--Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 3 -´÷-Ja 2013 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Spoken English - §ƒ-ûª - ¢√u≤ƒ-© éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ... www.eenadupratibha.net

Praveen: You didn't attend the meeting yes-terday, why? (E†o †’´¤y meeting èπ◊ ®√™‰üËç?)

Ravi: I had to attend to some important workat home (Éçöx àüÓ ´·êu-¢Á’i† °æE îËߪ÷LqÖçúÕçC).

Praveen: These meetings are important yousee. You ought not to miss them (Ñ Ææ´÷-¢Ë¨»©’ î√™« ´·êuç. OöÀE †’´¤y ´ü¿’-©’-éÓ-èπÿúøü¿’).

Ravi: I know. I had to takemom to hospital. That wasmore important for me thanthis meeting, Wasn't it?(Å´’t†’ ؈’ ÇÆæpvAéÀ BÆæ’-Èé-∞«xLq ´*açC. ÅC DE-éπçõ‰´·êuç éπüΔ?)

Praveen: You are right, ofcourse. Such things oughtto be given priority, nodoubt. Any way, how is mother? (ÅüË ÆæÈ®j†°æE. Å™«çöÀ ¢√öÀéÀ ´’†ç v§ƒüμΔ†uç É¢√yL. ÆæÍ®,O’ Å´’t ᙫ ÖçC?)

Ravi: Much better today. The whole of lastweek she had neither rest nor good sleep.That was the reason I think. (Ñ ®ÓV î√™«¢Á’®Ω’í∫’. éÀçü¿öÀ ¢√®Ωç Åçû√ Ç¢Á’èπ◊ Nv¨»çA ™‰ü¿’,ÆæÈ®j† EvüΔ ™‰ü¿’. ÅüË é¬®Ωùç ņ’-èπ◊çö«).

Praveen: You ought not to allow her to do anywork at her age (Ç ´ßª’-Ææ’™ Ç¢Á’†’ à °æ-FîËߪ’-E-´y-èπÿ-úøü¿’).

Ravi: You are right. But it couldn't be avoid-ed. I had to go out of town for a few days toattend to our property matters. My wife hadto be out on office work. So mom was aloneand had to take care of the children too.(Eï¢Ë’. é¬F ûª°æp-™‰ü¿’. ØËØË¢Á÷ ´÷ ÇÆœh N≠æ-ߪ÷©´©x •ßª’-öÀÈé∞«xLq ´*açC. Ø√ ¶μ«®Ωu Ç°∂‘Æˇ °æE O’ü¿

•ßª’-öÀ-Èé-∞«xLq ´*açC. Åçü¿’-´©x, ´÷ Å´’t °œ©x©†’èπÿú≈ îª÷Ææ’-éÓ-¢√Lq ´*açC).

Praveen: I'm happy she is better now. (àüÁj-ûËØËç, Ç¢Á’ ¢Á’®Ω’í¬_ ÖçC. ÆæçûÓ≠æç).

Look at the following expres-sions from the dialogue above.1) I had to attend to someimportant work.2) You ought not to miss them.3) I had to take mom to hospital.4) Such things ought to be givenpriority.5) You ought not allow her to do

any work at home.éÀçü¿öÀ ¢√®Ωç ´®Ωèπÿ ´’†ç should/ have to/

has to/ must ¢√úøéπç ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊Ø√oç éπüΔ? We usethese helping verbs to convey, in the present/future: 1) Obligations (NCμí¬ îËߪ÷-Lq† °æ†’©’)2) Commands (Orders - Çïc©’)3) Necessity (Å´-Ææ®Ωç)

°j´Fo èπÿú≈ v°æÆæ’hûªç (present) / ¶μºN-≠æu-ûª’h™future) é¬F ´’†ç NCμí¬/ ´’† Å´Ææ®Ωç éÌDl îËߪ÷-Lq† °æ†’©èπ◊ ¢√úøû√ç éπüΔ.

ÅüË í∫ûªç™ ´’†ç àüÁjØ√ NCμí¬ (Obligations)/éπ®Ωh´uç (Duties)/ Orders (Çïc©’) ûÁ©-§ƒLq´ÊÆh,"had" ¢√úøû√ç.

Åçõ‰, should/ have to/ has to/ must, Oô-Eoç-öÀéà äÍé past form - had to.a) Raghu: You were not seen at the party yes-

terday (E†o §ƒKd™ †’´¤y éπE-°œç-îª-™‰ü¿’).Naveen: I had to stay at office till seven. (E†o

Office ™ 7 ´®Ωèπ◊ Öçú≈Lq ´*açC– Duty in thepast)

b) Gopal: You were in a great hurry yesterday(EØËoçöà î√™« ûÌçü¿-®Ω°æúø’ûª’Ø√o´¤?)

Harsha: I had to draw money from the bankbefore 4 = Bank ™ úø•’s BÆæ’éÓ¢√Lq ´*açC, 4í∫çô-©-™°æ¤– Necessity in the past (í∫ûªç™ Å´-Ææ-®Ωç-éÌDl îËߪ÷-Lq† °æE).

c) The officer passed orders that Chandu hadto make files ready in an hour (îªçü¿÷ files†’ í∫çô™ Æœü¿l¥ç îËߪ÷-©E Officer Çñ«c-°œç-î√úø’.– Duty in the past.

í∫’®Ω’hç--éÓ¢√Lq† N≠æߪ’ç:should/ must/ have to/ has to- Oô-Eoç-öÀéà pastform had to.

É°æ¤púø’ 'ought to' Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç îª÷üΔlç. Ought to†’ èπÿú≈ ´’†ç éπ*aûªçí¬ îËߪ÷-Lq† °æ†’-©Íé ¢√úøû√ç.Å®·ûË ought to á°æ¤púø÷ ØÁjAéπçí¬ ´’†ç îËߪ÷-Lq†°æ†’©’ (Moral obligations) †’ ûÁ©’-°æ¤-ûª’çC.a) You ought to respect elders (°ü¿l-©†’ íı®Ω-Nç-

î√L). ÉC Order/ duty/ necessity é¬ü¿’ í∫üΔ?´’† ØÁjAé𠶫üμ¿uûª.

b) Suman: Though I did not have to spendthat money, I did (Ø√é¬ úø•’s ê®Ω’a-°õ‰d Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰†-°æp-öÀéÃ, ê®Ω’a °ö«d†’).

Janaki: You ought to be careful about money(úø•’s N≠æߪ’ç ñ«ví∫ûªhí¬ Öçú≈L – Moral oblig-ation).

b) Prabodh: I think I hurt Suseela (Ææ’Q©†’¶«Cμç-î√-†-†’-èπ◊çö«).

Subodh: You did, of course. You ought nothave talked to her so. (Eï¢Ë’. Ç¢Á’ûÓ Å™«´÷ö«x-úø’ç-úø-èπÿ-úøü¿’).

You ought to respect elders (°ü¿l-©†’ íı®Ω-Nç-î√L. (íı®Ω-Nç-îª-éπ-§ÚûË, ´’†Íéç Péπ~ °æúøü¿’. é¬F ÅCFA)

É™« ØÁjA-éπ-¢Á’i† Ωu-©†’ ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ 'ought to'¢√úøû√ç.

You ought to respect elders

pratibhadesk@eenadu.net- v°æ-A-¶μº Ê°-@-©Â°j -O’ -Å-Gμ-v§ƒ-ߪ÷--©’, Ææ÷-îª-†-©’ -°æç-§ƒ-Lq-† -Ñ–-¢Á’®·-™¸ -â-úŒ

Do you have to go to abroad...Sana & Azeem, Hyderabad

Q: Which place computers areavailable in? Is this correct?

A: Where are computers avail-able - correct, and best ORAt which place are computersavailable?

Q: How many days has he beenworking here for? Is this correct?

A: CorrectQ: Did you write that answer in the

exam?- Is this question correct?

A: Correct

Q: Convent School/ ElementarySchool - say the difference.

A: Elementary school - a schoolwith classes from 1 to 5.

★ Convent school - WRONGLYused for English medium

schools teachingnursery to anyhigh school class.

(Convent = aplace whereChristian nuns(Catholic sisters)live: The firstEnglish medium

schools in India were run by thesisters. So English medium schoolscame to be called convent schoolsWRONGLY).

Brajeswar Tagore, BalharshaQ: He has been writing the novel

in the past seven hours - saythe meaning of the aboveunderlined, as for the pastshould have been there insteadof the underlined - Clarify.

A: He has been writing the novelfor ('in' is wrong) the pastseven hours.

Q: Do you have to go to abroadafter one month?- the aboveunderlined words/ part be usedto say the future activity?

A: Yes. We can use 'have to/ hasto' even for future actions.

