MC LC Nhn xt ca gio vin.. LI NI U Li ni u Ni dung ti Bo co tin tin thc hin cng vic tng tun Chng I: MCH QUANG BO S DNG EPROM V CC LINH KINS DNG TRONG MCH 1.1 Gii thiu v mch quang bo s dng EPROM1.1.1 S khi1.1.2Chc nng ca tng khi1.2Gii thiu v cc linh kin s dng trong mch 1.2.1EPROM (AT28C64 ) 1.2.2IC 74LS90 1.2.3IC 74LS2451.2.4 IC NE555 1.2.5 IC n p 7805, 7812 1.2.6in tr , Led, t in. Chng II: THIT K V THI CNG MCH 2.1 Khi mch np EPROM 2.2 Ki c t xung vung 2.3 Khi mc m2.4 Khi hin th 2.5 ng ed Chng III: NGUYN L HOT NG CA MCH V CHNG TRNH IU KHIN N LED 3.1 Nguyn l hot ng ca mch 3.2 Vit cng trn iu khin n Led HNG M RNG CA TI KT LUN TI LIU THAM KHO LI NI U Ngy nay,cng vi s pht trin ca ngn in t ,rt nhiu nhng ng dng ca ngnh in t gip c c cn ngi rt nhiu trng i sng sinh hot cng n trong cng vic trng kng t khng k n cc bng n dng mch quang bo. Trc y khi m cc mc quang b ca c s dng ph bin th cc ca hiu ,bng tng b ...u c vit n nng vt liu t s ,n dng sn vit ch ln cc tm tn,hay vit n tng vi nng ku hiu trng nng dp trng i..Nng k t khi c mc quang b ra i n tay t c nng png pp t cng lm gim c chi ph v thi gian c cn ngi m vn tu c hiu qu n ng un. Mch quang bo c a v s dng kh ph bin trng i sng v rt phong ph v th loi , kc tc rt nhiu n vc trong cuc sng :lm vt trang tr ,qung co ,gii thiu sn phm, thng bo tin tc Vi rt nhiu ng dng ,v lng ham mun c tm hiu nhng cng ngh mi rng ,m nhm cng e quyt nh thc hin ti : Tit k v ch to mc quang b dng EPROM

Ni dung ti Cc d liu cho trc: -Ngun cung cp 220V/50Hz. -Datasheet h AT28C64(EFROM), ti liu tham kho v lp trnh PAL, GAL. -M hnh (bao gm board np cng trn, bard in th ch bng LED n siu sng ) v yu cu ca ti. -iu khin hin th trn LED n dng c: KHOA IN IN T -Cng trn in th t chn nng pi m bo > 5 ln chy khc nhau. -Cc ti liu, png tin h tr lin quan. Ni dung cng vic cn hon thnh.: Bn bo co v tin thc hin cc cng vic theo tng tun, tng thng. Thuyt in ti (Phn tch yu cu, trn by cc bc tn tn, c s l thuyt, qu trnh thit k v thi cng mc, ng pht trin v phm vi ng dng ca ti). Cc bn v thit k cho tng khi, cho ton b du, y v chnh xc. Sn phm phi hot ng tt, m bo tnh k thut, m thut, p ng ng cc yu cu ca gi vin ng dn. Np thuyt minh v hon thnh sn ph ng ti gian quy nh. Bo co tin tin thc hin cng vic trong tng tun Ngy gia ti:07/12/2009.Ngy kt thc:T 01/2010. sttTunCng vic lm trong tun 1 Tun 1- Nhn ti - Tm hiu , nghin cu v ti v cc ti liu lin quan2Tun 2 + 3- Nhn ch dn ca thy ng dn cng cc thy c v anh ch ka trc v n 3Tun 3 + 4- Khi qut tng th s , nguyn l lm vic ca mch in - Tnh ton thng s cc phn t mc in - D kin cc linh kin dng trong mc in - Bo co v xin kin ca GVHD v cng vic v nhng ch dn thm 4Tun 5+6- Mua linh kin ,lp rp v test th trn bo mch - Chnh sa mc in nu c sai st -V c trn Eage , tc in c in - Lp rp , hn linh kin thnh sn phm honchnh- Kim tra mc in,cho chy th v hiu chnh nu c sai st - Bo co v xin kin ca GVHD v tin trnh