[(`"ryz) er dpy ,l`xyi zeclez xwgl oerax ± oeiv]

dini ziy`xa ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie miig

z`nofg xi`n

zexczqdd `iyp ,lgd zixard dxiyd `iyp'

micedid cgt ltp ± eiykre wifgdÎdxgd zipeivd

.'ltp ± yigkp l`e cgkp l` .epilr1

zipeivd drepzd ly ihiletd dbidpn wx `l did ,onviie miig ,zipeivd zexczqdd `iyp

aeyiid lye zepeivd ly izeaxzd bidpnd mb `l` mixyrd d`nd ly mixyrd zepya

.zrd dze`a ipeivd lrtnd lk lr dylg ezenc .ef dtewza l`xyi ux`a icedid2cg` §

icedid' aihen `ed zepeivd zecleza xzeia mihlead miizxagdÎmiizeaxzd miaihend

dktd 'ycgd icedid' zxivi ly zipktdnd dxeyad .dzrted mxh eziy`x ik m` ,'ycgd

'zihilete zibele`ici` axw znqiql'3mipya ziriaxd diilrd ly d`ea mr l`xyi ux`a

znybd ly hand zcewpn dvx` ribiy ievxy icedid beq edine edn dl`yd .1929±1924

zizxag dxweine mibyide dcear xear milenbzn zepdil i`kf didi gxkdae ,ipeivd oeirxd

zipeivd drepzd ly meid xcq lr ecnry zeifkxnd zeibeqd oia dziid ef dl`y ± zine`le

.oecpd xeyrd zvexna aeyiide4lr eciakdy zeihew` zeihilete zeipeghia zeira xcrida

yekxl ,dxibd obx`l mipeivd ly mxyek ixd ,zrd dze`a icedid ine`ld ziad ly epepik

xzeie zihixad zeldpzda zegt ielz did zilklk dpigan ux`d z` gztle zerwxw

.mdly zelekiae mia`yna5

*qpka iz`vxd zeawra azkp df xn`n .dizex`d lr `xity dhip` 'textl dngd izcez‘Culturesin Conversation: Lessons Learnt from Hebrew Literature and Jewish History’miiwzdy ,

epinfdy hiay awri 'textle hiay xdf 'textl al axwn dcen ippd .2010 ipeia oiletay opfeta

.df qpka szzydl ize`

1.14 'nr ,(12.12.1924) d"txz elqk e"h ,qxhpew ,'mixeh' ,[i`kf cec] ciec 'f

2ziy`xe xetla zxdvd xg`ly mipyl drbpy ,lfixt xzia` ly ezriaw zeawra jled ip` df oiipra

,f"lyz aia`Îlz ,1922±1917 ,xetla zxdvd xg`l zipeivd zeipicnd ,lfixt xzia` :e`x .hcpnd ini

.319 'nr

3'nr ,f"pyz aia`Îlz ,mipyi micedi miycg micedi ,'ycgd icedid ly qezind' ,`xity dhip`

.(158 'nrn hehivd) 174±155

4;1973 aia`Îlz ,zihilete zilklk dpiga :(1929±1924) ziriaxd dilrd ztewza aeyid ,icrlb oc

±1925 izxagd oeirxde zizeayiizdd zipkzd ± zihqipeifiaxd drepzd :dpicnl aexn ,hiay awri

zepya 'miigxf`d mibegd' :l`nyl oini oia ,ixexc l`bi ;187±163 'nr ,1986 aia`Îlz ,1935

.208±202 ,118±94 'nr ,1990 aia`Îlz ,mixyrd

5Bernard Wasserstein, The British in Palestine: The Mandatory Government and theArab-Israeli Conflict, 1917–1929, Oxford 19912, p. 160

454o fg xi`n]2[

zevxgp raw `ed ,1924 xaehwe`±xanhtq miycega l`xyi ux`a onviie jxry xewiaa

lr dpaii `l ine`ld ziad la` ,'epxyan xya md iwalpne dwi'fcn epizeig`e epig`' ik§¦©©¤§¦

.dyxeea icedid raexa elld zeaegxd ly dnbecd it6ditxbeiaehe`a minil azk onviie

.dilr xabzd `l mlern `ede ,dai` oilet icedin miax el eygx dl` eixac lya ik ,ely

mdixeg`n cnr onviie ,zexidf xzia eixac z` gqpiy did ie`x ile` ik eizepexkifa oiivy s`

.eini aexra mb7eqgia ealzyd ,mixbead eiig ini lk edepiit`y ,zeihqihil`d eizeihp

egtqpy dxwrd ze`pwde zeadlzdd itlk lhand eqgine zeizbltn zeiepbx`zdl bieqnd

xxyy iniptd levitd lr xybl jxevd itlk ezepxire 'innr icedi'k eienic s` lr .odil`

'icedid oendd iign' ,epeylk ,envr ylz `ed ,zipxcend zicedid dxagae zipeivd drepza

ipeig ok lre zepeivl eiykre o`k dnewz didz `l ,rci ,eicrla .mipendd zrtydn cxge

ezleki itlk zeplaqe zeyibx ,dpad zelbl.zepzydl oendd ly

z`xwl zniiwd zicedid dxagd ly ixyt`d zencwzdd avwl dpicrd ezeyibxa

mxf meya onviieel ipy did `l ,miyweand miine`ld micrid zbyde dpxcena zealzyd

.dl dvegn e` zepeiva xg`8,ipxeb sqeie zlew l`xyi ly mzkxrd dtwz caa ca la`§¥

`vei lret da ze`xl yie ,zixwn dziid `l 'iwalp' ly dzepba onviie ly eze`hazd ik

icedin cakp wlg ly miigd zegxe`e ieedd ly zililyd drtydd iptn dtixgd ezebiizqdn

.l`xyi ux`a zipapd zicedid dxagd ly dcizrd dzenc lr dtexi` gxfn9daizkay s`

zg` `le ,dyxeea zeaegx mze` lr onviie ixac z` xikfdl mibdep dpecpd dtewzd lr

,mixg` miyi` ly dnec gqepa zetqep zeie`hazd mb mdil` sxvl10ehhxey mxhy ixd

.minid mze` ly zixehqidd ze`ivna mzernyne mzrnyd zeaiqp zizhiy dxeva egzepe

zeihxwpewd eizeklyde ezernyn zpigan ihnxc ,sqep jacp eid df xywda onviie ixac

6.31.10.1924 ,mlerd ,11.10.1924 ,'milyexia "oeiv" oexh`iza zinnrd dtq`a :onviiee .g x"cd me`p'

oeebn zei`a miriten mdy meyn ,dwi'fce iwalp zeaegxd zeny ly aizkd cge` igkepd xn`na

.mipeyd zexewna

7,yhle hxaex xirdy itk .297±296 'nr ,h"yz aia`Îlze milyexi ,yrne dqn ,onviiee miig

lr zeiyi` zeiyxtk obivdl sicrde zeipiipr zewelgn ly divwecx extqa zeyrl daxd onviie¦

:e`x .micbepn miihilet zepexwre zepeirx oia zeccenzdk ozpiga oeaygRobert Weltsch, ‘ATragedy of Leadership’, Jewish Social Studies, 13 (1951), p. 213

8,lfixt xzia`e zlew dxty ,abei dilcb zkixra ,e ,onvie zexb` ,5.6.1914 ,qpbnl onviie azkn

,e`x onviie ly mfihil`d lr .324±323 'nr ,(2 dxrd ,lirl) lfixt ;416 'nr ,e"lyz milyexi

.414±413 'nr ,e"pyz milyexi ,i`picn ly eziilr :onviie miig ,uxdpiix dcedi :lynl

9sqei ;15 'nr ,e"lyz aia`Îlz ,micqiine zea` ,'onviie miig ly ezebidpn ziilr' ,zlew l`xyi

.73 'nr ,1976 aia`Îlz ,l`xyiÎux`a milretd zrepze onviie miig :wa`ne zetzey ,ipxeb

10,e"nyz milyexi ,1926±1915 zeedzdd zepy :oileta zipeivd drepzd ,oeqlcpn `xfr :lynl ,e`x

;312±311 'nr ,a"nyz milyexi ,1929±1917 ,oileta uelgd zrepz ,miidpte` l`xyi ;243±239 'nr

,e"qyz milyexi ,miyelyd zepya zipeivd diilrd zeipicn :onfd cbp letk uexina ,yinlg daia`

,crlb ,'ipyd xecd ipira 1932±1924 mipya oiletn diilrd :mipae zea`' ,cltpy zex ;428 'nr

.cix±bix 'nr ,(1997) fh±eh

]3[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie455

miifkxn miwlg eykxy zkynznd zeikxrÎeca ,ziaeyiide zipeivd ze`ivnd aevir lr

ezebdpzde eiig zegxe` .llkk itexi` gxfnd icedid itlk daxrne dtexi` fkxn zecdia

mihxtk micedid ly zealzydde zexrzdd ikildz lr miciaknk mdipira eqtzp df ly

'zicedid gexd' mre icedid lhrhyd mr dwenrd zexkidd .divfipxcend zenbna aihwlewke

diigc iybx mb j` ezeaxz zexewn mr ziybx zedcfd mb onviie lv` dciled epnn dhaipy

.zi`ehbd eziieed itlk11

l`xyi ux`l zipletd diilrd ienic ly ezerawzd ziy`x z` zFRnl izpeeka df xn`na©

zihiletd ezebidpn z` onviie avir day jxcd z` jk ab` xi`dle ,ziriaxd diilrd zepya

zeyxl ecnry mirvn`a jxr ax ilk mini mze`a did ianetd me`pd .aeyiia zizeaxzde

ixivn cg` eine`p eynyi ok lre ,zipeivd drepzd iagxa ezyib z` ligpdl ick onviie

.oldl bveiy oeicd

znev did 1924 xaehwe`±xanhtq miycega l`xyi ux`a onviie ly exewia ,izprhl

dieeda 'mipletd' ly felpd mienic xaca aihxpd ly ezrnhdae eyeaiba rixkne ifkxn¨

dtwzyde d`hazd eay ote`d zwical ogan dxwn ynyi df xewia ,zra da .ziaeyiid

xacd ,izkxrdl .l`xyi ux`a mieedznd miipeivd miigd lr onviie ly ezrtyde ezxeka

mr epnpy miyi`y meyn mb `l` ,mnvrykl onviie ly eixacne exewian wx rap `l

ewifgd izeaxzd megza ziaeyiid dxaga zegexd jld lye ldwd zrc ly miavrnd ixika

aeyiid iagxa dzrnhdle dgetihl liawna elrte ,oecpd `yepa onviie ly efl dnec drca

.xn`na epeciiy efa ef zeaelyd zeibeqd izy zxdada izedn aikxn edfe ,zipeivd drepzae

ly mibele`ci`d' hiay awri dpkn dze`y dveawd l` ekiizydy ,elld miyi`d mr

,zixard zine`ld 'zeaxzd12'ux`d' oezir jxer ,wil`ia ongp miig ine`ld xxeynd epnp

dyn (l`xyi ux`a zicedid dxaga ihqihil`de ritynd ineid oezird did f` xaky)

bxezx` zipeivd zexczqdd zldpd xage beleiveqd ,xpfelw sqei zextqd xwege jxerd ,oeqwil

,'xirvd lretd' oereayd jxer ,oatel wgvie bxapixb iav ixe` xxeynd ,oitexdnad didy

eid `l dl` micakp miyi` .onf eze`a milretd dpgn ly daeygd zi`pezirdly dxeag

ecinzdy ,zeil`ecieeicpi` zeienc `l` ,miixeaivd miiga mkxce miite` it lr 'on`' ixne`

lr mdizetwyd z` i`nvr gxe`a yabllka `le cinz e`x `l mzvw .zipeivd ze`ivnd

xn`nd wqer eay `yepa mle`e .maxe mxen z` onviieea ± weti`a gqpzdl m` ± oiipr

dcrep ef .dl dwewf zepeivdy diilrd beq iabl dnec dcnr ,mipey mipeeba ,enr ewlg md

icedid aeyiide ux`d ziipaa dcwnzd `l` iciin ote`a mr zlvdl `weec e`l zr dze`a

11:lynl ,e`xSteven E. Aschheim, Brothers and Strangers: The East European Jew inGerman and German Jewish Consciousness, 1800–1923, Madison 1982, pp. 89–91zrti ;

.35±32 'nr ,`"qyz milyexi ,1940±1933 ,oilet icedie dipnxb icedi :zegxf`e zeipz` ,qiie

12ceqi zecnr :l`xyi ux`a zine`l dxag ly dzxivi jildza zeaxzd ly dcnrn' ,hiay awri

zeaxz ly dziipa :dpey`xd diilrd f`n l`xyi ux`a icedid aeyiid zeclez ,'ceqi ibyene

.14 'nr ,h"pyz milyexi ,hiay xdf zkixra ,l`xyi ux`a zixar

456o fg xi`n]4[

zxibda zipeivd diilrd zeipicn f` dlbc jk myl .izbxcde zqEen ,xwEan ,xceqn ote`a

zeayiizdle zine`l diigzl `iazy zilklke zizxag zizyz zgpdl mini`znd miyp`

.zepzynd zeihiletd zeaiqpd xe`le ,iefgde miiwd dhilwd xyek qiqa lr ux`d iagx lka13

xiw' oebk ,drcez zeavrn zpigaa eidy aeyiid zecleza zexg` spk zexn`l dneca

iqgil rbepa wvpixty sqei rahy 'miax `l` aex `l' ;iwqpihea'f a`f ly 'lfxad

mglipe ,oal xtq oi` eli`k mipnxba mglip'e 'mrl cnrnn'e ;l`xyi ux`a miaxrÎmicedi

mb zEcga zvnz dl` lkl dneca ± oeixebÎoa cec ly 'mler zngln oi` eli`k mihixaa

.dtewzd ixbz` mr zeccenzdl zipexwr dyib 'dwi'fce iwalp' lr onviie ly hilwd mzknd©¨¦

zixehqid han zcewpn dygxzd o`k oecizy ziriaxd diilrd inia 'dwi'fce iwalp' zyxt

ly dpweic aevirl onviie ciredy xzeia aeygd izeaxzd fkxnd ly ezgizt axr ynn

cqen .1925 lixt`a jpgidl dcizrd ,milyexia zixard dhiqxaipe`d ± zicedid dxagd

did mixyrd d`na icedid mrd ly zizeaxzde zine`ld diigzd zexewa df zeaiyg ax

aevira dpeilr zeaiyg lra xiykn ± 'iyilyd ziad' z` ea d`xy ± onviie ly ezhiyl

.ezeipeig zhladae icedid mrd ly elxeb

,dcrep l`xyi ux`a zyabznd zipxcend zicedid dxaga zixard zeaxzd ly dzhlyd

zicedid dxagd z` dpiit`y efn dpey zilklkÎzizxag dieed zxivia riiql ,x`yd oia

znc` lr itexi` gxfn gqepa icedi lhrhy zxivin onviie cxg lkn xzei .dtexi` gxfna

`ed .dxewna dcqep oprnly micril cebipae zipeivd drepzd ly dzeqga ,l`xyi ux`

dlgnd' fer qenr minil dpki eze` xy` ytpd jld ly oekizd gxfnd itegl `eaiin yyg

zixard dxagd ly dpiipa inegz oeebna zeizeaxzd zerxkdd ,ef dpigan .'zipbxea xirfd

.min`ez miizeaxz mibdpne mikxr getihle zeaxz zecqen aevirl wx `l ecrep dycgd

avrl zxzegd ,dycg 'dil`x' ly dzenwxid jildz z` epniq dl` zerxkd zra da¥

zekxrn ipt lr zeihppinec dl wiprie zipktdnd zine`ld diigzd ikildz z` oifiy x`ehxtx

llkiiy ie`x dne inihibl dn driawa ,diqexa ayend megz ly zeizxeqnd miigd

.dzxbqna14etwiyy dn lr onviie liaedy dtwzdd dcrep ,mixkfpd mihaidd lr qqazda

miilklke miizxag ,miizeaxz zeleab mFgzl miicedid miiga 'dwi'fce 'iwalp' elniqe¦

.l`xyi ux`a zipeivdÎzine`ld zihiletd zelirtl

13zeclez ,'(1930±1918) mixyrd zepya l`xyi ux`a dxag oiipae dhilw ,diilr' ,wqil dyn :e`x

