Download - 第 3 章 膳食指导和评估
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1 2 3
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12345
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1(heat energy or thermal energy) 2(nutriment)
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(JouleJ) KJMJ calorie Cal (kilocaloriesKcal 1 J =0.239cal 1 cal =4.184J
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(protein) (fat) (carbohydrate)
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1g 167kJg 4 kcal/g1g 376kJ g 9 kcal/g1g 167kJg 4 kcal/g
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10.0 17.5MJ/d 9.214.2MJ/d
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1234
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DRIs
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DRIs(Dietary Reference Intakes)
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RDAs RDAs198910RDAs
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DRIsRDAsDRIs
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DRIs19371998chinese DRIs
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. 1:
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2RDA , RDA RDA2SD
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3. (dietary reference intakes, DRIs DRIsRDA 4 (EAR) (RNI) (AI) (UL)
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AIRNI?AIRNIAIRNI: 1RNIEARRNI 2AIEARRNI(AI)RNI AIRNIRNIAIRNI
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, ,
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DRI90%~ 110%
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DRI90%80%55%~65%20%~30%10%~15%1/3
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-3-6 BE
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1
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(Dietary Reference IntakesDRIs)
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(Balanced Diet)
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:1234
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?P137
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*
*
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(P143) --
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P121
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P121
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11800Kcal
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* 90%90%5%90%
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2,2145 Kcal
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P122
P1403-10
P1253-123
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1.
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RNI=EAR=BMIPALPAL 1.55 1.78 2.10 1.56 1.64 1.82
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75%25%40%60%25%75%
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12002
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kcal/kg
35404545552530354040452025303540152020253035
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21 2 3 4 kcal=kgkcal/kg*
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1=kcal55%-60%4kcal/g2=kcal20%~30%9kcal/g3=kcal12%~15%4kcal/g
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5
= 55%65%4 = 10%15%4 = 20%30%9 = + + = 100%
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P142123 P145
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35%40%25%==
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IBWP127()
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p14032175cm80kg
12 3 4 5 6 7 8
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P150
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2 =cm-- 105 = 70(kg)==801.75*1.75=26 30kcal/kgkcal=kgkcal/kg=70*30=2100kcal
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P1265
CHO60% PR 15% FAT25% 100%
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3 =15%4=210015%4=79g=25%9=210025%9=58g=60%4=210015%4=315g
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P14145
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=100 g
4 20%80%=31520%76.8%=82g=31580%74.3%=340g
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1A232/31/34
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P14612346
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5 3/460g250ml1/4=79g=827.7100+34010.4100= 42g=79-42=37g=37*75%=28g=37*25%=9g=28-60g-250ml20.2/100=63g=912.2/100=74g
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400g-550g
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=(2.4g/400g)(8g/100g)=58-2.4-?-?=30g6g10g
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100 g=g100 g100%
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P1603-21
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P150
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P160
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()1.780
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1) =-105=65 () 2) (80-65)65100%=23%()
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3) *// 65*30=1950/ 1950*15%/4=73 1950*25%/9=54 1950*60%/4=292 4) 1/52/52/5 1950*1/5=390 1950*2/5=780 1950*2/5=780
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5) 345.5 6) 0.51() (//) 1520-25*3035 15-20303540 20-25354040-50 *20Kcal/Kg/Day
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12345 120015001800 2100 2400 3.54.05.06.0 7.0 0.5 0.5 0.50.5 0.5 ()1 11 ( 111()2 2 23 3()500g 500g 500g 500g 500g()0.25 1.5 1.5 12 ()4 2 3 43 () 2 2 3 33
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CHO10%PRPR10-15% 90%CHOGI
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P133-136 P137-144 P145-156P159-164
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1122
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100 g=g100 g100
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123
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30%30%~40%30%-40%
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32175cm78kg,250ml1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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1BABBCE
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2 (1)756kJ(180kcal)4g38g
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(2)
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(3)
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(4)188kj(45kcal)5g1.5g3g
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(5)4-4-6188kJ(45kcal)5g
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3(gd)
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200kcal
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4 400g450g150g75g40g50g50glOOg25g8(40050)12425
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250g20g150g25g 200g50g300g)25g200g 200g 150g2150g(25g)
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150g25g215g 200g50g250g 200g lOOg25g250glOOg(20g)
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2-1234
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DRIsEARRNIAIUL55%-65%20%-30%10%-15%49430%40%30%BMI=KG M2
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(dietary reference intakes, DRIs)(recommended dietaryallowance,RDA)DRIs2000
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DRIs(estimated average requirement, EAR) (recommended nutrient intake, RNI) (adequate intake, AI) (tolerable upper intake level, UL)
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(EAR)RNI=EAR+2SDEAR10%RNI=1.2EAR(RNI)RDA(97%98%) (AI) (UL)
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DRIs1EARRNIEARRNI2ULUL
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DRIs1EAREAREAR2AIAI3ULUL
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45RNI67
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RNIAI
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12
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1 36
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36RNIs
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. 36104kJ(44kcal)60%361300~1700kcal. : 30%~35%, 14%~15%. 50%~60%.
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1kg160g364560g/50%6.5, 3009100,17, .
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30353%0.5%
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) 5060.
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800mgd2000mgd300mld600mld
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WHO8450gd800gd1
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1mg12mgd30mgdC
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2330g12mgd
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.RNI500600gd1UL 2000gd
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BB1B23BB1 B2B2B2B1B20.7mgd
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CCCC2000360mgd4670mgd
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1.(300600ml)
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30%1040%(3)30%810001500ml/d
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2. 1)1:200~300(600) 1100~125,,150150~200.
