digital signal processing instructor: prof. peng yu tel : 15904510911 email : [email protected]...
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Digital Signal ProcessingDigital Signal Processing
Instructor: Prof. Peng YuInstructor: Prof. Peng Yu
TelTel :: 1590451091115904510911
EmailEmail :: [email protected]@163.com
OfficeOffice :: RoomRoom 523, Bldg. 2A, Science Park 523, Bldg. 2A, Science Park
Automatic Test and Control Institute Automatic Test and Control Institute (( 5353 专专
业)业)
School of electrical engineering and automationSchool of electrical engineering and automation
Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin Institute of Technology
2008 2008 教育部双语教学示范课教育部双语教学示范课程程
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Three Questions about Three Questions about Digital Signal Digital Signal
ProcessingProcessingQ1: Q1: WWHAT is DSP?HAT is DSP?
Q2: Q2: WWHY is DSP?HY is DSP?
Q3: HOQ3: HOWW to DSP? to DSP?
How to understand the concept of digital signal processing? What How to understand the concept of digital signal processing? What
is the relationship between other courses, signal and system, etc.is the relationship between other courses, signal and system, etc.
WHY we need DSP? It’s advantages and disadvantages?WHY we need DSP? It’s advantages and disadvantages?
General procedure of DSP. How to implement DSP algorithm.General procedure of DSP. How to implement DSP algorithm.
IntroductionIntroduction11 Basic Concepts about Basic Concepts about SignalSignal DefinitionDefinition
A Signal carries information and can be described as a A Signal carries information and can be described as a
function of independent variables in mathematics.function of independent variables in mathematics.
sin 2 500y t t ,I B x y
本课程讨论的信号为随时间变化的一维电信号。本课程讨论的信号为随时间变化的一维电信号。 y f t
Classification of SignalClassification of Signal
AnalogAnalog DigitalDigitalVSVS
TimeTime continuouscontinuous discretediscrete
AmplitudeAmplitude continuouscontinuous discretediscreteADCADC
So, the signal is discrete-time signal in a strict So, the signal is discrete-time signal in a strict manner.manner.
In undergraduate course, we only consider In undergraduate course, we only consider time time discretization discretization problem.problem.In postgraduate course, In postgraduate course, amplitude quantization amplitude quantization problem will problem will be learned.be learned.
Signal Signal ProcessingProcessing
Computer, Semiconduct and Information ScienceComputer, Semiconduct and Information Science 1960’s-1970’s1960’s-1970’s
RepresentationRepresentation, , transformationtransformation and and manipulationmanipulation
of signals and the information they contain.of signals and the information they contain.
Signal operation include:Signal operation include:
(1) Transform, filter, (1) Transform, filter, inspectioninspection, spectrum analysis; , spectrum analysis;
(2) Modulation and coding; (2) Modulation and coding;
(3) (3) Analog Signal ProcessingAnalog Signal Processing;;
(4) (4) Digital Signal ProcessingDigital Signal Processing..
IMAGE PROCESSINGIMAGE PROCESSING
Pattern recognitionPattern recognition
Robotic visionRobotic vision
Image enhancementImage enhancement
Satellite weather mapSatellite weather map
animationanimation
IMAGE PROCESSINGIMAGE PROCESSING
Pattern recognitionPattern recognition
Robotic visionRobotic vision
Image enhancementImage enhancement
Satellite weather mapSatellite weather map
animationanimation
INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROLINSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL
Spectrum analysisSpectrum analysis
Position and rate controlPosition and rate control
Noise reductionNoise reduction
Data compressionData compression
INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROLINSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL
Spectrum analysisSpectrum analysis
Position and rate controlPosition and rate control
Noise reductionNoise reduction
Data compressionData compressionSPEECH & AUDIOSPEECH & AUDIO
Speech recognitionSpeech recognition
Speech synthesisSpeech synthesis
Text to speechText to speech
digital audiodigital audio
SPEECH & AUDIOSPEECH & AUDIO
Speech recognitionSpeech recognition
Speech synthesisSpeech synthesis
Text to speechText to speech
digital audiodigital audio
MILITARYMILITARY
Secure communicationSecure communication
Radar processingRadar processing
Sonar processingSonar processing
Missile guidanceMissile guidance
MILITARYMILITARY
Secure communicationSecure communication
Radar processingRadar processing
Sonar processingSonar processing