,wqil dyn zkixra ,a ,ihixad hcpnd ztewz :dpey`xd diilrd f`n l`xyi ux`a icedid aeyiid

' ,yinlg daia` ;245±213 'nr ,d"pyz milyexi ,odk l`ixabe `xity dhip`"ziaihwlq diilr"

uxdpiix dcedi ,`xity dhip` zkixra ,zepeivd ocir ,'miipeivd ditxbeixehqidae dyrna ,oeirxa

.202±185 'nr ,q"yz milyexi ,qixd awrie

14milyexi ,zebidpnd l` jxca :onviie miig ,uxdpiix dcedi ;29±9 'nr ,(12 dxrd ,lirl) hiay

xe`a ,fer qenr ;352±349 'nr ,a ,f"vxz aia`Îlz ,mixac ,onviie miig ;433±404 'nr ,f"nyz

.133±125 'nr ,h"lyz aia`Îlz ,dfrd zlkzd

]5[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie457

aia`Îlze ziriaxd diilrd .`

dxibdd z` xzeia mvnv xy` cixÎoeqpe'b weg zixad zevx`a xye` 1924 i`na 26Îa

.dtexi` gxfnn zicedid dxibdd z` mb df llkae ,dil`15dvaeyy ,hrnk zinzq dricia

20Îa ,ycegn zegt xeark 'mlerd' zipeivd zexczqdd oe`hia ly dwipexka gcip mewna

' :azkp ,ipeial`xyi ux`l dipletn dilrd zxeabzzkled i"`l dipletn dilrd ±

.ytp 200 ± ezxgnle [!] dgtyn miyly dyxeen elr ipeia xyr cg`a .meil mein zxaebe

.'dilrd jldn lr gwtl dipletl cgein gkÎ`a zgley l`xyiÎux` zlynn16lekd jqa

miyxn lecib ,i`n ycega myn elry yi` 359 znerl oiletn micedi 771 yceg eze`a elr

.micedi 140 wx oiletn elr qxnay xg`l hxta ,mcewd ycegd znerl mifeg` 46.6 ly

.miler 60,000Îk dvx` zelrl micizr 1926 ipei cre o`kn17dcepz lkl miyibxd miyeynd

mrtd mb eaihid ,il`xyivx`d milretd dpgn z` epiit`y ,ux`d iiga ygxzna zizedn

xyia eay mei eze`a mqxety xn`na .dzeygxzd rbxa ynn dxenzd z` zedfle yegl

xicbdle zvnzl likyd xak ,oiletn diilrd ly zv`end zexabzdd lr ei`xewl 'mlerd'

dziid ef .'ziriaxd dilrd' :milretd dpgna eizinrl zixehqidd drtezd z` oatel wgvi

diilrd ly dlxeb z` reawl cizrd iyewd z` dceg lr cinrd mb day ,ezniyx zxzek

:zrk mi`xp dipvipy

zepyl ,ine`ld ogana ecnri meik milerd zlekid ilrae mizad ilra ibeg m` zrcl oi`

mday) cgi mb miizeaxzde miilklkd ,miihifxtd mdiig ikxr z` mb mxebn mewn mr cgi

ektdie ,(ixfk` dk ote`a meik mwpznd ,rfbd ly dfd lecbd oealrd lk ceq mvra oetv

.ux`a mixveie miiaihwecext zegekl18

,zeivelgd ± zepey`xd zeilrd yelyl cebipa zcnerk dqtzp ziriaxd diilrd

xtka `l `ed zil`xyivx`d ze`ivna dnzegy efkk xwirae ,zeipxvide zeiaihwlqd

.aia`Îlza cgeina ,miipexird miizgtynd miigde xgqnd gezitae xira `l` ze`lwgae

dzenc z` oiivy 'izxagd qetihd' ,milretd dpgn mr zepnidl cizr dpiipn aex m` s`

dpey`xl .miipexir zerevwnn qpxtzde xirl sxhvdy df did dilr enzeg z` riahde

miigd oeayg lr zepeiva iaihw`de inpicd mxebk xird dxiihvd ycgd aeyiid zecleza

,oeixebÎoa cec ,zillkd micaerd zexczqd xikfn myx wenr yyga .mdibeql miixtkd

15Howard M. Sachar, A History of the Jews in America, New York 1993, pp. 322–324.

exbid mifeg` 16.4 wxe ,zixad zevx`l exbid 1924 zpya mlera micedid mixbdnd on mifeg` 59

mifeg` 52.1 dzpn l`xyi ux`l zicedid dxibdde ,zexveid ektdzd 1925 zpya .l`xyi ux`l

:e`x .micedid mixbdnd llkn cala mifeg` 15.6 dzpny zixad zevx`l dxibdd znerlJacobMetzer, The Divided Economy of Mandatory Palestine, Cambridge 1998, p. 66

16.xewna dybcd ;20.6.1924 ,mlerd ,'zipeivd drepza'

17oic ;235±234 'nr ,1925 oecpel ,c"id qxbpewl zipeivd zexczqdd ly daihewqk`d oeayge oic

.209 'nr ,1927 oecpel ,e"hd qxbpewl zipeivd zexczqdd ly daihewqk`d oeayge

18.20.6.1924 ,xirvd lretd ,'ziriaxd dilrd' ,oatel 'i

458o fg xi`n]6[

etxhvd ziriaxd diilrd iyp`n mifeg` dray wx ik ,1924 xanaepa 7Îa epneia

.zexczqdl19dcaera `hazd ziriaxd diilrd ztewza aia`Îlz ly ihnxcd lecibd

wepif ,ytp 34,200 dzpn `id 1925 zpyae ytp 21,610 dziiqelke` dzpn 1924 zpyay

.feg` 58 ly20rvn`a m` .da egztpy zeiepgd rty did xird ly dlecibl ifkxn ccn

45 lk lr zepg xira dziid 1924 rvn`a ixd ,zeytp 113 lk lr zepg da dziid 1921

zxikny meyn ,miwqeiw eid odn 43 ,1924 zpya da e`vnpy zeiepgd 750Îk llkn .zeytp

zeqpxtd inegz dpan .'dilr mivtewd eax'e dlecb zipey`x drwyd dyxc `l dcilbe fefb

zitexi`d dxaga ax dk fekixa did ievn ± 'ziqpp dk`lne hert xgqn' ± da yabzdy

mewnk minid mze`a dx`ez aia`Îlz .diqexa icedid ayend megz ly zexiirae mixra wx

.'dfn df miqpxtzne lith iig miig eid diayei aexy ,dleba zgcpd dxird z`' xikfnd21

qez` mibviink eqtzp mixyrd zepy ly aia`Îlza eyabzde ekldy miigd zegxe` ,ok`

ieliad ilbxd z` ,zexzenl dee`zd z` ,zixnegd dkixvd zeaxz z` ycwnd ,ihqipecd

oeayg lr gxkda mi`ay ink ebved dl` lk .dpp`yde zbprnd rbxd z`pd z`e ipxftd

oefgd znybd `ed mceriie mzlebqy ,llkd ornl daxwdde zeptbqd ,hrena zewtzqdd

ipeivd l`ci`d zeceqi zgz mixzegk encpy ,elld zepzpdpd iig ly mixwand ipira .ipeivd

.ifkxn mewn ziriaxd diilrd ini ly aia`Îlz d`lin ,ecigkdl minii`ne22,lek mcew

miicedid miixeaivd miigl ycg mxeb ly ezqipk lr ziriaxd diilrd dxyia ,lekn xzeie

oe`yd ,dk`lnde zepgd ,dkixvde diipad ,xgqnde fefbd mpn` .aegxd ± l`xyi ux`a

,miil`xyivx`d miiga dllegy dxenzd lye ef diilr ly miwdaend xkidd ieezn eid oendde

miniiw eid xak zeaegx .aegxd did ditpka d`yp `idy hlead ixeaivd yecigd la`

aia`Îlza s`e etiae dtiga oaenke ,ycewd ixr rax`ae dpey`xd diilrd zeayena

ly ezenc z`e eiig z` avrnd mxebl f` cr ektd `l mzrtyde mzegkep j` ,dxirvd

zepwiica riavd ,ziriaxd diilrd lr iqlwd exn`na .l`xyi ux`a yabznd ipeivd llkd

z` dktdy' ,ef diilr ly dnexzd lr ,xirvd lretd zbltn ibidpnn ,aexefelx` miig

.uetp oeifigl 'ycgd aeyid zelidw jeza zeaegxd dfgn23dielb dziid dxen`d zeygxzdd

zexidaa xicbdy ,opeynd ugd xgap oeekn zpeekae oica ik reawl xyt` .lek oirl dteyge

iaia`Îlzd 'aegxd' ly ezaezkl `weec glEye ,ziriaxd diilrd ly dnzeg z`e diite` z`©

iqetc lr zepryid jez ,eizeiernyne eienic ,ed`xn ,eizegxe` ,eipkz lr ,yabznd

.zicedid dyxe ly dizeaegxa zeldpzdd

19xanaepa 7 ,oeixebÎoa onei ;11.5.1925 ,xirvd lretd ,'ziriaxd dilrd zkxrdl' ,aexefelx` miig

.oeixebÎoa cec oeikx` ,1924

20aia`Îlz ,aep`iexc xzl` zkixra ,aia`Îlz xtq ,'aia`Îlz lr dwihqihhq iwxt' ,qiext xhl`ee

.341 'nr ,e"vxz

21.31.10.1924 ,mlerd ,'dizeqpxte aia`Îlz' ,iwqplinq a`f ;(19 dxrd ,lirl) aexefelx`

22fern ;121±116 'nr ,g"qyz dtig ,hcpnd ztewza ziaia` lz zeaxz :detiwd mie xe` ,onld zpr

42±41 'nr ,2005 xweaÎdcy ziixw ,zixehqid ditxbezin :zizin`d xird aia`Îlz ,edixfr.

23.cere 237 ,169±153 'nr ,my ,onld :mb df oiipra e`x .(19 dxrd ,lirl) aexefelx`

]7[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie459

l`xyi ux`a 'iwalp' zni` .a

dpyl zg` l`xyi ux`a miiwl bdp `edy xewial onviie ribd 1924 xanhtqa 24Îa

± ivgeg`'k xzei exewial mrtd ribn onviieey ,wil`ia `apzd e`ea axr .jxrl miizpy

.giynk e` mqewk xy`n 'lecb24geeic `ed ,zxaebd diilrd ly daihl xy`a zewtq `ln

mi`ad' ik ,aepaec oerny oeixehqidleli`kdn ,d`xp ."mixczqn"e mewn mdl mi`ven

.'mi`ad minid e`iai25ziixir eceakl dkxry miptd zlawa ,onviie ly e`ea zxgnl

aia`Îlz' :dilvxd diqpnib ldpne diixird zvren xag ,oefpqen oeivÎoa x"c xn` ,aia`Îlz

mixftzn epnne ea mixahvn zegekdy mq`d edf ,itxbe`bd oaena wx `l oeiv ixry `id

.'ux`d lk l`26diilrd ini ziy`xa aia`Îlz ly dxe`izl oefpqen hwp eay ienicd

ote`a wx dzr zrl myxzd ik dced `ede ,onviie ly ecvn daebz xxb ,'mq`' ,ziriaxd

.ine`l zia eppi` oefpqen xaic eilry 'mq`'d ik ,oiiv `ed z`f mr .eipir d`xnn ipey`x

cegiae ,miycgd mihpnl`d lk z` ilklk ote`a lawl milekiy mi`pzd e`xaiy uegp'

.'zeceqia oeawxd `eaiy dlilge dlilg ,ziad ly zeceqid z` reawl' mi`ayk ,'eiykr27

zxcqa ievn jkl dheae cg dprn ?'oeawix' lr illk ote`a xaicyk onviie oeekzd dnl

.onviie ly e`ea lbxl ,oeqwilb dyn ,'ux`d' oezir jxer mqxty mixn`n28xzg eixn`na

ux`d ly dipt d`xn z` ,epezir i`xew xear mb oaenke ,onviie xear hhxyl oeqwilb

,onviie ipta zeezdl oeqwilb utg lreta .da ezedy jldna sygidl `ed cizr dil`y

ze`ivnd z` ogaie opeaziy ie`x odl m`zday zehpicxe`ewd z` ,rbxl gxe`d

zeil`ehw`de zeil`ehwlhpi`d zepwqnde zepaezd aevir lr ritydle ,zil`xyivx`d

iyp` zpeekda zaxern didz zipeivd dldpddy ,dziid zipexwrd ezriaz .exeiqn witiy

.ziyilyd diilrd inia 'mivelg'l driiqy itk ,ziriaxd diilra miribnd ipepiad cnrnd

f dilrn mlrzdl' zepeivd zbdpdl dl l` ,ycgd milerd beql zevegpd zen`zda,em`

'dxi`nle ywenl dwlga epl jtdzy dvex `id oi`iceqid xqnd z` ccgl ick .

dpigan dler mipexg`d miycega d`ay diilrd ik oeqwilb oiiv ,onviieel ligpdl ywiay

ine`ld ziad oiipal uegpd diilrd avw lr onviie ly s`ypd epefg mr cg` dpwa zizenk

miievxe miaeh zeceqi epl d`iad `id :iyep`d xnegd zpigan' s`e ,zepey`xd eizepya

.'zexg` zevx`ne oein ,dixblean ,micxtqd epig`n

zine`ld zrnynd zpigan oaxqe dyw xneg' ievn miycgd milerd axwa mle`e

lr dxcbedy ,zixard dtyd z` un`l dl` miler ly maexiql dziid ezpeek .'zixeavd

24Special Correspondence, ‘Palestine News’, 14.9.1924, The New Judaea, 26.9.192425zkixra ,wil`ia ongp miig zexb` ,(24.9.1924) c"txz lel`a d"k ,aepaec oernyl wil`ia azkn

.ily dybcdd ;bi 'nr ,b ,g"vxz aia`Îlz ,xaegl 't

26.26.9.1924 ,meid x`c ,'`"za epbidpn ipt zlaw'

27.my

28,5.10.1924 ,26.9.1924 ,24.9.1924 ,ux`d ,'l`xyi ux`a onviiee x"c :wxtd lr' ,[oeqwilb dyn] b"n

.6.10.1924

460o fg xi`n]8[

dl` miler ly diiqelke` ifekixa .zepeivd ly xzeia lecbd ipicndÎine`ld oiipwk eci

alya .zixard dtyl xkfe oniq oi` ± cere zeiepga ,lke` izaa ,oeln izaa ± aia`Îlza

zexiyi eixac z` oeeike milerd ly mzaezkl zinipep`d zeqgiizdd z` oeqwilb gpf df

exacz l`' :miaiyn ,zixar exaciy mdn driazl dprna ,dl` .oiletn milerd xar l`

"ziwxeh" il`milerdy jkl xexa oniq d`x 'ziwxeh'k dl` miler ita zx`eznd zixara .'

