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胚騰小小兔Pattern II ss
陳竹一中央大學 電機系
GroupforReliable Computing
2005.07.06
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PATTERN.2
” 主角”…“豬腳”• 考生 --- 不會吧 ?! 是被折磨的對象。 --- 是的 ! 就是他
• 高中老師 --- 不會吧 ?! 跟著著急的對象。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 家長 --- 不會吧 ?! 也是跟著著急的對象。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 監考老師 --- 不會吧 ?! 數完考卷,領了錢就沒他事了。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 命題委員 --- 不會吧 ?! 出完考卷,領了錢就沒他事了。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 閱卷電腦 --- 不會吧 ?! 它又不會講話,會是它嗎 ? --- 是的 ! 就是它• 閱卷老師 --- 不會吧 ?! 又不知道”他”是誰 ? --- 是的 ! 就是他• 消防隊員 --- 不會吧 ?!” 他”沒被考。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 路人甲 --- 不會吧 ?! 干他何關。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 賣考古題的 --- 不會吧 ?! --- 是的 ! 就是他
• 最後您選定了誰 ? _________ 為何 ? _______________________________• ( 有沒有不在以上的對象 ?)
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PATTERN.3
契子
"Made in Germany"從
談起
商標 + 製造地
百靈果汁機打出的果汁又香又甜 !
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PATTERN.4
Outline• What Does Testing Play in IC Industry?
◎ 一樣米養百樣人• IC Development Flow
• What Is Testing?
• Where to Look for “Testing”?
• Test Errors
• The Challenges in Testing
• The Most Important in Testing -- 胚騰• Summary
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PATTERN.5
Outline
• What Does Testing Play in IC Industry?
◎ 一樣米養百樣人• IC Development Flow
• What Is Testing?
• Where to Look for “Testing”?
• Test Errors
• The Challenges in Testing
• The Most Important in Testing -- 胚騰• Summary
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PATTERN.6
• Labeling
• Feeling
• Marketing
…
What Is the Difference betweenthe 3.2 and 3.0 GHz CPU’s?
?
3.0G3.2G
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PATTERN.7
• By different designs- Groups, Spec’s …, or
• By different factories, or
• By testing (speed-sort)
How Are They Produced?
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PATTERN.8
一樣米養百樣人P4-3.2G Hz P4-3.0G Hz
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PATTERN.9
Speed Sort: Multiple Test Spec’s
Better
Spec-1 Spec-2
Good Bad
313 ps(3.2 GHz)
333 ps(3.0 GHz)
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PATTERN.10
The Cost of Poor Testing
• Intel sales 100M cpu per year
• $([email protected] – [email protected]) = NT$ 5,000
• Revenue loss = NT$ 500,000,000,000
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PATTERN.11
好的產品 :不僅是要有好的 設計、製造
更需要好的 測試
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PATTERN.12
IC Signed-Off by Test ManagerIn the near future
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PATTERN.13
Outline
• What Does Testing Play in IC Industry?
◎ 一樣米養百樣人• IC Development Flow• What Is Testing?
• Where to Look for “Testing”?
• Test Errors
• The Challenges in Testing
• The Most Important in Testing -- 胚騰• Summary
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PATTERN.14
IC Development Flow
Design
Layout
Process
WaferAccept
Test
Circuit Probe
Package
Final Test 1
Burn-In
Final Test 2
Sampling Test
Shipment
Wafer Test
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PATTERN.15
Test Applications and Objects
CP1
Package
Final Test 1
Burn-In
Final Test 2
Final Test 3
Gloss Test (open/short) Function TestRedundancy AnalysisInkingLaser Trimming
CP2
Temperature = 25˚C
Temperature = 80~90˚C, At-speed
Temperature = 0˚C
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PATTERN.16
Outline
• What Does Testing Play in IC Industry?
◎ 一樣米養百樣人• IC Development Flow
• What Is Testing?• Where to Look for “Testing”?
• Test Errors
• The Challenges in Testing
• The Most Important in Testing -- 胚騰• Summary
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PATTERN.17
What Is Testing?
•測試 – 是一個反覆 /循環的評估 /決策過程, 用來衡量標的物的能力相對於選定規格的適切性。
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PATTERN.18
Outline
• What Does Testing Play in IC Industry?
◎ 一樣米養百樣人• IC Development Flow
• What Is Testing?
• Where to Look for “Testing”?
• Test Errors
• The Challenges in Testing
• The Most Important in Testing -- 胚騰• Summary
Everywhere!!!