Missile guidanceMissile guidance
TELECOMMUNICATIONTELECOMMUNICATION
Echo cancellationEcho cancellation
Adaptive equalizationAdaptive equalization
Video conferencingVideo conferencing
data communicationdata communication
TELECOMMUNICATIONTELECOMMUNICATION
Echo cancellationEcho cancellation
Adaptive equalizationAdaptive equalization
Video conferencingVideo conferencing
data communicationdata communicationBiomedicalBiomedical
Patient monitoringPatient monitoring
ScannersScanners
ECG (Electrocardiograph) ECG (Electrocardiograph)
X-ray storage/enhancementX-ray storage/enhancement
BiomedicalBiomedical
Patient monitoringPatient monitoring
ScannersScanners
ECG (Electrocardiograph) ECG (Electrocardiograph)
X-ray storage/enhancementX-ray storage/enhancement
Consumer applicationsConsumer applications
digital, cellar mobile phonesdigital, cellar mobile phones
universal mobile telecommunication systemuniversal mobile telecommunication system
digital televisiondigital television
digital cameradigital camera
internet music, phones and videointernet music, phones and video
digital answer machines, fax and modemsdigital answer machines, fax and modems
voice mail systemvoice mail system
interactive entertainment systemsinteractive entertainment systems
Consumer applicationsConsumer applications
digital, cellar mobile phonesdigital, cellar mobile phones
universal mobile telecommunication systemuniversal mobile telecommunication system
digital televisiondigital television
digital cameradigital camera
internet music, phones and videointernet music, phones and video
digital answer machines, fax and modemsdigital answer machines, fax and modems
voice mail systemvoice mail system
interactive entertainment systemsinteractive entertainment systems
22 Basic concepts about Basic concepts about
systemsystem(1) (1) SystemSystem
Device or technology of signal processing.Device or technology of signal processing.
(2) (2) Analog systemAnalog system
System with analog input and output.System with analog input and output.
(3) (3) Digital systemDigital system
System with digital input and output.System with digital input and output.
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Signals and SystemsBasic model:Basic model:
Input: xInput: x Output: y Output: y
DSPDSP 、、 FPGAFPGA 、、 SOPCSOPC 、、 SoCSoC 、、 Algorithm CodesAlgorithm Codes
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x y
• Given x and h, find y analysis
• Given h and y, find x control
• Given x and y, find h design or synthesis
h
Three Problems
33 Processing of analog signal with digital Processing of analog signal with digital
methodsmethods(1) (1) Digitalized process for analog signalsDigitalized process for analog signals
SamplSamplee
QuantizerQuantizer CoderCoderxxaa(t)(t) x(n)x(n)
(2) (2) Digital processing methodDigital processing method
A/DA/D DSPDSP D/AD/Axxaa(t)(t) yyaa(t)(t)FilterFilterx(n)x(n) y(n)y(n)
FilterFilter
4 4 Feature of Digital SystemFeature of Digital System
(1) (1) High accuracy: Floating pointHigh accuracy: Floating point-8,16,32,64 -8,16,32,64 bitsbits
(2) (2) High reliability: VLSI High reliability: VLSI (analog: drift, calibration)(analog: drift, calibration)
(3) (3) Flexible: DSP, Software, FPGA, VHDL Flexible: DSP, Software, FPGA, VHDL
(4) (4) Easy to integrateEasy to integrate
(5) (5) Deal with high dimensional signals Deal with high dimensional signals
(6) (6) Low costs: Low costs: reusable, reconfigurablereusable, reconfigurable
AdvantagesAdvantages
((77) ) Data loggingData logging
((88) ) Adaptive capabilityAdaptive capability
DisadvantagesDisadvantages
• Complex: cost and speedComplex: cost and speed
KXa(t)Xa(t) Ya(t)Ya(t)
Analog Signal ProcessingAnalog Signal Processing
A/DA/D DSPDSP D/AD/Axxaa(t)(t) yyaa(t)(t)FilterFilterx(n)x(n) y(n)y(n)
FilterFilter
Digital Signal ProcessingDigital Signal Processing
5 5 Study CaseStudy Case
currecurrentnt
SignalSignalConditioninConditionin
g g
voltagvoltagee
freqfreq
temptemp
humidithumidityy
AnalogAnalogSwitcheSwitche
s s
CPCPU U
A/D A/D MEMO MEMO DISP DISP
PCPC
PrintePrinterr
Electrical/non-Electrical/non-electrical electrical
measurementmeasurementAutomatic test systemAutomatic test system
Analog/Digital Analog/Digital CircuitsCircuits
Digital Signal ProcessingDigital Signal ProcessingDigital Signal ProcessingDigital Signal Processing
Environment monitoring SystemEnvironment monitoring System
When you speak, your voice is picked up by an analog sensor in the cell phone’s microphone
An analog-to-digital converter chip converts your voice, which is an analog signal, into digital signals, represented by 1s and 0s.
