nht thay v sc ung. iu ny c th c dng xc nh a dng vn ha ca ngi Sn Ch do di c. Trong bc tranh tng th v cc dn tc Vit Nam, c th ni Sn Chay (bao gm Sn Ch v Cao Lan) l mt trong nhng mng cn nhiu vn cha c gii thiu y nht [10]. Cc kt qu thu thp c v phong tc trong vic khm, cha bnh, truyn dy tri thc s dng hay thu hi cy thuc(nhtrnh by mc 3.4) ca ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm u c gi tr vn ha ht sc nhn vn, mang sc thi ring. V d nh: 47 - Cch tm cy thuc ca ngi Sn Ch xThanh Lmlunnc tm sau di v lau ln ngi ch khng phi tm bn nh ngi Dao Sapa [14]. - thc bo tn cy thuc khi thu hi ca ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm cha cao nh ca ngi Hmng Ha Bnh [18]. - So vi nghin cu v ngi Sn Ch Bc Giang [10], kt qu cngcho thy nhiuimtngng v: quan nim thuccha,macu(m phi cha bng thuc l chnh, ri mi vinn cng ma); s lngloic s dng lm thuc quanh khu vc sinh sng (khong 200 loi); cch truyn ngh (cha m truyn cho con ci); phong tc khi n cha bnh (l trc khi khm v tr n sau khi khi bnh). - Tuy nhin ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm li khng c phong tc th ma ham(nhngiu cm k khngc vi phm trong ngh thuc); khng c bn th mathuc;vcngkhngccchotngthngmi t dc liu (chuyn nu cao thuc bn) nh ngi Sn Ch Bc Giang [10]. - Bn th piv, l cng gii hn lmtri(nhtrnhby mc 3.4.4) cangi Sn Ch ThanhLmkhtngng vingi Sn Ch Ph Lng,ThiNguyn.TuynhinkhcvingiSnChPhLng,Thi Nguyn,ngi Sn Ch yphnralmbal: lislnh chongi gi, sun vn cho thanh nin v m vn cho tr con. - Ngoi ra phong tc nhn nhng ngi bnh nng lm con nui u din ra vi ngi Sn Ch Thanh Lm, Thi Nguyn, v Bc Giang. 48 Chng 5: KT LUN VA XUT A.Kt lun: V da ng cc loi cy thuc: lp c danh mc 167 tn cy c lm thuc theo ting a phng. thu c 177 mu cy thuc khc nhau theo danh mc, trong c trong c 82 loi c gim nh s b n loi, 78 loi c gim nh s b n chi, 10 loi c gim nh s b n h v 7 loi cha gim nh c tn khoa hc. V tri thc s dng: t liu ha c 28 nhm bnh c phng v cha bi 177 loi,ng thi m t c cc phong tc v cy thuc v bnh tt ca ngi Sn Ch x Thanh Lm, huyn Ba Ch, tnh Qung Ninh V tr trng dc liu: Hot ng bun bn dc liu ti cc ch phin p Thanh v Thanh Lm din ra khng thng xuyn v c thc hin bi ngi Dao Thanh Y, Dao Thanh Phn, Ty v Nng. Cc thylangngi Sn Ch ch bc thuc ti nh ch khng mang thuc ra ch bn nh cc dn tc khc. Trn a bn x c 41 h gia nh tham gia trng nm Linh Chi, v 1 c s angthc hin m hnh trngBakchtm(HTXTonDn).Nngsut trng nm l 30-35kg nm kh/1 tn nguyn liu, gi bn khong 500.000 ng/1kg, loi t 3-5cm th 450.000 ng/1kg, loi t 2-3cm th ch 350.000 ng/1kg.B. xut T nhng kt lun trn, chng ti xin a ra mt s xut sau: (1)M rngtliu ha cy c lm thuc, cc bi thuc cangi Sn Ch bo tn v pht trin cy c lm thuc ca cc dn tc trn c nc ni chung v ngi Sn Ch tnh Qung Ninh ni chung. (2)nhhngvhptcvicccsnghincuvsnxut nghin cu v pht trin mt s cy thuc v bi thuc c tim nng. 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Website: 48.Cng thng tin in t tnh Qung Ninh:http://quangninh.gov.vn/vi-VN/huyenthi/huyenbache/Trang/default.aspx PH LC PH LC 1: DANH MC NHNG NGI CUNG CP THNG TINTI X THANH LM HUYN BA CH TNH QUNG NINH STTH v tn NCCTGii tnhThn 1 Dng Vn DingNamng Long 2 Lc Th MaiNng Long 3 Trng Th SuNng Long 4 Trn Vn TnNamng Thm 5 Trn DngNamng Thm 6 Vi c LuNamKhe Nhng 7 Nnh Vn KimNamKhe Nhng 8 Nnh Th DuynNKhe Nhng 9 Trn Vn LpNKhe Nhng 10 Nnh Vn Ch NamKhe Nhng 11 Dng Vn LngNamKhe Nhng 12 Phm Th SuNKhe Nhng 13 Nnh Vn SuNamKhe n 14 Nnh Vn SngNamKhe n 15 V Th PhngNKhe n 16 Triu Tin cNamKhe n 17 Trn Vn cNKhe n 18 Vi Vn VNamKhe Tnh 19 m Vn SuNamKhe Tnh 20 m KhchNamLng D 21 Hong Vn LcNamLng D 22Hong Vn VNamLng D 23Nnh Vn CngNamLng D 24Vy Vn LNamLng D 25Nnh Vn DuNamLng Lc 26Nnh Vn ChiuNamLng Lc 27Nnh Th LinNLng Lc 28Nnh Th SuNLng Lc 29Nnh Th SnNLng Lc 30Nnh Tin ThnhNamLng Lc 31Nnh Th HoaNLng Lc 32Vi Ngc TinNamLng Lc 33Trn Vn ThiNamPha Ln 34Trn Vn ThanhNamPha Ln 35Nnh Vn SiNamVng Ch 36Lng Th TnhNVng Ch 37L Vn NamNamVng Ch PH LC 2: PHIU PHNG VN LIT K T DO CY THUC Tn NCCT: Gii tnh :.. a ch:.. Cu hi: Xin bc (anh/ch/ng/b) k tn tt c cc c th lm thuc m bc (anh/ch/ng/b) bit: STTTn cy theo ting a phngDch ngha theo ting Kinh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 PH LC 3: PHIU IU TRA THEO TUYN Tn a phng : Dch ngha: Dng sng : Thm thc vt : Cch s dng (tc dng), cch dng: B phn dng, ch bin (nu c): S hiu mu:.. Ngy thu mu:.....././.. Ngi thu mu:.. PH LC 4: DANH MC CC CHI CY THUC C S DNG (xp theo th t s lng loi ca chi gim dn) TTTn khoa hc S loi T l % TTTn khoa hc S loi