lm vic v nhng ch dn thm 5Tun7- Trn by n trntuyt - Xin kin gi vin ng dn v tin trnh lmvic v nhng ch dn thm 6Tun 8- Hn tin sn p , bo co cng vic thc hin vi GVHD - Xin kin ca GVHD v sn phm v nhng ch dn thm Chng I: MCH QUANG BO S DNG EPROM V CC LINH KIN S DNG TRONG MCH 1.1 Gii thiu v mch quang bo s dng EEPROM Mc quang b c s dng rt rng ri trng n vc qung co.Ta c nhiu cc lm mt mch quang bo n c thdng vi x l, dng EPROM.... chng em nhn thy lm mch quang bo s dng EEPROM (AT28C64) l thchhp nht i vi chng em v: u im: Ph hp vi kh nng v c kin thc ca nhm ,mc in n gin ,d thc hin , kc tc mch nh , gi thnh phi cng , cch np cng trn n gin thao tc d dng ,np sai c th np li, khi mun tay i cng trn c ta c th xa cng trn v np vo cng trn i . Hn ch: Thi gian np cng trn c IC tng i lu,cn c ngun in n nh. 1.1.1 S khi Khi mach tao xung Khi mach nap Bng dn Led Khi ngun Khi mach dm Khi mach hin thj 1.1.2 Chc nng ca tng khi a. Khi ngun : cung cp ngun (+5v,+12v) cho ton b mc in hot ng n nh , p ng cho mch chy ng te yu cu k thut t ra . Khi ch ung ung: T tn iu xung vung c b t ng , ta c th iu cn c nan ay c da v tc ca c xungc Khi ch m : dng t a c c c in t EPROM , ki EPROM s xut d iu c np ,tc ca chy ca mch hin th ph thuc vo tc ca mc m tc l ph thuc vo tc xung . d. Khi mch np : Dng np cng trn c EPROM bng cc t d iu v a c. e. Khi ch hin th :c cc nng EPROM xut d iu c np ra bn ngi vc in t qua bng n Led. f ng n Led : c cc nng in t cng trn np ca EPROM 1.2Gii thiu v cc linh kin s dng trong mch 1.2.1EPROM (AT28C64 ) a) Tng quan v b nh bn dn: *RAM (Random Access Memory) :C c im : -L b nh c ghi (R/W memory) -B nh kh bin-Lu tr thng tin tm thi,thngtin s b mt khi mt ngun cung cp. C hai loi chnh l SRAM (Static RAM) v DRAM (Dynamic RAM)

*ROM (Read-Only Memory) Cu to chung ca b nh Rom: B nh ch c (Read-Only Memory - ROM) l mt loi thit b u tr dng trong my tnh v cc thit b kc. N c tn n vy v khng d ghi thng tin ln n. Khng ging n RAM, tng tin trn ROM vn c duy tr d ngun in cp khng cn.ROM, te ng nga, c c pp c d liu t chng tuy nhin tt c cc loi M u cho php ghi d liu t nht mt ln, hoc khi sn xut ln u hoc trng bc lp trnh. Mt s loi ROM cho php xa v lp trnh li nhiu ln. Cc i ROM : PROM: c ch to bng cc mi ni (cu ch - c th t bng mch in). N thuc dng WORM (Write-Once-Read-Many). Cng trn nm trong PROM c th lp trn c bng nhng thit b c bit. Loi ROM ny ch c th lp trn c mt ln. EPROM : c ch to bng nguyn tc phn cc tn in. Loi ROM ny c th b xa bng tia cc tmv ghi li thng qua thit b ghi EPROM. EAROM: Loi ROM ny c th tay i tng bit mt ln. Tuy nhin qu trnh vit kh chm v s dng in th khng chun. Vic vit li EAROM khng c thc hin tng xuyn. EEPROM: c ch to bng cng ngh bn dn. Ni dung ca ROM ny c th vit vo v xa (bng in), c th thao tc xa v ghi d liu cho tng byte. Mt s Eprom thng dng : S hiu ca chip Dung lng2 27 71 16 62 2K Kx x8 8= =2 2. .2 21 10 0x x8 8 b bi it t2 27 73 32 