yilgdl jkae 'miipeviwd mitb`d on zepeivd i`pey' l` xeagl xayn zrya milelr oiletn

zipeivd zexczqdd zldpdne onviieen oeqwilb ly ezyixc drap o`kn .ux`a dzfig` z`

`iaz eply ipepiad cnrnd ly ef dilry dvex zipeivd dldpdd oi` m`' :cnr dy`xay

ly dqpxtd ilae zicedid zxeqnd ila "iwalp"e ± l`xyi ux`a dycg "iwalp" epl

`id dzaeg ± zi`yxeed "iwalp"leynl.'epikxvl dpeekle iaeigd lrtnd gka ef dilra29

,zipwrvd mziieed i`aiink ziriaxd diilrd iler ly ienicd ia` `ed oeqwilb ,dyrnl

ux`e aia`Îlz l` dyxe ly icedid raexa dwi'fce iwalp zeaegx ly zwtwetnde zipxbzd

.dfd ienicd z` onviie a`y exn`nn .l`xyi

ipey`xd myexd z` dipta x`ize oecpela xeg`n dxzepy dxe eziirxl onviie azk zxgnl

,mizad rty lr cnry xg`l .da mini dyely ly zedy zeawra aia`Îlz ea dxizeny

miayezd z` drinhnd ,dycgd diilrdn d`vezk xira dpexg`l exvepy wgecde dlendd

:xwirl ribd ,e`a dzr dfy milerd oend jeza miwizeed

dyer df zepey zepigan .mirbtpde mi`kcpd ,migtewnd lk miwgcp ekezly xryd edf

dwzredy iwalp idef .mc` ly eal jeynl ick ea oi`y ,ipwrvd on daxd .dyw myex

xzei aelr ,mfipwixn`Îece`qte iwalp ly zaexrz xzei oekp e` ,zil`xyivx` rwxwl

.dxibd dligznyk dl`k zertezn hltn oi`y d`xp .wxei eipa xy`n zegt geexne30

xake oeqwilb ita iwalpl aia`Îlz ly dienic ianeta rited f`n cg` mei `et` slg `l

zixard xira eipirl dzlbpy ze`ivnd zpenz z` dgekp hhxynk onviie eze` uni`

.dpey`xd

,dipbc oia 1920 zpya cer licad envra `ede ,onviieel xf did `l dfd d`eeydd beq

oebk zeayenl ,'dricidÎ`da ixard xtkd'e 'zixard dtyd xvan' z` exear dlniqy

ux`l dxaredy zitexi`Îgxfn zicedi dxiir oirn `l` dpi`' ik x`iz dze`y ,oeivl oey`x

.'l`xyi31zexbqnd l`e zcaerd zeayiizdd l` ,mivelgd l` onviie ly ziqiqad ezyib

29.xewna dybcdd ;26.9.1924 ,ux`d ,'l`xyi ux`a onviiee x"c :wxtd lr' ,b"n

30,27.9.1924 ,onviie dxeel onviie miig azknThe Letters and Papers of Chaim Weizmann, Vol.12, Series A, August 1923–March 1926, ed. Joshua Freundlich, Jerusalem 1977, pp.

240–24131zkixra ,1929±1919 ,ipeivd lretd creed ly milewehextd ,17.2.1920 ,ipeivd lretd creed lewehext

,dl` oirn ze`eeydl ay cer onviie .94 'nr ,a ,d"nyz milyexi ,jilcpiext ryedie abei dilcb

.1935Îa ziyingd diilrd ly dnevira ,aia`Îlza iapl` aegx oial xpxa zrab ueaiw oia ,lynl

yygle zebiizqdl `l` dtexi` gxfnn mixirf mixgeq ly mziilr cbp `l eixac epeek f`

]9[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie461

zeihiletd.dligza mihale zewtq hrn `l drci mdly dibele`ci`de milretd dpgn ly

itk ,1922±1921 mipya mditlk zihiletde zizxagd ,zihzq`d ezcnr z` raiwyn ,mle`e

,'ux`a epl yiy xzeia dtid xacd md dl`d mivelgd' :milina zehyta eziirxl zvnzy¦

zian zi`lwgd zeayiizdd zekfa zxvepd zizyzd ik qxb onviie .eini seq cr da wac

dlklkle miigd gxe`l ,zeaxzl mipzi` zeceqi dwiprnd `id dceard zrepz ly dyxcn

.l`xyi ux`a mipapd zicedid32

zivgna dvx` ziriaxd diilrd ly d`ea zyxta ezcnr dxfbp ef zipexwr dtwydn

`l j` ,miizxage miilklk ,miihilet miaikxn ealey dil` ezeqgiizda .1924 ly diipyd

ze`ivnd l` onviie ly ezeqgiizda iqiqa mxeb edfy dcaerd .miizeaxz ± jkn aeyg zegt

27Îa milyexil rqp `ed aia`Îlzn xy`k iygen gxe`a dtygp zr dze`a zil`xyivx`d

xz` `l` mdipinl miine`ld zecqend eid `l my cwt eze`y oey`xd mewnde ,xanhtqa

erci ,'dwihilet xekiy epi` eply bidpnd' .mitevd xda zixard dhiqxaipe`d ly dziipa

drlap `l eytp' oky ,ezxiga z` gayl (onviie itlk llk jxca ipeivifete`d) 'meid x`c'a

eneiwl ceqid `id mrd ytpy jkl rcen `ed ,'xneg zlek` dpi` egex ,zecxhd mi jeza

'yezeaxzd.'zine`l dncw lk ceqi `id33xzia dlbzp dfd ihqipnviieed zeieticrd xcq

.aia`Îlzl eaey mr z`y

,dpyd y`x ly ipyd bgd meiae ,d"txz zpy qexta ,mibgd ztewz dziid dtewzd

zexcya onviie ly eceakl dz dzyn miillkd mipeivd zbltn dkxr ,xanhtqa 30Îa

'ccid' ze`ixwa bidpnd `ea z` mciwe mle`l uegn uawp ybxp oend .aia`Îlza cliyhex

.onviie lye wil`ia ongp miig xxeynd ly mdine`p ecnr rexi`d ly efkxna .zenge zenx

ik ,e`ea xg`l micg` mini enr miiwzdy oei`ixa xn` qxna 26Îa dvx` dlry wil`ia

,aia`Îlza z`fk dxivi' :midcn dfgn `ed eiykr cr d`xy dn lke eipir d`xnl oin`n epi`

.'dleba mipy ze`n ly zexivi cbpk ipira `id zrxkn34xpa` zextqd xweg ly ezkxrdl

iig ly mpeiav lr ritydle xeaivd ipiipra axrzdl daege oevx yg xxeynd ,onvled

,aia`Îlza xzeia hlead gxf`k wil`ia hxgp xecd ipa zrceza .ux`a miyabznd zeaxzd

.ynn zr dze`a envr onviie xaq mb jke35

dieeda oehd z` epzi daxrnne dtexi` fkxnn miiyteg zerevwn ilrae mil`ehwlhpi` miler `ny

.76 'nr ,(9 dxrd ,lirl) ipxeb :e`x .zil`xyivx`d

32milyexi ,uxdpiix dcedi zkixra ,h ,onviie zexb` ,7.11.1919 ,oecpela zipeivd dldpdl onviie azkn

,oiihyxq`e cx`pxa zkixra ,`i ,my ,28.11.1922 ,dxeel onviie azkn ;264±263 'nr ,g"lyz

minxeb :l`xyi ux` ilret zbltn ,oiihycleb awri ;(hehivd o`kn) 228 'nr ,h"lyz milyexi

.83±56 'nr ,(9 dxrd ,lirl) ipxeb ;42±15 'nr ,e"lyz aia`Îlz ,dznwdl

33.xewna dybcdd ;1.10.1924 ,meid x`c ,'oey`xd exewa'

34'a xc` ,`"hq k"a mr dgiy ,'dleba zixard zextqde zecdid avn lr' ,wil`ia ongp miig

.fn 'nr ,` ,d"vxz aia`Îlz ,dtÎlray mixac ,(1924 lixt`±qx`n) c"txz

35lra yi`d' :onviie azk eziirxl .201±200 'nr ,h"qyz milyexi ,wil`ia ongp miig ,onvled xpa`

.'da xzeia daxd drtydd z` el yiy df `ede wil`ia ,oaenk ,`ed aia`Îlza xzeia axd jxrd

.243 'nr ,12 ,(30 dxrd ,lirl) onviie zexb` ,1.10.1924 ,onviie dxeel onviie miig azkn

462o fg xi`n]10[

ztl`n ,diiga ezeaxern xe`le aia`Îlz d`xnl wil`iaa dfg`y zelrtzdd rwx lr

zgeexd zeaxzd ziibeqa eze` cwin wil`ia .oecpd ene`pa ,dpy ivg xeark hhxyy dpenzd

(epivx `l=) epieeiw `ly dl`k miyp`' miribn zrk d`ad diilra ik wqt `ed .aeyiia

.'z`fk dqb dkizg relale helwl el dyw izeaxzd cegia dhilwd gek ,milera eidiy

micrein inl ahid did xexa eirneyl j` ,oiletn milerd ± yxetnd mya awp `l wil`ia

leygpy yeygl yi f` `xip m` .mipendd iptn `xip l`' :`xw xy`k eixac ly mvwer

.'cg` meia epzcear z` segqi ytx ly36,wil`ia hwp day dfande dywd miienicd oeyl

jli`e o`kn dktd ,'oeawx' lr xaic aia`Îlzl e`ea meia xak xy`k onviie dl mcwye

ipte` lr iaeyiiÎmiptd wa`na inihibl ixeaiv xykdl dkf `ede ,geex ze`hazd qetcl

.ziriaxd diilrd ly dzehlwid

zipeiv zine`l dieed ly daevira dzernynle zixard ly dkxrl ahid xr did onviie

ly mdizealn xacd gkyp ile` ik xird `ed ,wil`ia zeawra ene`pa .l`xyi ux`a

mitewqlha lkzqn elek mlerdy xekfl ipeig j` ,dvx` zrk miribnd miax miyp`

`a dyrpy crv lk lr mitewqexwinaeokl .da miazek e` da mixacny dn lk lre ux

ux` m`' ik ,ezxdf` .aeyg ipicn mxeb `id ,ezty df llkae ,aeyiid ly zipevigd ezxev

,l`xyi ux` didz `l ef if` 'zeielb ly ixng leaiw zia wx didz l`xyi37drnyed `l

eicgi exag zepeiva izeaxzd megzd ly eibviin ixikay dziid dzernyn .`nlra dxdf`k

ziyi`d mzxweiae icedid mlerd iagxa mdizeie`hazd ly dnevrd dcedza ynzydl

ly xzeia miycewnd dizeceqia mirbety ink oiletn milerd z` onql ick zixeaivde

,mze` ekixcdy miine`lde miizeaxzd minxebd ik miipyl did dnec .zine`ld drepzd

micner ,zepeivd ly lbcke ztenk 'ycgd icedid' zenc z` rawl ,enr ezxeze yi`Îyi`

elecib jildz lgd eay ,ixehqid zneva ybtn mdipia ygxzd ef dcewpa .dyw refrf ipta

inegz z` uextl cner `ed ik did d`xp xy`k ,ipeivd lrtnd ly ezeagxzde iphpetqd

.drepzd ly zizeaxzde zihiletd dbdpdd ly zctwend dpeekdd

zipeivd zexczqdd oe`hia ly zkxrnd xn`n ei`xewl xidad ,ux`d ly ine`ld diite`

milerd .zeaxzd dcya ygxznd on xfbii ,onviieE wil`ia ine`p lr eknzqda ,'mlerd'

mikixv ,zixard zricine zeine`l zepeekn mitg mdyk miribn maexy ,oiletn miycgd

izeaxzd mpehly z` hilydl zeqpl mewna ux`d ly miixard miigd ipta 'rpkidl'

.dilr38cizr xy` ,'geliyd' zrd azk jxer ,xpfelw sqeil ahid dxg df megza dyrpd

zixard dhiqxaipe`a zixar zextql begd y`x ciwtzl miyceg dnk xeark zepnzdl

zizpy dxiwq bivd eae ,'mlerd'a okl mcew dn onf mqxtzdy xn`na azk `ed .milyexia

zipywrd zecbpzdd mr diixird zccenzn aia`Îlza ik ,l`xyi ux`a gexde dxagd iig ly

ehbd iiga miwacd ,mipyepÎmipyid zelbd icedi ly mcvn dycg zixar dxag zxivil

36.1.10.1924 ,meid x`c ,'`"za onvie 'textd 'akl dzyn'

37.my

38.7.11.1924 ,mlerd ,'dilrd zel`y'

]11[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie463

.l`xyi ux` l` dlebd on 'ehltp'y xg`l ipletdÎi`hild39dvx` meik mi`ad ziaxn

ux`l mi`ad ,zegtyn ilra 'mixbdn' `l` ,xidad ,mihqil`ci`e mivelg 'miler' mpi`

egxai ,zilklk dpigan dxdna ehlwii `l m`e exbqp dwixn` ly dizezlcy iptn l`xyi

' lr onviie ixacl jynda .ux`d onin oi`'y xpfelw `vn ,'l`xyi ux`a "iwalpe dwifc"

lr miaexn mipeepg ...mipaend lka zeizelb ly xvanl aia`Îlz dktdpy lr ope`zi `ly

.'y`x cre lbx skn .miizelb micedie ± xqtql xyt` i`e xyt`y dn lka mixqtqe mipewd

xg`l ,dnÎonf iptl aia`Îlza exewia lr ei`xewl geeic ,milyexia xxebzdy ,xpfelw

:xira dyty zipgexd dlwlwd lr xqiiznd wil`ia z` wicvde ,da did `ly ivge dpy

ik rawe ,xpfelw dkia ,'zepeyl ly "laa"l aia`Îlz dktdpy lr wrvi `ly in oi`'

dcina mixea zeixar zericil rbepd lka mlekk maex md dipletn milerd ly mdicli'

lr zipeivd dldpdd z`e eze` swz ,onviie ly eiciqg mr dpnp `ly ,xpfelw .'zldean

ivn`nn wlgk mipeivÎ`ld mr dlert seziy zervn`a mitqk qeiba dxzid mzecwnzd

ux`l `iap zewfg cqn ipa` mewna m`' didi dn :mrxzde ,zicedid zepkeqd ly dznwd

?'oipad lkl odn dpkqy ,zevtepn xib ipa` l`xyi40oeek zevtepnd xibd ipa` ly ienicd

ly iefad diienic z` crl dgivpdy znzegd z` .aia`Îlzl mi`ad oilet icedil oaenk

ribdy ,bxapixb iav ixe` xxeynd wiprd ziriaxd diilrd inia dvx` dribnd oilet zecdi

xanvca .1923 xanvca dvx`m`' :zevxgpa raw ,dceard zrepz yi` oiicr `ede ,1924

seq ± oileta !l`xyi ux`a seq lk seq dipleta milkexd exkfpy ,dkygd dryd dribd

.'oivwd lk xak elky ,oniqd edf ,zeielbd lk41

lilba zcaerd zeayiizda mini dyely oa siwn xeiql onviie `vi 1924 xaehwe`a 1Îa

ux`a exewia z` dx`izy zinyxd drcedd .(cere lldp ,dipbc ,`tl` zia ,cexg oir)

lkl eli`e ,df xeiql eycwed micenr ivge dyiy :onviie ly eizeieticr xcq lr zcnln

oke ,milyexiae dtiga ,aia`Îlza ,(drcedd meqxt zra) miireayd za ezedy ini xzi

.cala ivge cenr ecgei aeyiia mipey mixehwq mr eiybtnl42wnr iaeyiia lawzd onviie

meg xnyp ezekfay wlcd z` wtql b`c jyennd excrid jldnay lecb g`'k l`rxfi

.'ziad43zeki` ik rawe ,zieeqen izla zeybxzd znipa dxeel azk `ed lilba exeiq lr

39.3.10.1924 ,mlerd ,'l`xyiÎux`a miipgexdÎmiizexagd miigd' ,xpfelw sqei

40xc`±ixyz ,bn ,gelyd ,'(o`nviiee miig x"c ly ez`ial) zinvr d`pe`' ,[xpfelw sqei] ixar yi`

