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Analele Universit ii Constantin Brncui din Trgu Jiu, Seria Inginerie, Nr. 3/2010
Annals of the Constantin Brncui University of Trgu Jiu, Engineering Series, Issue 3/2010
270
REDUCEREA COSTURILOR DEFUNCTIONARE CU AJUTORULSISTEMULUI DE INFORMARE
GEOGRAFICA ACSTRE
Radi Pipev,Krasimir Velinov
St.IvanRilskiUniversitateadeMineritsiGeologie
Abstract
Aceasta lucrare descrie un sistem pentru
proiectare, control si intretinere iluminat
stradal.
Acesta este un sistem de informare
geografica bazata pe internet si un set de
resurse hardware controlere Web, modem-
uri GSM si contoare electrice instalate in
cutiile pentru iluminat stradal. Prin
intermediul acestora, este posibila
gestionarea proceselor zilnice si
simplificarea si automatizarea activitatilor
specialistilor.
Cuvinte cheie: sistem de informare
geografica, controlere Web, iluminat stradal,
proiectare, control si intretinere.
INTRODUCEREPrincipalele responsabilitati in
utilizarea sistemelor de iluminat stradal (SLS)
sunt urmatoarele [8]:
- Mentinerea parametrilor de iluminatale SLS prin inlocuirea adecvata a
componentelor defecte si curatareacorespunzatoare a accesoriilor iluminatului;
- Asigurarea unei coordonari adecvatepentru aprinderea si stingerea iluminatului
stradal;
REDUCTION OF OPERATINGCOSTS THROUGH THE
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
SYSTEM ACSTRE
Radi Pipev,Krasimir Velinov
St.IvanRilskiUniversityofMiningandGeology
Abstract
The report describes a system for design,
control and maintenanceof street lighting.
This is a Web based geographic
information system and set of hardware
resources - Web controllers, GSM modems
and electric meters installed in the cassettes
for street lighting. Through it, it is possible to
manage the daily ongoing processes and to
simplify and automate the work of thespecialists.
Keywords:geographic information system, Webcontrollers, street lighting, design, control and
maintenance.
INTRODUCTION
The main tasks in the operation of streetlighting systems (SLS) are, as follows [8]:
- Maintenance of the lighting parametersof SLS through timely replacement of the
defective components and regular cleaning
of lighting fixtures;- Ensuring the accurate timing for
switching on and off the street lighting;- Execution of emergency works for
elimination of unexpected failures;- Monthly accounting and analysis of
energy costs and realization of SLS energy
saving programs;
- Reconstruction of morally or physically
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271
- Realizarea lucrarilor urgente pentru a
elimina defectiuni neasteptate;
- Contabilizarea lunara si analizacosturilor cu energia si realizarea
programelor de economisire a energiei SLS;- Reconstructia unor SLS demodate din
punct de vedere moral sau fizic;-Masuratori periodice ale nivelului
tensiunii si curentului, in puncte specifice decontrol;
- Acceptarea si darea in exploatare a
unor noi SLS;- Utilizarea componentelor scoase din
uz lampi, dipozitive de control, accesoriiiluminat, etc.
Pe baza solicitarilor mentionate mai
sus, o echipa a programului, realizata dinprofesori agregati, doctoranzi si studenti
obisnuiti de la Universitatea Tehnica dinSofia, St. Ivan Rilski Universitate de Minerit
si Geologie si societatea UNICOMMICROSISTEMI EOOD au realizat un
sistem comun pentru administrarea siintretinerea SLS.
Acesta reprezinta o combinatie a
sistemelor de informare geografica si a unuinumar de dispozitive hardware - controlere
Web, modem-uri GSM si contoare electrice,montate in cadrul cutiilor de iluminat stradal
(SLB). Prin intermediul acestui sistem,actualele procese tehnologice pot fi controlate
zilnic si activitatea expertilor cu intretinereaSLS poate fi usurata si automatizata[1-7].
TEHNOLOGIE PENTRU
ADMINISTRAREA SI CONTROLUL
ILUMINATULUI STRADAL
Iluminatul stradal din Bulgaria este
actionat de o retea, separata de reteauacomuna, care este alcatuita din cutii separate.