2 4 4K Kx x8 82 27 76 64 4 8 8K Kx x8 82 27 71 12 28 8 1 16 6K Kx x8 82 27 72 25 56 6 3 32 2K Kx x8 82 27 75 51 12 2 6 64 4K Kx x8 8 b .IC AT28C64 - IC AT28C64 t i b n ROM , n tuc i EEPROM c c i cn n sau : - Dung ng n: 64K (8Kx8) - Ti gian c nan: 120ns - Ti gian gi 1 yte nan: 200s- Ti gian gi 1 yte ba g: Ct a c v d iu -T ng xa trc ki gi - C t dng vi xiu kin trc tip - Cng sut tp: -30A dng tc cc - tin cy ca: -Cu k np: 104 n 105 n -Ti gian u tr d iu 10 n - Ngun nui 5V10% - CMOS v TTL tng tc v v ra. * Cu trc v s chn ca IC AT28C64 Cu trcS cn *Chc nng ca cc chn ca AT28C64 A0- A12 : Cc cn t a c D0- D7 : cc cn d iu CE\ : cn cn cp ( c pp cp t ng) OE\ : chn cho php xut d iu WE| : cn c pp gi d iu VCC: cn cp ngun GND: cn ni t *. iu khin cc ch hot ng ca AT28C64 C gi: - Trn t iu kin gi t yte d iu n sau: iu kin WE \ Cho CE\ c tp Cho OE\ c ca Tit p a c t WE \ c tp a d iu v Dng gi t WE \ c 1 (5V) (Sau ki a d iu v 200 s) - Gin ti gian iu kin gi d iu - Tng s ti gian gi iu kin CE \ Cho CE\ c ca OE\ c ca Tit p a c t WE \ c tp Cho CE\ sungc tp a d iu v Dng gi t CE \ c 1 (5V) (Sau ki a d iu 200s) Tit p WE \ c 1 - Gin ti gian iu kin gi d iu C c: - Trn t iu kin c t yte d iu n sau: Tit p a c -Cho CE\ c tp -Cho OE\ c tp -Cho WE\ c ca -D iu sn sng ra ( Sau ki OE\ c tp t 10 - 100 ns), ta c cn cp a c t d iu tng ng s c c ra -Dng c d iu t CE \ v OE \ c ca - Gin ti gian iu kin c d iu - Tng s ti gian c C xa: - Cc bc xa d iu ca EEPROM c tc in n sau: 1. Tit p CE \ c tp. 2. Tit p OE \ c ca (12V 0.5V). 3. Tit p WE c tp. - Gin ti gian iu kin xa d iu Ch : tS= tH = 1 t W = 10ms VH = 12.0V 0.5V 1.2.2IC 74LS90 - IC 74ls90 l ICm m BCD 4 bit nh phnc th reset li c, n tng c dng to cc b m . a. S chn ca IC 74LS90 : b. Chc nng cc chn ca IC: -CKA (14): nhn ngun xung t ngoi-VCC (5) : Ni dng ngun-GND (10) :ni m ngun- QA (12), Q (9), QC (8), QD (11): cc u ra ca b m -Chn 6,7 ni t -Chn 2,3 lm nhim v reset b m u ra ca b m theo bng trng tri sau c. Thng s k thut ca IC 74ls90 Thng s ngaMinnh mcMaxVcc (V)Ngun cung cp 4,7555,25 Vih (V)in p vo mc cao 255,25 Vil (V)in p vo mc thp 00.4 Voh (V)in p ra mc cao 2.7 - 3.45 Vol (V)in p ra mc thp 00.5 F clk (MHz)Tn s xung nhipQa=20 - 32 Trang Thai dau ra cua ICQD Qc QB QAXD01234567890000000000000000011111100 011110100001111 Bng thng s vn hnh: Bng thng s in: 1.2.3IC 74LS245 a. c im IC 74LS245 c tc dngn n dng v p cung cp c gin Led in th.Khi s dng IC ny ta cn ch y mt s c im sau:- Cc tng s k tut: + in p cung cp Vcc4,75 5.55 V + Nit vic t : 0 70- Chn s 19 (G\ _Enabe) : y cn c pp IC t ng ,IC ch hot ng khi cn ny c ni ti m ngun. - Chn s 1( DIR) : chn ny chn ch hot ng ca IC , nu chn ny ni xung m ngun th tn hiu u vo s c a ti cc chnB (t cn 11 n chn 18) ,tn hiu ra s a ra cc chn A ( t chn s 2 n chn s 9). b.Hn dng v cu t :Ta c th m t cch lm vic ca IC thng qua bng sau: u vu ra DIR LLi tn A LHI t A