Đồ Án thiet ke dung vmlt

8/4/2019 n thiet ke dung VMLT

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N NG DNG VI MCH LP TRNH

BNG THNG QUA N MN HC

H v tn: Trn Th ThmTrng Th Thoin Ch Thanh

Lp: 48KTVTTn n: Mch m sn phm dng vi iu khin

Ln Ngy thng Ni dungNhn xt (cho php/

khng cho php, thngqua t sau)

Ch kGVHD

1

2

3

4

5

Nhn xt chung: ....................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................Ghi ch: - iu kin sinh vin c php bo v n: phi thng qua y v c ch k ca gio vin hng dn xc nhn.

- Bng ny phi c ng vo u ca quyn thuyt minh n

MCH M SN PHM 1


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MC LCM U .............................................................................................................. 3

Th gii v ang pht trin ln nhng tm cao mi v khoa hc kthut.C cc thnh cng c xem l bc t ph ca con ngi.c bit

l cc lnh vc in t, truyn thng, cng ngh thng tin Cc thit bin t dn thay th nhng cng vic ca con ngi, i sng x hi

ang ngy mt c nng cao.Vit Nam ca chng ta cng khng l ngoil, t nc ang tin vo hi nhp kinh t quc t phn u tr thnh

mt nc cng nghip trong tng lai gn. ........................................... 3Vic ng dng khoa hc k thut, cc cng trnh nghin cu ca tt

c cc lnh vc vo i sng ang l mt vn rt c nh nc quantm. Tuy nhin n cn phi c s tr gip ca cc thit b in t, cc lp

trnh vin lp trnh cho chng hot ng..........................................................3

Trong n v ng dng vi mch lp trnh ln ny nhm chng em lachn ti v mch m sn phm. Mch m sn phm c s dng rtrng ri trong rt nhiu cc cng ty, x nghip . Do n rt gn gi v

thc t................................................................................................................... 32.1. Tng quan v h vi iu khin 8051 ............................................................................. 8

Khuch i LM 358 ..................................................................................16

MCH M SN PHM 2


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M U

Th gii v ang pht trin ln nhng tm cao mi v khoa hc k

thut.C cc thnh cng c xem l bc t ph ca con ngi.c bit lcc lnh vc in t, truyn thng, cng ngh thng tin Cc thit b in t

dn thay th nhng cng vic ca con ngi, i sng x hi ang ngy mt

c nng cao.Vit Nam ca chng ta cng khng l ngoi l, t nc ang

tin vo hi nhp kinh t quc t phn u tr thnh mt nc cng nghip

trong tng lai gn.

Vic ng dng khoa hc k thut, cc cng trnh nghin cu ca tt c cclnh vc vo i sng ang l mt vn rt c nh nc quan tm.Tuy

nhin n cn phi c s tr gip ca cc thit b in t, cc lp trnh vin

lp trnh cho chng hot ng.

Trong n v ng dng vi mch lp trnh ln ny nhm chng em la chn

ti v mch m sn phm. Mch m sn phm c s dng rt rng

ri trong rt nhiu cc cng ty, x nghip . Do n rt gn gi v thc t.Mc d chng em c rt nhiu c gng thc hin ti nhng do

kin thc cn hn hp, thi gian thc hin cn hn ch, nn n ca chng em

vn cn nhiu thiu st , rt mong c s ch bo v ng gp y kin ca thy

c v cc bn.

Qua y chng em cng xin gi li cm n chn thnh ti PGS.TS.

Nguyn Hoa Lv Thy gio H S Phng tn tnh hng dn chng em

trong qu trnh thc hin ti ny.

Chng em xin chn thnh cm n!

Nhm SVTH

MCH M SN PHM 3


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CHNG I TNG QUAN V TI

1.1. t vn

Ngy nay cng vi s pht trin ca cc ngnh khoa hc k thut, k

thut in t m trong l k thut s ng vai tr quan trng trong mi lnhvc khoa hc k thut, qun l, cng nghip t ng ha, cung cp thng tin

do chng ta phi nm bt v vn dng n mt cch c hiu qu nhm gp

phn vo s pht trin nn khoa hc k thut th gii ni chung v s pht trin

k thut in t ni ring.

