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Important Editorial from The Hindu
• Aadhar Intact
• Cost of flying
• Fuzzy forecasts
• Costly failure
• Root Causes
• Driverless
60 Challenging words from all the above articles:
1. Word: Subvert (विकत करना) • Pronunciation: suhb-vurt/सबवरट • Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning:
a. undermine the power and authority of (an
established system or institution).
• Synonyms: destabilize, unsettle,
overthrow, overturn
• Antonyms: bolster, enhance, comply
• Use in Sentence: The man was sentenced
to 10 years for plotting to subvert the
government.
2. Word: Inglorious (अपमानपरण) • Pronunciation: in-glawr-ee-uhs/इनगलोरीअस
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. (of an action or situation) causing shame
or a loss of honour.
b. not famous or renowned.
• Synonyms: dishonourable, ignominious,
discreditable, disgraceful
• Antonyms: divine, gorgeous, proud
• Use in Sentence: The so-called glorious
experiment came to an inglorious end.
3. Word: Speculation (विचार) • Pronunciation: spek-yuh-ley-shuh n/
सपकयलशन
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. a single instance or process of
consideration.
b. a conclusion or opinion reached by such
contemplation
• Synonyms: hypothesis, guess
• Antonyms: fact, truth
• Use in a Sentence: The company moved
quickly to cancel the speculation that it is
losing money.
4. Word: Misdemeanors (खराब आचरर) • Pronunciation: mis-di-mee-ner/मिससििीनर • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. a minor wrongdoing.
b. an instance of misbehavior; misdeed.
• Synonyms: crime, felony, offenses,
violations
• Antonyms: obedience
• Use in Sentence: Most charges were drug-
related misdemeanors.
5. Word: Hubris (अभिमान) • Pronunciation: hu-bris/हयबरिस
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. an excess of confidence; having too much
pride and personal worth
• Synonyms: pride, arrogance, insolence
• Antonyms: humility, humbleness, modesty
• Use in Sentence: The self-assured hubris
among economists was shaken in the late
1980s when the recession arrived.
6. Word: Entrenched (अतरनणहित) • Pronunciation: en-tren-ch-d/इनगरनगर
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. to establish an attitude, habit, or belief so
strongly that it is not likely to change
• Synonyms: fixed, inflexible, instilled
• Antonyms: vulnerable, adjustable,
unestablished
• Use in Sentence: Our soldiers have
entrenched themselves behind the battle
lines.
7. Word: Reiterate (दिराना) • Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning: say something again or a number
of times, typically for emphasis or clarity.
• Pronunciation: ree-it-uh-reyt/रीइररर
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• Synonyms: repeat, iterate, duplicate
• Antonyms: elapse, conceal, dismiss
• Use in a Sentence: Before an exam, my
teacher reiterated all the important points
8. Word: Akin (एक समान) • Pronunciation: uh-kin/ ऐकिन
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning: of similar character.
• Synonyms: alike, identical, equivalent
• Antonyms: dissimilar, contradictory,
inconsistent
• Use in a Sentence: Listening to her life
story was akin to reading a good
adventurous novel.
9. Word: Compliance (आजञापालन) • Pronunciation: kuh m-plahy-uh ns/
िमपलाइअनगस
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: the state or fact of according with
or meeting rules or standards.
• Synonyms: obedience, concurrence,
consent
• Antonyms: refusal, denial, defiance
• Use in a Sentence: The workers of the
factory must be monitored to ensure
compliance with the terms and conditions.
10. Word: Sheer (पररपरण) • Pronunciation: sheer/शीर • Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
• Meaning:
a. nothing other than; unmitigated (used for
emphasis). [Adjective]
b. completely; right. [Adverb]
• Synonyms: complete, absolute
• Antonyms: indefinite, incomplete
• Use in a Sentence: The boy giggled with
sheer delight.
11. Word: Put off (सथगित करना) • Pronunciation: poot-awf/पर ऑफ
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. an off-putting or unpleasant quality or
feature.
b. an evasive reply.
• Synonyms: postpone, delay, discourage
• Antonyms: succeed, carry out, achieve
• Use in Sentence: Don’t put off what you
can do today till tomorrow.
12. Word: Misnomer (भमथया नामी) • Pronunciation: mis-noh-mer/मिसनोिर
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. a wrong or inaccurate name or
designation.
b. a wrong or inaccurate use of a name or
term.
• Synonyms: misleading term, mislabelling,
false description
• Antonyms: appropriate designation, exact
name
• Use in Sentence: This name is a
misnomer and has necessarily gained a
contradictory implication.