The DSP compresses the digital signals and removes background noise.
In the listener’s cell phone, a digital-to-analog converter chip changes the digital signals back to an analog voice signal.
Your voice exits the phone through the speaker.
MORE APPLICATIONS
((3) 3) NoiseNoise process process DigitalDigital filter filter
((1) Selective of A/D1) Selective of A/D Signal representation - SamplingSignal representation - Sampling
((2) Manipulation and transform 2) Manipulation and transform feature extraction and feature extraction and analysisanalysis
6. Objective6. Objective of Digital Signal of Digital Signal ProcessingProcessing
Digital SignalsDigital Signals
ManipulationManipulation DigitalDigital filter filter
MeasurementMeasurement DigitalDigital Signals Signals
SpectrumSpectrum analysis analysis FrequencyFrequency division division
DisturbanceDisturbance attenuation attenuation
77.. Research objectivesResearch objectives
1-dimentional DSP, multi-dimentional 1-dimentional DSP, multi-dimentional
DSP and the realization of DSP DSP and the realization of DSP
systemsystem
• 1D DSP:1D DSP: 1D discrete-time signals and system 1D discrete-time signals and system
• multi-D DSP:multi-D DSP: 2D or 3D image processing, etc. 2D or 3D image processing, etc.
• Realization of DSP system:Realization of DSP system:
Realization of theoretical algorithm and system Realization of theoretical algorithm and system
(filter) on software and hardware: including (filter) on software and hardware: including
system architecture, chip selective, development system architecture, chip selective, development
of the software and hardware, etc.of the software and hardware, etc.
8. Theory8. Theory of digital signal of digital signal processingprocessing• Sampling of analog signalsSampling of analog signals A/D A/D conversionconversion, , ssamplingampling theory theory, a, analysisnalysis of quantization of quantization
errors;errors;• Discrete-time signal analysisDiscrete-time signal analysis Time-domain and frequency-domain analysis, FTime-domain and frequency-domain analysis, Fourierourier
transform, transform, zz - transform, H - transform, Hilbertilbert transform; transform;• Discrete-time system analysisDiscrete-time system analysis System representation, cSystem representation, causalityausality and stability, t and stability, timeime-invariant -invariant
system, convolution, frequency response, dsystem, convolution, frequency response, digitaligital filter design; filter design;• FastFast algorithm for signal processing algorithm for signal processing FFTFFT, f, fastast convolution and correlation; convolution and correlation;• Special algorithm for signal processingSpecial algorithm for signal processing InterpolationInterpolation, , singular value analysis, deconvolution.singular value analysis, deconvolution.