.287±285 'nr ,my ,'drxd yxey' ,l"pd ;95±94 'nr ,(1925 qx`n±1924 xaehwe`) d"txz

41'nr ,(4 dxrd ,lirl) hiay ;b 'nr ,(d"txz elqk) a±` ,ocq ,'iehial hqtipn' ,bxapixb iav ixe`

;526 'nr ,(1991) 1 ,l`xyi znewza mipeir ,'iwqa`xb ziilre bxapixb iav ixe`' ,xqepib qgpt ;175

aia`Îlz ,mipyi micedi miycg micedi ,'eiykr dqtilwet` :bxapixb iav ixe`' ,`xity dhip`

.203±201 'nr ,f"pyz

42‘On a Inspection Tour’, 10.10.1924, The Letters and Papers of Chaim Weizmann, ed.Barnet Litvinof, Series B, Jerusalem 1983, 1, pp. 425–434

43Gershon Agronsky, ‘In the Emek with Dr. Chaim Weizmann, President’, The NewPalestine, 7.11.1924

464o fg xi`n]12[

xqg did dky dcyde urd ,dxtd itlk mgd qgid xkipe dax dcina dxtzyd dceard

iyeal ,mivelgd ly mixbeand mdizegtyn ipan onviie mrtp cgeina .zcaerd zeayiizda

.ziveaiwd ziteziyd dpenewa ziteziy ze`lwg iig miigy ,miizxeqnd miizcd micbad44

zeidln dlcg dxtdy ienica dzvnez zcaerd zeayiizda dyrpd on onviie ly ef zelrtzd

z` .milbre alg zxviind dnda dzr `ide ine`ld ziad ziipal ihqil`ci` lnq dxwira

zvwn eipif`n mr wlg eay ,dtiga oeipkhd xvga me`pa onviie mzg ux`d oetva exewia

,'axrne gxfn ,mipey mipeebn' micedi aia`Îlz zevega ze`xl oipxn ik xird `ed .einyx

.'ux`d lr md `le mi`ad lr rityz ux`d'y jkl be`cl jixv la`45dncwd wx dziid ef

.xaehwe`a 11Îa milyexia dniiwzdy mipend zxvra ,exewiaa onviie ly ifkxnd ene`p z`xwl

eizepwqn z` zetixga onviie bivd diptae zipeivd dldpdd dqpkzd okl mcew mei

ziriaxd diilrd dcizr `ny ezb`c z` riad `ed .l`xyi ux`a exewian zeiaihxte`d

aeh myex miyerd ,dixblean milerd znerl .zepeivae aeyiia `eypn dyw xayn llegl

.zi`xg` izla diilrl eriiqi lal oiletl zeiciine zexeng zexdf` gelyl jixv ,ce`n

elv` exvi dizeaegxa zexf zetya zipwrvd dxiyde aia`Îlz zevega mx lewa zegiyd

jetdz oiletn diilrdy jkn xnyidl jixv ik oiive eil` sxhvd oitex xezx` .dyw dybxd

jld llegl milelr md zrd `eaae zelwa miy`iiznd miyp`a xaecn oky ,urexl aeyiil

dldpdd mrhn bivp zepnl uegp ik xn` onviie .aeyiid lk z` sehyiy ye`ii ly gex

:siqede ,dvx` miribnd milerd zeki` iptn dxdf`a cievn dyxeel xzl`l rqiiy zipeivd

cgd dpwqnd .'[zihixad] dlynnd zxfra elit`e akrl jixv dilrd z` akrl ekxhvi m`'

zecdi z` ccerle 'aidldl' ote`e mipt meya xeq`y dziid zipeivd dldpdd ly zirnyn

.l`xyi ux`l xbdl oilet46

'oeiv' oexh`za mipend ztq`a ianet me`p onviie `yp ,xaehwe`a 11 ,zay i`vena

cil eccebzde uega exzep mitqep miax mitl`e ,yi` sl`k ettehvd mle`a .milyexiay

wnra ygxznd on eixaca ybcd z` dptd xy`k eid ene`pa `iyd irbx .dqipkd zezlc

:milyexiae aia`Îlz zevega dyrpd l` zeayenae

44.244±243 'nr ,12 ,(30 dxrd ,lirl) onviie zexb` ,4.10.1924 ,onviie dxeel onviie miig azkn

yi` ,iwqplinq dyn ly einyxl lilba ygxznd lr onviie ly ezenyxzd z` zeeydl wzxn

miaeh mi`lwg ik okl mcew micg` miyceg dfgy ,mixki`d zecg`zd iy`xne dpey`xd diilrd

z` ,ely rwxwd z` ade` epi`y i`lwg x`ezi `l' oky ,'zeveawd iclin enewi `l gha' mignene

izla miwlg ,ely dgtynd iwlg ,ely ziad mr mlek mdye ely urd z` ,ely dxtde qeqd

xvei .xveeii `l i`lwg' la` ,dpenewa xveeii dze` xenbl xdnne zeplawa caerd lret .'micxtp

pzd s` iwqplinq .'`xai `lszeynd jepgd ikipg jezn enewi dpenewl mitiwz ikd mi`peyd ik' ,`a

.18.7.1924 ,mlerd ,'dpenewe ze`lwg' ,iwqplinq dyn :e`x .'zepeneway

45;7.10.1924 ,meid x`c ,'bidpnd m`pn'F.H. Kish, Palestine Diary, entry from 14.10.1924,London 1938, p. 145.iptl dpwp m` ,lynl ,qeq' :i`pezir oei`xa onviie `hazd dnec ote`a

:e`x .'eil`n dpai ine`ld ziade ,envrl `edyk uegp qeqd dzr ,ine`ld zial ycew did ,miizpy

.31.10.1924 ,mlerd ,'(cere onviiee x"cd mr dgiy) dceare zeplaq' ,onliq i"w

46.ifkxnd ipeivd oeikx`d ,10.10.1924 ,zipeivd dldpdd lewehext

]13[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie465

epl ze`iand zeip`d z` ,dxibd ly lecb mxf ze`xl migny ep`.mitl`le ze`nl miyp`

dxitqenh`d z` ahid oian ip` .l`xyi ux` segl mi`ad ceaka melye qg rebpl oexg`d ip`

epxyan xya ± iwalpe dwi'fc zeaegxn epig` .z`fd dxibdl miripnd z` ,mi`a md dpnny

epgp` lrtp mday ...mi`pzd z` `exal epilr la` ,mziilr lr migny ep` .md epncn mce

zepal mivex eppi` ik epiai dl`d milerdy uegp .epilr lrti mxfdy ,dlilg ,`le mxfd lr

rxe`n ly mzeg mdilr mi`yep dfd mxfd iig .iwalpe dwi'fc ly opeiava ine`ld epzia z`

.igvp `ed ux`a epizegek ahina mixvei ep`y dne ,xaer47

,zexidf xzia `hazdl did jixv ile` ik ,mipyd zeaxa onviie azk ely ditxbeiaehe`a

.'igexa izxvr `le iaxwa mg ial j`'48onfd wgxn wx ile`y ,dnyl zennzid dziid ef

zepezirl creiy ,exewia mekiql oei`ixa .dvxzl ick zvwna mda did zepexkifd zetrhvde

,'driayn dpi` j` dnikgn ile` l`xyi ux` zxiee`' ik onviie xidvd ,l"ega zixard

.'iwalpa miigy enk milva ly zetilwe oyr lr l`xyi ux`a zeigl zleki mey oi`' okle49

zepeivd ziigzl dvegpd dxibdd ly dzedf oia d`eeydd dktd jli`e z`fd onfd zcewpn

xetq oi`l dkf `ede ,uetp oeyl rahnl oileta miicedid miigd ziieed oial l`xyi ux`a

.cere 'gelyd'a ,'mlerd'a ,'oxezd'a oebk ,dtewzd zepezira mixekf`50zkxrn ,z`f mr

`ny ,zipeivÎllk dpigan df iehia ly zeililyd zeklydd z` xrfnl dlczyd 'mlerd'

dxrxr okle ,dleqt mipexg`d miycega dvx` d`ay diilrd aex eli`k eyxtl didi ozip

"axÎaxr" dfi` i"`l ribd' eli`k 'mi`pezr ly gevp ixac' lr.'51eipn`pn cg` xga minil

zipnxba inyxd dpe`hia ,'e`ycpex dyicei'd jxer) yhle hxaex ,onviie ly miwdaend

drenyd itl' :dpecpd dibeqa ecenlz z` hrn jkxle gikydl ,(zipeivd zexczqdd ly

ly qetih a` ± df iyep` xneg wx ik oiad `le ,"iwalpe dwi'fc" ly feaa xaic [onvie]

.'setv icedi aeyi l`xyi ux` z` zeyrl lekiy `ed ± oileta micedid ipend52dibeqd

ic dnxz `le dpad xvewa dzwl onviie ly ezeipicn eli`k ,dl fnex yhleey dcakpd

,z`f mr .igkepd xn`nd ly epiiprn zbxeg ,d`eyd mxh oilet icedi ly mzvwn zlvdl

miax ly mzeki` z` dpiby siwz xn`n epe`hia y`xa yhle mqxt 1924 xanaepay xexa

47zianetd dtq`d' ;12.10.1924 ,ux`d ,'onvie x"cd ceakl zinnr dtq`' ;(6 dxrd ,lirl) onviie me`p

.12.10.1924 ,meid x`c ,'onvie x"cd ceakl

48.297 'nr ,(7 dxrd ,lirl) onviie

49migqepa zepezira mqxet onliq dcedi yicw zextqd yi`e xxeynd jxry onviie mr oei`xd

zeplaq' ,l"pd ;21.11.1924 ,x`cd ,'o`nviiee miig mr dgiy' ,o`nliq dcedi yicw :lynl ,e`x .mipey

.31.10.1924 ,mlerd ,'(cere onviiee x"cd mr dgiy) dceare

50,'l`xyi ux`n' ;245 'nr ,(1924 xanaep) b±` ,11 ,oxezd ,'c"txz zpya l`xyi ux`' ,hiig ikcxn

dxrd ,lirl) 'drxd yxey' ,[xpfelw] ixar yi` ;21.11.1924 ,my ,'lkd lre' ;31.10.1924 ,mlerd

.285 'nr ,(40

51.21.11.1924 ,mlerd ,'zeycgd miptd'

52l`eie lbqiie 'e xi`n zkixra ,miig iwxt hewli :onviie miig ,'ip`iatd xeyrd' ,yhle hxaex

.242 'nr ,c"kyz milyexi ,l`kinxk

466o fg xi`n]14[

inke zeikep`ae zeil`ecieeicpi`a mi`hegy ink mx`ize oiletn miribnd milerd on

mirhw e`aed oeilib eze` ly `ad cenra ik oiivl xzenl .zttex zine`ld mzxykdy

dwi'fc' ly micedid itlk dhead ezeqgiizd mllkae milyexia onviie ly ene`pn miagxp

.'iwalpe53

ly dqgia giky qetc dtwiyy ,yhle ly exn`na dhlay zepexhtde ze`ypzdd znip

xkyyi ly znrfp daebz dxxb ,zyaid gxfna d`veny efl zitexi` fkxnd zepeivd

dld .'aeyid' ,l`xyi ux`a zepbxead ibeg ly mpe`hia jxer ,`xexcÎxayhle z` miy`d

z` mipkqny inke zepeivd icbpznk ziriaxd diilrd iler z` ebivda ,dnyl zeryxa

ecnrn swezn wrefd ,'wil`ial xzeny dn' .l`xyi ux`a zixard zeaxzd ly dzeticr

.'weyd on mc` lkl xzen epi`' ,`xexcÎxa xidad ,zixard zeaxzd zwrf z` ezxweie54

mi`ad ipepiad cnrnd iyp` zxcbd ipta qxzn miwdl aeyiia oinid inxeb ly mpeiqip

minrhn wx `l rap ,ycgd aeyiid ly ine`ldÎizeaxzd epeiava minbety ink ,dvx`

.ezrwyd icrie ine`ld oedd z`vwd iabl zeieticrd ixcq lr zizedn zwelgnne miihilet55

mb odiky ,oefpqen oebk miyi`e ,ziaeyiid jepigd zkxrn ly diqpxt eid dl` minxeb

miax mia`yn z`vwd ornl dkxrn mikex` miyceg dfn eldip ,mixend zexczqd y`xk

dzrtyd cbp ewa`p 'dtyd ipibn cecb' zxaga ,ok enk .jepigd zkxrnl xaran xzei

.aia`Îlza 'qp`il`' ly zxaebd56

miigd lelkn l` xtqd iza megzn dagxzd eliaed dze`y 'zixar zeaxzl dnglnd'

mdn lhp lreta .jli`e 1924 xanhtqn wil`ia ly ezeaxern awr miixard miizeaxzd

mitqk z`vwd lr zegvpzdn eiybc z` hiqde dfd wa`nd zlaeda dxekad z` wil`ia

xy`k .onviie lye ely miizxagdÎmiizeaxzd zeieticrd ixcq l` zipeivd dldpdd mr

xye`n' :wil`ia me`p zeawra aia`Îlza dpyd y`x i`vena miiwzdy rexi`a ,onviie xn`

,'ily zeb`cd zliagn zvw eilr qinrdl xyt`y ,ux`a i`xg` mc` eiykr yiy ,ip`

did ,ezhiyl ,miifkxnd eikacpn cg`y zixard zeaxzd zlgpdl wa`n eze`l oeekzd `ed

.zepeivd znybd zeceqia zrbetk oiletn `ad ipepiad cnrnd ziilr ly dbeiz57aeliy

53R.W. [Robert Weltsch], ‘Die neue Einwanderung’, Jüdische Rundschau, 7.11.1924, pp.629–630; ‘Weizmanns Abschiedsrede von Jerusalem’, ibid., p. 631zr dze`a ayi yhle .

