diz-me o que tens, dir-te-ei de onde vem. a proveniência nos museus portugueses
DESCRIPTION
Presentation to the Museum Studies seminar at the University of Porto. Introducing the issue of provenance-research within the context of museum ethics. Focus is on the need to engage in Nazi-era provenance in Portugal and establish the reliability of ALIU/OSS sources, indicating a healthy art market during WWII and post-1945.TRANSCRIPT
Diz-me o que tens, dir-te-ei de onde vem. A proveniência nos museus portugueses.
Inês Fialho Brandão
Seminário Estudos de Museus e Curadoria
proveniência | debates
Éticos= não pressupõe qualquer obrigação outra que moral
* Saque de guerra
* Achado individual
* Reivindicação cultural
Legais= quadro legal pré-estabelecido
(nacional/internacional)
* Roubo
* Exportação não autorizada
* Artefactos arqueol.
(cf. NAGPRA/UNESCO 1970)
éticos
legais
PORTUGAL | QUESTÕES RECENTES
http://www.publico.pt/Cultura/a-turquia-quer-reaver-patrimonio-e-ja-teve-uma-conversa-com-a-gulbenkian-1565797?all=1
PORTUGAL | QUESTÕES FUTURAS
TEMA EM FOCO | ESPOLIAÇÃO NA ÉPOCA NAZI
O QUE SIGNIFICA
PROVENIÊNCIA
NA ÉPOCA NAZI
Provenance
Louis-François Trouard, Paris (until 1779; his
anonymous sale, Paris, February 22, 1779, no. 44, as
"Deux tableaux pendans; ils représentent chacun un
jeune garçon vu à mi-corps; l'un s'amuse à faire des
boules de savon, & l'autre un château de cartes,"
canvas, 23 x 24 pouces, for Fr 95 to Dulac); ?Antoine
Charles Dulac, Paris (1779–1801; his sale, Paillet and
Delaroche, Paris, April 6, 1801, no. 19, as "Deux
Tableaux . . . l'un représente un écolier qui fait des bules
de savon; l'autre, une jeune fille qui fait lire enfant");
Jacques Doucet, Paris (by 1899–1912; his sale, Galerie
Georges Petit, Paris, June 6, 1912, no. 136, as "Les
Bouteilles de savon," for Fr 300,500 [with no. 135, "Le
Faiseur de châteaux de cartes," for Fr 190,000]); David
David-Weill, Paris (1912–at least 1933; cat., 1926, I, pp.
25–26, ill.); Fritz Mannheimer, Amsterdam (until d.
1939); his widow, Jane Mannheimer, Amsterdam, and
later New York (1939–49; held in Paris for Mrs.
Mannheimer at Chenue; seized by the Nazis and
"bought" May 12, 1944 through Posse and Mühlmann
for Fr 800,000 for the Führer Museum, Linz; held at Alt
Aussee [1387] and at Munich collecting point [1588];
returned to France, January 30, 1946, by the Service
Français de la Récupération and restituted following
agreement with SNK [Netherlands Art Property
Foundation] in or after 1948; sold to Wildenstein);
[Wildenstein, New York, 1949; sold to MMA
Provenance ?
Louis-François Trouard, Paris (until 1779; his
anonymous sale, Paris, February 22, 1779, no. 44, as
"Deux tableaux pendans; ils représentent chacun un
jeune garçon vu à mi-corps; l'un s'amuse à faire des
boules de savon, & l'autre un château de cartes,"
canvas, 23 x 24 pouces, for Fr 95 to Dulac); ?Antoine
Charles Dulac, Paris (1779–1801; his sale, Paillet and
Delaroche, Paris, April 6, 1801, no. 19, as "Deux
Tableaux . . . l'un représente un écolier qui fait des bules
de savon; l'autre, une jeune fille qui fait lire enfant");
Jacques Doucet, Paris (by 1899–1912; his sale, Galerie
Georges Petit, Paris, June 6, 1912, no. 136, as "Les
Bouteilles de savon," for Fr 300,500 [with no. 135, "Le
Faiseur de châteaux de cartes," for Fr 190,000]); David
David-Weill, Paris (1912–at least 1933; cat., 1926, I, pp.