9. Implementation9. Implementation of DSP system of DSP system
• GeneralGeneral-purpose computer; -purpose computer;
• Micro-control unit;Micro-control unit;
• GeneralGeneral-purpose DSP chip;-purpose DSP chip;
• Specific-design DSP chip;Specific-design DSP chip;
TI TI (leading manufacture, 70%)(leading manufacture, 70%)
ADAD, , MotoralaMotorala, Lucent, , Lucent, NECNEC
10. 10. Objectives of our learning Objectives of our learning
Understand the concept: Understand the concept:
Main idea:Main idea: solve the problem of analog signals solve the problem of analog signals with digital methodwith digital method
SampleSample
Transform: time-domainTransform: time-domainfrequency domainfrequency domain
Spectrum analysisSpectrum analysis
Filter designFilter design
Important tools:Important tools: Method to design digital filterMethod to design digital filter
11. 11. Proposed syllabus for the course Proposed syllabus for the course
Total period:Total period: 50;50; Class:Class: 4 40 0
Experiment:Experiment: 1010
• Discrete-time signDiscrete-time signaals and systemls and system
• Discrete Fourier transformDiscrete Fourier transform
• FFT and its applicationsFFT and its applications
• Design of IIR digital filtersDesign of IIR digital filters
• Design of FIR digital filtersDesign of FIR digital filters
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Curriculum in Signal ProcessingCurriculum in Signal Processing
• MathematicsMathematics
• Signals and SystemsSignals and Systems
• Signal processing theory and systemsSignal processing theory and systems
• Communications theory and systemsCommunications theory and systems
• Control theory and systemsControl theory and systems
• Applications and researchApplications and research
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Mathematics for Signal ProcessingMathematics for Signal Processing• Algebra, calculus, differential equationsAlgebra, calculus, differential equations
• Linear algebra, matrices, vector spaces, Linear algebra, matrices, vector spaces, functional analysisfunctional analysis
• Probability, statistics, random processesProbability, statistics, random processes
• Computational mathematics, numerical Computational mathematics, numerical analysis, algorithmsanalysis, algorithms
• Computer Science and EngineeringComputer Science and Engineering
• Math now has an experimental laboratoryMath now has an experimental laboratory
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Modern Engineering is DesignModern Engineering is Design
• Science Science studiesstudies and and describesdescribes what nature what nature created, what already existscreated, what already exists
• Engineering Engineering createscreates and and buildsbuilds what what society wants and needs, what does not society wants and needs, what does not already existalready exist
• Engineering uses mathematics in a Engineering uses mathematics in a differentdifferent way from science way from science
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History of Teaching and History of Teaching and Learning EngineeringLearning Engineering
• Engineering was first a trade which was Engineering was first a trade which was learned through learned through apprenticeshipapprenticeship
• Next, it was a profession which was Next, it was a profession which was learned through learned through trainingtraining
• Now it is a discipline which is learned Now it is a discipline which is learned through through education. education. Modern liberal artsModern liberal arts
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Training vs. EducationTraining vs. Education
• Old Old Engineering: How do I build a Engineering: How do I build a bridge across the river?bridge across the river?
• NewNew Engineering: How do I satisfy Engineering: How do I satisfy peoplepeople’’s desire to interact across the s desire to interact across the river?river?
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Training vs. EducationTraining vs. Education• OldOld system: Learn enough in the university to last system: Learn enough in the university to last
your professional lifetimeyour professional lifetime• NewNew system: In the university, learn the methods system: In the university, learn the methods
to continue to learn all of your life.to continue to learn all of your life.
• OldOld: study, work, then retire. : study, work, then retire. • NewNew: study and work and retire without boundary: study and work and retire without boundary
• Transition from old to new system occurred Transition from old to new system occurred around 50 years ago but education has not around 50 years ago but education has not changedchanged
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Research in the New WorldResearch in the New World• In the In the oldold system, research was done by a system, research was done by a
small number of specialist in laboratories small number of specialist in laboratories and graduate schooland graduate school
• In the In the newnew system, research will be done system, research will be done by everybody in all levels of school and by everybody in all levels of school and workwork
• Same true for Same true for ““DesignDesign””
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Education in the New SystemEducation in the New SystemShift emphasisShift emphasis from from
– Training to educationTraining to education
– Teaching to Teaching to learninglearning (teacher to student) (teacher to student)
– Passive to Passive to activeactive (and interactive) (and interactive)
– Process to Process to conceptconcept (concept inventory) (concept inventory)
– Understand to Understand to discoverdiscover
Need research in learning technical materialNeed research in learning technical material
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Technology for EducationTechnology for Education
• Matlab, Mathematica, Maple, LabViewMatlab, Mathematica, Maple, LabView
• OCW, Connexions, Wikipedia, GoogleOCW, Connexions, Wikipedia, Google
• Desktop, laptop, hand-held, mobile Desktop, laptop, hand-held, mobile phone plus Internet; social software phone plus Internet; social software systemssystems
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Open Educational ResourcesOpen Educational ResourcesThe The Open Educational ResourceOpen Educational Resource (OER) (OER)
movement was inspired by the movement was inspired by the Open SourceOpen Source movement in softwaremovement in software. .
• OOpen pen CCourse ourse WWare are ““OCWOCW”” (MIT)(MIT)
• CCononnneexxions ions ““CnxCnx”” (Rice)(Rice)
• WikiWikipedia (Wikibooks, etc.)pedia (Wikibooks, etc.)
• CCreative reative CCommons ommons ““CCCC”” (Stanford, Duke) (Stanford, Duke)
• Curriki, PLoS, EOL, Curriki, PLoS, EOL, Shuttleworth's Siyavula Shuttleworth's Siyavula Project, CK-12 Project, OSI, Project, CK-12 Project, OSI, eetc.tc.