.ipeivÎmipt xywe dlenrz ipiiprl onviie ly exikfnk mb dkixrd zcearl liawna odike oecpela

'nr ,o"yz milyexi ,1932±1918 ,dipnxb ipeiv ly mcegiie mkxc :zeprxet mxha ,iwqal zibg :e`x

.125

54.(4.12.1924) d"txz elqk 'f ,aeyid ,'zelilr' ,`xexcÎxa

55;114±94 'nr ,(4 dxrd ,lirl) ixexc ;121±108 'nr ,(4 dxrd ,lirl) icrlb :e`x df aeyg haidl

.130±127 'nr ,(53 dxrd ,lirl) iwqal

56aia` lze eti ly zixard dldwd cre azkn ;19.9.1924 ,mlerd ,'zeaxzd zngln :l`xyi ux`n'

.1a wiz ,3 daihg ,aia`Îlz ziixir oeikx` ,(3.9.1924) c"txz lel`a 'c ,zipeivd dldpdl

57,'zixard zeaxzd znglnl cer :l`xyi ux`n' ;24.10.1924 ,mlerd ,'y`xa wil`ia :l`xyi ux`n'

ick jepigd aivwz z` licbdl onviie znfeia zipeivd dldpdd dhilgd caa ca .31.10.1924 ,my

]15[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie467

eznvere ,ux`a zicedid zeixeaiva dpzi` dfig` lra ober xvi wil`ial onviie oia zegekd

ziaeyiid dxagd ly dpexzqlw aevira ezeifkxnae ely zeinihibla dxkd daiig daxd

mixirv mixega lr xtEq 'ux`d' oezira xn`nay jk icil eribd mixacd .zyabznd

,'azkay wil`ia' z` llk mixikn mpi` mzvwe aia`Îlz zeaegxa mibgd inia mideyd

zeciqgd ztewz z` dxikfnd zipgex ddinkle daywdl mcvn dkef 'dt lray wil`ia' eli`e

dlecb xzeid drtydd yi`l ,"iax"l epipirl dyrpe jled `ed' .'miwicv'd oglet z`e

.'i"`a ixard aeyia58zizeaxzd ezyib qeqial miiyrn mikldn hwp wil`ia cera ,jke

zixard oeylle zeaxzl fkxnd ly zcqiind dtq`d z` xaehwe`a 17Îa qpike aeyiia

,l`xyi ux`a59zcreea l`xyi ux` lr oeicl rqpe exewia z` onviie mei eze`a miiq

) zcnznd mihcpndPermanent Mandates Commission.dap'fa mine`ld xag ci lry (

mihcpnd zcree l`xyi ux`l dxibdd .b

o`kne 1923 xanhtqa swezl zinyx hcpnd qpkp f`n dpey`xl miiwzd dcreea oeicd

mixg` minxeb lye miaxrd ly mhan zcewpn zepncfd dziid ef oky ,daxd ezeaiyg drap

ly miipeivÎextd mihaida mqxkl (zilezwd diiqpkd oebk) zil`xyivx`d zglwa eygay

,dcreed ipeic z`xwl zipeivd zexczqdd ly dzekxrid .hcpnd azkdlgd ,onviie ziigpda

,1924 ipeia60dkynp `ide ,l`xyi ux`l ziriaxd diilrd ly d`ea zligzl liawna rnyn

db`cd ,izkxrdl .mi`ad miycega df dxibd lb ly ecegiie eipiit`n ztiyg mr caa ca

,zr dze`a oiletn dvx` eribdy milerd on miax ly mzencl rbepa onviie riady daxd

zepkdd ly `vei lret xzid oia dziid ,dwi'fce iwalp lr eze`hazda sixg ote`a dxkipy

miizeaxz milewiy wx `l ,rnyn .mdize`vezn mb drtyed da ezewace ,elld mipeicl

z` llyy zra eze` ecixhd ,ux`d ziipaa zeieticrd ixcq mpiipry ,miilklkÎmiizxage

,eze` wiqrd jkn zegt `l .'zitexi` gxfnd ± "zizelb"d ezpekzna' ipepiad cnrnd ziilr

miipira ef diilr qtziz eay ote`d ,ipeivd wte`d ly zilaelb dii`x lr cwteny ink

ly dzleki i`l zecr da `evnl milelry jkn yyg `ed .zexg`e zeihixa ± zeipevig

,l`xyi ux`a zncwzne zipxcen dxag miwdl ,dnvr lr dlhpy zeaiigzda cenrl zepeivd

o`kn .dxen`d dlhnd mr ccenzdl lbeqn epi` dzeyxl cnerd iyep`d xb`ndy meyn

zcxgk xeg`l hana ile` d`xpy dn .ellka ipeivd oeirxd cetxhl gzt gztidl did lelr

,12.10.1924 ,zipeivd dldpdd lewehext :e`x .yiciia `le zixara milerd icli z`xedl dprn zzl

.ifkxnd ipeivd oeikx`d

58"iax"d :zexenge zelw' ,lbn.24.10.1924 ,ux`d ,'

59.22.10.1924 ,ux`d ,'l`xyi ux`a zixard zeaxzl fkxn'

60,zepeivd ,'mine`ld xag ly mihcpnd zcreea l`xyi ux` lr oey`xd oeicd' ,jilcpiext ryedi

,icedi ine`l zial zeceqi zgpde hcpnd xhyn zeyabzd' ,xter qgpt ;159±147 'nr ,(`"nyz) e

,ihixad hcpnd ztewz :dpey`xd diilrd f`n l`xyi ux`a icedid aeyiid zeclez ,'1931±1922

.252±249 'nr ,c"pyz milyexi ,wqil dyn zkixra ,`

468o fg xi`n]16[

miine`lpiad zecqena ekxrpy mipeicd on cg` cer itlk znfben daebzke onviie ly xzi

xanaepa 9Îa .ihixw rbxk zeygxzdd zra ipeivd bidpnd ipira xiihvd ,zepeivd znybd lr

:zxaebd diilrle mihcpnd zcre ipeicl xywa ,zixad zevx`a ceqid oxw iy`xl azk `ed

ick zwtqn dcina dzlr epzeaiyg .epzlerta xzeia okeqnd alyl ,izrcl ,miqpkp ep`'

oiicr ep` z`f mr la` ,micedid i`pey axwa dlda mexble ziynn al zneyz jeynl

zepeivdy ,ezkxrd eze` dzgpd .'epiaie` zenifn z` lkql lkepy ickn l`xyi ux`a miylg

l`xyi ux`a lbx zqixce dfig` qqal ixwne irx` oeiqip xcba dzeid ztewzn dvlgp

.'dne` ziipa' ly dtewzl zrk zqpkp `ide61

'zicedid zitxblhd zepkeqd' xy`k ,zxgnl yeyi`l dxe`kl dzkf onviie ly ezcxg

xaehwe` idlya dipeic meiq xg`l ,mihcpnd zcre ly g"ecd zheih z` dtilcd (`"hq)

ribnd ,zepexg`d mipya l`xyi ux`l zicedid dxibdd mxf ik ea rawp .xanaep ziy`xae

mixbdnd ly mzexiqne mvxn lk mr xy` ,dycg diqelke` `ian' ,dtexi` gxfnn xwira

zxeqn e` zipkh dxykd mixqg ,ycgn icedid ine`ld ziad ly eziipal mexzl mzti`ye

dpiiv dcreed .'xzeia dl dwewf l`xyi ux`y ,zi`lwg dcear xwirae ,miitk zcear ly

.miaxrl micedi oia zeybpzd yi dpnn d`vezke dtixg zwelgn zxxern dxibdd ik62jka

ik cirdy ,l`enq hxaxd ,oeilrd aivpd dipta yxty bvnd z` sqd lr dcreed dzgc

,mihqil`ci`e miadlp ,mixirv mixabe miypn zakxen dvx` dribnd dxibdd ziaxn

.dtexi` gxfna diiqelke` zeyecb mixra xxebzdle miphw xgqn iyp` xzeeidl `l mit`eyd63

ocrl ,mqxtzdl cizrd inyxd g"eca ,onviie ly miy`epd eivn`n elyky `et` d`xp

ielinl zlbeqne zxyken dpi` dvx` dribnd zicedid dxibdd ik ztxebd driawd z`

dpeylk dnqxety) ef dibeqa dcreed zriaw ly ihxwpewd dwfpy xxazd carica .dcerii

.sleg did (xanvca64dkixcdy zipeivd diilrd zeipicn epipirl dtygp z`f ab` ,mle`e

did sicr ik dced `ed .iwalpe dwi'fc lr eze`hazdl dwecd mipnf zekinqa ,onviie z`

micpled ,mipxetilw ,mipc mixki` zxfra l`xyi ux`a zeayiizdd z` lretd l` `ivedl

:siqede .'mipxvi izla xir iayez mxwira' mdy micedi ly mzceara `le ,mixvieey e`

mikeezn ly cnrnl micedid z` miwgecy dcaerd `id zepeivd ly dneiwl zeaiqd zaiq'

lke df avn cbp d`gn deedn zepeivd .miipxvi izla zeceqil df cnrn gekn mze` miktede

.'miitk icaerl ,dvgnl mil`ehwlhpi`e mil`ehwlhpi` zkitdl mipeekn epivn`n65

zevia iyaiin lr qqeank ipeivd lrtnd z` mihixad egiy ipa ipta x`zl cinzd onviie

61,12 ,(30 dxrd ,lirl) onviie zexb` ,9.11.1924 ,oneip l`epnre bxaphex qixenl onviie miig azkn

.251±250 'nr

62.252±251 'nr ,(60 dxrd ,lirl) xter ;159±155 'nr ,(60 dxrd ,lirl) jilcpiext

63Permanent Mandates Commission, Minutes of the Fifth Session (Extraordinary) held atGeneva from October 23rd to November 6th, 1924, Geneva, November 20th 1924, p. 58

64jilcpiext.252±251 'nr ,(60 dxrd ,lirl) xter ;159±155 'nr ,(60 dxrd ,lirl)

65azkn ;255 'nr ,12 ,(30 dxrd ,lirl) onviie zexb` ,13.11.1924 ,l`enq hxaxdl onviie azkn

.266±265 'nr ,my ,15.11.1924 ,cx`tt`x l`epnrl onviie

]17[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie469

hrena zewtzqdae miitk zcearay 'miycg micedi'ke ,zeipycg ze`lwg zehiy mibidpnd

znbn iptn xrpzd ok lre ,l`xyi ux` ly diiga ihnxc dptn uw oi` zexiqna millegn

ilbp` ly ezybxd dzid dn invr z` l`ey ip`' .miaihwecext izlak mznzkde mzrwed

micedid oia licadl ywan enk ,qixzd ,'ely mivelgd lr dl`k mixac exn`p eli`

zpekya miigd dl` ,zihixad dxikad zeciwtl mixkend dl` oial elld mil`xyivx`d

.oecpela ltyhiee zicedid iperd66ipta dcinrdy miixwird mixbz`d cg` ,oecpd xywda

xcbzdl `adl mb lkei m` dziid ziriaxd diilrd ly zxiihvne zkledd dzenc onviie

ef zilici` zefga ,ine`ld ziad ly eziipa dldpzd mzkxaay ,mihixad ipta gazydle

.dvx` miribnd micedi mixbdn ly

il`xyivx`d oinide ' iwalp' .c

mditzk lry ,ipepiad cnrnd ipa miipexird milerd iptn onviie ly zpbtend drizxd

zicedid zebdpzdde dqpxtd ,meiwd iqetc ly miitihe`xhqde miil`xd mi`hgd lk eqnred¥

md .ziaeyiid dxaga ipexirde ipbxead ,ilxaild oinid ibeg lr lekn xzei dwird ,dleba

a`f ,ipeivd oinia xg` mxebl cebipa ,zepeiva onviie ly miwdaend eipn`pk mnvr e`x

ux`ae dtexi` gxfna ipepiad cnrna d`exd zizxag dyib minil uni`y ,iwqpihea'f

ecnrna zexenzle ziriaxd diilrl dxiyi daebza ,zepeivd ly dxcyd cenr z` l`xyi

.ihiletd67xg`l xekfk m`p eay) aia`Îlza miillkd mipeivd ly oecrend did dxwna `l

.ux`a exewia jldna onviie cwty cigid izbltnd cqend (wil`ia

miillkd mipeivd ly miihiletd miyi`d ixikan ,iwqxteq ryedi m`p mb rexi` eze`a

,mihilte mixbdn md zrk mi`ad on ohw feg` wx ik ,eixaca orh iwqxteq .l`xyi ux`a

zihppinecd dtwydd mr xyiizdl ezeqpa .'xiak ine`l oevx jezn miler' maex eli`e

lecb jxr yi'y xikfd j` ,xira diilrd ziaxn ly dzefkxzda iewil yiy dced ,zepeiva

zxabdl ilklkd dkxrl sqepa z`f lk .'dpicnd lka dpeilr eci xira hleyy in ike xirl

.milerd ipend ly dhilwd zleki68j` ,cren eze`a iwqxteq ixacl qgiizd `l onviie

dnfeil cbpzn `ed oi` ik raw milyexia xaehwe`a 9Îa dniiwzdy ceqid oxw zcireea

ilae ,dilrd zegek ila zihxtd daih`ivipi`d ilra lk miyer eid dn' la` ,zihxtd

?'ux`l e`ay mivelgd69iig ly mtwida fetgd wepifd `ny db`cd dcnr eipir cbpl

oial dl` minegz oia ilklkd oefi`d z` xrxri dxirfd diiyrzde dk`lnd ,xgqnd

.ux`a ilklk xayn llegi dn onf xearke ,iniptd xeviid xyeke zi`lwgd zeayiizdd70

66,my ,13.11.1924 ,l`enql onviie azkn ;256±254 'nr ,my ,13.11.1924 ,exeawy oe'bl onviie azkn

.256 'nr

67.171±167 'nr ,(4 dxrd ,lirl) hiay

68.2.10.1924 ,meid x`c ,'`"za onvie x"c ceakl dzyn'

69.12.10.1924 ,meid x`c ,'mlyexia ceqid oxw zcire'

70.30.12.1924 ,mlerd ,'(ocaqiee zcirea ene`pn) dipnxb ipeiv lv` onviiee'

470o fg xi`n]18[

oeebna zewelgn maxwa exxye cg` xern miieyr eid `l l`xyi ux`a miillkd mipeivd

dceare zcaerd zeayiizdl qgid ,zepkeqd znwd oebk ,meid xcq lr ecnry mi`yep

zeticrd on dax dcina erap onviie oial mpia exxyy miihpleeian`d miqgid .zixar

ilra ly zihxtd dnfeid ipt lr zeine`ld zepxwd zervn`a ux`d ziipal onviie wiprdy

dxqg ezrcle ,iciin geexl dpey`xae y`xa mipezp eid mdipiirn ,ezhiyl .miitqk mirvn`

,miarx mzeida mznda z` milik`nd' ,zcaerd zeayiizdd iyp` ly zcweid mzpen` mdl

sepnd oenh ,qxb ,mipexg`d dl`a .'ine`ld ziad oiipaa xwire ceqi `id dndad ik

.ipeivd llkd ikxev ly hand zcewpn ,xzeia ixqend ± jkn aeyg zegt `le ,iaihwt`d

ezglvdl mi`pzd e`xaiiy cr dkgn ,miillkd mipeivd ly mzaezkl gihd ,'ihxtd lhit`wd'

lrtn `ed zyexgd zia' mb ik onviie xaq caa ca .'lertl ligzn `ed f` wxe' ,zilklkd

zelirtd on wlgk hxtd ly beybyd iiee`nl careyn `ed oi` m` `ed epgan .'ivelg

dzxiy zillkd zepeivd mr midefnd mibegd ly zilklkd mzelirty lkk .zihqilhitwd

ly m`ea z` xiyknd irvn`k ,ux`d ly ilklkd dhilwd xyek zxabdl dti`yd z`

miillkd mipeivd oia oen`de daxwd iqgi ewcdzd mb jk ,l`xyi ux`l micedi cere cer¦

.onviieel71

onviie ly ezebidpnl mipey`xd eygxy dxkdd eid mdipia exaigy zeceqid on miipy

.zepeivd znybd ly jeezd cenrk xira ipepiad cnrnd iyp` zii`xe zepeiva7214Îa

mipey minxeb mr aia`Îlza df xg` dfa onviie ybtp ,ux`d on ez`v axr ,xaehwe`a

dqxzdl oif`de dk`lnd ilra fkxna xwia dligz .iaeyiid oinid ly miqxhpi`d z` ebviiy

oipaa wlg yi df icedil ik ,wqetd cqend edi`e yi`d `ed in' :ipngp oxd` ,mxaec ly

el eyibd ellde ,diiyrzd ilra zecg`zd ibivp mr crep okn xg`l ?'oi` xg`le ux`d

zipeivd dldpda zcgein dwlgn znwde xira iziiyrz gezita dkinz raezd hxetn xikfz

`ide ,miillkd mipeivd mrhn zglyn eil` d`a seqal .ipexird aeyiid ipiipra lthzy

miybtnd zyelya .xira miayiiznd miycg miler zhilwa reiq xaca dlyn xikfz dxqn

mixbz`de zeirad ,mikxvd itlk onviie ly ecvn zeadlzd xcrid lekn xzei hla elld

mdizecnrl xiyi xyw lk `ll ,aeyiia ilklkdÎizxagd oinid inxeb eipta eaivdy

ywiay lk .zixeaivd dxifa zipeivd zexczqdd `iyp z` ewiqrdy zeibeqa zeihiletd

zepavr ici lr' l"ega sqkd qeib zceara el erixti `ly did miillkd mipeivd on onviie

