Download - 初级组 Lesson 2
![Page 1: 初级组 Lesson 2](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022061403/5887f7451a28ab7d5c8b7055/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
LESSON 2THE HUMAN BODY
![Page 2: 初级组 Lesson 2](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022061403/5887f7451a28ab7d5c8b7055/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
SKELETON:206 BONESTHE PURPOSE OF THE SKELETON• Give shapes and firmness(坚固)• Provides levers for muscle to work• Protect the important organs• Produce blood• Storage mineral and others.
![Page 3: 初级组 Lesson 2](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022061403/5887f7451a28ab7d5c8b7055/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The major bones of the bodyThe skull• 28bones: 8 the cranium(头盖骨), 14 the face , 6 the ear ossicles*protect brain The vertebral column• Known as spine ,made up 33vertebrae• 5 regions : cervical ,thoracic , lumbar, sacrum and coccyx.
The ribs and breastbone• 12 pairs• 7 pairs are attached to breastbone. Last 2 pairs are front floating-ribs.
![Page 4: 初级组 Lesson 2](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022061403/5887f7451a28ab7d5c8b7055/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The appendages• Upper extremities: 64 bones• Lower extremities: 62 bones
![Page 5: 初级组 Lesson 2](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022061403/5887f7451a28ab7d5c8b7055/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: 初级组 Lesson 2](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022061403/5887f7451a28ab7d5c8b7055/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The structure and function of jointsIMMOVABLE:• Allowing no movement• Exp: the joint between the bones forming dome the skull.
MOVABLE:The movable joints• The ball and socket joints: exp = shoulder,hip joints• Hinged joints: exp =elbow joints• Slightly movable joints : exp= foot ,spine
![Page 7: 初级组 Lesson 2](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022061403/5887f7451a28ab7d5c8b7055/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
capsule
韧带软骨润滑液膜
![Page 8: 初级组 Lesson 2](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022061403/5887f7451a28ab7d5c8b7055/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The function of Muscles• Enable movement• Provides posture(姿势)• Heat production.
How muscles work
Voluntary muscles: (exp: ????)• under control• Movement is co-ordinate through the motor nerves.
Involuntary muscles : (exp:?????)• Vital organs,cant be controlled by the time .• Work all the time ,even when we sleep.