25–26, ill.); Fritz Mannheimer, Amsterdam (until d.
1939); his widow, Jane Mannheimer, Amsterdam, and
later New York (1939–49; held in Paris for Mrs.
Mannheimer at Chenue; seized by the Nazis and
"bought" May 12, 1944 through Posse and Mühlmann
for Fr 800,000 for the Führer Museum, Linz; held at Alt
Aussee [1387] and at Munich collecting point [1588];
returned to France, January 30, 1946, by the Service
Français de la Récupération and restituted following
agreement with SNK [Netherlands Art Property
Foundation] in or after 1948; sold to Wildenstein);
[Wildenstein, New York, 1949; sold to MMA
ESPOLIAÇÕES NAZIS
PORQUÊ
PORTUGAL?
Jewish refugees arrive to Lisbon Station. Sept. 1941
Dado que Portugal, um país neutro, recebeu milhares de refugiados daEuropa central e ocidental, e manteverelações comerciais com a Alemanhaentre 1933 and 1945, o nossoobjectivo é identificar as tendências a padrões que marcaram as transacçõesartísticas e o coleccionismo durnateeste período.
METODOLOGIA
Pesquisa de proveniências
= OBJECTOS
Pesquisa sobretransacções
= COMÉRCIO
Pesquisa sobrepersonalidades
= INDIVÍDUOS
// OBJECTOS
85 55 3Number
Collections identified so far
Collections dismissed Pre-selected collections Relevant disbanded collections
12%
88%
Justification for dismissal
Collection amassed pre-1933 Scope of collection
21
16
7
5
3
3
2
1
Central government
Local authority
Private foundation
Regional authority (Azores/Madeira)
Religious entity
n/a
University
Professional association
Supervisory agency
34%
33%
33%
Research priority
HIGH MEDIUM LOW
// OBJECTOS
2
19
12
35
30
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1933-1937 1938-1940 1941-1945 1946-1955 Post-1955 n/a
METHODOLOGYindiviual-based research// INDIVÍDUOS
24
9
7
6
4
4
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Elena Hortega
Leiria & Nascimento
Marques Pereira
Antiquarium
Eliezer Kamenesky
Raquel Sabat(h)
Antiqualia
Casa Calendas
Jacques Kugel
Luis Leal
Jean Ostins
Alfredo Leal
Mr. Lourenco
Alexandre Fernandes
Manuel Pinto
George Duff
Soares & Mendonca
Pereira Coutinho
Unknown
Krus
Karl Buchholz (H)Enrique Lehrfeld
Jean Ostins
Wilhelm Gessmann
(alias Alexander, Joan Charles; Alendorf, Wilhelm)
John Conrad Leon Josipovicci Elfriedo Marques Pereira
Jacques Kugel
ART GALLERY “GALERIA DE ARTE”, Lisbon
CALONDAS GALLERIES, Lisbon
GERMAN BOOKSHOP “LIVRARIA BUCHHOLZ”, Lisbon
Alfredo Leal
ANTIQUARIUM, Lisbon
RED FLAG NAME LIST, ART LOOTING INVESTIGATION UNIT / O.S.S.
// COMÉRCIO
FONTES
História oral Arquivos diplomáticos (PT; US; FR; GER;...)
Media
Dossiers de objectos em museus
Catálogos de leilões e exposições(PT; FR; GER...)
Relatório sobre o ouro NaziArquivos particulares
Arquivos nacionais(PT; US; FR; GER;...)
Arquivos PVDE/PIDE (PT)
Arquivo Salazar(PT)
http://resources.ushmm.org/film/display/detail.php?file_num=1103&tape_id=6566c12e-9cca-48dd-8f49-0fcc022f7a8e&clip_id=&media_type=mp4
http://resources.ushmm.org/film/display/detail.php?file_num=1102