T l % 1Ardisia43.1029Tacca10.78 2Callicarpa43.1030Tadehagi 10.78 3Millettia32.33311.Tetracera 10.78 4Phyllanthus32.3332Tetrastigma10.78 5Premna32.3333Tinospora 10.78 6Stephania32.3334Torenia10.78 7Artemisia21.5535Streptocaulon 10.78 8Bauhinia21.5536Strobilanthes10.78 9Clausena21.5537Scoparia 10.78 10Clerodendrum21.5538Senecio 10.78 11Desmodium21.5539Solanum10.78 12Dioscorea21.5540Psidium 10.78 13Ficus21.5541Psychotria10.78 14Gardenia21.5542Pteris 10.78 15Glochidion21.5543Pueraria10.78 16Kadsura21.5544Rhapis10.78 17Litsea21.5545Rhodomyrtus 10.78 18Mallotus21.5546Ricinus 10.78 19Schefflera21.5547Rourea10.78 20Syzygium21.5548Rubus10.78 21Uncaria21.5549Saururus 10.78 22Urceola21.5550Physalis 10.78 23Zanthoxylum21.5551Piper 10.78 24Urena10.7852Plantago 10.78 25Ventilago10.7853Pogonatherum 10.78 26Vernonia10.7854Polygala10.78 27Xylopia10.7855Morinda 10.78 TTTn khoa hc S loi T l % TTTn khoa hc S loi T l % 28Tabernaemontana10.7856Mussaenda10.78 57Neolamarckia 10.7887Helicteres10.78 58Oroxylum 10.7888Hibiscus10.78 59Oxalis10.7889Illigera10.78 60Oxyspora10.7890Geophila 10.78 61Passiflora 10.7891Flueggea 10.78 62Persicaria 10.7892Ehretia10.78 63Phrynium 10.7893Elephantopus10.78 64Phyllagathis10.7894Embelia10.78 65Melastoma10.7895Emilia 10.78 66Memecylon 10.7896Entada 10.78 67Michelia10.7897Erythropalum 10.78 68Microcos 10.7898Evodia 10.78 69Lonicera 10.7899Fibraurea 10.78 70Lycopodiella 10.78100Dillenia10.78 71Lygodium 10.78101Combretum10.78 72Macaranga 10.78102Cordyline10.78 73Maclura 10.78103Costus10.78 74Maesa10.78104Curculigo 10.78 75Lablab 10.78105Curcuma 10.78 76Lasia10.78106Cuscuta10.78 77Leea10.78107Cyclea10.78 78Liquidambar 10.78108Dendrolobium 10.78 79Glycosmis10.78109Derris10.78 80Gmelina 10.78110Camelina10.78 81Gnetum 10.78111Cardiospermum 10.78 82Gomphandra 10.78112Catunaregam 10.78 83Goniothalamus 10.78113Chromolaena 10.78 84Gonocaryum 10.78114Cissus10.78 85Hedyotis 10.78115Blumea 10.78 TTTn khoa hc S loi T l % TTTn khoa hc S loi T l % 86Heliciopsis 10.78116Breynia10.78 117Bridelia 10.78124Ageratum10.78 118Cajanus 10.78125Aglaia10.78 119Abelmoschus 10.78126Amomum10.78 120Acorus 10.78127Antidesma10.78 121Actinodaphne 10.78128Aporusa10.78 122Adenosma 10.78129Aralia 10.78 123Adiantum 10.78 PH LC 5: T LIU HA CC NHM BNH C PHNG VA IU TR BNG CY THUC TT Cc nhm bnh v cy thuc cha bnh Cc bnh v triu chng M t Nguyn nhn (nu c) Hng s dng cy thuc 1 Cc bnh v ng tiu ha Sy ti thngau d dy Do cc loi giun sng trong d dy. C ba loi giun k sinh cc v tr tng ng gy ra lot d dy ti v tr . Sc ung cc cy lmcc loi giun ny say ri theo phn ra ngoi. V d: Cy ci thng (Urceola sp.), Sn leo moc (Clausena sp.), Cu nhau thng (Streptocaulon juventas (Lour.) Merr.) Thu st dtNn ra muD dy b chy mu Sc ung mt s loi nh: Long lu(Cyperaceae-HNIP/17947/13) Thng ti tuau bng Do n phi thc n l hay b lnh bng - n sng nh: Phn xanh (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob) - Sc ung nh: Xi chc moc (Gardenia sp.), Ln thong moc (Xylopia sp.) Pht sr a chy, bnh nhn au bng, mt i nhiu ln, mi ln i c lng nhiu hn l. Phn lng hoc ton nc Kit l Bnh nhn au bng qun qui, au theo cn, i a nhiu ln, mi ln i lng u t hoc khng c g. Phn by nhy ln c mu m. n khng tiuy, trng bng n thc n l b d ng Nn ma, mn nga 2 Bnh thn v tit niu (chu chy) Cc triu chng chung: au lng, au sn, b tiu hoc i tiu nhiu, nc tiu vng Sc ung cc cy nh: Vung nghing chaay (Gardenia stenophylla Merr.), Xi xa (Ardisia sp1.)Si thnBnh nhn au lng (vng tht TT Cc nhm bnh v cy thuc cha bnh Cc bnh v triu chng M t Nguyn nhn (nu c) Hng s dng cy thuc lng) t sau ra trc theo tng cn hoc au khi chmvo vng thn, c th i ra mu. Suy thn Bnh nhn mt mi, au m vng lng. Bnh nhn rt thng xuyn mi lng, i tiu nhiu, nc i . Tui gi hoc c a 3 Tng cng th lc v cha mt s bnh tr nh Cc bnh tr emChm ng, m vt, ho, m hi trm, mn nga, nht trong mm, li n, chmln, gy yu, vng da sinh l (vung xong) v.v... - Tm cc cy nh: Chm my moc (Ardisia sp2.), Sn chu me ch chu png (Costus sp.)... - Sc ung cc cy nh: Pt ma thng nhy (Pueraria sp.), Phui moc (Gomphandra tonkinensis Gapnep.) Tng cng th lc Mt mi Lao ng nng trong iu kin sinh hot thp Tm cc cy nh: Ly nhn moc (Callicarpa sp.), Ging thng (Kadsura sp.)... hoc s dng cc loi ru b ca cc cy nh: Xnh thng (Ventilago leiocarpa Benth.), Cu khc xui (Morinda officinalis F.C.How)... 