Cutiile sunt actionate de cutiile adiacente aletransformatorului. Cateva bifurcatii ale
cablurilor pentru iluminatul stradal (circuiteelectrice) provin din fiecare cutie. Un oras de
marime medie are in jur de 100-150 cutii,
care ilumineaza 3000-4000 accesorii de
outdated SLS;
-Periodic measurement of the voltage and
current levels in specific control points;- Acceptance and commissioning of new
SLS;- Utilization of going-out-of-use
components lamps, control gear, lightingfixtures, etc.
Based on the above requirements, a
program team, consisting of associate
professors, PhD students and regular studentsof the Technical University Sofia, St. Ivan
Rilski University of Mining and Geology andthe company UNICOM MICROSISTEMI
EOOD has created a common system formanagement and maintenance of SLS.
It represents a combination of
geographic information system and a number
of hardware devices Web controllers, GSMmodems and electrometers, mounted within
the street lighting boxes (SLB). By means ofthe system the current technological
processes can be controlled on a daily basisand the work of the SLS maintenance experts
could be facilitated and automated [1-7].
TECHNOLOGY FOR MANAGEMENT
AND CONTROL OF STREET
LIGHTING
The street lighting in Bulgaria is
powered by a network, separate from the
communal network, consisting of separateboxes. The boxes are powered by the adjacent
transformer posts. Several street lightingcable branches (electric circuits) come out
from each box. A middle-sized town hasabout 100 150 boxes, powering 3000
4000 street lighting fixtures and the operationof street lighting requires considerable
efforts, if conventional means are used. In
this specific case a system for street lightingcontrol and collection of information, related
to the condition of the operation mode of theseparate branches through Web controllers,
mounted in the boxes and connected to
GSM/GPRS devices is used. Each controller
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Annals of the Constantin Brncui University of Trgu Jiu, Engineering Series, Issue 3/2010
272
iluminat stradal iar actionarea iluminatului
stradal necesita eforturi considerabile, in
cazul in care sunt utilizate mijloaceleconventionale. In acest caz, este utilizat un
sistem pentru controlul iluminatului stradal siadunarea informatiilor, cu referire la situatia
modului de functionare a bransamentelorseparate prin controlere Web, pozitionate in
cutii si conectate la dispozitive GSM/GPRS.Fiecare controler poate actiona, in mod
independent, aprinderea bransamentelor
speciale din cutii, in conformitate cu unprogram prestabilit sau cu un semnal de la
statia de coordonare si primeste informatiireferitoare la starea echipamentului, prin
contoare electrice. Se inregistreaza sarciniledin bransamente separate si informatiile sunt
transmise inapoi, la statia de coordonare prindispozitiv DSM/GPRS. Informatiile actuale
pot semnala defectiuni ale instalatiilorelectrice sau furt de electricitate.
Figura 1 prezinta, schematic,administrarea si controlul iluminatului
stradal, actionat de doua cutii. Comenzilecatre cutie sunt trimise de controler prin
actionarea conectorilor din cutia existenta.
Un protocol TCP/IP, standard, pentrumediul Internetului este utilizat pentru a
transmite informatii. Conectarea controleruluila Internet poate fi stabilita in doua feluri:
[12] Printr-un modul specializatpentru sistemul LonWorks, care este alcatuit
dintr-un GSM cu un card SIM, standard;
[13] ptin LAN, disponibil in oras.Cele doua modalitati de comunicare
sunt prezentate in Fig. 1
can command independently the switching-on
of the separate branches in the boxes, in
accordance with a predetermined program ora signal from the dispatch station and receive
information about the condition of theequipment through electrometers. The loads
in the separate branches are recorded and thedata is transmitted back to the dispatch
station through GSM/GPRS devices. Thecurrent information can signal about
electrical installation failures or thefts of
electricity.Figure 1 shows schematically the
management and control of the streetlighting, powered by two boxes. The
commands to the box are sent by controllerthrough actuation of the contactors in the
existing box.A standard TCP/IP protocol for the
Internet environment is used to transmit thedata. The connection of the controller to
Internet can be established in two ways:-through a specialized module for the
LonWorks system, consisting of a GSM with
a standard SIM card;-through the LAN, available in the
town.The two ways of communication are
illustrated in Fig. 1
WEB -
-1 - 1
-1 - 2
-1 - n
-1 - 3-2- 3
-2 - n
-2 - 2
-2 - 1
-3 - 1-4 - 1
-3 - 2-4 - 2
-3 - 3-4 - 3
-3 - n-4 - n -4 - n
-4 - 3
-4 - 2
-4 - 1
-2 - 1
-2 - 2
-2 - n
-2 - 3
-3 - n
-3 - 3
-3 - 2
-3 - 1
-1 - 3
-1 - n
-1 - 2
-1 - 1
-
LAN
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Annals of the Constantin Brncui University of Trgu Jiu, Engineering Series, Issue 3/2010
273
Fig. 1. Transmitting data and commands through GSM and LAN connection
Rezumatul de mai sus este realizat prin
intermediul unui software si hardware. Parteasoftware este realizata prin intermediul unuisistem de informare geografica, GIS
ACSTRESL, pentru intretinerea iluminatuluistradal. Utilizarea hardware se bazeaza pe
controlerul i.Lon Smart Server Web.