Xut pht t yu cu ca ti ln ny l n ng dng vi mch lp trnh.

Do chng em quyt nh thc hin ti l thit k mt mch m sn phm

va p ng c yu cu t ra li va gn gi vi thc t, gp phn nh vo

ng gp cho x hi.

lm c mch ny cn thit k c hai phn chnh l: b phn cm

bin v b phn m.

* B phn cm bin: gm phn pht v phn thu. Thng thng ngi ta s

dng phn pht l led hng ngoi pht ra nh sng hng ngoi mc ch

chng nhiu so vi cc loi nh sng khc, cn phn thu l mt led thu hng

ngoi thu nh sng hng ngoi.

C cc loi phng n c th s dng cho b phn cm bin nh l:

- Quang tr

- diot quang

-

* B phn m c nhiu phng php thc thi l:

- Dng IC s vi cc IC m, cht, so snh ghp li

- Dng vi iu khin

1.2. Chn phng n thit k

1.2.1. Vi mch m sn phm dng IC ri c

Cc u im sau:

-Cho php tng hiu sut lao ng

MCH M SN PHM 4


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-m bo chnh xc cao

-Tn s p ng ca mch nhanh, cho php m vi tn s cao

-Khong cch t phn pht v phn thu xa nhau cho php m nhng sn

phm ln.

-Tn hao cng sut b, mch c th s dng pin hoc acqui

-Kh nng m rng

-Gi thnh h

-Mch n gin d thc hin

Vi vic s dng k thut s kh c th p ng c vic thay i s

m. Mun thay i mt yu cu no ca mch th buc phi thay i phn

cng.Do mi ln phi lp li mch dn n tn km v kinh t m nhiu khi

yu cu khng thc hin c bng phng php ny.

Vi s pht trin mnh ca nghnh k thut s c bit l cho ra i cc

h vi x l v vi iu khin rt a chc nng do vic dng k thut vi x l,

k thut vi iu khin gii quyt nhng b tc v kinh t hn m phng

php dng IC ri kt ni li khng thc hin c.

1.2.2. Vi mch m sn phm dng k thut vi x l

Ngai nhng u im nh lit k trong phng php dng IC ri th

mch m sn phm dng k thut vi x l cng c nhng u im sau:

-Mch c th thay i s m mt cch linh hot bng vic thay i phn

mm, trong khi phn cng khng cn thay i m mch dng IC ri khng

th thc hin c m nu c th thc hin c th cng cng nhc m ngicng nhn cng kh tip cn, d nhm.

- S linh kin s dng trong mch t hn.

-Mch n gin hn so vi mch m sn phm dng IC ri v c phn ci

t s m ban u

-Mch c th iu khin m c nhiu dy chuyn sn xut cng lc

bng phn mm

MCH M SN PHM 5


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-Mch cng c th kt ni giao tip c vi my tnh thch hp cho nhng

ngi qun l ti phng k thut nm bt c tnh hnh sn xut qua mn hnh

ca my vi tnh.

Nhng trong thit k ngi ta thng chn phng php ti u nhng kinh

t do chng em chn phng php m sn phm dng k thut vi iu

khin.

1.2.3. Phng php m sn phm dng vi iu khin

Ngai nhng u im c c ca hai phng php trn, phng php ny

cn c nhng u im :

-Trong mch c th s dng ngay b nh trong i vi nhng chng trnh

c quy m nh, rt tin li m vi x l khng thc hin c.

-N c th giao tip ni tip trc tip vi my tnh m vi x l cng giao

tip c vi my tnh nhng l giao tip song song nn cn c linh kin

chuyn i d liu t song song sang ni tip giao tip vi my tnh.