4 Thuc mt (Lieng dc) Nht Nng da, nng rut, nng c, ngi gy da kh, trong bng nng ran, km n km ng. Ton thn nh bc ha, nng hng hc, ln nhiu mn nht C th b nng Cc cy thuc mt c s dng rng ri v thng c nu nc ung hng ngy thay ch. V d nh cc cy: Chi doong xa (Syzygium sp1.), Lau ct tchi (Geophila repens (L.) I.M.J ohnst.) 5 Cc bnh v c xng khp v thn kinh au cc khp au cc khp nht l khp gi (st qut thng), khp c B gi (phng) nhimvo c th hoc do yu thn v do tui gi - Thng c s dng di dng thuc tm nh cy Sn cn thng (HNIP/17878/13), Chi xy thng (Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr.) ; - Ngm ru xoa bp nh cy: Phn po thng (Kadsura sp2.)...hoc gi p trc tip vo vng bSn cnco git, ng kinh, chn tay coB gi (phng) nhim TT Cc nhm bnh v cy thuc cha bnh Cc bnh v triu chng M t Nguyn nhn (nu c) Hng s dng cy thuc rtvo c thau hay gy nh cy: Xt qut xau (Strobilanthes sp.)Qut thngau xng T b tay chnT b tay chn Xt qutGy xng tay chnNg 6Thuc hu snHu sn Ph n mi sinh n mt nhiu mu hay ang c con nh, thn th ngy cng gy yu, xanh xao Nguyn nhn do bmt ca ngi ph n vn yu hoc trong thi gian c bnh nhn khng n king hoc tip xc vi gi v nc qu sm. Dng s dng thng l tm. Thuc c hiu ring cho hu sn nh cy Hu py moc (Combretum sp.)...c kt hp vi cc loi Thuc b mu nh Pc png co moc (Antidesma sp.)...Ngoi ra cn kt hp thm cc mn n truyn thng nh "chu nh" (b ru nu vi trng). 7 Cc bnh v sng, ph TrongSng, khi cng, ty Chn thngMc ch lm lu thng huyt dch ti ch. S dng di dng tm nh cy May cu thau (Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites), p nh cy Sn phn thao chay (Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng.) hay ngm ru xoa bp nh cy Ti chng moc (HNIP/18021/13) PhuPh, khi mm, n lmn phi thc n l nn khng tiu hoc l biu hin ca bnh gan, thn hoc phi. 8 Cc bnh do thi tit (cmcm, nhc u) v st rt Pht liang St rt, c m t l vic bnh nhn c thn nhit tng i km vi cmgic rt run. Trong nm 2012 trmy t x lm xt nhim cho 118 ngi trong x nhng khng trng hp no pht hin c k sinh trng st rt Thng ra trmy t x khmcha cho mt cng i thu hi Oi Cc triu chng cmcmdo thi tit: ngt mi, ho Do thi tit v cc yu t ngoi cnh Thau thngau u TT Cc nhm bnh v cy thuc cha bnh Cc bnh v triu chng M t Nguyn nhn (nu c) Hng s dng cy thuc Pao phngNhimlnh, trng gi 9 Cc bnh ng h hp Vim ng h hp trn (theo trmy t x) Ho (khongha) tc ngc, kh th. Cha r Sc ung cc cy nh: May cu thau (Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites), Chn tu moc (Ficus heterophylla L.f.), Ti l san (Michelia sp.) 10 Cc bnh ngoi da, ung nht v dit k sinh trng HnNga ni chungCha r SnUng nht ni chungCha r Cy sn nMn nga, phng rp daTip xc vi cy sn Tmcy Pic dung my xo (Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum Turcz.) Cc bnh ngoi da c th ly Gh, thy u,..Cha r Cch ly ngi bnh v vt dng. ng thi s dng cc loi cy nh Ma moc nhy (HNIP/17943/13), Pic v moc nhy (HNIP/17944/13) phng bnh ny lyHoong vn Nga thnh mng ln, xung quanh ngi, li so k c khi cha khi Cha r Tm, gi p cc cy nh: Hc kht te (Pteris semipinata L.),Thn mu lc (Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle)...hoc ung cc cy nh: Mao cht cong (Glochidion sp.),Thn hoong lc (Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner)... Kc pan hn C bn chn nga v nga rt d di. Cha r Nhau cc tu xoong hch Nga hai bn tay v bn chn khi tip xc nhiu vi nc Cha r Chi xy xoong Ln nhiu mn nh chn do gim chn t vo chung ln Cha r Thn hoong pn Nga vi mn nh to thnh nhng vt nh con rn cun quanh ngi. Ngi bnh c th st, i khi cn km theo co cng ngi Cha r Ly mt bi khng cho ch nga lan rng ri dng thuc tm, p hoc ung nh trn TT Cc nhm bnh v cy thuc cha bnh Cc bnh v triu chng M t Nguyn nhn (nu c) Hng s dng cy thuc Dit k sinh trng Dit cc loi chy rn k sinh trn u tc Cha r Ngm ru bi: Moc tu (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.)11Bnh ph khoa Ph i tinh hon, nga, ni mn, c mn b phn sinh dc Cha r Tmcy Solanum sp.-HNIP/17951/13,Sn chu pu chay(Syzygium sp2.) 12Bnh v mtNhn thngau mt, mtCha r un ly nc dp ln mt hoc ngm thnh ru ri dng ru ny dp ln mt nh cy Lc si moc (Aralia armata (Wall. ex G.Don) Seem.) 13Ung th v Cmthy au, nng n hoc ni hch ngc Cha r Gi p (cc cy ny c c) nh: Sn phn thao chay moc (Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng.) phi hp vi sc ung (cc cy khng c c) nh Sn ng la chy (Glycosmis sp.) 14 Bnh v rng ming Nhit ming C mn nht trong mm(hy nin), m, mn nht trn li B nhitSc nc ngmhoc ngm ru ngmcc cy nh: Lc nghe moc (Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lam.) DC.), Lc tri (Zanthoxylum myriacanthum Wall. ex Hook. f.), Lc si moc (Rubus sp.) Vimli, su rng V sinh rng ming kmau rng 15Bu cThau cpC b sng ln