.'ueg itlk dyw myex miyery ,mfben cext ly zepeifg ici lre dxzi zepgzxe73

xnzi` 'meid x`c' jxer ,zil`xyivx`d dwihqivilaeta ipbxead mfilxaild lbc `yep

z` ielba eriad dpey`xly lr ,zihxtd dnfeid ly dgek i`a z` gaiy ,i"a`Îoa

71.269±268 ,255 'nr ,a ,(14 dxrd ,lirl) onviie

72.50±36 'nr ,(4 dxrd ,lirl) ixexc

73xikfz' ;my ,'onvie x"c lv` diiyrzd ilra' ;21.10.1924 ,ux`d ,'onviie x"c lv` miillkd mipeivd'

x"cd' ;22.10.1924 ,meid x`c ,'i"`n ez`v iptl onvie 'textl ybedy diyrzd ilra zecg`zd

.24.10.1924 ,my ,'etia dk`lnd ilra fkxna onvie

]19[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie471

,zltxerne dxixw daebz wx onviieen evligy dcaerd .zipeivd zexczqdd on mdizeriaz

zernyn .epnn dnlrp `l ,zcaerd zeayiizdd iyp` lr sirxdy daigde megd znerl

'...dpeiv milerd odipeepg mr ,"iwalpe dwi'fc" zeny eitn ehltpy ...lecbd bidpnd' ixac

mkitl`a e`ea !e`ea wx miiznfid' :lecb lewa `exwl ,el cebipa ,i"a`Îoa z` dripd

mdilr xaci onviieey ekfi mb f` ,zihilet dpigan epbx`zie mditl`a e`eai m` !'mki`eaxae

.zxg` mdil`e74ezeccgzd rwx lry `lt oi`miqxhpi` lr wa`nd ly ezehdlzde

z` swiyy ,'xirvd lretd' zrd azk jxer ,oatel wgvi azk ziaeyiid dxaga mia`yne

zfgyend oeyld lra hqivilaetd dide l`xyi ux`a milretd ibega migeexd gexd ikld

wx meid zqpkp dppi` l`xyi ux`l' :il`xyivx`d aegxa xzeia dheadezepgddwi'fc ly

xwira `l` ...zeernd diig gxe` mre drxd dly zilklkd zxeqnd mr iwalpelrazepgd

itqk jxr mdl yiy ,minpec ly zeixhne`b zexev wx `ed zclend sep ,exear .'z`fd

sepa dhan zvrepd dnda dze` enk bdep dfd zepgd lra .ziaix mxear zeabl xyt`e

:dyxe zeaegxn zepgd lra xear jk ;`etqn zpigaa `ed eli`k ,ea yiy dn lk z` d`exe

dnke dlri df dnk ± iaihlewtq gen ,zepgd lral ,el yiy `ed dndad on mc`d xzFn

.gieex`75

ibeg eniiwy zeyibtd zxcq dlniq ,aeyiia oinil l`ny oia gznd ztxgdl liawna

zey`xa) mdipia miiccd zepealr zyecbe zkynzn dkxrn ly d`iy z` onviie mr oinid

ecnr zegiznd cwFna .zipeivd dldpdd oial (aia`Îlze eti ly zixard dlidwd cre

zihiletde zitqkd dhilyle diilr zepeiyix zwelgl mirbepd miihqilnxete miipkh mipiipr

.diilrd zhilw ia`yn z`vwda76mxfd on il`xyivx`d oinia ewiqdy ziciind dpwqnd

wiprdl onviie z` rpkyl mzglvd i`ne ,dvx` miribnd ipepiad cnrnd ipa ly xaebd

ipiprl ivx` cre' miwdl mdilry dziid ,ux`d oiipal mznexzl zitqke zianet dxkd

didy) aia`Îlza ipeivd 'aelw'a rawpy ,creed cxyn .ine`ld creed ci lr lrtiy ,'dilr

.ycgd sebd ly eicri lre eaih lr cird ,(miillkd mipeivd ly mybtn mewn mb xekfk

dniiwzdy ,il`xyivx`d ixeaivd sepa mipeebn minxeb zetzzyda dcire zeawra mwed `ed

igily .ax cda dzeel eznwde ,aia`Îlza 'dilvxd' diqpnib mle`a xanvca 16±15Îa

dfkxzd creed zelirt .(dcireea etzzydy s`) creel sxhvdln erpnp milretd dpgn

zegtyn zexyr zxarda reiq zhyedae ux`d itegl m`ea mr milerd zlaw ikxc xetiya

74.24.10.1924 ,meid x`c ,'!dnicw ,miznfid' ,i"a`Îoa xnzi`

75mdinece ,elld mixacd .xewna zeybcdd ;27.11.1924 ,xirvd lretd ,'ipepiad cnrnd' ,oatel 'i

,'ipeepg'd lr gztnd xn`n z` xagl iwqpihea'f z` eripd ,ze`ad mipya rnyidl eid micizry

day zizeaxzÎzixehqid dcnr lr xezieel dyixck 'zepgd z` aefrl' driazd z` xicbd eay

.179 'nr ,(4 dxrd ,lirl) hiay :e`x .ely invrd ceakae dee`ba dribtke icedid mrd fg`p

76c"txz a`a 'c ,zipeivd dldpdl aia` lze eti ly zixard dldwd cre azkn :lynl ,e`x

dldwd creel zipeivd dldpdd azkn ;8±445 wiz ,5188 lkin ,aia`Îlz ziixir oeikx` ,(4.8.1924)

elld mitebd ipy oia dl` oirn zeax zeieazkzd mb e`x .my ,15.8.1924 ,aia`Îlze eti zixard

.aia`Îlz ziixir oeikx`a df wiza

472o fg xi`n]20[

lr orype jxcend ixtk izeayiizd mbc xevil dti`y jezn ,miixtk miaeyiil aia`Îlzn

aeyid' ik ,zepbxead ibega mb dgeexy dxkdd on rap df mbc .miipbxea miizxag zeceqi

.'[dtig] milb za ilb lre milyexi irlq lr ,aia`Îlz zeleg lr wx miiwzdl lkei `l

lrn xiqdl ,igxfnde miillkd mipeivd ibeg mr epnpy ,creed ixag zti`y ,mle`e

.dafkp ,zeiaihwecext izlad mzeg z` odize`na dvx` zeribnd ipepiad cnrnd zegtyn

didy ,cplfixtÎoe cixtbif ,zipeivd dldpdd xafb mr 1925 x`epi ziy`xa eniiwy daiyia

dpenye miying ik oiiv `ed ,zipeivd zehlgdd zlaw zkxrna xzeia mdl aexwd mc`d

mkeza milleke miaihwecext izla md 1924 xanvc yceg cr dribdy diilrd on mifeg`

erci el ik orhe ,mrfa eixac lr law iwqxteq .dvx` e`a `lnl` did aheny mihpnl`¨

,'ux`l milerd mihpnl`d' z` zipeivd dldpdd dkixrn cvik `hilae dawqena ,dyxeea

epnvrl igl zkn mipzep epiid f` ± mixg` mihpnl` e`eai mnewnay' dztcrdl mircen eide

z` `iadl epilry epl dxn` zepeivd ...iaihwecext epi` eaexa l`xyi mr ...dlek zepeivle

.'dlebd on mrd lk77

zeieticrd xcq z` zepyl e` xtkl ick did `l eizinre iwqxteq ly mnrfa ,mle`e

eivd dbdpdd lyeapfn gixn bcd oi`' ik ewqt ,'xezd' ,igxfnd zbltn ly dpe`hiaa .zip

dpgada ipepiad cnrnd iyp` l` onviie ly ezeqgiizd yxey z` e`vne ,'ey`xn `l`

p"c .'iwalpe dwi'fcn `ad "mzqÎxbdn"d oiae "ihqil`ici`d uelgd" oia' dyer `edy

z` xn` onviieey jk lr dnz ,oecpa ezbltn ztwyd z` `hiay ,xn`nd xagn ,xwpixa

ilra ,zeaiyi iyp` mr ybtp ,dagexle dkxe`l ux`d z` xary xg`l `yepa eixac

z`e mdizepelz z` rnye ,zihxtd dnfeid iyp` xzie mixki` ,diiyrz ilra ,dk`ln

' :hilgd j` ,dgtynd lra dlerl ihqil`ci`d uelgd oia dlcadd lr mdize`gnoipa"

'!ine`ld ziad z` dpap dl`a `l ,xnelk ."cegl iwalpe dwi'fc icedie ,cegl ine`ld ziad78

dziid mdipiipr meciwl aeyiia ipepiad cnrnd iciqg ly mzpigan zxg` dtelgy dnec

epiipa avw zv`dl elld ly zilwicxd ozti`y levip jez ,milretd zebltn l` dxiag

iyp`n miax dpiit`y ,'zipeiveleax ytp zpekz ixt' did df mfilwicx .ipeivd lrtnd ly

.xirvd lretd zbdpd ly dywd oirxbd z` mb ± geexd ienicl cebipae ,dceard zecg`

dziid ef m` s` ,ux`l diilrd swid zv`dl ztxebe zcnzn driaz mb xzid oia llk `ed

.iaeyiid oinid xarl miibele`ci` miteciba mizrl dtevx79

zlaw zxnva cigid xikad i`wihiletdy ,dcaerd zhlea igkepd xn`na oecpd xywda

lretdn wvpixty sqei did diilrd avw zv`da fera jnzy zr dze`a zipeivd zehlgdd

77;29.12.1924 ,my ,'dilrd ipiprl dcired zehlgd' ;16.12.1924 ,ux`d ,'dilrd ipiprl dcired'

,ifkxnd ipeivd oeikx`d ,4.1.1925 ,dilrd ipiprl ifkxnd creed lewehextJ1/166'c ,'oeayge oic' ;

.my ,(29.1.1925) d"txz hay

78' ,xwpixa p"c"ziriaxd dilrd".14.11.1924 ,xezd ,'

79,b"lyz aia`Îlz ,zipicnd dhiyde miipeirxd zeceqid :1930±1919 ,dceard zecg` ,ipxeb sqei

.29.8.1924 ,xirvd lretd ,'dilrd zenilaextn' ,oatel 'i ;283±278 ,271±268 'nr

]21[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie473

ly dipvip zrted mr xak .zipeivd dldpdd ly dceard zwlgn y`xa cnry ,xirvd

lehial `iadl ick z`f lvpz zipeivd dldpddy raz `ed ,1924 i`na ,ziriaxd diilrd

ldpn wqt ,el cebipa .ux`l zipzen izla diilr ornl lrtze diilrd zepeiyix ly dhiyd

zeidl zaiig dxibdd dzr zrl ik ,yiw wixcxt ,zipeivd dldpdd ly zipicnd dwlgnd

oiipal zilniqwne dxet dnexz mexzzy gihadle 'zeipqxd' ze`vez repnl ick ,ziaihwlq

.dly izxagd dpanle ux`d80

ziigpda hlged day ,xaehwe`a 9Îa zipeivd dldpdd zaiyia szzyd `l wvpixty

zriqp awr ,oiletn ipepiad cnrnd ly ziriaxd diilrd swid z` mvnvl zeqpl onviie

exeiq zepwqn z` wvpixty bivd ,dvx` eaey mr .oiletl ycwed oexg`d dwlgy dcear

z` oihelgl dxzq oday zixwird .xaehwe`a 26Îa dniiwzdy zipeivd dldpdd zaiyia

on zraepd zepncfdd z` lvpz zipeivd dldpddy yxc wvpixty .onviie ly ezyib

myl .myn micedi xzeiy dnk ly ziciin d`lrdl lrtze oileta zilklkd zexrxrzdd

lk .zixad zevx`l zppkeznd ezriqp iptl cer oiletl rqii onviieey ipeig ik ,xaq jk

qgia adlpd gexd avn wefig' z` ,oitex ly egeqipk ,sqd lr elqt dldpdd ixag xzi

ik xird yiw .zrk oiletl reqpl onviieel el l`y exaqe ,oileta xxeyd 'l`xyi ux`l

ux`'l mb dktd `ide ,cala miipeivd mil`ci`d znybdl ux` zeidl dlcg l`xyi ux`

mle`a onviie ly ene`pl epif`dy eizinr lk .'dtexi`a reci beqn micedi mixbdnl hlwn

zraep eizinr ly mzecbpzdy ,aibd wvpixty .ezpeek dnl ahid erci milyexia 'oeiv'

xagd `edy s` ik ,oiiv dielb dafk`a dledn d`ilta .'dlecbd dilrdn cgte dyleg'n

ipa zilr z` iaeig ote`a' d`exd cigid mb `ed ,milretd dpgnl jiiyd dldpda cigid

mikxrd mr xywa ux`l zipepiad dxcydmiizeaxzdnd miizexagdeceqi xeza miyny

.'ine`ld oipal81miizeaxz mikxr ziipwdl rixknde ipey`xd i`pzd ,wvpixty ly ezhiyl

,md xy`a (mivelgd on licadl) micedid ipendl ezrepz dlbc day gexa miixar

milretd dpgna onviie ly eipn`p lecb ,wvpixty .l`xyi ux`l dligz eribi mdy did

epi` diilrd `yepa zipeivd zexczqdd `iyp hewpl xga eay ewd ik qxb ,il`xyivx`d

,milretd dpgn ly ,ux`d oiipa ly ,zepeivd ly ,oilet zecdi ly dryd ikxev z` m`ez

mixcg ixcga wvpixty riady dyibd z` .aeyiia ipbxead oinid ibeg ly mb gxkdae

!'eplltzd z`fd dilrd l`' :wxq iletlt ilae `ln dta 'igxfnd' zrepz mya xwpixa `hia82

wxei e i pa ' iwalp ' .d

xiardl xga `ed onein i`wihiletk .llk ef dyibl xkepn did `l onviie ,znieqn dpigan

mivrdle xic`dl xga day dxifd .ziriaxd diilrl rbepa mipey mildwl mipey mixqn

80Moshe Mossek, Palestine Immigration Policy under Sir Herbert Samuel: British, Zionistand Arab Attitudes, London 1978, pp. 129–130