1.3. Mc ch yu cu ca ti

Trong n ny chng em thc hin mch m sn phm bng phng

php m xung. Nh vy mi sn phm i qua trn bng chuyn phi c mt

thit b cm nhn sn phm, thit b ny gi l cm bin. Khi mt sn phm

i qua cm bin s nhn v to ra mt xung in a v khi x l tng dn

s m. Ti mt thi im tc thi, xc nh c s m cn phi c b

phn hin th. T suy ra mc ch yu cu ca ti:

-S m phi chnh xc, v thay i vic ci t s m ban u mt cch

linh hot.

-B phn hin th phi r rng

-Mch in khng qu phc tp, bo m c s an tan,d s dng.

-Gi thnh ph hp

1.4. Gii hn ca ti

MCH M SN PHM 6


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-Cc sn phm rt a dng vi nhiu chng loi: c; rng, kch c khc

nhau. Nhng vi kh nng ca thit b lp th mch ch c th m i vi sn

phm c kh nng che c nh sng v c kch thc b t 2cm3 n 5cm3.

- Ch m s sn phm trong mt thng phm vi thay i t 299.

-Mch m n gin cha th ng dng rng ri

T mc ch yu cu ca ti chng em a ra s khi tng qut ca

mch in nh sau:

1.5. Xy dng s khi tng qut

Hnh 1.1: S khi tng qut

1.6. Hng m rng ca ti

Nh vo nhng u im c c ca vi iu khin ti c th m rng thm

cc kh nng ng dng mi nh l:

Tng s lng m sn phm nhiu hn

Kt ni hin th ln mn hnh my tnh

Lu li kt qu m sn phm ca dy chuyn khi b mt ngun

in

MCH M SN PHM 7

KHI CMBIN

KHI VIIU KHIN

KHI HINTH


8/28


CHNG II C S L THUYT

2.1. Tng quan v h vi iu khin 80512.1.1 Gii thiu chung v cu trc phn cng

H 8051 l h IC vi iu khin (Microcontroller) do hng Intel sn xut.IC ny c c im nh sau:

- 4k byte ROM,128 byte RAM

- 4 Port I/O 8 bit.

- 2 b m/ nh thi 16 bit.

- Giao tip ni tip.

- 64k byte khng gian b nh chng trnh m rng.- 64k byte khng gian b nh d liu m rng.

- Mt b x l lun l (thao tc trn cc bt n).

- 210 bit c a ch n.

- B nhn / chia 4.

S lc v cc chn ca 8051

MCH M SN PHM 8


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Hnh 2.1.1: S lc v chn ca 8051

** Chc nng ca cc chn 8051

Port 0: t chn 32 n chn 39 (P0.0 _P0.7). Port 0 c 2 chc nng:

trong cc thit k c nh khng dng b nh m rng n c chc nng nh cc

ng IO, i vi thit k ln c b nh m rng n c kt hp gia bus a

ch vi bus d liu.

Port 1: t chn 1 n chn 9 (P1.0 _ P1.7). Port 1 l port IO dng cho giao

tip vi thit b ngi nu cn.

Port 2: t chn 21 n chn 28 (P2.0 _P2.7). Port 2 l mt port c tc

dng kp

nh cc

ng xut

nhp hoc l

byte cao

ca bus a

ch i vi

cc thit b

dng b nh m rng.

Port 3: t chn 10 n chn 17 (P3.0 _ P3.7). Port 3 l port c tc dng

kp. Cc chn ca port ny c nhiu chc nng, c cng dng chuyn i c lin

h ncc c tnh c bit ca 8051 nh bng sau :

MCH M SN PHM

Bit Tn Chc nng chuyn iP3.0

P3.1

P3.2

P3.3

P3.4

P3.5

P3.6

P3.7

RXD

TXD

INT0\

INT1\

T0

T1

WR\

RD\

Ng vo d liu ni tip.

Ng xut d liu ni tip.

Ng vo ngt cng th 0.

Ng vo ngt cng th 1.

Ng vo TIMER/ COUNTER th 0.

Ng vo ca TIMER/ COUNTER th 1.

Tn hiu ghi d liu ln b nh ngoi.

Tn hiu c b nh d liu ngoi.