nhng khng au C th xy ra khi c th b nng hoc mi b st rt xong, c th cn ang yu Sc ung hoc gi p vo c cy Sn chu pu chay (Syzygium sp2.), Thn hoong thng (Hedyotis capitellata var. mollis Pierre ex Pit.) 16 Thuc cmmu, lin vt thng v cha rn cn Rn cnRn cn Gi p ln vt thng cc cy nh: Meo ong sy moc (Breynia sp.), X trung cun (Gonocaryum lobbianum (Miers) Kurz), Thng mi thng (Gnetum montanum Markgr.) Gai m, chy mu, chn thng phn Chn thng Gi p ln vt thng cc cy nh: Thn mu lc (Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle), Ln nhc thng (Vernonia sp.) TT Cc nhm bnh v cy thuc cha bnh Cc bnh v triu chng M t Nguyn nhn (nu c) Hng s dng cy thuc mm17Thuc th Ln bnh Ln chn n, b n, chy di hai bn mp, nu khng cha tr smth con ln bnh s cht Cha r Gi nt l cy Chi nga moc (Bridelia monoica (Lour.) Merr.) ly nc cho ln ung 18R ruSay ruUng nhiu ru Ly l Tong dp (Phrynium pubinerve Blume) gi nt v p vo lng bn chn ngi say. Nhng nhng iu ny phi giu khng cho ngi ang say bit 19Quai bLc ln Sng au v tr trong m gn mang tai, kmtheo c st hoc nhc u, c th mt mi Cha r Tmhoc sc ung cy Sn chu pu chay (Syzygium sp2.) 20 An thn, cha mt ng Mt si Kh ng, mt ng, ng khng su Cng thng Sc ung cy Moong chong chy (Passiflora foetidaL.) 21 Phng chng dch bnh

Tng cng sc khng khi c dch bnh trong cng ng Cc dch bnh v ng h hp, bnh ngoi da Ung hoc tmcc cy: Ma moc nhy (HNIP/17943/13), Pic v moc nhy (HNIP/17944/13) 22 Phi hp trong tt c cc bnh

Dng phi hp trong tt c cc bi thuc cha bit Cu phi moc (Callicarpa sp2.) v Pc pu chaay (Physalis angulata L.) 23M phmDng lm p tc, cha gucha bit Gi u bng cy: Nhau cm chy (Phyllanthus emblica L.) PH LC 6: Nhng loi c tn ting Sn Ch trng nhau TTTn ia phng Tn khoa hcMSTBCng dng 1Cu phi moc Callicarpa sp.HNIP/17940/13Cha au u Mussaenda sp.HNIP/17932/13Cha au u v c th phi hp trong tt c bi thuc ca ngi Sn Ch 2Chi xy xau Scoparia dulcisL. HNIP/17959/13Cha nga Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L. HNIP/17870/13Cha nga 3Lc nghe moc Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lam.) DC. HNIP/17877/13Cha au rng Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. HNIP/17985/13Cha cm 4Lc si moc Rubus sp.HNIP/18017/13Cha au rng Aralia armata (Wall. ex G.Don) Seem. HNIP/17983/13Cha au mt 5Ly nhn moc Callicarpa sp1.HNIP/17896/13Tm cho khe, cha nga Callicarpa sp2.HNIP/17997/13Cha bnh ngoi da 6Moc tu Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. HNIP/18029/13au xng khp, ln nht, au u FabaceaeHNIP/17906/13Tr chy rn 7Pc pu chay Physalis angulata L. HNIP/18034/13Gi u chng nga; nht trong mm; phi hp tr cc loi bnh CardiospermumHNIP/17871/13Cha mn nht halicacabum L. TRNG I HC DC H NI B MN THC VT ***** PHIU GIAM NH TN KHOA HC S: TU 2/2013 - 178/2013 Ngi thu mu: Phm Thanh Trng Ngi gi mu: Phm Thanh Trng M1K63 H Dc H Ni Ngy thu mu: (Bng km theo) Ni thu mu: Thanh Lm Ba Ch Qung Ninh Tn a phng: (Bng km theo) Yu cu: Gim nh tn khoa hc M t mu: 177 mu, t s TU 2/2013 n 178/2013 Kt qu gim nh: Cn c vo cc ti liu thc vt hin c ti trng H Dc H Ni (bao gm: Thc vt ch Vit Nam H Asteraceae, B Liliales, H Apocynaceae, H Verbenaceae, H Polygonaceae, H Cyperaceae, H Myrsinaceae, H Annonaceae; Cy co Vit Nam Tp 1, tp 2, tp 3;T in thc vt thng dng Tp 1, tp 2; Flora of China; v cc mulu ti phng tiu bn National Taiwan University TAI; Herbier Musum Paris Musum National dHistoire Naturelle vi cc c im ca cc b phn mu cy, xc nh mu trn c: Tn khoa hc: (Bng km theo) H:(Bng km theo) Tn thng gi:(Bng km theo) H Ni, ngy 13 thng 05 nm 2013 B MN THC VT Ngi gim nh ThS. Phm H Thanh Tng TRNG I HC DC H NI B MN THC VT PHNG TIU BN CY THUC (HNIP) *** GIY CHNG NHN M S TIU BN 1.Tn mu cy -Tn khoa hc: (bng km theo) -Tn thng dng: (bng km theo) -Tn a phng: (bng km theo) 2.Ngun gc: Thanh Lm Ba Ch Qung Ninh 3.Ngy thu mu: (bng km theo) 4.Ngy np mu: 14/05/2013 5.Ngi thu mu: Phm Thanh Trng C quan: M1K63, H Dc HN 6.Ngi np mu: Phm Thanh Trng C quan: M1K63, H Dc HN 7.S hiu phng tiu bn:(bng km theo) 8.Ngigimnhtnkhoahc:DS. Nghim c Trng; ThS. Phm H Thanh Tng 9.S lng mu np: 177 Ngi np mu Phm Thanh Trng Ngi nhn mu TS. Nguyn Quc Huy PH LC 9: DANH MC CU THUC C CHNG NHN M S TIU BN V GIM NH TN KHOA HCCA NGI SN CH X THANH LM HUYN BA CH TNH QUNG NINH(SP THEO TH T TN KHOA HC) STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv 1HNIP/17927/13StrobilanthesAcanthaceae Xt qut xaugy xnggi p thn, l 1.00 2HNIP/18031/13 Acanthaceae Hoong lam nhum cm; gy chn tay tm, sc ung ton cy 0.67 3HNIP/17986/13 Acorus