Q: Does the book have to betaken? - is the above interroga-tive sentence correct? As Ihave written the passive formof the sentence 'Do you have totake the book?' - explain.

A: Yes. Correct. It is the passiveform of 'Do you have to takethe book?'

Q: Though I have searched theearlier lessons of EenaduPratibha, I couldn't get themeaning of 'Link Verbs' -Please Explain in Telugu.

A: You search once again. Veryrecently, I explained it onceagain very detailedly.

Sneha Chowpathi,Eluru

Q: Are the speechbooks available atbook stalls? OrThey are to be writ-ten on our own -let's know if the firstletter of the word

'or' written capital as it is writtenafter question mark. As well as let'sknow if the first letter of the word'they' capital.

A: Are speech books available or arethey to be written on our own? -This is correct.

'O' in or or 't' in 'they' should notbe capitals.Q: Sensitive -Sensational - Clarify.

A: Sensitive: Ææ’Eo-ûª-¢Á’i†/ Ææ’Eoûª ´’†-Ææhûªyç í∫© (unwilling to cause painto others/ easily feeling hurt)

Sensational: Ææçîª-©-Ø√-ûªt-éπ-¢Á’i†/ Éûª®Ω’™xéπ©-´®Ωç éπL-TçîË. TV channels tele-cast sensational news. (Ææçîª-©-Ø√-ûªtéπ¢√®Ωh©’ v°æ≤ƒ®Ωç îË≤ƒh®·).

Q: ü¿’Ææ’h©’ Ç®Ω’-ûª’-Ø√o®· – say inEnglish.

A: The clothes are drying.Q: I studied with his father - I have

seen this sentence in 8th classEnglish Text Books (EM) - saythe meaning in Telugu.

A: The sentence means, his fatherand I were classmates.

Q: áçûª ûªy®Ωí¬ school Å®·-§ÚûË Åçûªûªy®Ωí¬ Øˆ’ ÜJéÀ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-û√†’ –Translate into English.

A: As soon as the school closes Iwill leave for home. (Home Åçõ‰≤Òçûª Ü®Ω’ ÅE èπÿú≈ Å®Ωnç).

Q: i) He was here two hours ago/before two days.

ii) "Who do I report to" He said (DS)

He said who he did report to(IDS) -

Say the above are right or not.

A: i) He was here two hours ago/two days ago. ('Before' here iswrong).

ii) He asked ('said' here is wrong)who he should report to.

The verb in DS is 'do report', thesame as 'report'.

This passage is a question. So'report' in DS becomes 'should'.

Sheetal Agarwal, JeedimetlaQ: 'In terms of' - say the meaning with

examples in Telugu.A: In terms of = Ç °æ®Ωçí¬/ Ç Nüμ¿çí¬/ Ç

éÓùç™In terms of salary, the job may not be good,but in terms of work, it is a leisurely job =@ûªç °æ®Ωçí¬/ @ûªç éÓùç™ îª÷ÊÆh, ûªèπ◊\¢Ë é¬F,°æE-°æ®Ωçí¬ î√™« Nv¨»çAéπ®Ω¢Á’i† ÖüÓuí∫ç.

Q: The elephant is a huge/ big/ large animal- say the suitable one and also say whythe other ones are not correct.

A: The elephant is a big/huge animal- cor-rect. 'Huge' means very big = much 'big-ger' than 'big'.In standard English, 'large' is mostly

used in writ-ten, formal(as when wemakespeeches,etc) lan-guage.

In zoolo-gy, for exam-ple, we say,'a large -

bodied animal'.Q: Time and tide waits for none - here wait

should have been there as once you saidthat if the two nouns or pronouns joinedwith the conjunction 'and' the verbshould be plural.

A: This is a proverb in use for a long time,and it is a part of usage - ¢√úø’-éπ™ Å™«´îËa-ÆœçC– grammar rules éπçõ‰ ¢√úø’-éπÍév§ƒüμΔ†uç. Åçü¿’-´©x, Time and Tide waits...'is correct. Here 'Time and Tide' =Passage of time - So this way also it iscorrect, as in, 'Age and experience (= anold person with experience) is respected.

Q: Out of which - say the meaning in Teluguwith an example.

A: Out of which = Åçûªèπ◊ ´·çü¿’ îÁ°œp-†-¢√-öÀ™xQ: He is vegetarian - is this right?A: RightQ: Logical - say the meaning in easy Telugu

language.A: û√û√\-Léπ¢Á’i†/ Éçü¿’-´©x ÉC °∂æLûªç, ÅE îÁ°æp-

í∫©/ Ê£«ûª’-•-ü¿l¥-¢Á’i†Example of something logical:All objects fall to the earth. So earth musthave gravitational force.

M. SURESAN

724

D.Krishnachari,Kukatpalli

Q: ÅGμ-Ê≠éπç, ûª°æÆæ’q, Å´’%ûªç ÅØË´÷ô-©éÀ ÆæÈ®j† Éç-Tx-≠ˇ °æ-üΔ-©’àçöÀ?

A: 1. No exact word in Englishfor ÅGμ-Ê≠éπç – We can trans-late it as 'Holy bathing of theidol'

2. ûª°æÆæ’q = Penance 3. Å´’%ûªç = Ambrosia (Å –ant

™ 'Å— ™«– (Åçv¶ -̃>-ߪ’).

--Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 10 -´÷-Ja 2013 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Spoken English - §ƒ-ûª - ¢√u≤ƒ-© éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ... www.eenadupratibha.net

Tulasi: Do you need any money? If you do,please let me know. (FÍé-´’Ø√o úø•’s Å´-Ææ-®Ω´÷? Å®·ûË Ø√èπ◊ ûÁLߪ’°æ®Ω’a.)

Sanjana: I don't need any, right now. What Ineed most now is a steady job. (v°æÆæ’hûªçúø¶‰sç Å´-Ææ-®Ωç-™‰ü¿’. Ø√éÀ-°æ¤púø’Å´-Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’iç-ü¿™«xE©-éπ-úøí¬ ÖçúËÖüÓuí∫ç.)

Tulasi: Is thereanything Ican do? (؈’Fèπ◊ îËߪ’-í∫-L-Tç-üË-́ ’Ø√oÖçüΔ?)

Sanjana: Yea.All that you need to do is just introduce me toyour cousin in Softech Company. Don'tworry. You need not recommend me. (ÖçC.†’´¤y îËߪ÷-LqçC Softech company ™ Ö†o O’cousin èπ◊ °æJ-îªßª’ç îÁ®·u. ¶μºßª’-°æ-úøèπ◊. †’´¤y†ØËoO’ Æœ§∂ƒ-®ΩÆæ’ îËߪ’-†-éπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’.)

Tulasi: What need I to recommend you? Iknow you deserve any job they can offer.

(E†’o Æœ§∂ƒ-®ΩÆæ’ îËߪ÷-Lq† Å -́Ææ®Ωç à´·çC?¢√Rx-´y-í∫-L-T† à ÖüÓu-í¬-E-ÈéjØ√ †’´¤y Å®Ω’|-®√-L¢Ë.)

Sanjana: Thank you for the high opinion ofme. Do that and I don't ask for anythingmore. (Fèπ◊ Ø√O’-ü¿’†o ÅGμ-v§ƒ-ߪ÷-EéÀ thanks.ÅC îÁ®·u. Åçûª-éπçõ‰ ØËØËO’ Åúø-í∫†’.)

★ ★ ★

É°æ¤púø’ ´’†ç 'need' Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç îª÷üΔlç.

Look at the following sentences from theconversation above:

1) Do you need any money?2) I don't need any, right now.3) All that you need to do is, just introduce me

to your cousin.We study here the uses of need as a verb

('need'èπ◊ verb í¬ ÖçúË Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬©’ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊çüΔç).Need = îËߪ÷-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç Ö†o. (Need†’ È®çúø’NüμΔ-©’í¬ ¢√úøû√ç – äéπöÀ, main verb í¬, ÉçéÓöÀ,helping verb í¬) Now look at the following:

a) Lalith: Why do you need anybody's help?You can do it yourself. (Éûª-®Ω’© ≤ƒ-ߪ’ç FÍé-´’-´-Ææ®Ωç? †’¢Ëy îËÆæ’-éÓ-í∫-©´¤ éπüΔ?)

Lakshman: If I can do it on my own, why doI need others' help? Only because I need it, Iam looking for it. (؈’ îËÆæ’-éÓ-í∫-L-TûË Éûª-®Ω’©Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç Å´-Ææ®Ωç àç ÖçC? ÅC Å´-Ææ-®Ω-°æ-úÕçC鬕õ‰d ؈’ üΔEéÀ îª÷Ææ’h-Ø√o†’.)