9


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Bng 2.1.1.1: Chc nng ca Port3

PSEN (Program store enable):

PSEN l tn hiu ng ra c tc dng cho php c b nh chng trnh m

rng v thng c ni n chn OE\ ca Eprom cho php c cc byte m

lnh.

PSEN mc thp trong thi gian 8051 ly lnh. Cc m lnh ca chng

trnh c c t Eprom qua bus d liu, c cht vo thanh ghi lnh bn

trong 8051 gii m lnh. Khi 8051 thi hnh chng trnh trong ROM ni

PSEN mc cao.

ALE (Address Latch Enable):

Khi 8051 truy xut b nh bn ngai, Port 0 c chc nng l bus a ch v

d liu do phi tch cc ng d liu v a ch. Tn hiu ra ALE chn th

30 dng lm tn hiu iu khin gii a hp cc ng a ch v d liu khi

kt ni chng vi IC cht.

Tn hiu chn ALE l mt xung trong khong thi gian port 0 ng vai

tr l a ch thp nn cht a ch hon ton t ng.

EA\ (External Access): Tn hiu vo EA\ chn 31 thng c mc ln

mc 1 hoc mc 0. Nu mc 1, 8051 thi hnh chng trnh t ROM ni. Nu

mc 0, 8051 thi hnh chng trnh t b nh m rng. Chn EA\ c ly

lm chn cp ngun 21V khi lp trnh cho Eprom trong 8051.RST (Reset): Khi ng vo tn hiu ny a ln mc cao t nht 2 chu k

my, cc thanh ghi bn trong c np nhng gi tr thch hp khi ng h

thng. Khi cp in mch phi t ng reset.

Cc ng vo b dao ng X1, X2:

B to dao ng c tch hp bn trong 8051. Khi s dng 8051, ngita ch cn ni thm cc thch anh v cc t. Tn s t thch anh thng l 12 Mh.

2.1.2. Cu trc bn trong ca 8051

MCH M SN PHM 10


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2.1.2.1. S khi bn trong

Hnh 2.1.2.1: S khi bn trong ca 8051

2.1.2.2. Kho st cc khi nh bn trong

*T chc b nh:B nh bn trong 8051 bao gm ROM v RAM. RAM bao gm nhiu

thnh phn: phn lu tr a dng, phn lu tr a ch ca tng bit, cc bank

thanh ghi v cc thanh ghi chc nng c bit.

8051 c b nh theo cu trc Harvard: c nhng vng nh ring bit cho

chng trnh v d liu. Chng trnh v d liu c th cha bn trong 8051

nhng 8051 vn c th kt ni vi 64 k byte b nh chng trnh v 64 k byteb nh d liu m rng.

Ram bn trong 8051 c phn chia nh sau:

- Cc bank thanh ghi c a ch t 00H n 1Fh.

- Ram a ch ha tng bit c a ch t 20H n 2FH.

- Ram a dng t 30H n 7FH.

- Cc thanh ghi chc nng c bit t 80H n FFH.Cc thanh ghi c chc nng c bit:

MCH M SN PHM 11

T1T0

iu khinngt

Cc thanhghi khc

128byte RAM

MRO niTimer2Timer

1Timer 0

CPU

Oscillator iu khin bus Cc port I/O Port ni tip

Port ni tip

Timer 0Timer 1

Timer 2

INT0

INT1

EA

RST

PSENALE

P0 P2 P1 P3 TxD RxD

T2EXTER

NAL


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8051 c 21 thanh ghi chc nng c bit (SFR: Special Funtion Register)

vng trn ca RAM ni t a ch 80H n FFH.

Thanh ghi B:

Thanh ghi B a ch F0H c dng cng vi thanh ghi tch ly A cho

cc php tan nhn v chia. Lnh MUL AB s nhn cc gi tr khng du 8 bit

trong A v B ri tr kt qu v 16 bit trong A (byte thp) v B (byte cao). Lnh

DIV AB s chia A cho B ri tr kt qu nguyn trong A v phn d trong B.

thanh ghi cng c th xem nh thanh ghi m a dng.