gramineus Sol. Acoraceae Thch xng b Hng bihu sntmton cy 0.67 4HNIP/17919/13Cordyline sp.Agavaceae Slt xibnh ngoi datmthn, l 0.40 5HNIP/17933/13 Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. AmaryllidaceaeSmcauSn pa moiung cho mt, bo phnu nc ungr1.00 6HNIP/17889/13 Annonaceae Pi ga mocbnh ngoi datmthn, l 0.40 7HNIP/17903/13Xylopia sp.AnnonaceaeLn thong moc au bngnhai, ungl, v0.40 8HNIP/17968/13 Goniothalamus vietnamensis BnAnnonaceae B bo en Pi moc enb bo sc ung, ngmru, n r1.00 9HNIP/17865/13TabernaemontanaApocynaceaeTo xng moc cmmu, lin vt thng gi pl0.60 10HNIP/17873/13 Urceola rosea Hook. & Arn. Apocynaceae Rng ba hng Skhm sln thng ph tm, ung, gi p thn, l 0.40 11HNIP/17881/13Urceola sp.Apocynaceae Cy ci thngd dysc ungc0.33 12HNIP/18038/13 Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites AraceaeChc gaiMay cu thauph, tc ngc kh thtm, sc ung ton cy 0.40 13HNIP/17914/13ScheffleraAraliaceae p kec mocngatm thn,0.67 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv l 14HNIP/17983/13 Aralia armata (Wall. ex G.Don) Seem. AraliaceaeCungLc si mocau mt sc nc dp vo mt thn, l 0.40 15HNIP/18012/13Schefflera sp1.Araliaceae Ly lm mocau csc ung thn, l 0.38 16HNIP/17935/13Rhapis sp1.Arecaceae Sn xi mocb, cho ngi mt mingm rur, l0.60 17HNIP/17910/13 Streptocaulon juventas (Lour.) Merr. Asclepiadaceae H th trng Cu nhau thng d dy, au bngsc ung thn, l 0.40 18HNIP/17869/13 Artemisia vulgaris L. AsteraceaeNgi cuNgoi au u, cmst, au bng, nhimlnh; lmbnh n sng; ch ngi nhung, tmthn, l 1.00 19HNIP/17870/13 Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L. Asteraceae C ct ln Chi xy xaunga c chntmton cy 0.40 20HNIP/17876/13 Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.RobAsteraceaeC loPhn xanhau bng, cmmunhai nut, pl 0.60; 1.00 21HNIP/17911/13 Emilia sonchifolia (L.)DC. ex Wight. AsteraceaeChua lMa lau nhyau ugi p ton cy 0.40 22HNIP/17913/13 Senecio nagensium C.B.ClarkeAsteraceaeVi hongXch loong xauau bng, ln nhtsc ung thn, l 0.67 23HNIP/17916/13Vernonia sp.AsteraceaeLn nhc thng nhanh lin vt thnggi p, tmthn, l 1.00 24HNIP/17926/13 Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. Asteraceaei biV gn mu au u, b trng gi tmthn, l 1.00 25HNIP/17956/13Elephantopus sp.Asteraceae Thu ty mengCm, nga csc ung ton cy 0.40 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv 26HNIP/18030/13 Artemisia lactiflora Wall. ex DC. Asteraceae Ngi chn vt Cy nhy tchi au xng khp, gy chn tay l gi p; ton cy sc ung ton cy 0.60 27HNIP/17917/13 Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz. BignoniaceaeNc ncp ph mocngatmthn, l 0.40 28HNIP/17908/13Ehretia sp.Boraginaceae My xng au xng, khp, thoi ha xng sc ung, tmthn, l 1.00 29HNIP/18006/13Camelina sp.Brassicaceae Sn xa moci ngoi ra musc ungl0.60 30HNIP/17989/13 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Caprifoliaceae Kimngn Cm ngn vbi b tr con, ngatmton cy 0.60 31HNIP/17998/13Combretum sp.Combretaceae Hu py mochu sntmthn, l 1.00 32HNIP/17995/13Rourea sp.Connaraceae Tht thngtr con chm i ngtmthn, l 1.00 33HNIP/17973/13Cuscuta sp.Convolvulaceae Tu sly thngtmcho tr con khetmthn, l 0.40 34HNIP/17965/13Costus sp.CostaceaeSn chu me ch chu png tr con chm ngtmthn, l 1.00 35HNIP/17947/13 Cyperaceae Long lunn ra musc ungl0.67 36HNIP/17994/13 Tetracera scandens (L.) Merr. Dilleniaceae Chc chu Sm phn thng tr con mn nhttmthn, l 0.40 37HNIP/18011/13Dillenia sp.Dilleniaceae Phi pha mocau xng khptmthn, l 0.29 38HNIP/17953/13Dioscorea sp1.Dioscoreaceae Ct ma thngvng datmthn, l 0.40 39HNIP/17982/13Dioscorea sp2.Dioscoreaceae ng qu phbngm rur1.00 40HNIP/17864/13Glochidion sp.EuphorbiaceaeMao cht cong cha mn nhtsc ung ton cy 0.40 41HNIP/17868/13 Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) EuphorbiaceaeBng nThn mu lcbnh ngoi da, ln mntmthn, l 0.43 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv Royle42HNIP/17899/13 Aporusa dioica (Roxb.) MueIl.