'Need' Ñ ÖüΔ-£æ«-®Ω-ù™ Å´-Ææ®Ωç éπLT ÖçúøôçÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ¢√ú≈ç.b) Mahitha: We should not have allowed him

to go. We can't find him again. (´’†ç Åûª-úÕE¢Á∞¡x-E-¢√y-LqçC é¬ü¿’. ´’Sx ÅûªúÕE éπ†’-éÓ\-´úøçéπ≠ædç.)

Snehitha: Regretting the past is not what isneeded now. What is needed now is a clearidea of what we should do. (í∫ûªç í∫’Jç**çAç-îªúøç é¬ü¿’ É°æ¤púø’ Å´-Ææ®Ωç. É°æ¤púø’ Å´-Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’içC, ´’†¢Ë’ç îËߪ÷-©ØË N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ Ææp≠ædûª.)

í∫́ ’-Eéπ: Example (b) ™ need passive form ™Åçõ‰ 'be' form + past participle form ™ ¢√ú≈ç.

'Need' v°æûËu-éπûª, ´’†ç need†’ main verb í¬†÷¢√úøû√ç, Helping verb (Auxiliary verb/ modal)í¬†÷ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-T≤ƒhç. Modal verb í¬ need ¢√úøéπç´’† Ææç¶μ«-≠æ-ùèπ◊ ´’ç* ¨¡éÀh-E-Ææ’hçC. ´îËa-≤ƒJ ÅCîª÷üΔlç.

All that you need to do is...

pratibhadesk@eenadu.netMail your comments and suggestions to

Y. Gayatri, Asifabad.Q: éÀçC-¢√öÀ Å®√n©’ N -́Jç-îªçúÕ.

Triathlons, Outlive, Profound crisis,Predatory career, Wind surfing,

A: Triathlon = ´‚úø’ véÃúø™x, ´·êuçí¬ Ñûª,ÂÆjéÀxçí˚, °æ®Ω’í∫’ – Ñ ´‚úø’ °æçüË™x éπL°œ,äéÌ\éπ\ ïô’d †’ç* äéπÍ® §Úöà îËߪ’úøç.

Outlive = äéπJ ´’®Ωùç ûª®√yûª ¢√JéÀ Ææç•ç-Cμç-*†¢√∞¡Ÿx •AéÀ Öçúøôç (survive).

He outlived his wife by two years = Çߪ’†¶μ«®Ωu ´’®Ωùç ûª®√yûª Çߪ’† È®çúË∞¡Ÿx •A-é¬úø’.

Profound crisis = °∂æ’®Ω N°æûª’h (Profound - ÅÆæ©’Å®Ωnç, í¬úμø-¢Á’i† / v°æí¬-úμø-¢Á’i†).Predatory career = EÆæq-£æ…-ߪ·-©†’ üμ¿Ø√-®Ωb-†èπÿ, ™„jçTéπ Å´-Ææ-®√-©èπ◊ ¢√úø’-éÓ-´úøç °æEí¬ Â°ô’d-éÓ-´úøç.

(Predatory - ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç– Éûª®Ωïçûª’´¤©†’ AØË ïçûª’-́ ¤©’ – Æœç£æ«ç, °æ¤L, ûÓúË©’™«çöÀN).Wind surfing =

Ææ´·vü¿°æ¤ Å©©O’ü¿ §ƒüΔ-©èπ◊îÁéπ\ °æ©-éπ©’éπô’d-èπ◊E ûËL-ߪ÷úË véÃúø.

Q: éÀçC Ççí∫xņ’-¢√-üΔ©’éπ®Ω-ÍédØ√?

1. ¶μï†ç Ééπ\úË üÌ®Ω’-èπ◊-ûª’çüΔ? How about Meals.

2. Åûªúø’ Ø√ûÓ ®√´-ú≈-EéÀ E®√-éπ-Jç-î√úø’.He refused to come with me.

3. ¢√®Ω’ üΔEo BÆæ’-éÓ-´-ú≈-EéÀ E®√-éπ-Jç-î√®Ω’.They refused to take it back.

4. Ç¢Á’ Ø√ôu-´÷úø E®√-éπ-Jç-*çC.She refused to dance.

5. Åûªúø’ ™°æ-LéÀ ®√´-ú≈-EéÀ E®√-éπ-Jç-î√úø’.He refused to come inside.

6. ؈’ ÇÊÆZ-Lߪ÷ †’ç* ´Ææ’hØ√o†’.I am from Australia.

7. ؈’ Í®°æ¤ ´÷ ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’-úÕE BÆæ’èπ◊®√-´-ú≈-EéÀ È®j™‰y-ÊÆd-≠æØ˛ ¢Á∞¡x-´-©Æœ ´Ææ’hçC.Tomorrow I will have to go to Rly. stationto receive our friend.

8. ü¿ßª’-îËÆœ Ø√èπ◊ Ç Öûªh®Ωç îªCN NE-°œç-îªçúÕ.Please read out this letter to me.

9. Öûªh-´÷-ô©’ ´ü¿’l, îËûª™x îª÷°œç.Don't say but act.

10. Åûªúø’ ØÓ®Ω’ ´‚Ææ’-éÌE E©-•-ú≈fúø’.He stood speechless.

11. N’´’tLo éπ©-´úøç Ø√èπ◊ î√™« ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ ÖçC.I am very glad to meet you.

12. Ç •Ææ’q ´÷È®\-ö¸èπ◊ ¢Á∞¡Ÿ-ûª’çüΔ?Is this bus goes to market?

A: 1. Do we get meals there?/ How aboutmeals there?

2 to 5: correct.6. ؈’ ÇÊÆZ-Lߪ÷ †’ç* ´Ææ’h-Ø√o†’ = I am com-

ing from Australia.I am from Australia = ´÷C ÇÊÆZ-Lߪ÷.

7 & 8: correct.9. Don't talk, but do10. He stood silently. (Speechless - used only

when some one is unable to speakbecause of shock/surprise).

11. correct12. Does this bus go to market?

Vishal Singam, Warangal.Q: He was watching the T.V. during

five/ for five hours -Ñ È®çúø’sentences © Å®√n©’ îÁ°æpçúÕ.

A: He was watching TV during fivehours - WRONG - No meaning.

He was watching TV for five hours= Åûªúø’ 5 í∫çô-©-§ƒô’ TV îª÷Ææ÷hÖØ√oúø’.

Q: He watching the T.V. during the interval – DEoûÁ©’í∫’™ à´’-Ø√L?

A: Interval time ™ Åûªúø’ TV îª÷Ææ’h-Ø√oúø’– Ç N®√´’(Interval) Ææ´’-ߪ’ç™ Åûªúø’ TV îª÷Ææ’h-Ø√oúø’.

Q: He was hav-ing biscuitsduringwatchingthe movie -Explain inTelugu.

A: This sen-tence iswrong. Thecorrect sen-tence is:

He was hav-ing (eating) biscuits while (during - wrong) watch-ing the movie.

Q: ÇNúø anklets ûÌúÕT ÖçC (É°æ¤púø’) – DEo English ™á™« îÁ§ƒpL?

A: She had her anklets onQ: Class start Å®·u Å®·ü¿’ EN’-≥ƒ©’ èπÿú≈ 鬙‰ü¿’. - Say

in English.A: It is hardly five minutes/ not even five minutes

since the class began.Q: She is gone/ she has gone - say the difference.A: She is gone = She has goneQ: develop/ dI'velop/ ÉC rising öØ√? ™‰éπ ´ûªh-éπ~-®Ω´÷?

– Åçõ‰ 'úÕf¢Á-©°ˇ— - Explain.A: dI'velop - Dçöx ' í∫’®Ω’h v O’ü¿ ÖçC 鬕öÀd, v ØÌéÀ\

°æ©-é¬L.úÕ¢Á-©°ˇ – '¢Á— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©-é¬L. (´ûªh-éπ~®Ωç é¬ü¿’).

Q: as per / according to - Explain.A: As per = According to = Ç v°æ鬮ΩçAs per the orders of the Govt. = v°æ¶μº’ûªy Öûªh-®Ω’y© v°æ鬮ΩçQ: She was super when I was having problems -I saw

this example in Oxford Dictionary.A: You can use, 'have' in the continuous tense with

'problem'.

Sana, Saleem Khureshi,Kazipet.

Q: Ñ °æ¤Ææhéπç ´‚úø’ Ææç´-ûªq-®√© véÀûªçC. Translateinto English.

A: This book is three yearsold.

Q: White coloured clothes/ whitecolour clothes- which one cor-rect?