13. Word: Contend (सघरण करना) • Pronunciation: kuh n-tend/िनगरनगि • Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning:
a. assert something as a position in an
argument.
b. struggle to surmount (a difficulty).
• Synonyms: cope with, withstand
• Antonyms: abandon, disown
• Use in a Sentence: The new President had
great difficulties to contend with.
14. Word: Distress (दःख िोना) • Pronunciation: dih-stres/डिसरस
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain. [Noun]
b. cause (someone) anxiety, sorrow, or
pain. [Verb]
• Synonyms: anguish, suffering
• Antonyms: comfort, pleasure
• Use in a Sentence: Jealousy causes
distress and painful emotions.
15. Word: Knee-jerk (सििाविक) • Pronunciation: nee-jurk/नी जिट • Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. (of a response) automatic and unthinking.
• Synonyms: natural, habitual
• Antonyms: crazy, strange
• Use in a Sentence: That was a knee-jerk
reaction on her part.
16. Word: Fallout (गिराि) • Pronunciation: fawl-out/फॉलाउर • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. the adverse results of a situation or
action.
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• Synonyms: consequence, outcome
• Antonyms: development
• Use in Sentence: Nearly 100 employees
lost their jobs in the fallout.
17. Word: Comply (सिीकार करना) • Pronunciation: kuhm-plahy/िमपलाइ • Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning:
a. act in accordance with a wish or
command.
b. (of an article) meet specified standards.
• Synonyms: observe, obey, adhere to,
conform to, follow, respect
• Antonyms: disobey, refuse, defy
• Use in a Sentence: When requested to
leave, they refused to comply.
18. Word: Curb (रनयतरर करना) • Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
• Pronunciation: kurb/िरट • Meaning: a check or restraint on
something.
• Synonyms: inhibit, hinder
• Antonyms: encourage, support
• Use in a Sentence: We are trying to keep a
curb on their activities.
19. Word: Entitlement (पातरता) • Pronunciation: en-tahy-tl-ment/एनगराइरलिनगर • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. the fact of having a right to something.
b. the amount to which a person has a right.
c. the belief that one is inherently deserving
of privileges or special treatment.
• Synonyms: prerogative, claim, allowance
• Antonyms: restriction, prohibition
• Use in Sentence: Successful applicants will
be able to build up entitlement to many
benefits such as concessionary loans and
scholarships.
20. Word: Glut (आगिकय) • Pronunciation: gluht/लर • Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
• Meaning:
a. an excessively abundant supply of
something. [Noun]
b. supply or fill to excess. [Verb]
• Synonyms: surplus, excess, surfeit,
superfluity, overabundance
• Antonyms: lack, abstain, dearth, suppress
• Use in Sentence: The fall in demand for
coffee could cause a glut on/in the market.
21. Word: (िविधयपरण) • Pronunciation: brawd-beyst/िॉि रसि • Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. wide-ranging; general
b. involving participation or support by a
broad spectrum of things or people:
• Synonyms: diverse, pervasive, all-
embracing
• Antonyms: duplicate, identical, similar,
akin
• Use in Sentence: With certain aims in
mind, the school operates a broad-based
curriculum.
21. Word: Allegedly (कगथत रप स) • Pronunciation: uh-lej-id-lee/अलसजडली • Part of Speech: Adverb
• Meaning:
a. used to convey that something is claimed
to be the case or have taken place, although
there is no proof.
• Synonyms: reportedly, supposedly,
reputedly, purportedly, ostensibly,
apparently
• Antonyms: accurately, certainly, actually,
exactly
• Use in Sentence: He lost his job for
allegedly being incapable.
22. Word: Reprimand (रनदा करना) • Pronunciation: rep-ruh-mand/रपरीिानगि • Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
• Meaning:
a.a formal expression of disapproval. [Noun]
b. address a reprimand (criticism) to. [Verb]
• Synonyms: admonition, reproach, reproval,
scolding, censure
• Antonyms: praise, commendation, reward,
applaud
• Use in a Sentence: The received a severe
reprimand for his behaviour.
23. Word: Envisage (विचार करना) • Pronunciation: en-viz-ij/एसनगवसिज
• Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning: contemplate or conceive of as a
possibility or a desirable future event.
• Synonyms: imagine, visualize, conceive
• Antonyms: unseen, undesirable
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• Use in Sentence: I can envisage
difficulties if you continue with this policy.