81oeikx`d ,26.10.1924 ,zipeivd dldpdd lewehext.ily dybcdd ;ifkxnd ipeivd

82.(78 dxrd ,lirl) xwpixa

474o fg xi`n]22[

zevx`a zicedid dxifd dziid mipey`xd diycega ziriaxd diilrd ly dzeaiyg z`

wa`nd did xn`na dpecpd dtewzd jxe` lkl onviie ldipy ifkxnd ihiletd wa`nd .zixad

.zicedid zepkeqd ly dznwdl83mia`yn zbydl rixknd sepnd z` d`x `ed df seba

eizerqnn oecpell eaey mr .ipeivd oefgd znybd jxevl icedid mra zihilet dkinze miitqk

onviie riced ,zixad zevx`l daexwd ezriqp z`xwl dpkdke ,dap'fae l`xyi ux`a

,sqk mr mi`a miyp`' :zepkeqd znwd ivn`na ipeivÎ`ld etzey ,lyxn i`ell zeybxzda

l`xyi ux`l zifit zexaer ynn 'fcele iwipelq ;mdly dceard ildpn mr ,zepekn mr

dtige etiy gihand gezit ly alyl eqpkp iyn zbix`e dpzek ziieehy `id d`vezde

.'oekizd mid seg lr miaeyg diiyrz ifkxnl egztzi84eiaxewn ipta onviie dceezd zra da

zevr zcae` `id j` ,mivelga lthl cvik zrcei zipeivd dldpdd ik ,zipwixn`d zepeiva

zexczqdd .h"yil 1,500±1,000Îk mzeyxayk miribnd miyp`l riiql cvik zrcei dpi`e

.'ce`n miaeh mipeiv' md mby it lr s` ,mxear xac dyer dpi` zipeivd85

xe`iza lekn xzei zxkip diilrd ziibeqa ef dtewza onviie dyry zihiletd divletipnd

z` rilad `ed .1924 xaehwe`±ipei miycega diilrd ipezp lr lyxnl glyy iphxtd

zrax`k e`a elld miycegd zynga dvx` eribdy milerd mitl` zxyrk axwny dcaerd

zeax zevx`n 'izin` zeielb ueaiw' llegzn lreta eli`k `eey bvn yxte ,oiletn mitl`

.(cere dipnxb ,eced ,dxkea ,qipeh ,ewexn ,wxir ,owlad) laza86azkna ,yceg xeark

cebipa ik ,'cgein oeivl die`xd zibelekiqtd dcaera' onviie d`bzd ,oiihypii` hxal`l

milerd on miax ixd ,mirvn`d ixqg zecnrnl xwira mixbdnd ekiizyd mday exar minil

zeiepncfd ic zeniiw xaky mipin`nd ,revwn ilrae mixirf mixgeq md eiykr miribnd

.mcnrna miyp` ly zglven zeayiizdl87

xg`l .l`xyi ux`l miribnd milerd `yepa ezrc z` dpiy onviieey jkn wiqdl oi`

ly qpka szzydl ick zixad zevx`l `vi `ed ,mihcpnd zcre ly g"ecd zyxt dreeby

.zicedid zepkeqd ly dznwd zipkz z` mcwl oeiqipa ,mipeivÎ`ld88e`ea xg`l reay

mitqk qeibl qpk zxbqna ,exewia jldna oey`xd ianetd ene`p z` onviie `yp wxei eipl

mb `ed ekldnae ,x`exata 16Îa 'led ibpxw' mle`a miiwzd qpkd .ceqid oxw dpbx`y

83.71±52 'nr ,o"yz milyexi ,1931±1919 ,zepey`x mipy :zicedid zepkeqd ,mlir l`bi

84.247±246 'nr ,12 ,(30 dxrd ,lirl) onviie zexb` ,8.11.1924 ,lyxn i`ell onviie miig azkn

85.251 'nr ,my ,9.11.1924 ,oneipe bxaphexl onviie azkn

86lr .ef dtewza miler 11,850Îl mixahvnd ,miillk miiyceg miixtqn mipezpa eazkna awp onviie

oiletn miler 3,852 dvx` elr oecpd onfd wxta ,c"id ipeivd qxbpewl eybedy dxibdd ipezp it

mixbdnd ly llekd jqd oiipra onviie ly geeica dltpy zerhd) miler 9,537 ly llek jq jezn

lr oiicr qqazd `l d`xpky ,xaehwe` ycega dxibdd swid ly ieby rcinn drape zpeekn dpi`

'nr ,my ,onviie zexb` ,8.11.1924 ,lyxnl onviie azkn :e`x .mifeg` 40Îk mdy ,(ipkcr oezp

.235±234 'nr ,(17 dxrd ,lirl) c"id qxbpewl oeayge oic ;247±246

87.285 'nr ,my ,onviie zexb` ,12.12.1924 ,oiihypii` hxal`l onviie azkn

88.70±68 'nr ,(83 dxrd ,lirl) mlir

]23[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie475

dnad lrn eixac .epeyl zeaevxg z` onviie xxgy df me`pa .iwalpe dwi'fc ziibeql yxcp

ly oereaya micg` mini xeark mqxety ,me`pd ly inyxd gqepd mr cg` dpwa elr `l

,zixad zevx`a zipeivd zexczqddThe New Palestine.89dna zn` ly dcin zniiw m`

izxvr `le iaxwa mg ial' ± iwalpe dwi'fc lr eixacl rbepa eizepexkifa onviie azky

mqxety xe`izd itl .milyexia eixacl `le wxei eipa ene`pl dpeekd d`xpk if` ± 'igexa

oeziraThe New York Timeslr e`av yi` sl` mixyr ,led ibpxwa qepikd zxgnl

iagxa iept llg lk e`line dnipt qpkidl egilvd mdn mitl` zyngk wx j` zezlcd

.onviie ipt z` mciw ze`eyz ly jyenn uxte miwgy driwxd ldwd zeadlzd .mle`d90

ly aezkd gqepl onviie gipd recn oiadl hlgda xyt` ,z`fd zeybxd zxrq rwx lr

xaice ,(okn xg`l lreta mqxety itk) eihxt ihxtl caern gqep enr didy lkk ,me`pd

.egex mega

eipa ziyingd dxcyd mpi` ,led ibpxw z` ycby ldwl onviie xiaqd ,iwalpe dwi'fc

,ilpeivxetext izla ote`a dlcb xirde aia`Îlza mixver milerd on mifeg` miying .wxei

ezrya elcb eay yaeyn ote` eze`a ,xira miigl xtka miigd oia lwyn ieeiy ila

) wxt exeaae oilwexaa ± wxei eipa zeicedid zepekydBorough Parkcenrl xar o`kn .(

mlerd iagx lka icedid ehba' :zniiwd zicedid dieedd znerl ipeivd lrtnd ly ecegii lr

lr zqqeand divfiliaivd lk mb okle xtkd ,dnc`d ,ux`d .miiqetih mixr iayezl epktd

,aia`Îlza dxwi jk m` .'oileta rxi`y dn dfe ,eply eid `l dnc`de zxeqnd ,dtyd ,xtkd

dwlg zpn mb eidi ,llka oilet zecdile ,hxta dyxe icedil erxi`y zeilht ze`vez oze`

oi` m` mb okle ,'diipad jildz z` zpeekne zhly zepeivd' l`xyi ux`a .aia`Îlz ly

xtkd ,dxiird ,dnc`d oia oefi` xqeg xveeiiy repnl `id 'dyecwd dzaeg' ,renyl gep df

epryida wxei eip icedil onviie xidad ,miwgy icxeb miwdl xyt` i` l`xyi ux`a .xirde

:miineiÎmeid mdiig zepeifg lr

itk iwalpe dwi'fc iptn mkz` xidfn ip` .epze` wqxie epiy`x lr hhenzi dly dpand

...my xebl eilr .xira llk jxca xb ihxt mc` ...ziyingd dxcyd iptn mkxidfn iziidy

mqiqa lry zeceqid z` mixvei mipy iab lr mipy mixiy mixy ep` mzx`tzly mivelgd

.icileq ote`a mewze ,xird mewz91

89Chaim Weizmann, ‘From the Rhine to the Volga’, The New Palestine, 20.2.1925miwlg .

caernd me`pd ly ixard gqepd .13.3.1925 ,'zeixg`e dwevn inia' ,mlerda mb enqxet df gqepn

(16±17.3.1925 ,'wxei eipa onvie x"cd ly `lnd ene`p :dbleed cr oiixd on') meid x`ca dligz rited

,cenll xyt` lreta `yipy df did `l mqxety gqepdy dcaerd lr .onviie iazka jyndae

onviie x"c ly ene`p' :12.3.1925 ,ux`da enqxety onviie me`pn miwlg ly okezd on ,lynl

.'x`exatl 16 meia wxei eipa [jk] ibexew mle`a mr ztq`a

90‘Ovations by Zionists to Dr. Weizmann’, The New York Times, 17.2.1925ztq` ihxt' ;

.17.3.1925 ,ux`d ,'wxei eipa mrd

91‘Address of Doctor Chaim Weizmann Delivered at Carnegie Hall’, 16.2.1925,onvie jfpb ,

.16.2.1925

476o fg xi`n]24[

rbepa eirney ala wtq exized `l iwalpe dwi'fc `yepa onviie ixac ,ipexwrd xeyina

.l`xyi ux` ly dziipal dvegpd milerd ziiqelke` ly diite`e daih ziibeqa ezcnrl

izlade diefad ezenc dkxev ic exear dllhvd mxhy in zaehl mzxpe fxcfd cltpfex 'y

ly ene`p qiqa lr .ziriaxd diilrd ini gzta iwalpe dwi'fcn icedid dlerd ly dievx

,'x`cd' ,wxei eipa xe`l `veid ixard oezira dritedy dniyxa hxite xii` `ed ,onviieŸ

:mkilr melye uxt l"i ,mixtq xken ilcpn ly mdiazkn le`yd oepbqa

siqen iziid ,`ln `xwn df didy `lele ± lynl eidy 'dwi'fc'e 'iwalp' iyp` ly maih dn

pipyle'.dqitz ixidne uexn ilw ,md 'minMegn minkg' dl`d miyp`d ?epizegiya ± 'd

mipea md dlile meie .`edy in iptn migxea e` ,`edy in ixg` mivx m` :cinz md micexh

,zeaexrz ipin lk lr zepeyne zepey zeipkz mikxer ,xie`a zegxet zeip` efi` mpeinca

oqgn `ed mgen ?'`pin `wtp' dn .epin epi`ya oin m`e epina oin m` .'zeivpianew'e zeakxd

`ln mgene `d `le `d `l my oi`y yie .zeiyrz ipin lke mixgqn ipin lk ly lecb

:oiprd zad`n `l` !`l .ipern `weec e`le ?migieexn cvik :zg` mzb`c .mzq `ey inqwn

miyp`d .dpnd xak el yiy ixg` ,el mixqgd miz`nd zbyd ,oiafe oiaf ,'mipei zgxtd'

`l` ,miiga dnewz mdl oi`e .xgeql zxaerd divpianewd :cg` `l` mler mdl oi` dl`d

mdy ,dl` yiakr ixewa `l` ,miigd l` mixeyw md oi`e .cala zg`d z`f oryn zcewpa

lke md .l`xyi ux`l mibiltne mid l` mivtew ...mixen`d miyp`dy yi ...minid lk mieeh

elit` jxc el `vni zepexykd lra mc` ?my il dne dt il dn ...mdizegena xy` yekxd

l`xyi ux` ixde .ynn zenler dpea `ed 'xgqn' dlna eize`vnde eiyeciga .legd ixd oia

.`a `ed ixde rqep `ed ixde .zcner `id dpipaa92

`iyp cinrd ,zeihqipnviie zeipeiv miipira ef dievx izla zitihe`xhq zenc znerl

.mibgd inia aia`Îlza exewia zra eipir cbpl dzlbpy ,zg` dpenz zipeivd zexczqdd

ene`p z` od ,1924 xanaepa 8Îa lyxn i`ell ihxtd eazkn z` od mzg `ed ef dpenza

diilrd ztewz ly xe`izd z` od ,1925 x`exata 16Îa led ibpxwa ceqid oxw qpka

ly dcina miqgiizn ,onviie rci ,zixad zevx` icedi .ely ditxbeiaehe`a ziriaxd

geexd l`ci` ixg` mihedl mpi` elldy llba wx `le ,mkxce mivelgd itlk cyg

opebl yg ok lre ,dxzid mzeipelig awr mb xzid oia `l` ipwixn`d ihqil`ecieeicpi`d

mivelgd oi` .zipgex zelrzd irbxl dxenyd zwwefn dwixehxa eixac z` x`ite mdilr

) lieeqpe`xa zepekya miizcd mildpzn eay ote` eze`a miizcBronsvillelieewxei e` (

)Yorkvilleizal jenq evawp mivelg itl` cvik dfg `ed xetik mei axra j` ,xtiq ,(

92iy`xn cg` ly dtixgd ezaebz e`x .27.2.1925 ,x`cd ,'dcixi dnr yiy dilr' ,cltpfex 'y

xe`izl .13.3.1925 ,6.3.1925 ,x`cd ,'ziyilyd dilrd' ,oibxeg 't ,l`xyi ux`a miillkd mipeivd

aegxa mihaipd 'zxcdpd dc`ihehxnqd' ze`xn gkepl 'beprze zxenxnv' `lne dihtn` yecb ,xg`

zeawra iztxv i`pezir :ribd ccepd icedid ,xcpel xal` :e`x ,epnn mitrzqnd zeaegxae iwalp

.132±111 'nr ,g"qyz dpinipa ,micedid

]25[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie477

lk' zlitz z` renyl ekld xird iayez 25,000Îkn sl` 17,000Îk .aia`Îlza zqpkd

.jxazd ,'ixcp93,wil`ia z`e eze` xird zevega mdinky lr e`yp mivelg mze`y dcaera

z` szyl onviie gxh `l ,aia`Îlza ddy mday mixg`d bgd inia ,mixye mifftn mdyk

.ipwixn`dÎicedid eldw94lr `edy i`pb iepik lkn xzei ,eze` dcnil ef dcaer ,mle`e

ly dzyib oia ipbxe`de irvn` izlad xeaigd ly eaih dn ,dyxeea miicedi zeaegx

`iveiy dghan z` dny eay ldwd oial zipeivd drepzd ly zizeaxzdÎzihiletd dbdpdd

iwalpn 'mixg`' lr `le ,mdilr ,wece .dyrnd iiga lretd l` gekd on szeynd mpefg z`

.odinece dwi'fcne

ernce xg` icedi myn wgxd cwx ,led ibpxwa onviie ly ene`p xg`l zereay dyely

mkxca micedi 600 dyxeen e`vi ,1925 qxna 7 ,xc`a `"ia .mixg` micedi zeybxzdn

zefgn e`xp dcxtd zrya' .xira zakxd zpgzl evawp yi` 25,000Îk .l`xyi ux`l

:jiynde ,'meid' i`yxeed oezird geeic ,'axd ldwd lk lr wfg myex eyry al iyirxn

icedid ligzd me`zt ...l`xyi ux`l ezia ipa lk mr rqp ,iwalp aegxn xgeq ,cg` icedi'

miypde miyp`d lk z` zernc icil `iad dfd dfgnd .dgny aexn zelegna z`vl dfd

.'xye`n cwxnd icedid z` e`x xy`95llba cwx `l ,xi`dl jxev yi m` ,icedi eze`

.zeybxzd zernc ea mitevd elifd jk meyn `le l`xyi ux`a el dtvnd geexd

mekiq . e

diqexn ekxca ,`hilay dplieea miipia zxivr lvxd a`f oinipa xvr 1903 hqebe`a 16Îa

qxbpewd l` ,aepiyiwa mexbetd zeawra iqexd oehlyd zxnv mr crep day ,zix`vd

ely 'oey`xd iciind ybtn'l did df .lfaa miiwzdy ,'dcpbe` qxbpew' `ed ,iyiyd ipeivd