-Arg. EuphorbiaceaeTai nghNay mocngatmthn, l 0.67 43HNIP/17909/13Mallotus sp.EuphorbiaceaeChi hng moc nga, ung nhttmthn, l 1.00 44HNIP/17955/13 Bridelia monoica (Lour.) Merr. EuphorbiaceaemChi nga moc ln khng n cm, chy di 2 bn gi ung thn, l 0.33 45HNIP/17963/13Mallotus sp.EuphorbiaceaePic tng moc ln nhttm l1.00 46HNIP/17964/13 Ricinus communis L. EuphorbiaceaeThu duPi ma chayRLTHtm, sc ung thn, l 1.00 47HNIP/17969/13 Phyllanthus emblica L. EuphorbiaceaeTmrut Nhau cm chy gi u, p tcgi thn, l 1.00 48HNIP/17972/13Breynia sp.EuphorbiaceaeMeo ong sy moc tmtr con; rn cntm; gi p thn, l 0.40 49HNIP/17996/13 Macaranga tanarius (L.) Mll.Arg. EuphorbiaceaeM rng Thng mn moc mn trong ming tr con 2-3 thng tui binha0.40 50HNIP/18009/13 Glochidion velutinum Wight EuphorbiaceaeSc lngMau st congtr l sntmthn, l 1.00 51HNIP/18014/13Phyllanthus sp.Euphorbiaceae Su sn moci ngoi khtm, sc ung ton cy 0.40 52HNIP/18016/13Antidesma sp.EuphorbiaceaePc png co moc b mu, au xng ngm ru ung; tmton cy 1.00 53HNIP/18032/13 Phyllanthus amarus(Schumach. & Thonn. Euphorbiaceae Dip h chu Nhau cm moc nhy nht trong mm, lisc ung ton cy 0.60 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv 54HNIP/17900/13 Dendrolobium triangulare (Retz.) Shindl. FabaceaeBa chSn moc tungatmthn, l 0.67 55HNIP/17906/13 Fabaceae Moc tuchy rnngm ru bi thn, l 0.33 56HNIP/17920/13Millettia sp1.Fabaceae Ca xin thngcm mu b tmthn, l 0.67 57HNIP/17939/13 FabaceaeDt thng chaay b mu sc ung, ngmru ton cy 1.00 58HNIP/17961/13Bauhinia sp.FabaceaeHoong ma thng Mn nht, mn ngatmthn, l 0.60 59HNIP/17974/13Desmodium sp.Fabaceae Nay tu xauln nht trong mm sc ung ton cy 0.20 60HNIP/17978/13Pueraria sp.FabaceaePt ma thng nhy tr emvng datm, ung thn, l 0.40 61HNIP/17979/13 Tadehagi rodgeri (Schindl.) H.Ohashi FabaceaeC bnhLng mi xautr emb mu cam tm, sc ung ton cy 0.40 62HNIP/17990/13 Millettia speciorsa Champ. Fabaceae Ti lchbngm ruc1.00 63HNIP/17993/13 Lablab purpureus((L.) Sweet Fabaceae u vn trng Kht toocha nhiu bnh sc ung, gi p, tmthn, l 0.40 64HNIP/18007/13 Entada rheedii Spreng. Fabaceae BmbmThng hc tu thng tmcho tr con ngi gi cho khe tmthn, l 0.67 65HNIP/18008/13Bauhinia sp.FabaceaeHoong ma thng nhy nga; n tht ln b phn ng tm, ung ton cy 0.67 66HNIP/18010/13Derris sp.Fabaceae Hch thng n tru; tmkhe; au u gi n, tmton cy 1.00 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv 67HNIP/18019/13Millettia sp2.FabaceaeSn nhau cc tu hc lo, nga tm, khng c ung thn, l 0.40 68HNIP/18026/13 Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr. Fabaceae Kimtin tho Cm xn xaumt, si thnsc ung ton cy 1.00 69HNIP/18029/13 Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Fabaceae u chiu Moc tu au xng khp, ln nht, au u tm, sc ung ton cy 0.40; 0.6770HNIP/17944/13 GesneriaceaePic v moc nhy chng dch bnhsc ung thn, l 1.00 71HNIP/17949/13 Gnetum montanum Markgr. GnetaceaeGmThng mi thng cha rn cngi p thn, l 1.00 72HNIP/18003/13 Liquidambar formosana HanceHamamelidaceaeSau sauPong moc nhum cm; cha ng xe p, ung thn, l 0.67 73HNIP/17931/13Illigera sp.HernandiaceaeSlm trm thng au xngtmthn, l 0.60 74HNIP/17946/13 Gonocaryum lobbianum (Miers) Kurz Icacinaceae Th o c mi X trung cuncha rn cngi p thn, l 0.67 75HNIP/17962/13 Gomphandra tonkinensis Gapnep. Icacinaceae Bo trng Phui mocb bo sc ung, ngmru, n r1.00 76HNIP/17878/13 KB Sn cn thngco rt chn tay, ttm, sc ung thn, l 0.67 77HNIP/17921/13 KB Cm x sliau csc ung thn, l 0.67 78HNIP/17943/13 KB Ma moc nhychng dch bnhsc ung thn, l 1.00 79HNIP/18018/13 KB V thng pngkh th, hotm, sc ung ton cy 1.00 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv 80HNIP/18021/13 KBTi chng moc b, ph ngm ru ung v xoa r0.67 81HNIP/18027/13 KB Vu thnh chyi ngoisc ung ton cy 0.67 82HNIP/18028/13 KB Ti lch thng phc hi sc khe, au xng khp tmthn, l 1.00 83HNIP/17902/13 Actinodaphne pilosa (Lour.) Merr. LauraceaeTamtng Dng co moc lm hng; kit lsc ung thn, l 0.40 84HNIP/17923/13Litsea sp.LauraceaeHc khao moc Bnh rng ming (li mn en trong mm) sc ungl, v0.40 85HNIP/17985/13 Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. Lauraceae Mng tang Lc nghe moc cmtmthn, l 0.67 86HNIP/17905/13Leea sp.LeeaceaeGing pht thao ung th vsc ung ton cy 0.67 87HNIP/17967/13 Lycopodiella cernua (L.) Pic. Serm. Lycopodiaceae Thng t Phng vung kht cha tr con chn n gy yu tmton cy 0.40 88HNIP/17957/13 Lygodium scandens (L.) Sw. Lygodiaceae Bng bng leo i vngsc ung ton cy 0.40 89HNIP/18020/13Michelia sp.Magnoliaceae Ti l san xng khp, au c, kh th, chn tay t sc ung, ngmru xoa bp thn,l0.67 90HNIP/17898/13 Malvaceae P vt mooto bnsc ung thn, l 0.67 91HNIP/17987/13Hibiscus sp.MalvaceaeMng chong chay mtsc ung thn, l 0.67 92HNIP/18002/13 Abelmoschus moschatus subsp. tuberosus (Span.) Malvaceae Smb chnh Pi v moc nhy p nhtp ton cy 0.67 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv Borss.Waalk. 