A: White coloured clothes.Q: He is understood/ I am under-

stood/ Are you understood?OöÀéÀ Åûªúø’ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÌE ÖØ√oúø’/îËÆæ’-éÌ-Ø√oúø’, Ø√èπ◊ Å®Ωnç Å®·uçC. Fèπ◊ Å®ΩnçÅ®·uçüΔ? ÅE îÁ§Òpî√a? áçü¿’-éπçõ‰... O’®Ω’Previous lessons ™ He is determined -Åûªúø’ E®Ωg-®·ç--éÌE ÖØ√oúø’ ÅE îÁ§ƒp®Ω’.N´Jç-îªçúÕ.

A: He is understood = Somebody/ he/ sheunderstands/ I/ you/ we/ they understandhim.is understood = passive voice -am } Åûªúø’/ ؈’ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’éÓ•úøû√†’.are

†’´¤y Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-•-úø--û√¢√? ´÷´‚©’ ûÁ©’í∫’ –Åçõ‰ Éûª-®Ω’©’ Åûª-úÕE/††’o Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’/E†’o Éûª-®Ω’©’ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ö«®√?

He is determined - E®Ωg-ߪ’çûÓÖØ√oúø’ ÅØË Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC.Determined Ééπ\úø verb é¬ü¿’,Adjective; Å®Ωnç– í∫öÀd E®Ωg-ߪ’çûÓÖçúøôç. Åçü¿’-éπE He is deter-mined - Éçü¿’™ determined,verb ™ ¶μ«í∫ç é¬ü¿’. Ééπ\úø verb,'is'. He is determined = í∫öÀd E®Ωg-

ߪ’çûÓ ÖØ√oúø’ (He is tall ™ tall ™« – tallAdjective éπüΔ. Å™«Íí determined, adjective)Determine, verb í¬ èπÿú≈ ¢√úø-´îª’a.Q: He is better than any other/ any student

in the class- translate above in Telugu.A: He is better than any other student =

Åûªúø’ à Éûª®Ω NüΔuJnéπ-Ø√o ¢Á’®Ω’í∫’. (Ñ sen-tence™ 'Åûªúø÷— student Éûª-®Ω’©÷ students.He is better than any student = àNüΔuJnéπØ√o èπÿú≈ Åûªúø’ ¢Á’®Ω’í∫’. (Åûªúø’ stu-dent é¬ü¿’)

M. SURESAN

725

Veera Pratap Chaturvedi, Vijayawada.Q: A car had hit him and knocked him into

his friend - Translate into Telugu.A: A car hit him. He fell on his friend (But

the sentence is not correct. The correctsentence is the one above)

Q: Çߪ’† î√™« °æô’d-ü¿© í∫© ´’E≠œ - Say inEnglish.

A: He is a man of determination.Q: éÌçûª-´’çC Çéπ-LE ûªô’d-éÓ-™‰éπ àúø’Ææ÷h

Öçö«®Ω’ - Say in English.A: Some cry unable to bear hunger.Q: Unlikely - means what?A: Unlikely = may not happen/ ïJÍí

Ŵ鬨¡ç ™‰ü¿’.Q: :, :- For example conjunction: / con-

junction:-Explain when the above underlined areused.

A: : , :– , àüÁjØ√ ¢√úø-´îª’a. Å®·ûË Ñ ®ÓV™x

áèπ◊\-´í¬ ':—¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’.

Q: Neither hehas come tosee nor has hemade a call tome - Can't wesay/ write norhe has made a call to me?

A: The correct sentences are:Neither has he come to see me nor hascalled me. ORHe has neither come to see me nor hascalled me.(The sentence you've written is wrong)

Q: Çߪ’† 鬩’ NJ-TçC – His leg broke/ Hisleg was broken - Say the correct one.

A: Both are OK. You can also say, Hebroke his leg.

Does this bus go to market?

--Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 17 -´÷-Ja 2013 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Spoken English - §ƒ-ûª - ¢√u≤ƒ-© éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ... www.eenadupratibha.net

Jaideep: (Would you) mind joining us forbreakfast? (´÷ûÓ break fast èπ◊ ®√´-ú≈-E-Íé-´’Ø√o Ŷμºuç-ûª-®Ω´÷?)

Pramod: Where are you going? (áéπ\-úÕ-Èé-∞¡Ÿh-Ø√o®Ω’?)

Jaideep: A place where you get the best ofbreakfasts.Every thing toyour choiceand taste(´’ç* °∂æ©£æ…-®√™x Öûªh-´’-¢Á’içC üÌJ-Íé-îÓôC. †’´¤yáç-èπ◊-†oD, F®Ω’*éÀ ûªTçC).

Pramod: I'd certainly go with you. Where isit? (؈’ O’ûÓ ´≤ƒh. áéπ\-úø’ç-ü¿C?)

Jaideep: Fairly near, just a kilometre off.Walking that distance will do us good,especially in the morning. (é¬Ææh ü¿í∫_Í®, äéπéÀ™-O’-ô®˝ ´÷vûª¢Ë’.)

Pramod: I'd (I would) rather not then. I am inno position to walk any more. I've (I have)walked enough for the day this morning onmy morning walk. (Å®·ûË Øˆ’ ®√†’™‰. ØËEçéπ†úÕîË ÆœnA™ ™‰†’. Ñ ®ÓVèπ◊ î√L-†çûª †úÕî√,

§Òü¿’l† †úø-éπ™)Jaideep: Yea. You do look rather tired but

fairly hungry too. But join us for breakfastyou must. Go to the place on bike and waitfor us there. (Å´¤†’. †’´¤y é¬Ææh Å©-Æœ-†-ô’dí¬,Å®·ûË éÌçîÁç Çéπ-Lí¬ éπE°œ-Ææ’h-Ø√o´¤. é¬F ´÷ûÓbreakfast BÆæ’-éÓ-¢√-LqçüË. F bike O’ü¿ Åéπ\-úÕéÀ¢ÁRx, ´÷ éÓÆæç Öçúø’).

Pramod: How long might you take? (áçûª-Êư椰æöÔda O’èπ◊?)

Jaideep: Pretty soon. We are quite fast walk-ers you know. (ûªy®Ω-™ØË. ¢Ë’ç ´’ç* ¢Ëí∫çí¬†úÕ-îË-¢√-∞¡x¢Ë’ éπüΔ?)

✪ ✪ ✪ ✪ ✪

Notes: 1) to somebody's choice and taste =äéπJ áç°œ-éπèπ◊ ûªT-†-ô’dí¬, ÅGμ-®Ω’*/ ®Ω’*-éπ-†’-í∫’-ùçí¬.e.g.: You didn't like that movie, I know. But

this is to your taste = Ç ÆœE´÷ Fèπ◊ †îªa-™‰ü¿’. Ø√èπ◊ ûÁ©’Ææ’, é¬F ÉC Fèπ◊ †îËaüË/ FÅGμ-®Ω’-*éÀ ûªTçüË.

2) Place = ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç – îÓô’. Éûª®Ω Å®√n©’:äéπJ É©’x/ E¢√Ææç (One's place), Hotel/restaurant ™«çöÀN.

3) How long = áçûª-ÊÆ°æ¤? 4) How far = áçûªü¿÷®Ωç? 5) How good? = áçûª ´’ç*?/-áçûªÖ°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç? (useful)

Now look at the following sentences fromthe conversation above:1) Fairly near2) I'd (I would) rather not then3) You do look rather tired but fairly hungry

too4) We are quite fast walkers5) Pretty soon

´’† conversation (Ææç¶μ«-≠æ-ù)™ î√™«ûª®Ωîª÷ fairly, quite and rather ¢√úø’-ûª’çö«ç. ¢√öÀÖ°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊çüΔç.

´·êuçí¬ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-LqçC: fairly and rather.Ñ È®çöÀéà ŮΩnç î√™«-´-®Ωèπ◊, ÅE. Å®·ûË î√™«´·êu-¢Á’i† ûËú≈, 'fairly' ´’ç* N≠æ-ߪ÷-©èπÿ, 'rather'¶μ«´uç-é¬E ¢√öÀéÀ ¢√úøû√ç.e.g.: He is fairly tall X He is rather short

(Åûªúø’ §Òúø’Íí, °∂æ®√y-™‰ü¿’) $ (Åûªúø’ §Òõ‰d)a) Prajval: How did he do in the exam yes-

terday? (E†o Åûªúø’ °æKéπ~ ᙫ ®√¨»úø’?)Udai: Fairly well. (¶«í¬ØË ®√¨»úø’. °∂æ®√y-™‰ü¿’).b) Ahmed: You know him, don't you? (Féπ-ûªúø’

ûÁ©’Ææ’ éπüΔ?)Devanand: I know him fairly well but I can't

say we are close. (°∂æ®Ω-¢√-™‰ü¿’. Åûªúø’ ¶«í¬ØËûÁ©’Ææ’ Ø√èπ◊, é¬F ¢Ë’ç ÆæEo-£œ«-ûª’-©-´’E ņ-™‰†’).