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.'syp ixg` zxn`pd dviln ef oi`' :siqed ,wtq xiqdl icke96mireci zegtd mirexi`d cg`

ezywa it lr jxry sehgd xewiad `ed xef`a ddy eay meid jldna lvxd lr exary

zbixql dk`ln ziaae dixbpa xwiae icedi gtp my ybt lvxd .dplie ly xaxt ,weyitipya

.mlaqae mzelca miheytd micedid z` d`xe xiip ikxevl zephw zeiepgl qpkp ,miiaxb

,ce`n ybxzp oke .zerncn eipir z` xevrl cer leki `ly ,jk ick cr rfrefn did lvxd'

.'lvxd z` ze`xl wx dvex `ed :el ozpy rahnd z` dceza ecil xifgd ipr icediyk97

93;247±246 'nr ,12 ,(30 dxrd ,lirl) onvie zexb` ,8.11.1924 ,lyxnl onviie azknAddress ofWeizmann.298 'nr ,(7 dxrd ,lirl) onviie ;(91 dxrd ,lirl)

94.10.10.1924 ,mlerd ,'l`xyi ux`a onviiee x"c'

95.9.3.1925 ,meid ,'i"`l yi` 600 za dlecb dxiiy ziilr :dyxee'

96;213±212 'nr ,`"qyz milyexi ,1904±1902 :b ,17.8.1903 ,onei ixtq :micedid oiipr ,lvxd xece`iz

.(oey`xd hehivd o`kn) 199 'nr ,g"qyz milyexi ,lvxd ,ixpia` dnly

97dplieea lvxd' ,teyxie oxd` ;364±363 'nr ,b"nyz milyexi ,dit`xbeia :lvxd ,oiia qkl`

478o fg xi`n]26[

zexczqdd `iyp xn` ,1927 zpya e"hd ipeivd qxbpewd axr ,mipy rax`e mixyr xeark

mivex mpi`' aeyiia ilklkd avnd lr mippe`znd ik ,i`pezir oei`xa onviie miig zipeivd

oi` ,mirexb mixeztk my zeyrl ligzne weyitipyn icedi `a l`xyi ux`l m`y ,oiadl

.'miiwytipyd mixeztkd liaya micgein qkn iweg wwegl dkixv zilbp`d dlynnd98

z` onviie xn`y zray ,weyitipy ly dnya exywpy elld zeixwnd zecefit`d izy

ly dxywda ,mle`e .zixehqid dpigan gipf lwyn zelra eid ,oiletn wlg dziid eixac

ly ezebidpn lr eppeicn zeraepd zeidz elld zecefit`d zeccgn ,o`k dbvedy dibeqd

xekipd xewn edn ,ziy`x .siwn ixwgn oeirl ekfiy ie`xe ziriaxd diilrd ini gzta onviie

zengln oiay dtewza zepeiva xzeia daeygd zihiletd zeiyi`d z` ewigxdy mfipebhp`de

mrd on cakp wlg epiit`y zeqpxtd mre miigd zegxe` mr irvn` izla rbnn mlerd

mxh micedi zlvd lre ux`d oiipa ly avwde mikxcd lr eizeklyd eid dne ,icedid

ixwird iyep`d xb`nd ,oiletl reqpln ef dtewz jxe` lkl onviie rpnp recn ,zipy ?d`eyd

sxvl citwdy in `vnp zipeivd dxifa ik `ed xexay dn ?ezpedk ztewza zepeivd ly

dxezd lr xekre cak lv milihnd miienic ipyk iwalp cvl weyitipy z` mini jxe`l

.onviie ly eyxcn zian zipeivd

izeaxzd ,ipeirxd mprhn lr ,mixkfpd miienicd ly miihra exxerzdy migekieel sqepa

zepeiva exxer mdy zeiniptd zewelgnl oke ,1927Îae 1925Îa miipeivd miqxbpewa ,ihiletde

,dinxfl zipletd99dita ektd elld zexn`d .zihqipeifiaxd drepzd ef zxewiaa dhla

.xn a`kae brla mzyxene eiciqg ,onviie iy`x lrn aeye aey ea ettep diyi`e mecxwl100

zepy yng jyna' :1944 lixt`a mqxety fexka ,l"v`d cwtn ,oiba mgpn azk ,lynl ,jk

"mixneyd" ewqr ,ixard mrd ly leqigd zepy ,(diipyd mlerd zngln=) dnglnd

micnyen m` mdl ztk`d .zexqtqae xgqna ,itnile` hwy jezn ,dl`d (xirvd xneyd=)

?'`plieea mixgeqde iwalpa mipeepgd101xcql qgia mihqipeifieexd egihdy dny`d

zei`xg` ly dcin z`yepd ,diilrd ziibeqa dceard zrepze onviie ehwpy zeieticrd

dktde ,dixg`l od dkldna od ,d`eyd iptl ax onf od drnyp ,oilet zecdi zcnydl

) l`xyia daiaqde dplie i`vei cebi` xz` ,'(di`x cr ly eizepexkifn)vilna.co.ilail dcedi ;(

zecdi ,'1914±1897 ,`hila zipeivd drepzd' ,xpfielw l`xyi ;20.8.1903 ,dxitvd ,'`pliee' ,mrpii`

.516±515 'nr ,` ,j"yz aia`Îlz ,mixg`e oxeb ozp zkixra ,`hil

98,zihqipeifiaxd drepzd ly il`xyivx`d dpe`hia ,oetvd .5.8.1927 ,oetvd ,'onvie x"cd mr dgiy'

.'obxenixt' yicia icedidÎi`bixd oezirl onviie ixac jezn hhiv

99.243±239 'nr ,(10 dxrd ,lirl) oeqlcpn ;170±166 'nr ,(4 dxrd ,lirl) icrlb :lynl ,e`x

100± oelykd yxey' ,iwqpihea'f a`f :lynl ,e`x:mine`p ,e"hd ipeivd qxbpewa me`p ,'dldpda

`"a` ;1939 qx`na 31 ,siwynd ,'!mi`ad mikexa' ,up 'i ;20 'nr ,g"iyz milyexi ,1940±1927

dipenbd"d zava "oini"d' ,dacp sqei ;23.3.1960 ,zexg ,'aia`Îlz ly diaie`' ,xi`nig`

"zilretd,1948±1901 ,ditxbeiaehe` :oeivl ikxc ,xca opgei ;61 'nr ,(1988 x`exat) 1 ,aizp ,'

.155 'nr ,[c"yg] aia`Îlz ,mec` caxn ,xvew dix` ;132±131 'nr ,h"pyz milyexi

101.52 'nr ,` ,h"iyz aia`Îlz ,miazk :zxzgna ,1944 lixt` ,'mipin`n ep`' ,oiba mgpn

]27[ziriaxd diilrd ly diienic zexveeide onviie479

`id zra da .exywdn yelze yelw izcaerd dqiqay s` oeyl rahnle daygn zipazl

erahpy ,weyitipye iwalp icedia micwennd miienicd miaxeve mipinf exzep dnk cr dcirn

miihilet miwa`n ly mzegwlzd mre mipnfd zetilga mb ,mieqn xywdae zg` dtewza

.iaihwlewd oexkifde ihiletd meid xcq ,drcezd aevir lr oihelgl dpey ze`ivna

ly ipey`x oeiva wtzqpe ,zizhiy dpigal zeie`x odilr epravdy zeidzd izy ,xen`k

.ux`a sqep xewial onviie `a 1927 zpya ipeivd qxbpewd xg`l .ogezipl miixyt` mipeeik

z` cwet epi`y lr xzid oia swzed `ed aia`Îlz ziixir eceakl dkxry miptd zlawa

xaecny did xexa ,envr onviie llek ,lekl .dleba icedid mrd ly 'zeagxd zexcyd'

y`xae ,zepeivd znybdl zeihpeelxd 'zeagxd zexcyd' eid day ,oiletl f` cr ezriqp i`a

ipiipr dprnn hnzyd onviie .minzkend eizeaegx lr dyxeea icedid raexl dpey`xae

,dipnex z` xearl ip` cner eiykr :ux`l ux`n xaer ,cpe rp cinz ip` mkl recik' :aiyde

zexcyd l` `a ip` oi` ,elld zevx`a ,myy exn`z melke ,cere dwixt` ,dwixn` ile`

cer il dzid `l mpn`' :lztzde xeyd ipxwa ,dxe`kl ,onviie fg` f`e ?'epnr ly zeagxd

,cifna `le bbeya dfy epiaz la` ,oexg`d m`epd wcv ile` dfa ,dipleta zeidl zepncfd

zeagxd zexcyd z`e [!] eze` xik`e dtexi` gxfnl mb oncf` d`ad e` ef dpya ile`e

.'my102.mlern owez `l 'bbey'd

ux`a jxry sqep xewiaa onviie aibd ,'iwalpe dwi'fc' lr mb rlaenae ,'weyitipy' lr

.sebpfic xi`n diixird y`x ztlvdl daeyza ,1934 zpya ,aia`Îlz ziixirae l`xyi

lrk epilr hiany' ,onviie itlk dpih yi eixag alae eala ik ,ezkxa ixaca fixkd oexg`d

lhan `ed la` ,feaa cib` `l epil` qgiizn onviie x"c ."weyitipy" lrke "mifrea"

.'mibxeg mipa'k aia`Îlz iayeza bdep `ed ,mrd lk ly bidpn ynyl mewnae ,'epze`

.mitiwzl dxenyd 'dad`' d`xpk dziid ef .'ade` irvt' md dl` ik daeyza wtzqd onviie

.diixird oiipa cily xxeynd zial wil`ia mr oaenk qpkp `ed qwhd meiqa103

ex`zl aihid oatel .1924 ly diipyd zivgna rxi` zepeivd zexewa cg` rixkn rexi`

ux` ixry lr zn`a miwtczn micedid ,xzei dcb` z`f oi` meik' :hlgen al ieliba

,xn`na dyxtpy zixehqidd dnxcd ly ditzeyl did dncp zg` zixehqid dryl .'l`xyi

.'dieca dcb`' cer epi` ipeivd melgde refl elgd icedid mrd ly mitiqd zen` ik104zcewpn

102,aia`Îlz zixir zerici ,'aia`Îlza ,onvie miig x"cd ,zinlerd zipeivd zexczqdd `iyp xewa'

m`dcpiee 1927 x`epia dyxeea xwia ,zilnqn xzei `idy zpiiprn mixwn zekinqa .15.10.1927

zepeivd lye onviie ly miwdaend micicid cg`e xaryl l`xyi ux`a hcpnd zlynn xikfn ,qcic

:miiqlw miihqipnviieek mxicbdl xyt`y migpena exewia z` wnip qcic .zihixad zeciwtd axwa

ueaiw ze`xl izwwezyd ,ziy`x :df ivtgl eid miwenp ipy .oilet icedi z` ze`xl izvtg xak df'

z` d`ex ip` ...i"` oipal oilet icedi eyre elrt dn ,izrciy jezn ,zipye ,enewna lecb icedi

izwwezyd okle .l`xyi mr z` mb m` ik ,l`xyi ux` z` zepal wx `l d`ay drepz xeza zepeivd

m`dcpiee xiq' :e`x .'micedid mipendd lr dzrtyd dn ,mklv` o`k zepeivd ly daih dn ze`xl

.16.1.1927 ,ux`d ,'dyx`eea qcic

103.22.3.1934 ,xac ,'`"z zixira onvie zaiqn'

104.29.8.1924 ,xirvd lretd ,'dilrd zenilaextn' ,oatel

480o fg xi`n]28[

ly maex ,zixard zine`ld zeaxzd z` eaviry mitqep miyi`e wil`ia ,onviie ly mhan

mixyken' eid `l l`xyi ux`l mdinrt miny elgd ik did d`xpy micedid mipendd

.'mliaya ux`d `le ux`d liaya md `l .jkl miie`xe105ux`l eribdy drya ,jke

ztewza ux`l oiletn exbidy miler 33,000Îk llkn yi` 6,500Îk wx 1924 seqa l`xyi

exewia zra dvx` ribdl ewitqd yi` 6,500 mze`n zivgn wxy dryae ,ziriaxd diilrd

,onviie ly106aeyiid lye zipeivd drepzd ly iaihwlewd oexkifa enzgpe erawp xak

l`xyi ux`a icediddllkdd .zipletd diilrd `id ,ziriaxd diilrd ly dienice dzenc

dxen`d dllkdl ,xegv a`f oiivy itk j` ,eicgi zeeire zn` daxir ef diilr lr drahedy

drityd `id z`f swezne ,xecd ipa ipira avnd zpenz yeaiba iynn ixehqid ciwtz rcep

.zil`xyivx`d ze`ivnd aevir lr107

diilrd xayny zra ,1926 lixt`a xaea oihxn seqelitd jxry ixeaiv ytp oeayga

mii`hiqxaipe`d zecqendy xeq` ik orh `ed ,zepeiva meid zgiyl did xak ziriaxd

ektdii (mnvrlyk gayl miie`xd ,dtiga oeipkhde milyexia zixard dhiqxaipe`d) egztpy

zpeeknd zeaxzd zcear `ed xwird .'l`xyi ux`a zicedi zeaxz'a xaecnyk lek oeifgl

daivdy zeirad on cenll dlikyd zipeivd drepzd m` wtq riad xaea .mrd jepigl

xyt` ji` ?dl yi miyp` efi`e l`xyi ux` dwewf miyp` efi`l' :ziriaxd diilrd dipta

miayez xeavl el xyt` ji` ?miwitqnl ± diciwtzl miwitqn mpi`y dl` z` jetdl¦

zeyrdlmrl,df xywda mdilr zlhend daega dixAce zepeivd ibidpn exiki `l m` ?'©

,"oeiv" mya' z`xwpd dgep dpyn ziipqk` ipta 'mizrape miyrxp gk ila cenrp' if` ,wqt

abyp xelcbn cinrdl seqelitd ywia ,xacd .'lecbd zelbdÎoeln ly sipq `l` dpi`y

mx `ed ipeivd lrtndy ecibi 'dpy d`n xg`l m` ± epa ielz `ed oiicr' ,ei`xew ipta

' :exn`ie ezleei`le afekd yenind dyrnl y`x ecepie ednzi e` ,`yipei` dfk xac ,ok`"

"miiwzdl el did xyt`.'108zpigal dvegpd zixehqidd daihwtqxtd z` xaea oniq jka

.l`xyi ux`a 'iwalpe dwifc' zrtez zepba xn`y z` xn`yk ,onviie biydl s`yy dn

zxg` e` ef dcina ile` zeniiw weyitipye dwi'fc ,iwalp .dpy miryzn zegt f`n etlg

.opi` ody `ed rixknd mxebd ,laz iagxa icedid mrd ly ezpigan la` ,l`xyia

105cg`e ipletd miiqd xag ly ,ziriaxd diilrd xayn lbxl ,carica 'zgketn'd ezpwqn dziid ef

,'dlxebe zipletd zecdid' ,oedh ryedi x"c ,mlerd zengln izy oia oileta zepeivd ibidpnn

.23.4.1926 ,mlerd

106.235±234 'nr ,(17 dxrd ,lirl) c"id qxbpewl oeayge oic

107.13 'nr ,1987 aia`Îlz ,zil`xyid dwihiletd iyxey ,xegv a`f

108.23.4.1926 ,mlerd ,'ytpd oeayg' ,xaea oihxn