93HNIP/18023/13Urena lobata L.Malvaceae K hoa o Keng lau ptnhtpl1.00 94HNIP/18035/13 Phrynium pubinerve BlumeMarantaceae Dong gn lng Tong dpgi ru gi p vo chn l1.00 95HNIP/17874/13MelastomaMelastomataceae Cu mu mocngagi pl0.67 96HNIP/17890/13 Memecylon fruticosum King. MelastomataceaeSmbiPi va mocung th vp thn, l 0.40 97HNIP/17930/13Oxyspora sp.MelastomataceaeNghing qut oc xui thng au xng khpsc ung, tmton cy 1.00 98HNIP/17942/13Phyllagathis sp.MelastomataceaeSao pic xu thng au mt tm, dp ln mt thn, l 0.40 99HNIP/17954/13Aglaia sp.Meliaceae Chm mocbnh ngoi datmthn, l 0.67 100HNIP/17883/13 Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. Menispermaceae Dy au xng Chi xy thng chn tay cng, cotmthn, l 0.40 101HNIP/17901/13Stephania sp1.Menispermaceae Xin mn noung nhttmthn, l 1.00 102HNIP/17941/13Stephania sp2.Menispermaceae Xin mn nonga, ung nhttm l1.00 103HNIP/17975/13Cyclea sp.Menispermaceae Xin mn nonga, ung nhttm l1.00 104HNIP/17992/13Stephania sp3.Menispermaceaenga, ung nhttm l1.00 105HNIP/18015/13 Fibraurea tinctoria Lour. Menispermaceae Hong ng Vung thng D dy, vng da, i vng tm, sc ung ton cy 1.00 106HNIP/17879/13Ficus hispida L.f.MoraceaeNgi Cy hch moc i ngoi; kitsc ungr0.67 107HNIP/17891/13 Moraceae Ngu xn chyi ngoi ra musc ung thn, l 0.40 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv 108HNIP/17912/13 Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner MoraceaeM quThn hoong lcmn en, mn tm, sc ung thn, l 0.67 109HNIP/17971/13 Ficus heterophylla L.f. MoraceaeV bChn tu mocho hensc ung thn, l 0.67 110HNIP/17895/13Ardisia sp1.Myrsinaceae Xi xasi thntm, ung ton cy 0.40 111HNIP/17915/13Ardisia sp2.MyrsinaceaeChm my moc tr con gytmthn, l 0.67 112HNIP/17977/13Ardisia sp3.MyrsinaceaeSlm sln thng au bng, mn nhtsc ung thn, l 0.67 113HNIP/17984/13Maesa sp.Myrsinaceae Sp mocRLTH; au thnsc ung thn, l 1.00 114HNIP/18004/13Embelia sp.MyrsinaceaePec slm sn thng bnh ngoi datm, ung ton cy 0.60 115HNIP/18013/13 Ardisia crenata%( SimsMyrsinaceae Trng a N my xautmcho khetmthn, l 0.67 116HNIP/17866/13Syzygium sp1.Myrtaceae Chi doong xamt nu nc nh ch l0.43 117HNIP/17966/13 Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. MyrtaceaeSim Mn chykit lsc ungl0.60 118HNIP/17970/13Psidium guajava L.MyrtaceaeiPn thu chayi ngoisc ungl1.00 119HNIP/17991/13Syzygium sp2.MyrtaceaeSn chu pu chay ph b phn sinh dc tr con; bu c; quai b tm; nu nc ung ton cy 0.40 120HNIP/18001/13 Erythropalum scandens BlumeOlacaceae Dy hng Nhm nhi thng bnh no cng cho vo, trng gi, hu sn (cy ny hay c s dng tm, sc ung ton cy 1.00 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv trong cc TH nht) 121HNIP/18033/13Oxalis sp.Oxalidaceae Pic cu slam gi u chng nga; nht trong mmgi u, sc ung ton cy 0.67 122HNIP/18000/13 Passiflora foetida( L. PassifloraceaeLc tin Moong chong chy an thn, mt ngsc ung thn, l, qu 1.00 123HNIP/17872/13 Piper sarmentosum Roxb. PiperaceaeL ltHu tchicm; st rttmton cy 0.40 124HNIP/17958/13Plantago major L.PlantaginaceaeM Hc mai tchinng bngsc ungl1.00 125HNIP/17886/13 Poaceae Nu chcngatm l1.00 126HNIP/17893/13 Pogonatherum crinitum (Thunb.) KunthPoaceae C bmnga Xi xoongmt bnu nc ung ton cy 0.29 127HNIP/17897/13Polygala sp.Polygalaceae Lau lm xaugygi n thn, l 0.60 128HNIP/17988/13 Persicaria chinensis (L.) H. GrossPolygonaceae ThmlmL n xaunhit mingtm, sc ung thn, l 0.40 129HNIP/17960/13 Heliciopsis lobata (Merr.) Sleum. Proteaceae Bn tay ma Xa ngm mocphtmThn, l 0.67 130HNIP/17863/13 Pteris semipinata L. PteridaceaeCng gHc kht te au rng; nht ngn ty sc ung, gi p thn, l 0.40 131HNIP/18025/13 Adiantum capillus-veneris L. Pteridaceae Tc thn v n Hc kht ung nht ngn tay, ngn chn gi p ton cy 0.40 132HNIP/17934/13 Ventilago leiocarpa Benth. Rhamnaceae Dy ct kh Xnh thngbngm ru ton cy 0.40 133HNIP/18017/13Rubus sp.Rosaceae Lc si mocau rng sc nc ngm, ngm ru r0.67 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv ngm134HNIP/17867/13 Gardenia stenophylla Merr. Rubiaceae Dnh dnh ni Vung nghing chaay si thnsc ung ton cy 0.29 135HNIP/17882/13 Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng. RubiaceaeGng gai Sn phn thao chay moc nht, sng ph, ung th v gi p, ko ung c thn, l 0.40 136HNIP/17887/13 Geophila repens (L.) I.M.J ohnst. Rubiaceae Rau m ni Lau ct tchimt n sng, nu nc ung ton cy 0.67 137HNIP/17894/13Gardenia sp.Rubiaceae Xi chc mocau bng, i ngoisc ung ton cy 0.60 138HNIP/17932/13Mussaenda sp.RubiaceaeCu phi moc (trng) au u, phi hp trong n thuc cc loi bnh nu nc ung, tm, gi p ton cy 0.40 139HNIP/17938/13 Morinda officinalis F.C.How