Con tr ngn xp:

Con tr ngn xp SP l mt thanh ghi 8 bit a ch 18H. N cha a ch

ca byte d liu hin hnh trn nh ca ngn xp. Cc lnh trn ngn xp bao

gm cc lnh ct d liu vo ngn xp v ly d liu ra khi ngn xp. Lnh ct

d liu vo ngn xp s lm tng SP trc khi ghi d liu v lnh ly d liu ra

khi ngn xp s lm gim SP. Ngn xp ca 8051 c gi trong ram ni v

gii hn cc a ch c th truy xut bng a ch gin tip, chng l 128 byte

u ca 8051

khi ng SP vi ngn xp bt u ti a ch 60 H, cc lnh sau y c

dng:

MOV SP,#5FH

Khi reset 8051, SP s mang gi tr mc nh l 07H v d liu u tin s c

ct vo nh ngn xp c a ch l 08 H.

Con tr d liu:Con tr d liu DPTR c dng truy xut b nh ngai l mt thanh

ghi 16 bit a ch 82H (DPL: byte thp) v 83H (DPH: byte cao).

Cc thanh ghi port xut nhp:

Cc port ca 8051 bao gm port 0 a ch 80H, port 1 a ch 90H, port 2

a ch A0H, v port3 a ch B0H. tt c cc port ny u c th truy xut tng

bit nn rt thun tin trong kh nng giao tip.Cc thanh ghi timer:

MCH M SN PHM 12


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8051 c cha 2 b nh thi/ m 16 bit c dng cho vic nh thi

hoc m s kin. Timer 0 a ch 8AH (TL0: byte thp) v 8CH (TH0: byte

cao). Timer 1 a ch 8BH (TL1: byte thp) v 8DH (TH1: byte cao). Vic khi

ng timer c Set bi Timer Mode (TMOD) a ch 89H v thanh ghi iu

khin timer (TCON) a ch 88H, ch c TCON c a ch ha tng bit.

Cc thanh ghi port ni tip:

8051 cha mt port ni tip dnh cho vic trao i thng tin vi cc thit

b ni tip nh my tnh, modem hoc giao tip ni tip vi cc IC khc.

Cc thanh ghi ngt:

8051 c cu trc 5 ngun ngt, 2 mc u tin. Cc ngt b cm sau khi

reset h thng v s c cho php bng vic ghi thanh ghi cho php ngt (IE)

a ch A8H, c 2 thanh ghi c a ch ha tng bit.

Thanh ghi iu khin cng sut:

Thanh ghi iu khin cng sut (PCON) a ch 87H cha cc bit iu khin.

Tn hiu Reset:

8051 c ng vo reset RST tc ng mc cao trong khong thi gian 2

chu k, sau xung mc thp 8051 bt u lm vic. RST c th kch bng

tay bng mt phm nhn thng m.

Thanh ghi quan trng nht l thanh ghi b m chng trnh PC c Reset ti

a ch 0000H. Khi ng vo RST xung mc thp, chng trnh lun bt u ti

a ch 0000H ca b nh chng trnh. Ni dung ca Ram trong chip khng b

hay i bi tc ng ca ng vo Reset.2.1.2.3. Hot ng thanh ghi TIMER

8051 c hai timer 16 bit, mi timer c bn cch lm vic. Ngi ta s dng

cc timer :

- nh khong thi gian.

- m s kin.

- To tc baud cho port ni tip trong 8051. T chc ngt ca 8051:

MCH M SN PHM 13


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C 5 ngun ngt 8031: 2 ngt ngoi, 2 ngt t timer v 1 ngt port ni

tip. Tt c cc ngt theo mc nhin u b cm sau khi reset h thng v c

cho php tng ci mt bng phn mm.

Cho php v cm ngt:Mi ngun ngt c cho php hoc cm ngt qua mt thanh ghi chc

nng t bit c nh a ch bit IE ( Interrupt Enable : cho php ngt ) a ch

A8H.