àüÁjØ√ ´’ç* N≠æߪ’ç é¬Ææh ¶«í¬ØË ÖçC ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊fairly ¢√úøû√ç.His chances of winning are fairly good =

Åûªúø’ ÈíLîË Å´-é¬-¨»©’ é¬Ææh ¶«í¬ØË ÖØ√o®·.fairly - some èπ◊ áèπ◊\´, very éÀ ûªèπ◊\´.Rather - é¬Ææh – fairly E ´’ç*-¢√-öÀéÀ ¢√úÕ-†ô’d,rather ´’†-éÀ-≠ædç-™‰E N≠æ-ߪ÷-©èπ◊, é¬Ææh áèπ◊\¢Ë ÅØËÅ®ΩnçûÓ ¢√úøû√ç.

'fairly' refers to a positive or pleasantidea; 'rather' for a negative or unpleasant idea.a) Peter: I hope the exam will be fairly easy

(°æKéπ~ é¬Ææh Ææ’©-¶μºç-í¬ØË Öçô’ç-ü¿E ÇP-Ææ’hØ√o).Bhaskar: No, I am sure it's going to be rather

tough (à癉ü¿’. ÅC é¬Ææh éπ≠ædç-í¬-ØË Öçô’ç-ü¿EØ√ †´’téπç).

b) Vinod: How is your father now? (O’ Ø√†o-í¬-È®™« ÖØ√o®Ω’?)

Rafi: Still rather ill. (Éçé¬ é¬Ææh ï•’s-í¬ØËÖØ√oúø’).

c) Irfan: What are you complaining about?(üËE í∫’Jç* †Ææ’-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√o´¤?)

Zaheer: The food in the restaurant you tookme to was rather badly cooked. My stom-ach is upset. (†’´¤y ††’o BÆæ’Èé-Rx† £æ«Ùô-™¸™¶μï†ç Åçûª ¶«í¬ ´çúø-™‰ü¿’. Ø√ éπúø’°æ¤ A°æ¤p-ûÓçC.)´’† conversation ™ fairly, rather ÆæJí¬

¢√úøüΔç.

I know him fairly well...

pratibhadesk@eenadu.netMail your comments and suggestions to

P. Srinivas, Karimnagar.Q: SET -Å-ØË °æüΔ-E-èπ◊†o Å®√n-©†’

Çߪ÷ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ÖüΔ-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓN´-Jç-îªçúÕ.

A: Refer to a good dictionary.Q: 'Beat the heat with prolyte' DE

Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ?A: Use 'Prolyte' and feel cool –

v§Ò™„jö¸ ¢√úÕ ¢ËúÕE ï®·ç-îªçúÕ.Q: What is the difference among -

Talent school, Corporateschool, Grammar school,Heritage school, Public school,Digital school?

A: Talent school, corporate school,Grammar school, Heritageschool, Public school - all pri-vate management schools runfor profit - ™«¶μ«-®Ωb† éÓÆæç †úÕÊ°w°j¢Ëö¸ §ƒ®∏Ω-̈ »-©©’ – v°æ¶μº’ûªy/ >™«x°æJ-≠æû˝/ °æçî√-ߪ’B §ƒ®∏Ω-¨»-©©’é¬EN.

Digital schools - System ofteaching, in which electronicdevices like TV, computer,Email etc are used. (á©-é¬Z-Eé˙ °æJ-éπ-®√© ≤ƒßª’çûÓ ¶üμ¿Ø√ °æü¿l¥A – dig-ital school).

Q: What is the difference among -Beautiful, cute, pretty, nice,handsome?

A: Beautiful = Pretty (Small thingsthat are beautiful) = Cute =Very attractively beautiful, spe-cially girls and children(´·üÌlîËa) – but used for any-thing that is attractive; = Nice(beautiful in appearance andgood at behaviour).

Handsome - Good looking

(Åçü¿çí¬ Ö†o) ´·êuçí¬ °æ¤®Ω’-≠æfl©N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ ¢√úøû√ç ÉC. Beautifulfor women, and 'handsome' formen. We sometimes use 'hand-some' for women too, meaning awoman who is beautiful but looksstrong and large rather than smalland attractive.Q: What is the difference between

M.S. and M.D. in doctor's qual-ification?

A: M.S. = Master of surgery - adoctor specially trained indoing operations.

M.D. = Doctor of Medicine - Onewho usually does not do opera-tions.Q: Up, Out, Off, On, Over °æüΔ-©èπ◊

Å®√n©’ ûÁ©-°æçúÕ. éÀçC Phrasalverbs †’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

Coming up, Play on, Dress up,Dress on,

A: Refer to the dictionary for themeaning and use of thesewords. I am explaining only thephrases here:

1) Coming up = (Of an event, ´·êu-¢Á’i† Ææçü¿-®√s¥-™«xç-öÀN – School day,College day, Inauguration,™«çöÀN) = Going to happensoon.

e.g.: The school day is coming up= Ææ÷\™¸ ¢√J{-éÓ-ûªq´ç ûªy®Ω-™ØËï®Ω-í∫-¶-ûÓçC.

2) Play on - continue to play3) Dress on - Ñ ´÷ô ™‰ü¿’4) Dress up = to wear clothes –

v°æûËuéπ Ææçü¿-®√s¥-©èπ◊ – v°æûËu-éπ-¢Á’i†ü¿’Ææ’h-©ûÓ ´·≤ƒh-•-´úøç

M.K.Rao,Visakhapatnam.

Q: éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ-™éÀ ņ’-´-Cç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

1. Fèπ◊ ´’ç* áéπ-úø-N’é˙áéπq-™„Ø˛q Öçõ‰, Fèπ◊ÖüÓuí∫ç ´îËa-Æœ-†õ‰x!

2. ؈’ Fèπ◊ phone îËÊÆh, ؈’ FûÓ ÊÆo£æ«çé̆-≤ƒ-T-Ææ’h-†oô’x, phone îËߪ’-éπ-§ÚûË ´’†´’üμ¿u ÊÆo£æ«ç ™‰†ô’x/ ™‰†õ‰x!

3. Fèπ◊ ´’ç* í¬vûªç í¬E Öçõ‰ í∫†éπ,Fèπ◊... ´’J... ´’ç* Ê°®Ω’ v°æë«u-ûª’©’´îËa-≤ƒh-ߪ’-†’éÓ.

4. Ç¢Á’ î√™« Åçü¿çí¬ ÖçC – Åçü¿çÅçõ‰ Åçü¿ç é¬ü¿-†’éÓ.

5. Åçü¿ç Åçõ‰ Åçü¿ç é¬ü¿’.6. v°æù-¶¸-´·-êKb áØÓo ®√≠æZ-°æA?7. Å¢Á’Jé¬ ¢Á∞¡x-ú≈-EéÀ ´·çü¿’ ®ÓV Ø√èπ◊

Ééπ\úø ´’ç* ÖüÓu-í¬-´-鬨¡ç ´*açC –Åçõ‰... Í®°æ¤ Å¢Á’-Jé¬ ¢Á∞¡-û√-†-†í¬ Ñ

®ÓV Ø√èπ◊ ÖüÓuí∫ç ´*açC.8. ´÷ ÉçöÀ ´·çü¿’ äéπ éÌçúø ÖçC –

éÌçúø Åçõ‰ éÌçúø é¬ü¿’ í¬E... *†o í∫’ôdņo-´÷ô.

9. Çߪ’† ¢Á·ûªhç éπü∑¿ Åçû√ îÁ°æ¤p-éÌ-î√aúø’.10. Ê°ü¿-¢√-JéÀ îËûª-ØÁjûË ¢Ë’©’ îË®· ÅçûË-í¬F

¢√JE ¢Á÷Ææç îËߪ’èπ◊.A: 1. If you have an excellent acade-

mic sense, you've got the job.2. If I call you again, we are still

friends and if I don't, we are nolongerfriends/you canassume wearen'tfriends anymore.

3. If you havea good

voice, you can take it for grantedyou are going to get name andfame.

4. She is really beautiful - not justbeautiful, even more than that.

5. ... not just beauty.6. Ñ question í∫ûªç™ î√™«-́ ’çC ÅúÕ-

í¬®Ω’. DEéÀ English ™‰ü¿’. A roughtranslation: Where does Pranabcame in the line of Presidents?

7. A day before - just the day before Iwas to leave for America, I had gota job here.8. Our place faces a hill, not exact-

ly hill, you can call it a hillock.9. He took me through the whole

course of the story/ He set aboutnarrating the whole story.