24. Word: Overhaul (परी जााच करक मरममत करना) • Pronunciation: oh-ver-hawl/ओवरॉटल
• Part of Speech:
• Meaning:
a) take apart (a piece of machinery or
equipment) in order to examine it and repair
it if necessary. [Verb]
b) overtake (someone), especially in a
sporting event. [Verb]
c) a thorough examination of machinery or a
system, with repairs or changes made if
necessary. [Noun]
• Synonyms: repair, improve, refurbish
• Antonyms: break down, rupture
• Use in a Sentence: The machinery needs a
complete overhaul.
25. Word: Rechristen (नया नाम दना) • Pronunciation: re-kris-uh n/रीकिसन
• Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning: give a new name to.
• Synonyms: anabaptize, rebrand, rename
• Antonyms: become obsolete, outdate, stale
• Use in a Sentence: The owner
rechristened the restaurant name.
26. Word: Laudable (परशसनीय) • Pronunciation: law-duh-buh l/ लॉिरल
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning: deserving praise and
commendation.
• Synonyms: praiseworthy, commendable,
admirable
• Antonyms: disgraceful, outrageous,
undeserving
• Use in a Sentence: My father's work for
charity is highly laudable.
27. Word: Visionary (अवयाििाररक) • Pronunciation: vizh-uh-ner-ee/ववशनरी • Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
• Meaning:
a. thinking about or planning the future with
imagination or wisdom. [Adjective]
b. relating to or having the ability to see
visions in a dream or trance, or as a
supernatural apparition. [Adjective]
c. a person with original ideas about what
the future will or could be like. [Noun]
• Synonyms: inspired, imaginative, creative,
inventive, insightful
• Antonyms: practical, realistic, calculable
• Use in a Sentence: The ideas of a
visionary may seem impractical to us.
28. Word: Mere (एकमातर) • Pronunciation: meer/िीर • Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning: used to emphasize how small or
insignificant someone or something is.
• Synonyms: sheer, scant, utter
• Antonyms: powerful, blighted
• Use in a Sentence: It was certainly more
to than this mere opportunism.
29. Word: Cater (आिशयकताओ का धयान रखना) • Pronunciation: key-ter/िरर • Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning:
a. provide people with food and drink at a
social event or other gatherings.
b. provide with what is needed or required.
• Synonyms: oblige, serve, accommodate,
receive
• Antonyms: deprive, displeased, devoid
• Use in a Sentence: Schools cater all the
needs of their children.
30. Word: Radically (आिशयक रप स) • Pronunciation: rad-ik-lee/रडिकली • Part of Speech: Adverb
• Meaning: in a thorough or fundamental
way; completely.
• Synonyms: extremely, absolutely, entirely
• Antonyms: moderately, superficially,
inconsiderably
• Use in a Sentence: The health service
must be radically reformed.
31. Word: Utter (अतयनत) • Pronunciation: uht-er/अरर • Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning: complete; absolute.
• Synonyms: thorough, perfect, total, sheer
• Antonyms: incomplete, uncertain, curtail,
neglect
• Use in a Sentence: The meeting was a
complete and utter waste of time.
32. Word: Fraught (वयाकल) • Part of Speech: Adjective
• Pronunciation: frawt/फरॉर • Meaning: causing or affected by anxiety or
stress.
• Synonyms: anxious, diligent
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• Antonyms: devoid, calm
• Use in a Sentence: Their marriage has
been fraught with difficulties.
33. Word: Retreat (रनरणय बदलना) • Pronunciation: ri-treet/रीरीर • Part of Speech: Verb/Noun
• Meaning:
a. an act of changing one's mind or plans as
a result of criticism or difficulty. [Noun]
b. (of an army) withdraw from enemy forces
as a result of their superior power or after a
defeat. [verb]
c. withdraw to a quiet or secluded place.
[verb]
• Synonyms: recede, depart
• Antonyms: remain, progression
• Use in a Sentence: The man made a
tactful retreat before they started arguing.
34. Word: Sanguine (विशिासपरण) • Pronunciation: sang-gwin/सगववन
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. optimistic or positive, especially in an
apparently bad or difficult situation.
• Synonyms: hopeful, confident
• Antonyms: pessimistic, unhappy
• Use in Sentence: The man tends to take a
sanguine view of the problems involved.
35. Word: Benign (दयाल) • Pronunciation: bih-nahyn/बररनाइन
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. gentle and kind.
b. (of a disease) not harmful in effect.