Cc c ngt :

Khi iu kin ngt xy ra th ng vi tng loi ngt m loi c c t

ln mt xc nhn ngt. Ta c bng nh sau:

Bng 2.1.2.3: Cc c ngt

Cc vect ngt :

MCH M SN PHM

Ngt C a ch vector

Reset h thng RST 0000H

Bn ngoi 0 IE0 0003H

Timer 0 TF0 000BH

Bn ngoi 1 IE1 0013H

Timer 1 TF1 001BH

Port ni tip TI v RI 0023H

Timer 2 002BH

14


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Bng 2.1.2.3: Cc vc t ngt

Khi chp nhn ngt, gi tr c np vo PC c gi l vector ngt. N l a

ch bt u ca ISR cho ngun to ngt. Vector reset h thng (RST a ch

MCH M SN PHM

Ngt C a ch vector

Reset h

thng

RST 0000H

Bn ngi 0 IE0 0003H

Timer 0 TF0 000BH

Bn ngi 1 IE1 0013H

Timer 1 TF1 001BH

Port ni tip TI v RI 0023HTimer 2 002BH

15


16/28


0000H) c trong bng ny v theo ngha ny, n ging ngt : n ngt

chng trnh chnh v np cho PC gi tr mi.

2.2. Gii thiu s lc v mch cm bin

cm nhn mi ln sn phm i qua th cm bin phi c c phn thu v

phn pht. Phn pht pht ra nh sng hng ngoi v phn thu thu nh sng hng

ngoi. V nh sng hng ngoi c c im l t b nhiu so vi cc loi nh sng

khc. Khi c sn phm i qua gia phn pht v phn thu nh sng hng ngoi

b che khi s xy ra mt s t bin in p ti u ra ca khuch i thut

ton v tc ng vo vi iu khin.

** Cc linh kin trong mch cm bin Led hng ngoi

Cu to, nguyn l hot ng ca led hng ngoi:

- Cu to: Led c cu to t GaAs vi vng cm c rng 1.43 eV

tng ng vi 900 nm. Ngoi ra khi pha tp Si vi nguyn vt liu GaAlAs,

rng vng cm c th thay i.

Vi cch ny, ngi ta c th to ra di sng gia 800-900 nm v do tora s iu hng sao cho led hng ngoi pht ra bc sng thch hp nht cho

im cc i ca nhy cc my thu.

- Hot ng: Khi mi ni p-n phn cc thun th dng in qua ni ln v s

dn din l do ht ti a s, cn khi mi ni c phn cc nghch th ch c

dng r do s di chuyn ca cc ht ti thiu s. Nhng khi chiu sng vo

mi ni, dng in nghch tng ln gn nh t l vi quang thng trong lcdng thun khng tng.

Khuch i LM 358

LM 358 c cu to bi 2 b khuch i thut ton c lp.

Con th 1:chn 2,3 vo, chn 1 ra;

Con th 2: chn 5,6 vo,chn 7 ra;

MCH M SN PHM 16


17/28


Chng c thit k ring bit hot ng bi ngun cung cp c phm

vi in th rng (3V-32V hoc 1,5V - 16V).

S khi ca LM

Hnh 2.3: S khi ca LM358

2.3. Khi hin th

S dng 2 led 7 on anot chung. Led 7 on c cu to bao gm 7 led

n c dng thanh xp theo hnh v c thm mt led n hnh trn nh th

hin du chm trn gc di, bn phi ca led 7 on.

Led 7 on cha bn trong n cc led n, do khi kt ni cn m bodng qua mi led n trong khong 10mA-20mA bo v led. Nu kt ni vi

ngun 5V c th hn dng bng in tr 330 trc cc chn nhn tn hiu iu

khin.S v tr cc led c trnh by nh hnh di:

Hnh 2.4: S v v tr cc led

MCH M SN PHM 17


18/28


19/28


Khi nhn bit sn phm bao gm c 2 khi c bn l: Khi pht v khi

thu.