10. Help the poor if you can, butdon't cheat them.

A Reader, Vijayawada.Q: éÀçC expressions †’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ äéπ

ÖüΔ-£æ«-®Ω-ùûÓ N´-Jç-îªçúÕ.1. Last straw 2. Hits nail on the head3. Vice like grip of 4. On the wane5. Dichotomy 6. Cast in stone

A: 1. Last straw = *´J 鬮Ωùça) The last thing that causes some-

thing: a) The company hadalready been making losses, andthe fire accident was the laststraw = Ç éπç°F Åçûªèπ◊ ´·çüˆ≥ƒd™x ÖçC, Ç ÅTo-v°æ-́ ÷-ü¿çûÓ üΔE°æûª†ç °æ‹®Ωh-®·uçC.

b) I lost my books, and now I've lostmy hall ticket. This is the laststraw. (ÅÆ晉 Ø√ °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ §Úߪ÷®·.É°æ¤p-úË¢Á÷ Ø√ £æ…™¸-öÀ-Èéö¸ §Ú®·çC.DçûÓ Ø√ éπ≥ƒd©’ °æ‹Jh - Last straw).

2. Hits nail on the head = Do/ say the

right thing. You hit the nail onthe head when yousay that mostIndians are corrupt.

3. Vice-like grip =Hold somethingstrongly = Öúø’ç-°æô’d /í∫öÀdí¬ °æô’d-éÓ-´úøç –He held her neck in a vice-like grip= Ç¢Á’ ¢Á’úø†’ Åûªúø’ í∫öÀdí¬ °æô’d-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.

4. On the wane = decreasing. Hisinfluence is on the wane = Çߪ’†°æ©’-èπ◊-•úÕ éÃ~ùÀ-≤ÚhçC.

5. The separation/ The diffencebetween two opposite things =¢Áj®Ω’üμ¿uç – The dichotomy betweenwhat our ministers say and whatthey do, is really shocking = ´’†´’çvûª’© ´÷ô-©èπÿ îËûª-©èπÿ ÖçúË¢Áj®Ω’üμ¿uç ´’†èπ◊ Cví¬s¥çA éπL-T-Ææ’hçC.

6. Cast in stone = carved in stone =

figure out instone = (P™«p-™«xç-öÀN) ®√AûÓîÁéÀ\†. Å®·ûË Cast ÅÆæ©’ Å®Ωnç, §Úûª-§Ú-ߪ’úøç, Nví∫-£æ…-™«xç-öÀN. ®√AûÓ ´’L-îË-üÁjûË, Carved in stone Åçö«ç.

M. SURESAN

726

The school day is coming up

--Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 24 -´÷-Ja 2013 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Spoken English - §ƒ-ûª - ¢√u≤ƒ-© éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ... www.eenadupratibha.net pratibhadesk@eenadu.netMail your comments and suggestions to

What are French Windows?

Chandana Malhothra,Srikakualm.

Q: All the students arefortunates for havinga teacher like you -Say whether theabove sentence iscorrect or not.

A: All the students are fortunate tohave a...

Q: Ç Stapler Ç¢Á’C é¬ü¿’Åçü¿’Íé Ç¢Á’ üΔEo §ƒúø’-îË-≤ÚhçC = It is not herstapler thats why sheis spoiling it- Saywhether above cor-rect or not.

A: It ........ her stapler.That's why.... it.

Q: Ç •çúÕ™ (bike)petrol §Ú®·ç - Howto say this in English?

A: Fill the vehicle.Q: Did you see them/ Had you seen

them when/ at the time of yourclosing your shop/ when youwere closing your shop - Say thecorrect one.

A: Did you see them when you wereclosing your shop?/ at the time ofyour closing your shop?

Q: He is going on/ He goes on smok-ing/ He will be going on smoking

- Explain.A: Both are

correct.He goes onsmoking -Regular/ now.He will begoing onsmoking -some time infuture.

Rajeshwar Ithihas, Adilabad.

Q: By and large - ExplainA: By and large = Mostly/ generally

By and large the food in the restaurant isgood (Ç £æ«Ùô™¸ ¢Á·ûªhç O’ü¿ ¶«í¬ØËÖçô’çC).

Q: Ø√ •çúÕ™ petrol §Ú®·ç - You getmy bike petrol poured - Is this transla-tion correct?

A: Have my bike filled/ fill the bike.Q: I insisted that he come/ comes/ came

out with truth- Say the correct one.A: I insist that he come out with the truth.Q: I have to have my son an injection

given - Can't this be said instead of

saying - I have to have my son givenan injection?

A: I have to have my son given an injec-tion.

Q: In a lesson you wrote ''Before Bairdmade it there was no T.V.'' Here "hadbeen" - should have been there insteadof the above underlined - Clarify.

A: When you use 'before' and the earlierverb is a 'be' form, 'was' is OK.

John Philips, Kakinada

Q: The rooms were dirty and had practi-cally no light except the light of thecandle - Say the meaning of the above

underlined.A: Practically = almost (üΔüΔ°æ¤)Q: Our certificates show what we have

studied but they don't show what ourknowledge is - Can it be said? If it iswrong please correct it.

A: ''... how much knowledge we have'' isbetter than, 'what our knowledge is'.

Q: Say the difference between'Knowledge' and 'Wisdom' in Telugu.

A: Knowledge = Nñ«c†ç. v°æ°æç-îªç™îªü¿´úøç ´©x, Éûª®Ω ≤ƒüμ¿-Ø√© ´©x ´’†çûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊ØË N≠æ-ߪ÷©’.

Wisdom = ´’†-èπ◊†o Nñ«c-†çûÓ, ņ’-¶μº-́ çûÓûÁL-¢Áj† E®Ωg-ߪ÷©’ BÆæ’èπ◊ØË ¨¡éÀh.

Brajeshwar Lal Bhatia, HyderabadQ: You have to go to market to bring

some vegetables after completionof your exam tomorrow - can thisbe said?

A: You have to go to market after yourexam/ after your exam is over.

Q: Come fast - Say the question tag.A: Won't you?Q: Having their/ they gone, I feel

relief - Is this correct?A: They have gone and I feel

relieved/ I feel relieved they havegone.

Q: Ç class éÀ English á´®Ω’ ¶Cμ≤ƒh®Ω’?- Say in English.

A: Who teaches that class English?Q: Çߪ’† ´*a áçûª-ÊÆ-°æ-®·uçC? - Say

in English.A: How long is it since he came?Q: I won't stop you from entering the

class - Is this correct?A: Correct.

P. Srinivas, Ammakkapet,Karimnagar.

Q: éÀçC Phrasal verbs †’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

Take off, Send off, Close up, Brings up, Hurry up,Set up, Carry on, Carry out, Cut off, Lock out, Getout, Put up, Open up, Sum up, Thumbs up, Wake up,Bind over, Over come.

A: Refer to the dictionary for the meaning and use ofthese words. I am explaining only the phrases here:

1) Take off = BÊÆߪ’úøç, ´·êuçí¬ ü¿’Ææ’h©’. Éçé¬ î√™« Å®√n-©’-Ø√o®·, NNüμ¿ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√úËN. ÅN Ééπ\úø N´-Jç-îªúøçO©’-é¬ü¿’.

2) Send off = OúÓ\©’ °æ©-éπúøç3) Close up = ÆæO’-°œç-îªúøç4) Bring up = °çîªúøç (°œ©xLo)5) Hurry up = ®√ ûªy®Ωí¬6) Set up = arrange = Éçé¬ Éûª®Ω Å®√n©’ î√™« ÖØ√o®·7) Carry on = continue8) Carry out = E®Ωy-Jhç-îªúøç (Carry out orders)9) Put up = to lodge/ •Ææ îËߪ’úøç/to stay10) Sum up = ≤ƒ®√稡ç îÁ°æpúøç11) Thumbs up = OK Åçû√ ÆæJí¬/ Æœü¿l¥çí¬ ÖçC.12) Bind over = ¶«üμ¿’u-©’í¬ îËߪ’úøç13) Overcome = éπ≥ƒd-™«xçöÀN ÅCμ-í∫-N’ç-îªúøç

Ééπ\úø É´yE ´÷ô©’, î√™« Ææ’©-¶μº-¢Á’i-†N, Dictionaryîª÷Æœ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓçúÕ, ü¿ßª’-îËÆœ.

727

M. SURESAN

Mayuri Natarajan, Rajahmundry.Q: Are you understood/ Do you understand? - Please

explain.A: Are you understood = O’®Ω’/ †’´¤y Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-•-ú≈f¢√? (ÉC

Passive. ´÷´‚©’ ûÁ©’í∫’ – E†’o/ N’´’tLo Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o®√¢√∞¡Ÿx).