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2).:8~8.30 30%:11.30~12.40%(3):18.030%(20)3).
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()
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3350mg46450mg
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AAAUL2 000ugBB1B2CCC360mg4670 mg
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2002 51600 kcal
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1.(300600ml)30%1040%(3)30%810001500ml/d
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2. 1)1:200-300(600) 1100-125,,150150-200.2).:8-8.30 30%:11.30-12.40%(3):18.030%(20)3).
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36
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1 51600kcal
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2 555g14%30%35%30%=30%9=16030%9=53g=56%4=160015%4=224g
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3 34330%40%1=30%9=160030%=480kcal=30%=5530%=16.5g=30%=5330%=15.9g=30%=22430%=16.5g
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2=40%9=160040%=640kcal=40%=5540%=22.0g=40%=5340%=21.2g=30%=22440%=89.6g
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3=30%9=160030%=480kcal=30%=5530%=16.5g=30%=5330%=15.9g=30%=22430%=16.5g
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4 5 6 7 8
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ggkcalRNI%
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kcal (%)g(%)g(%)g(%)
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221120040 225%35%30%5-10% 312-14%30-35%50-60%
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3
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1034
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2008623-27
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163-54112323-51300-1600kcal/130016002=1450 kcal/
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14%30%56%=145014%4=51g=145030%9=48g=145056%4=203g
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30%40%30%1kcal=1450 kcal30%=435 kcalg=51 g 30%=15.3 gg=48 g 30%=14.4 gg=203 g 30%=60.9 g
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2kcal=580 kcalg=20.4 gg=19.2 gg=81.2 g3
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11450 kcal/55%15%30%=1450 kcal55%4 kcal/g=200g80%20%
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200g 80%=160g200g 20%=40g10076.8 g10075.9 g=16076.8/100=208 g=4075.9/100=53 g
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2=1450 kcal15%4 kcal/g=54g1007.7 g10011.2 g2087.7/100+5311.2/100=22 g5422=32g70%30%
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13270%=22.5 g100 g12.1 g3 g20.2 g17.3g55g6.6g200g0.6g30 g6.1g=22.56.60.66.1= 9.2g= 9.217.3/100= 53.2g
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23230%=9.5 g100 g8.2 g7.8 g50g4.1g=9.54.1= 5.4g= 5.47.8/100=69g
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3475~500g425g1616
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3230%40%
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=440.21433.6=30.7%=18.553.4=34.6%=53.441433.6=14.9%RNIs1230.7%39.9%29.4%
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543.6 g9.6 g
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2 612;13-18
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;
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55-6525-3015 15 25-30 55-65
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11-181000 mg7-10800 mgRNI7-1090ug11-13120ug14-18150ug
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AAARNI7-3700ugRE14-18800ugRE700ugREUL2 000ugREB1B1B2B2RNI71.0 mg1 11.2 mg14-181.5 mg1.2 mgCC780 mg1190 mg14-18100 mg
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:2002
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1 3-6
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AB2
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DHA36
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A
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3 13-18
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20-30%200 mg
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;
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2
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35012-152600Kcal15%30%40%
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2600Kcal40%15%30%55%=260015%440%=39g=260030%940%=35g=260055%440%=143g70%30%
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=14370%77.9/100=128g=14330%73.6/100=58g=1287.4/100+5811.2/100=16g=3916=23g2/31/3=232/3=16g=231/3=7g
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11 g=1117.1/100=65g=6565/100=100g5 g=518.3/100=27g=2786/100=31g7 g=78.1/100=86g=8690/100=96g250 g100 g130 g150 g180 g
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2001502700kcal2300kcal=100%=27002300100%=1.174=+=200+1501.174=411/=128g=128g411=52.608 kg
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36%40%25%
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123
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123456
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1WRF%=gg100%21AR%=100%2TR%=gg100%
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5
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=307.31484.2=20.7%=671.51484.2=45.2%=505.41484.2=34.1%
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51600kcal20.7%45.2%34.1%30%30%
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555 g14(g)=(kcal)(30~35)9(kcalg)=309=160030 %9=53(g)=(kcal) (56%)4(kcalg)= 564=1 600564=224 g
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304030 =30=l 600 30=480kCal=30%=5530%=16.5g=30%=5330%=15.9g=30%=22430%=67.2g
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=40==60040=640 kcal=40%=5540%=22.0g=40%=5340%=21.2g=30%=22440%=89.6g
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=30=l 600 30=480kCal=30%=5530%=16.5g=30%=5330%=15.9g=30%=22430%=67.2g
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A55 g
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2313
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100 g6.2g100g3.7g100 g3.1g100 g()0.6g=21.2-1150.6100-426.2100-523.7100=16g 3040%30
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100g =g100g100
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3 1.2.3.
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1BABBCE
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2 (1)756kJ(180kcal)4g38g
g5050505050
5075()40()250750
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(2)336kj(80kcal)5g15g
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g500750()500750500750()500750350250350350200350200250
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(3)378kj(90kcal)10g5g2g
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()(g)505050(500g8)1502525255020025030
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(4)188kj(45kcal)5g1.5g3g
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()(g)125()70()422025255141025
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(5)4-4-6188kJ(45kcal)5g:
(g)55()5
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3 (gd)
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(gd)
7.5MJ1800kcal10.0MJ2400kcal11.7MJ2800kcal3004005004004505001001502005075100254050505050505050100100100252525
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