* Khi pht bao gm c LED pht hng ngoi c hn dng bi tr 220 m

* Khi thu s dng LED thu hngngoi loi v hp stv c s dng thm

mt con khuch i thut ton LM358 dng so snh in p gia 2 chn,

chn 2 v 3 a tn hiu ra ti chn 1 l mc thp hay mc cao v tc ng

vo vi iu khin iu khin qu trnh m sn phm.

Vr

80%Vcc

t

Hnh 3.1.2.1: th in p ra ca LM358

* Mch khuch i thut ton y mc theo kiu khuch i thun tc lkhi m in p vo Vin ti chn 3 nh hn in p chun so snh Vref ti

chn 2 th tn hiu ra chn 1 s c mc logic 1 khi s c tn hiu tc ng

vo vi iu khin 89C51 thc hin qu trnh m. V ngc li nu Vinin p vo b

MCH M SN PHM 19


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khuch i thut ton l V3-V2 (ta phi iu chnh VR1 = in tr ca D2

lc khng thng) =>V3-V2=0

=> Vy l ta nhn c mt t bin in p (mt sn m)kch cho

89C51 lm vic.

3.1.2.2. Khi iu khin

S dng chp iu khin 89C51 vi cc mch ph tr: Mch reset, thch anh

S nguyn l :

XTAL218

XTAL119

ALE30

EA31

PSEN29

RST9

P0.0/AD039

P0.1/AD138

P0.2/AD237

P0.3/AD336

P0.4/AD435

P0.5/AD534

P0.6/AD633

P0.7/AD732

P1.0/T21

P1.1/T2EX2

P1.2/ECI3

P1.3/CEX04

P1.4/CEX15

P1.5/CEX26

P1.6/CEX37

P1.7/CEX48

P3.0/RXD10

P3.1/TXD11

P3.2/INT012

P3.3/INT113

P3.4/T014

P3.7/RD17

P3.6/WR16

P3.5/T115

P2.7/A1528

P2.0/A8 21

P2.1/A922

P2.2/A1023

P2.3/A1124

P2.4/A1225

P2.5/A1326

P2.6/A1427

U1

AT89C51RD2

330330

330330330

330

330330

X1CRYSTAL

C1

33pF

C2

33pF

R1210k

C3150pF

R13100

Hnh 3.1.2.2: S nguyn l khi iu khin

3.1.2.3. Khi hin th

Do yu cu hin th s sn phm l s nguyn vi gii hn t 0 99 nn khi

hin th cn dng 2LED 7SEG hin th s m.

S nguyn l nh sau:

C828 C828

Hnh 3.1.2.3: S nguyn l ca khi hin th

MCH M SN PHM 20


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3.2. S nguyn l ca mch m sn phm

XTAL218

XTAL119

ALE30

EA31

PSEN29

RST9

P0.0/AD039

P0.1/AD138

P0.2/AD237

P0.3/AD336

P0.4/AD435

P0.5/AD5 34P0.6/AD6

33

P0.7/AD732

P1.0/T21

P1.1/T2EX2

P1.2/ECI3

P1.3/CEX04

P1.4/CEX15

P1.5/CEX26

P1.6/CEX37

P1.7/CEX48

P3.0/RXD10

P3.1/TXD11

P3.2/INT012

P3.3/INT113

P3.4/T014

P3.7/RD17

P3.6/WR16

P3.5/T115

P2.7/A1528

P2.0/A821

P2.1/A922

P2.2/A1023

P2.3/A1124

P2.4/A1225

P2.5/A1326

P2.6/A1427

U1

AT89C51RD2

330

330330

330330

330

330

330

C828

4.7K

4.7K

C828

X1CRYSTAL

C1

33pF

C2

33pF

R1210k

C3150pF

R13100

D1LED-P

HAT

R14220

R1510k

4.7K

3

21

8

4

U2:A

LM358

RV

1

20KD2

LED-THU

Hnh 1.3: S nguyn l ca mch m sn phm

3.3. Lp trnh phn mm

Qua qu trnh phn tch cc khi v mch m sn phm chng ta tin hnh

vit chng trnh iu khin cho 89C51.