RubiaceaeBa kchCu khc xuibngm rur c1.00 140HNIP/17999/13 Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser RubiaceaeGo Tng qua moc tr gy yutm thn0.67 141HNIP/18005/13Psychotria sp.RubiaceaeTo xong moc cmmup nha, l 0.40 142HNIP/18022/13 Hedyotis capitellata var. mollis Pierre ex Pit. RubiaceaeD cmThn hoong thng au c, bu c sc ung, gi p thn, l 0.40 143HNIP/18024/13Uncaria sp.RubiaceaeMy van thng nhy au xng khp, ph sc ung, ngmru ung v xoa ton cy 1.00 144HNIP/18036/13Uncaria sp.Rubiaceae Cu ngau xng khpngm ru ton cy 0.67 145HNIP/17877/13 Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lam.) Rutaceae Mung trung Lc nghe moc au rngsc nc ngm r0.60 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv DC. 146HNIP/17880/13Clausena sp.Rutaceae Sn leo mocau d dysc ung ton cy 0.67 147HNIP/17885/13Clausena sp.RutaceaePng cu moc ung th vgi p thn, l 0.67 148HNIP/17904/13Glycosmis sp.RutaceaeSn ng la chy ung th vsc ung thn, l 0.40 149HNIP/17950/13 Zanthoxylum myriacanthum Wall. ex Hook. f. Rutaceae Hong mc nhiu gai Lc tchibnh ngoi da, au rng tm, nu nc ngmthn, l 1.00 150HNIP/17980/13 Evodia lepta (Spreng.) Merr. RutaceaeBa chcSn tho moc nga, cm, men nu ru tmthn, l 0.40 151HNIP/17871/13 Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Sapindaceae Tmphong Pc pu chaymn nhttmthn, l 0.67 152HNIP/17907/13 SapindaceaeCp phi thng au cnu ungl0.67 153HNIP/18037/13 Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. SaururaceaeHmchKhng bit tnHc logi p ton cy 0.40 154HNIP/17929/13Kadsura sp1.SchisandraceaePhn po thng xng khp ngm ru ung; tmthn, l 0.60 155HNIP/17936/13Kadsura sp2.Schisandraceae Ging thngb mungmru, tm r0.60 156HNIP/17928/13 Adenosma caerolea R.Br. Scrophulariaceae Nhn trn Xi giong xa nu nc ung; chn nga chn l ln sc ung thn, l 1.00 157HNIP/17937/13Torenia sp.Scrophulariaceae Png khm xau au mm, nht trong ming sc ung, ngmton cy 0.40 158HNIP/17959/13Scoparia dulcis( L.Scrophulariaceae Camtho t Chi xy xaungatmthn, l 0.60 159HNIP/17951/13Solanum sp.Solanaceae khng bit tnph i tinh hontmthn, l 0.67 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv 160HNIP/18034/13 Physalis angulata L. Solanaceae Th l cnh Pc pu chay gi u chng nga; nht trong mm; phi hp tr cc loi bnh tm, sc ung, gi ton cy 1.00 161HNIP/17981/13Helicteres sp.Sterculiaceae Tp tng mad dysc ung ton cy 0.29 162HNIP/17892/13 Tacca plantaginea (Hance) Drenth. Taccaceae Hi u tho Xi lau pcnng bngsc ung ton cy 0.67 163HNIP/17976/13 Microcos tomentosa Sm. TiliaceaeBung laiPi pic mocmt nu nc ung thay ch l, v0.20 164HNIP/17875/13 Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum Turcz. VerbenaceaeB my Pic dung my xo bnh ngoi da; cha cy sn n tmton cy 1.00 165HNIP/17884/13Clerodendrum sp.VerbenaceaeTng loong xau ung th vgi p thn, l 0.40 166HNIP/17888/13 Gmelina lecomtei DopVerbenaceae Bng lng nc Pc xu thcau mtsc ung thn, l 0.40 167HNIP/17896/13Callicarpa sp1.VerbenaceaeLy nhn moc tmcho khe, cha nga tmthn, l 0.67 168HNIP/17918/13Premna sp1.Verbenaceae Mu tn vau utm, p thn, l 0.40 169HNIP/17922/13 Callicarpa rubella Lindl. Verbenaceae T chu Ly nhn moc nhy (l nho) bnh ngoi datmthn, l 0.67 170HNIP/17925/13Premna sp2.Verbenaceae khng bit tnau mtsc ung thn, l 0.67 171HNIP/17940/13Callicarpa sp2.VerbenaceaeCu phi moc (en) au usc ung thn, l 1.00 172HNIP/17952/13Premna sp3.Verbenaceae Si cy cnhc lotm, ngm ruthn,0.67 STTMSTBTn Khoa hcH Tn thng gi Tn ia phng Cng dngCch dng BP dng Fv bpl 173HNIP/17997/13Callicarpa sp3.VerbenaceaeLy nhn moc bnh ngoi datm, ung thn, l 0.29 174HNIP/17924/13Tetrastigma sp.Vitaceae Tr ti thng bnh ngoi da; au u; au bng tm, ung thn, l 0.67 175HNIP/17945/13Cissus sp.VitaceaeNghn oc xui thng au xng khp; c tr u gi tm; xngthn l0.67 176HNIP/17862/13Curcuma longa L.ZingiberaceaeNghVung kengnu xi; cha d dysc ungr c1.00 177HNIP/17948/13Amomum sp.Zingiberaceae Kng leocha st rttm, ung thn, l 0.40 PH LC 10: HNH NH MT S CY THUC CA NGI SN CH X THANH LM, HUYN BA CH, TNH QUNG NINH Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Cm xn Fibraurea tinctoria Vung thng Gardenia stenophylla Merr. Vung nghing chaay Lonicera japonica Cm ngn v Millettia speciosa Ti lch Sn pa moi Curculigo orchioides Tadehagi rodgeri (Schindl.) H.Ohashi Lng mi xauMn chay Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. Lc si moc Aralia armata (Wall. ex G.Don) Seem. Chi xy xau Scoparia dulcis L. Cardiospermum halicacabum Pc pu chayLy nhn moc Callicarpa rubella Lindl.