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Connexions NowConnexions NowUsageUsage
Repository: 7300 modules, 20,000 revisions, 405 courses or books, Repository: 7300 modules, 20,000 revisions, 405 courses or books, 7200 author accounts, 147 countries, print-on-demand books7200 author accounts, 147 countries, print-on-demand books
In Oct. 2008: 17M hits, 1.0M pages views, 520K unique users In Oct. 2008: 17M hits, 1.0M pages views, 520K unique users from 157 countriesfrom 157 countries
GlobalizationGlobalization
Europe: Germany, Norway, England, etc.Europe: Germany, Norway, England, etc.
Asia: CAsia: China, hina, India, Pakistan, India, Pakistan, Japan, Vietnam, Korea Japan, Vietnam, Korea
Africa: South AfricaAfrica: South Africa
LACCEI: (conversation with Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, LACCEI: (conversation with Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay started)and Uruguay started)
23/4/19 41
Signal Processing Web Sites
• DSP an Rice: http://www-dsp.rice.edu/
• DSP at MIT: http://www.rle.mit.edu/
• Connexions at Rice: http://cnx.org/
• OCW at MIT:
• Georgia Tech, Univ. of Illinois, University of Texas, Princeton, Stanford
Curriculum schedule• Class:
0601104 , 0601201 , 0601202 ; 66 students
• Lectures : 正心 226 4th-14th week,
Mon: 5~6; Wen: 7~8;
• Experiments:
12th-13th week, G601, Thu, 5~6 • Examination: 正心 42, 17th week, Thu, 10:00~12:00
12 12 Student CommitmentStudent Commitment
AAssignmentssignment
Attendance in classes is mandatory !Attendance in classes is mandatory !
ScoresScores
Assignment Assignment ++ Experiment + Experiment + Report: Report: 10%10%
Examination:Examination: 100%100%
Presentation Project : 3~5 points
Subject is assigned by teacher
Discuss with instructor 3 days before presentation
Criterion : Content, Clear and fluent, Team works
NEW STUFFNEW STUFF
LIMITED TIMELIMITED TIME
LOTS OF WORKLOTS OF WORK
PRESSUREPRESSURE
METHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGY
PLANPLAN
EXECUTEEXECUTE
TEAM WORK TEAM WORK HAVE TO SHARE HAVE TO SHARE
NEW BEGINNING FOR YOURSELF !NEW BEGINNING FOR YOURSELF !
FOR YOUR FUTURE LIFE!FOR YOUR FUTURE LIFE!
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EmuleEmule :电驴 :电驴 P2PP2P 软件软件ICQICQ,,AOL Instant MessengerAOL Instant Messenger,,Yahoo Yahoo PagerPager, , MSN MessengerMSN Messenger,, Tencet Tencet QQQQ-most popular -most popular P2PP2P..
REVIEWREVIEW
What is DSP ?What is DSP ?
Why DSP ?Why DSP ?
How to ?How to ?
BRIEF INTRODUCTIONSBRIEF INTRODUCTIONS
ReferencesReferences1 1 Discrete-time Signal Processing. Discrete-time Signal Processing. A.V.A.V. Oppenheim, R.W.Schafer. Oppenheim, R.W.Schafer.
Pearson EducationPearson Education ,, 2002005,5,11
2 2 Digital Signals ProcessingDigital Signals Processing————using MATLAB. using MATLAB. Vinay K. Vinay K.
Ingle,John G. ProakisIngle,John G. Proakis. ISTE Publishing Company,ISTE Publishing Company, 20020088
3 3 Real-time Digital Signal Processing – Implementation, Application Real-time Digital Signal Processing – Implementation, Application
and Experiments with the TMS320C55X.and Experiments with the TMS320C55X. Sen M. Kuo, Bob H. Lee. Sen M. Kuo, Bob H. Lee.
WILEY, WILEY, 20032003,,1212
4 4 Introduction to Signal Processing. Introduction to Signal Processing. Sophocles J. Orfanidis. Sophocles J. Orfanidis.
Prentice Hall, 1998,12Prentice Hall, 1998,12
5 5 Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing.Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing. Joyce Van de Vegte. Joyce Van de Vegte.
Prentice Hall, Prentice Hall, 20032003,,11