Chng trnh chnh s iu khin qu trnh m sn phm v tc ng vo

LED hin th gip hin th s m.

Tuy nhin, chng trnh c thm cc chng trnh con h tr.

MCH M SN PHM 21


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3.3.1.Lu thut ton

MCH M SN PHM 22

MOV SP,#5FHMOV P3,#0FFH

DULIEU,#0FFH

BEGIN

CON TR D LIU TRN VNG M 7

THANH

KHI NG CH MV CH HOT NG

CHO TIMER 0

NP GI TR BAN UCHO TH0

CHO PHP TIMER 0 HOTNG

A,TL0

TL0=0

BIN2BCD

A=100?

DISPLAY

X L HNG CHC VHNG HNG N V


23/28


MCH M SN PHM 23


24/28


3.3.2. Chng trnh CODE vit trn Reads51

#include

dulieu equ p2

led1 bit p3.0

led2 bit p3.1

button bit p3.4

org 00h ; dia chi khi reset

ljmp main ; nhay den chuong trinh chinh

org 30h ; dia chi bat dau chuong trinh chinh

;**********************Chuong trinh chinh*********************

main:

mov sp,#5fh

MCH M SN PHM 24

BIN2BCD

B=10

A CHIA B

A HNG CHC VO 31HA H.N V VO 32H

RET

DISPLAY

IU KHIN LEDHNG CHC

IU KHIN LEDHNG N V

RET


25/28


mov dulieu,#0ffh

mov dptr,#led7thanh ;tro den vung ma led

mov TMOD,#06H ; dung timer 0 che do 2 (8 bit tu nap lai).

mov TH0,#0 ;reset gia tri TH0

setb TR0 ;cho phep timer 0 chay

start:

mov A,TL0

cjne a,#100,DEM ; neu A=100 tuc la TL0=100 thi TL0 quay tro lai 00H

mov TL0,#00H

; Bat dau dem

DEM:

lcall bin2bcd

mov a,31h

movc a,@a+dptr

mov 31h,a

mov a,32h

movc a,@a+dptr

mov 32h,a

lcall display

sjmp start

;Chuong trinh con hien thidisplay:

mov dulieu,31h

setb p3.0

lcall delay

clr p3.0

mov dulieu,32h

MCH M SN PHM 25


26/28


setb p3.1

lcall delay

clr p3.1

ret

; chuong trinh con de xac dinh gia tri don vi va hang chuc

bin2bcd:

mov b,#10

div ab

mov 32h,b

mov 31h,a

ret

; Chuong trinh con delay

delay:

push 7

push 6

mov r7,#10

lap1:

mov r6,#0ffh

lap2:

Djnz r6,lap2

djnz r7,lap1

pop 6

pop 7ret

; Ma led 7 thanh loai Anot chung

led7thanh:

DB 0C0H,0F9H,0A4H,0B0H,99H,92H,82H,0F8H,80H,98H

end

MCH M SN PHM 26


27/28


3.4. Thi cng mch

3.4.1. S mch in

Hnh 3.4.1: S mch in

3.4.2. Cch sp xp linh kin

Hnh 3.4.2: S lp rp linh kin

MCH M SN PHM 27


28/28


Kt lun

Qua mt thi gian thc hin ti mch m sn phm chng em

hon thnh ng thi gian c giao. ti ny chng em c gng nghin

cu thc hin mt cch nghim tc. Nhng do thi gian c hn, kin thc nhiu

nn ti ch mang tnh cht tm hiu ch khng i su nghin cu chi tit. Do

rt mong c s ng gp y kin ca qu thy c v cc bn ti c

hon thin hn.

T nhng kin thc v kinh nghim thu c trong qu trnh thc hin

n ny s gip em c thm kinh nghim tm hiu su v cc mch iu khin

phc tp hn v c ng dng thc t nhiu hn.

Cui cng mt ln na em xin chn thnh cm n PGS.TS Nguyn Hoa

Lvthy gio H S Phng tn tnh hng dn gip em hon thnh

n ny.

Đồ Án thiet ke dung vmlt

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