nHXC p 1.2.4IC NE555 a.Cc thng s k thut: + in p u v : 4,5 - 16 VDC + Dng in cung cp : 6A - 15mA + Cng sut n nt : 0.6 W b.Chc nng ca ng chn ca IC NE555 + Chn 1(GND): ni as y dng cp c IC+ Cn s 2(TRIGGER): y cn u v so snh in p v c dng n 1 cn ct ay ng v ca 1 tng so snh p. + Cn s 3(OUTPUT): Dng y tn iu ra gic. Trng ti ca tn iu ra c xc n te c 0 v 1 + Cn s 4(RESET): Dng p n c trng ti ra. Ki cn s 4 ni tt ng ra c tp. Cn ki cn 4 ni v c p ca t trng ti ng ra ty te c p trn chn 2 v 6. + Cn s 5(CONTROL VOLTAGE): Dng lm thay i c p cun trng ICtheo cc c bin p ngi ay dng cc in tr ngi c ni GND. Cn ny c t kng ni cng c, nng gi tr niu ngi ta tng ni cn s 5 xung GND tng qua t in t 0.01uF n 0.1uF cc t ny c niu v gi c in p cun c n n. + Cn s 6(THRESHOLD) : t trng nng cn u v s sn in p khc v cng c dng n 1 cn ct. + Cn s 7(DISCHAGER) : c t xe cn ny n 1 ka in t v cu iu kin bi tng gic ca cn 3 .Ki cn 3 c p tp t ka ny ng i.ngc i t n ra. Cn 7 t np x in c 1 c R-C lc IC NE555 dng n 1 tng da ng . + Cn s 8 (Vcc): cn cung cp ngun c IC t ng, in p t ng t 4.5V -->16V DC ti a n ti 18 V. c.Cu n rng : V bn cht th NE555 l mt b mch kt hp gia hai con Op-ap, 3 in tr , 1 con transistor ,1 RS-FF -2 Op-amp c tc dng s sn in p-Transistr x in -3 in tr mc ni tip cia in p Vcc thnh 3 phn, cu to ny t nn in p chun .in p 1/3 Vcc ni vo chn (+) ca Op-pam 1; 2/3 Vcc ni vo chn (-) ca Op-ap 2 .Ki in p chn 2 nh n 1\3 Vcc th RS-FF c chn S=1 v FF c kc ,ki in p chn 6 ln n 2/3 Vcc cn R1 v FF c reset 1.2.5IC n p 7805, 7812 a. Gii thiu v IC n p - Lin kin n p tn pn kng t tiu trng cc c n p, c ngun trng k tut in t. + H 78xx c n n in p u ra dng. Cn xx gi tr in p u ra n +5V,+ 8V... + H 79xx n n in p u ra . Cn xx gi tr in p u ra n : -05V,-08V... Trng cc b ngun t 78 v 79 c s dng rt niu trng cc c ngun t in p u ra ng un c bit nng tit b ny cn in p u v c n kng tay i n xung. b.IC 78xx + 78xx g c 3 cn : 1 : Vin - Cn ngun u v 1: GND - Cn ni t 2: Vout - cn u ra p n n. * Nng dng seri ca 78XX LA7805 IC n p 5V LA7808 IC n p 8V LA7809 IC n p 9V LA7812 IC n p 12V y dng c in p ra tng ng vi dng 1A. Ngi ra cn cc seri kc 78xx +5V --> +24V. Dng 1A 78Lxx Cuyn i in p dng t +5V --> +24V. Dng 0.1A 78Mxx Cuyn i in p dng t +5V --> +24V. Dng 0.5A 78Sxx Cuyn i in p dng t +5V --> +24V. Dng 0.2A

cCu n rng ca 78 : Cu to bn trong ca 78xx g c 1 in tr kt hp vi Dide Zener dng ghim mc in p,1 transistr khuc i dng , H IC78xx.. ch cho dng tiu th khong 1A tr xung, khi rp IC trong mch th Uin > Uout t 3 n 5V ki IC i pht huy tc dng. +IC 78xx c bo v chp ti, nn nu ta l lm chp t ca n 7805 ngThng s k thut ca IC 7805 -Dng cc i c th duy tr 1A. -Dng nh 2.2A. -Cng sut tiu tn cc i nu khng dng tn nhit: 2W. -Cng sut tiu tn nu dng tn nhit ln: 15W Nu vt qu ngng 4 trn 7805 s b chy. +Thc t ta nn ch dng cng sut tiu tn =1/2 gi tr trn. Cc gi tr cng kng nn dng gn gi tr max ca cc thng s trn. Tt nht nn dng