Q: In a programme the announcer announces: This pro-gramme (of 10th class) is followed by the programme of9th class - Åçõ‰ 10th class programme Å®·-§Ú-®·† ûª®√yûª9th class programme Öçô’çC. - Is the announcer right?

A: RightQ: Subject - Please explain the uses of the underlined word

with examples in Telugu.A: Subject: 1) The subject of a sentence - ¢√éπuç üËEo í∫’Jç*

îÁ•’-ûª’çüÓ ÅC Ç ¢√éπuç subject.2) The person/ a thing being discussed – ´’†ç îªJaçîË

N≠æߪ’ç and3) The subject of studies in school/ college - e.g.: Maths,Physics, Social Studies, etc.,

Q: We will be having exams - can this be used?A: Correct.

Sreeja Goyal, Hyderabad.

Q: Ashok went from Lucknow to Chennai - Is this cor-rect? If it is not, please say the correct one. Can wewrite the above sentence like Ashok went to Chennaifrom Lucknow?

A: Both are correctQ: Ç Ê°°æ-®˝™ exam

®√ߪ’çúÕ – How to sayin English?

A: Write your answer onthat paper/ on thatsheet of paper/ onthose sheets of paper.

Q: First of all you decideyour place/ roomwhere to be seated/ tobe sitting - Say thecorrect one.

A:What you want to say is not clear from your sentence.The correct form of your sentence is:First of all decide where/ in which room to sit/ to be seated.

Gadepalli Subrahmanyam,, Vizianagaram.

Q: What exactly are French Windows? Are there Englishwindows too?

A: A french window, is NOT exactly a window. It is a door-way leading into a garden around a house or a yard.2) There is no 'English window'.

A Reader, Vijayawada.Q: éÀçC expressions †’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ äéπ

ÖüΔ-£æ«-®Ω-ùûÓ N´-Jç-îªçúÕ.1. Coaxes 2. Distort3. Hit the deck tracks4. Stormy weather5. Put the pieces together6. Taboo7. Parochial mindset8. Sacred cow 9. Half baked10. Tread the trodden path 11. Called stumps on (in cricket)12. Push the envelope (in cricket)13. On song (in cricket)14. Paradigm shift15. Back to back runs16. Laughs off17. Take on 18. London dream19. Rubkin's cube20. Mere 21. Attributed22. Cribbed barred and moored23. Play one's cards well24. Big clout 25. Settle one's score26. Patronage 27. Scoffing at28. French Kiss.A: 1. Coaxes = Persuade = •’ïb-Tç-

îªúøç. He coaxed me intogoing to a movie with him =††’o •’ïb-Tç* ÆœE´÷éÀ BÆæ’-Èé∞«xúø’.

The mother coaxes the child intoeating.

2. Distort = Spoil out of shape =®Ω÷°æ¤-´÷-Í®ç-ûªí¬ §ƒúø’ îËߪ’úøç(ûÁ©’í∫’ slang™ Ê≠°æ¤ ´÷Í®a-ߪ’úøçÅçö«®Ω’).The media often distorts truth =O’úÕ-ߪ÷-¢√∞¡Ÿx Eñ«Eo ´véÃ-éπ-J-≤ƒh®Ω’.

3. No such expression4. Stormy weather = Cyclonic

weather

5. No such expression as a phrase/phrasal verb (Put somethingtogether = collect all parts of athing and join them)

6. See the dictionary7. Parochial mindset = Interested

in only in your area, givingimportance only to it. (eg:People of a state in India show-ing interest only in their state).

8. Sacred cow = Innocent person9. Half baked = Not properly

thought of = ÆæÈ®j† Ç™-îª-†-™‰E.10. Tread the trodden path =

Following old methods/ think-ing like all others/ No newideas

11. Called stumps on (in cricket) =Call stumps on = retire fromcricket

12. Push the envelope (in cricket)= Try to do more than whatpeople think can be done. (Å≤ƒ-üμ¿u-´’-†’-èπ◊-†oN îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ v°æߪ’-Aoç-îªúøç)

13. On song (in cricket) = Makinggood progress (Not only incricket but in any other activi-ty)

14. Paradigm shift = Change ofmodel

15. Back to back runs = singles16. Laughs off = Not take serious-

ly (°æöÀdç--éÓ-éπ-§Ú-´úøç/ ûËLí¬_ BÆæ’-éÓ-´úøç)

17. Take on = See dictionary18. No such expression19. Rubkin's cube = ®Ωçí∫’ ®Ωçí∫’©

îªü¿-®√-©ûÓ áô’ 鬢√-©çõ‰ Åô’A°æpú≈-EéÀ O©’çúË *†o *†o°∂æ’Ø√© (Cubes) ûÓ èπÿúÕ ÖçúËÇô. O’®Ω’ îª÷ÊÆ Öçö«®Ω’.

20 and 21: See the dictionary22. Cribbed barred and moored =

Not given freedom23. Play one's cards well = Make

good use of what a person has24. Big clout = A lot of influence25. Settle one's score = Take

revenge26, 27. See dictionary28. French Kiss. = Lips open and

only tongues kiss

--Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 31 -´÷-Ja 2013 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Spoken English - §ƒ-ûª - ¢√u≤ƒ-© éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ... www.eenadupratibha.net pratibhadesk@eenadu.netMail your comments and suggestions to

I am seeing a doctor

Uma: Nagaraj needed some money and Igave it to him (Ø√í∫-®√-ñ¸èπ◊ úø•’s Å´-Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’içC,ØËE-î√a†’ ÅC Åûª-úÕéÀ).

Jagadish: Why did he need the money? Justthe other day he drew some money from thebank. (ÅûªúÕéÀ úø¶„sçü¿’èπ◊ Å´Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’içC? Ç ®Óñ„-°æ¤púÓ bank †’ç* úø•’s BÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’ éπüΔ?)

Uma: You need not worry. He will repay itpromptly. (†’´¤y ÇçüÓ-∞¡† °æúø-†-éπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’. ņoÆæ´’-ߪ÷-EÍé/ Ææé¬-™«EÍé AJ-T-îËa-≤ƒhúø’).

Jagadish: I am not worried. My point is, needhe borrow at all? His dad sends him plentyof money. (Ø√Íéç ¶«üμ¿ ™‰ü¿’. ÅÆæ©’ Å°æ¤p îËߪ÷-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’ éπüΔ, ÅE Ø√ v°æ¨¡o. ¢√∞¡x Ø√†o¶«í¬ØË úø•’s °æç°œ-≤ƒhúø’ éπüΔ?)

Uma: He is prompt, I told you.You don't need to remind him atall (Åûªúø’ Ææé¬-™«-EéÀ îÁLx-≤ƒhúø’. †’´y-ûª-úÕéÀ í∫’®Ω’h-îË-ߪ÷-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç èπÿú≈™‰ü¿’).

Jagadish: Uma, you need tounderstand the point that themore the money he has, the morewill he waste it. You need nothave lent him the money if only

not to let him waste it (áçûª áèπ◊\´ úø•’sçõ‰Åçûª ´%ü∑Δ îË≤ƒh-úøØË N≠æߪ’ç Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-¢√-Lq†Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÖçC. Åûªúø’ úø•’s ´%ü∑Δ îËߪ’-èπ◊çú≈ÖçúËü¿’ÈéjØ√ †’´¤y úø•’s É¢√y-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’).

Uma: OK. I will make a note of it (ÆæÍ®. ÅCí∫’®Ω’hç--èπ◊ç-ö«†’).

✪ ✪ ✪

'Need' has two uses- 1) as a main verb, and2) as a helping verb.

We have seen the uses of need as a mainverb in one of our last lessons. Some exam-ples are:a) I need your help (F Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç Ø√éπ-´-Ææ®Ωç)b) He needed some books, and I told him

where he could get them (Åûª-úÕéÀéÌEo °æ¤Ææh鬩’ Å´-Ææ-®Ω-´’-ߪ÷u®·. ؈’îÁ§ƒp†’ ÅN áéπ\úø üÌ®Ω’-èπ◊û√ßÁ÷)Why did he need your help? (Åûª-úÕéÀ F Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç áçü¿’èπ◊ Å´-Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’içC?)In all the sentences above, needis a 'main verb'.Look at the following sentencesfrom the conversation above:1) You need not worry.

2) Need he borrow at all?3) You don't need to remind him4) You need to understand the point...5) You need not have lent him the money

Now study the difference between the fol-lowing sentences.a) I need your help (Ø√èπ◊ F ≤ƒßª’ç Å´-Ææ®Ωç)b) I need not take any body's help (؈’ á´J

≤ƒßª’´‚ BÆæ’-éÓ-†-´-Ææ-®Ωç-™‰ü¿’)In sentence (a), the verb is need.Ééπ\úø 'need' main verb.In (b), the verb is, 'need take' and 'need' hereis a helping verb/ Auxiliary verb / modal verb.