• Synonyms: benevolent, sympathetic
• Antonyms: hostile, malignant
• Use in a Sentence: The results of this
medicine are fairly benign.
36. Word: Notoriously (कखयात रप स) • Pronunciation: noh-tawr-ee-uh s-
lee/नोरोरीअसली • Part of Speech: Adverb
• Meaning:
a. used to emphasize that a quality or fact,
typically a bad one, is well known.
• Synonyms: terribly, prominently
• Antonyms: generously, worthily
• Use in a Sentence: The television world
was a notoriously fickle one.
37. Word: Whimsical (अदित) • Pronunciation: hwim-zi-kuh l/सहवसमपििल
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. playfully quaint or fanciful, especially in
an appealing and amusing way.
b. acting or behaving in a capricious
manner.
• Synonyms: capricious, mischievous,
impulsive
• Antonyms: reasonable, ordinary
• Use in a Sentence: Much of his writing has
a whimsical quality.
38. Word: Flare-up (दिा) • Pronunciation: flair-up/फलर अप
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: a sudden outburst of something,
especially violence or hostility.
• Synonyms: eruption, blaze, burst
• Antonyms: silence, pause, calm
• Use in a Sentence: There has been a
flare-up of violence in that area.
39. Word: Speculative (अवयििायण) • Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. engaged in, expressing, or based on
conjecture rather than knowledge.
b. (of an investment) involving a high risk of
loss.
• Pronunciation: spek-yuh-ley-tiv/सपकयलटरव
• Synonyms: risky, uncertain, tentative
• Antonyms: definite, certain, proven
• Use in a Sentence: She had a speculative
glow in her eyes.
40. Word: Hedge (रोकना) • Pronunciation: hej/रज
• Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning:
a. limit or qualify (something) by conditions
or exceptions.
• Synonyms: evade, put off
• Antonyms: expose, release
• Use in a Sentence: Buying new flat may be
a hedge against inflation.
41. Word: Disservice (कषरत) • Pronunciation: dis-sur-vis/डिससववटस
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. a harmful action.
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• Synonyms: unkindness, bad turn, ill turn,
disfavor, mischief;
• Antonyms: benevolence, benefit,
advantage
• Use in a Sentence: The man did his cause
great disservice by concealing the truth.
42. Word: Arbitrary (इचछािीन) • Pronunciation: ahr-bi-trer-ee?आबररटररी • Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning: based on random choice or
personal whim, rather than any reason or
system.
• Synonyms: irrational, inconsistent, freakish
• Antonyms: reasonable, circumspect,
objective
• Use in a Sentence: Her supposition was
arbitrary, based on no valid proof.
43. Word: Leeway (िजाइश) • Pronunciation: lee-wey/ लीव • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: the amount of freedom to move
or act that is available.
• Synonyms: space, range, extent
• Antonyms: adjust, embargo, hallway
• Use in a Sentence: I have got a lot of
leeways to make up things.
44. Word: Anticipation (अगरदषटि) • Pronunciation: an-tis-uh-pey-shuh n/ऐसनगरसपशन
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. the action of anticipating something;
expectation or prediction.
• Synonyms: hope, forethought,
apprehension
• Antonyms: amazement, surprise,
astonishment
• Use in Sentence: We look forward to your
lecture with eager anticipation.
45. Word: Onset (परारि) • Pronunciation: on-set/ऑनगसर • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. the beginning of something, especially
something unpleasant.
• Synonyms: start, arrival, (first)
appearance, opening
• Antonyms: conclusion, end, destination,
cessation
• Use in Sentence: Her first hit record
marked the onset of an astonishing career.
46. Word: Demarcate (रनिाणररत करना) • Pronunciation: dih-mahr-keyt/डििािर • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. to mark the limits or boundaries of
something
b. separate or distinguish from.
• Synonyms: delimit, define, restrict, divide
• Antonyms: connect, join, align,
amalgamate
• Use in a Sentence: Transparency will
demarcate the value creators and
destroyers.
47. Word: Entails (क भलए आिशयक िोना) • Pronunciation: en-teyl/एनगरल
• Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
• Meaning:
a. involve (something) as a necessary or
inevitable part or consequence. [Verb]
b. a limitation of the inheritance of property
to certain heirs over a number of
generations. [Noun]
• Synonyms: necessitates, requires,
demands
• Antonyms:
• Use in Sentence: This project entails a lot
of hard work.
48. Word: Perennially (रनरतर) • Pronunciation: puh-ren-ee-uh l-y/परनीअली • Part of Speech: Adverb
• Meaning:
a. in a way that continues for a long or
apparently infinite time; permanently.