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PATTERN.19
IC Validation, Verification and Test Flow
Spec’s
Design
Manufacturing
Wafer Test
Burn-In
Final Test
Shipment
Customer’sNeed
Quality Control (QC)
Validation
Verification
SPCOn-site monitoring
WAT
On-site monitoring:
Wafer Acceptance Test:
Process parameters
Device parametersTesting:
. Chip function
.. Electrical parameters
Quality Assurance(QA)
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PATTERN.20
Outline
• What Does Testing Play in IC Industry?
◎ 一樣米養百樣人• IC Development Flow
• What Is Testing?
• Where to Look for “Testing”?
• Test Errors • The Challenges in Testing
• The Most Important in Testing -- 胚騰• Summary
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PATTERN.21
IC Development
Design Manufacturing Test
Idea ICD M T
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PATTERN.22
Perfect Testing
MGood
Bad
TPass
Fail
Y = G/N
N
@True yield
Yt = P/N@Test yield
Y = Yt
• Errors (systematic & random) may be introduced.
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PATTERN.23
Test Classification with Errors
M
N
Good
Bad
※ True yield: Y
• Manufacturing IC produced to be GOOD or BAD
TPass
Fail
※ Test yield: Yt
• Testing IC distinguished to be PASS or FAIL
Producer's risk:
Killing error
Consumer's risk:
Missing error
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PATTERN.24
Outline
• What Does Testing Play in IC Industry?
◎ 一樣米養百樣人• IC Development Flow
• What Is Testing?
• Where to Look for “Testing”?
• Test Errors
• The Challenges in Testing• The Most Important in Testing -- 胚騰• Summary
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PATTERN.25
Home Run Derby
Manufacturing
CHIP Testing
Design
?
IC Development Project
Vs.
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PATTERN.26
Hierarchy of Multi-Level Parameters
Process Parameters Diffusion, Oxidation, Metalization, …
Design Parameters Vth, Cox, µ, …
Circuit Parameters Delay, Power dissipationGain, Logic function, Waveform…
Characterization ParametersDelay, Power dissipationGain, Logic function, Waveform …
Test ParametersDelay, Power dissipationGain, Logic function, Waveform …
11MM
1010
11
100100
11KK
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PATTERN.27
Multi-Thread Diagram
• One parameter a degree of freedom
ComponentsTemp
Mismatch
Bias, Offset
Signal integrity
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PATTERN.28
Testing in Multi-Thread Diagram
=?=> To find
• Inscribed polygon -> No missing, more killing
•• Circumscribed polygon -> No killing, more missing
!!!??? But,……
Killing
Missing
Test point 1
Test point 2
Test point 4
Test point 3
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PATTERN.29
Outline
• What Does Testing Play in IC Industry?
◎ 一樣米養百樣人• IC Development Flow
• What Is Testing?
• Where to Look for “Testing”?
• Test Errors
• The Challenges in Testing
• The Most Important in Testing -- 胚騰
• Summary
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PATTERN.30
胚騰 良率不覺好,品質有煩惱,測試復測試,胚騰知多少。
由 pattern 可知。
!
Pattern 可使之 !
?
Pattern 何來 ?
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PATTERN.31
Outline
• What Does Testing Play in IC Industry?
◎ 一樣米養百樣人• IC Development Flow
• What Is Testing?
• Where to Look for “Testing”?
• Test Errors
◎大隊接力選拔• The Challenges in Testing
• The Most Important in Testing -- 胚騰• Summary
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PATTERN.32
” 主角”…“豬腳”• 考生 --- 不會吧 ?! 是被折磨的對象。 --- 是的 ! 就是他
• 高中老師 --- 不會吧 ?! 跟著著急的對象。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 家長 --- 不會吧 ?! 也是跟著著急的對象。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 監考老師 --- 不會吧 ?! 數完考卷,領了錢就沒他事了。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 命題委員 --- 不會吧 ?! 出完考卷,領了錢就沒他事了。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 閱卷電腦 --- 不會吧 ?! 它又不會講話,會是它嗎 ? --- 是的 ! 就是它• 閱卷老師 --- 不會吧 ?! 又不知道”他”是誰 ? --- 是的 ! 就是他• 消防隊員 --- 不會吧 ?!” 他”沒被考。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 路人甲 --- 不會吧 ?! 干他何關。 --- 是的 ! 就是他• 賣考古題的 --- 不會吧 ?! --- 是的 ! 就是他
• 最後您選定了誰 ? _________ 為何 ? _______________________________• ( 有沒有不在以上的對象 ?)
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PATTERN.33
理性 vs. 感性• 情感上, pattern 是測愈多愈好;
• 理性上,若不知道有多好,那測再多也沒用。
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PATTERN.34
理性 !感性 !