It is important for us to know the uses of'need' as a main verb, and also as a helpingverb. We have already seen the uses of 'need'as a main verb. Let's now know the uses of'need' as a helping/ auxiliary verb/ modal.a) Sankar: Please stay for some more time

here. We need your help (Éçé¬ÊÆ°æ¤ ÖçúøçúÕO’®Ω’. O’ Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç ´÷éπ-´Ææ®Ωç).

Sekhar: I need to go home immediately.People are waiting for me. (ØËEç-öÀéÀ ¢Á∞«x-Lq†Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÖçC. éÌçûª-´’çC Ø√ éÓÆæç îª÷Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’).We need your help - Ééπ\úø 'need' äéπ\õ‰

verb. ÉCéπ\úø finite verb.

I need to go home- Ééπ\úø 'need' ´÷vûª¢Ë’ verbé¬ü¿’. need to go éπL°œ ¢Á·ûªhç verb - need, haveto/ has to/ had to/ ought to™« verb ™ äéπ ¶μ«í∫ç´÷vûª¢Ë’. 鬕öÀd Ééπ\úø need to, helping verb´÷vûª¢Ë’. É™«çöÀ Ææçü¿®√s¥™x need to üΔüΔ°æ¤'must' Å®√n-Eo -ÉÆæ’hçC.

a) Sagar: You must do it. (†’´yC îËߪ÷L)

Krishna: Need I do it now itself? (É°æ¤púË îËߪ÷-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÖçüΔ?/ É°æ¤púË îËߪ÷™«?)

É™« need †’ helping verb í¬ ¢√úÕûË mustÅ®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC.

b) Prakash: Need I (= must I) do it nowitself? (É°æ¤púË îËߪ÷-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÖçüΔ?/îËߪ÷™«?)

Ganesh: You need not, now itself. (É°æ¤púËîËߪ÷-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’).

O’®Ω’ í∫´’-EçîË Öçö«®Ω’.

Must X need not.

I must go (؈’ ¢Á∞«xL) – DEéÀ opposite (´uA-Í®éπç) X I need not/ do not need to go (؈’ ¢Á∞¡x-´-©-Æœ† Å´Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’)

DEí∫’Jç* ´’J-éÌçûª Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç ´îËa lesson™.

Need I do it now itself?

Surya, AmalapuramQ: Link verb - Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ?

ÖüΔ-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.A: Refer to previous lessons.Q: O’®Ω’ Ñ é¬®Ω’™ ®ΩçúÕ. ؈’ Ç

é¬®Ω’™ ´≤ƒh†’ - Say inEnglish.

A: You come by this car, and I'll come bythat/ the other car.

Q: Australia plays the best/ Australia playsthe best of all other teams. Australiaplays the best of all teams/ Australiaplays the best than any other team - Saythe difference among the all above sen-tences.

A: Australia plays the best of all (teams) -correct. The other sentences are allwrong.

Q: A.P. is the bigger than any state/ thanany other state - Please say the differ-ence.

A: AP is bigger than any other state in India

- correct - 'bigger than any state' iswrong.

Q: Cricket is a/ the costlier game/ play/sport than any other game/ games / play /plays/ sport/ sports - please clarify thedifference.

A: Game - a sport in which two teams con-test - cricket/football/ ten-nis, etc.

Sport - anevent inwhich anynumber canparticipate -runningrace, highjump, longjump etc.Play - the

act of playing eg: Play some game.Cricket is costlier than any other game.

Raahela Parveen, Narkatpally.Q: Please say the difference

between Adjectives ofQuantity/ Adverbs of Quantity.

A: Adjective of quantity - Wordsof number or quantity before /after a noun, are adjectives ofquantity. eg: Some students,many books,etc.

Adverbs of quan-tity - Words ofquantity before/after a verb /adjective.He played a lotbetter today.Q: Is the word

backward(s) adverb or adjec-tive? - Clarify.

A: It can be both: Backwardmovement - Backward - Adj.He moved backward - back-ward- Adv.

Q: Explain about "Link Verbs".A: Refer to previous lessons.

Q: Hardly she studies/ She stud-ies hardly - say the difference.

A: Hardly she studies - wrong.Hardly does she study = She stud-ies hardlyQ: He is very well - is the under-

lined word adverb?A: Yes.

Q: He therefore left school -Say in Telugu.

A: Åçü¿’-́ ©x school ´÷ØË-¨»úø’.Q: Explain Be-forms and

please let me know allthe 'Be-forms'.

A: Refer to the earliestlessons on spokenEnglish. Lesson No. 1 to20, available on the web.

Q: He is not the greatest of allmusicians - please write otherdegrees and their use.

A: Many other/ most other musi-cians are as great as he - com-parative.

Some other musicians are as greatas he. (Positive)

Sunaina, Pooja, Rajahmundry.Q: They mounted/ rode/ climbed

the horse - Say the correctone.

A: 1) They mounted the horse =They climbed the horse.

They rode on the horse = Theywent riding.Q: They rode almost neck to neck

- Say in Telugu.A: They rode nearly at the same

speed. (üΔüΔ°æ¤ ÆæJ-Ææ-´÷-†-¢Á’i†¢Ëí∫çûÓ í∫’v®√-©†’ üˆúø’B®·çî√®Ω’).

Q: Çߪ’† îË®·/ 鬩’ NJ-TçC.A: He broke his hand/ leg Q: Çߪ’† Shirt éÀ ü¿’•s ÅçöÀçC/

Åçô’-èπ◊ç-ô’çC/ Åçô’-èπ◊ç-ôC.A: His shirt has/ will have dirt

marks on it.Q: Ø√ îË®·/ 鬩’ AN’tJ °æöÀdçC/

°æúø’-ûª’-†oC/ °æúø’-ûªC – Translate

into EnglishA: My hand/ leg is

benumbed/ it gettingbenumbed/ will bebenumbed.

Q: Father reads newspaper - can the above under-lined word be used without anarticle before it?

A: When the speaker refers totheir own father, they can say,'father'

Q: Has a ghost entered his body -Çߪ’†èπ◊ ü¿ßª’uç °æöÀdçüΔ? is thisright?

A: Is he possessed?Q: His friend tried to reason with

him - Say in Telugu.A: His friend tried to make him

understand what was wrong/right by talking to him logically.

728

R. Pitchaiah Sastry,Khammam.

Q: He must haveknown I have got my cell repaired/ I didknow the answer - Say if the above canbe/ are used in Spoken English.

A: They can be/ are used in Spoken English.Q: Say the Indirect speech of the following

sentence "I am to go", He saidA: He said he was to go.Q: You can have it said by him - Çߪ’† ü¿í∫_®Ω

O’®Ω’ îÁ°œpç--éÓ-´îª’a – Åçõ‰ O’èπ◊ ؈’ îÁ°œp†Grammar Å®Ωnç é¬éπ-§ÚûË O’®Ω’ Çߪ’† ü¿í∫_®ΩîÁ°œpç--éÓ-´îª’a. – Say whether the aboveone is correct?

A: You can have it taught by him (not said byhim).

M. SURESAN

Fateh Khan, Kazipet

Q: I refuse to acceptthe cynical notionthat nation aftermust spiral down amilitaristic stairwayinto the hall of ther-monuclear destruc-tion - Say in Telugu.

A: v°æ°æçîª ñ«ûª’-©Fo äéπ-üΔE ûª®√yûª äéπöÀ Åù’ Öû√p-Cûª Ö≠ægç ´©x éπLÍí NØ√---¨¡-Ø√EéÀ ¢Á’ô’d ¢Á’ô’dí¬Cí¬©ØË ¢√üΔEo ؈’ ÅçU-éπ-Jç-’.

Q: Whose struggles with and for his people, arestill met with the most brutal expression ofman's in humanity to man - Translate intoTelugu.

A: ûª† ¢√JûÓ ûª† ¢√J-éÓÆæç ûª†’ îËÆœ† §Ú®√-ö«©†’´÷†-´¤© °æôx ´÷†-´¤-©-èπ◊†o Å´÷-†’≠æçûÓ áü¿’-®Ì\ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ó... (O’C °æ‹Jh ¢√éπuç é¬ü¿’).

Q: So many hotels resemble each other/ one

another which is the right one?

A: One another - correct, because 'so many'means more than two.

Q: Cynical - say the meaning.

A: Cynical means not hoping for any good hap-pening.

Q: I am seeing a doctor.

The words like see, look, understand, etc arenot used in present progressive tense thenhow is the above sentence correct?

A: Here 'see' means 'meet', and not somethingappearing to us, so it is correct.