• Synonyms: everlastingly, constantly
• Antonyms: never, briefly
• Use in a Sentence: We want to know what
is perennially new about the world.
49. Word: Fracas (कोलािल) • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: a noisy disagreement or
commotions
• Pronunciation: fra-cas/फरिस
• Synonyms: disturbance, quarrel, scuffle,
brawl, affray, tussle
• Antonyms: agreement, calm, harmony
• Use in a Sentence: The husband and wife
were fined by the judge for starting a fracas
in court.
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50. Word: Gamut (सार पिल) • Pronunciation: gam-uh t/गिर • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: the complete range or scope of
something.
• Synonyms: spectrum, scale, series
• Antonyms: individual, angle
• Use in a Sentence: College life opened up
a whole gamut of new experiences.
51. Word: Minuscule (बित सकषम) • Pronunciation: min-uh-skyool/मिनसकयल
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning: extremely small; tiny.
• Synonyms: diminutive, little
• Antonyms: huge, gigantic
• Use in a Sentence: The chances of getting
the disease are minuscule.
52. Word: Redressal (सिार करना) • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. Act of correcting an error or a fault or an
evil
b. A sum of money paid in compensation for
loss or injury
• Pronunciation: redress-al
• Synonyms: redress, remedy, remediation,
amends
• Antonyms: damage, blighted, wrong
• Use in a Sentence: The Manager shall keep
record of complaints and the redressal
actions by the branch.
53. Word: Extraneous (असमबदि) • Pronunciation: ik-strey-nee-uhs/एकसरनीअस
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. irrelevant or unrelated to the subject
being dealt with.
b. of external origin.
• Synonyms: irrelevant, immaterial, extrinsic
• Antonyms: appropriate, pertinent
• Use in a Sentence: We shall ignore factors
extraneous to the problem.
54. Word: Midst (मधयषसथरत) • Part of Speech: Noun, Preposition
• Pronunciation: /मिडसर • Meaning:
a. the middle part or point. [Noun]
b. in the middle of. [Preposition]
• Synonyms: amid, center, heart, mean
• Antonyms: outside, edge, border
• Use in a Sentence: The house is set in the
midst of large gardens.
55. Word: Retrograde (पररतिामी) • Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
• Meaning:
a. directed or moving backwards. [Adjective]
b. reverting to an earlier and inferior
condition. [Adjective]
c. go back in position or time. [Noun]
• Pronunciation: re-truh-greyd/ररगरि • Synonyms: reverse, rearward, regressive,
downhill,
• Antonyms: progress, advance, modern
• Use in a Sentence: The closure of the
factories is seen as a retrograde step.
56. Word: Ire (करोि) • Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: anger
• Pronunciation: ahyuhr/आइर • Synonyms: outrage, temper, rage, fury,
wrath
• Antonyms: happiness, calmness, amiability
• Use in a Sentence: He snares ire my
troubles as well as in my joys.
57. Word: Embolden (सािस दना) • Part of Speech: Verb
• Pronunciation: em-bohl-duh n/एमपरोलिन
• Meaning: give (someone) the courage or
confidence to do something.
• Synonyms: encourage, inspire, fortify
• Antonyms: discourage, dishearten
• Use in a Sentence: His success
emboldened him to develop his business.
58. Word: Inordinate (अतयगिक) • Pronunciation: in-awr-dn-it/इनॉिटननर
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
a. unusually or disproportionately large;
excessive.
b. (of a person) unrestrained in feelings or
behaviour.
• Synonyms: outrageous, exorbitant,
unreasonable
• Antonyms: perfectionist, modest, moderate
• Use in a Sentence: They spent an
inordinate quantity of time and money on
the production.
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59. Word: Vigil (जाित िोना) • Pronunciation: vij-uh l/ववजल
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
a. wakefulness maintained for any reason
during the normal hours for sleeping.
b. a watch or a period of watchful attention
maintained at night or at other times
• Synonyms: vigilance, observance
• Antonyms: inattentiveness, sleep
• Use in a Sentence: My father told the
gatekeeper to keep vigil.
60. Word: Desist (बद कर दना) • Pronunciation: dih-zist/डिमससर • Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning: stop doing something; cease or
abstain.
• Synonyms: abstain, refrain, forbear
• Antonyms: continue, endure, resume
• Use in a Sentence: The warriors have been
ordered to desist from shooting their rifles.
•
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