ACTIONARE SOFTWARE
Sistemul software, ACSTRE -
Iluminat stradal GIS, care ne este oferit,
are urmatoarele optiuni:
Utilizatorul primeste o aplicatiesoftware, autorizata integral sistem de
informare geografica, care permite
utilizarea si referinte spatiale aleinformatiilor referitoare la parametrii
liniilor si instalatiilor din firma carefurnizeaza servicii de iluminat stradal.
Cadastrul acestui amplasament va fireprezentat intr-un format fazorial, dar
se poate lucra si in format retea.Utilizatorul poate crea o imaginedigitala a componentelor de iluminatstradal si un cadastru subteran al retelei
de cablu, prin intermediul unui sistem.
Aplicatia software este deschisa si poatefi conectata la alte sisteme analogice saula noi functii, permitand obtinerea unor
noi informatii, calcule sau pot fi
adaugate functii de dispecerat.
Modulul de aplicare poate fi utilizat
pentru a realiza analize si pentru a lua
decizii, dar si pentru a calcula sicontrola implementarea deciziilor
recente .
Sistemul comunica intr-un mediuInternet prin intermediul unui protocolTCP/IP prin controlerele instalate in
cutiile pentru iluminatul stradal,timitand comenzi pentru a porni sau opri
bransamente separate ale accesoriilor de
iluminat, actionat de cutii pentru
The above outline is realized by
software and hardware means. The softwarepart is realized by means of the geographicinformation system for maintenance of the
street lighting GIS ACSTRE SL. Thehardware realization is based on the i.Lon
Smart Server Web controller.
SOFTWARE REALIZATION
The offered ACSTRE -Street
lighting GIS software system provides thefollowing options:
1. The user gets a fully licensed softwareapplication geographical information
system, allowing the input and spatialreference of data concerning the
parameters of the lines and installationsof the servicing street lighting
enterprise. The cadastre of the
settlement shall be represented in a
vector format, but it is also possible towork in a raster format.
2. The user can create a digital image of
the street lighting components and anunderground cadastre of the cablenetwork by means of the system.
3. The software application is open and
can be connected with other analogicalsystems or new functions, allowing the
collection of additional information,calculations or dispatcher functions can
be added.4. The application modules can be used for
analyses and decision making, as well as
for accounting and control of theimplementation of the latter decisions.
5. The system communicates in an Internetenvironment through the TCP/IP
protocol through the controllers installedin the street lighting boxes, sending
commands for switching on and off ofseparate branches of lighting fixtures,
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iluminat stradal, primind informatii de
feedback referitoare la incarcatura
bransamentului, schema de alimentare afiecarui bransament din cutiile de
iluminat stradal, fiind o alarma pentrulampile de siguranta, situatiile urgente
sau pentru incercarile de a furaelectricitate.
ACTIONAREHARDWARE
Controlerul i.Lon 100 Internet Server (Fig.
2) functioneaza ca baza pentru realizareahardware-ului.
Arhitectura controlerului este bazata pe un
procesor Neuron. (Fig. 3).Administrarea iluminatului ofera doua
variante:pornirea si inchiderea circuitului
electric in cutiile pentru iluminat stradal siajustarea individuala a fluxului de lumina la
fiecare corp de iluminat. Nu este necesaramontarea unor cabluri conductoare,
suplimentare.Administrarea iluminatului stradal ofera doua
variante: pornirea si inchiderea circuituluielectric in LB si controlarea individuala a
fluxului de lumina la fiecare corp de iluminat.Nu este necesara montarea unor cabluriconductoare, suplimentare.
powered by the street lighting boxes,
receiving feedback information about
the separate branch loads, the loadschedule of each branch in the street
lighting box, alarming for fused lamps,emergency situations or attempts to steal
electricity.
HARDWARE REALIZATION
The i.Lon 100 Internet Server controller(Fig. 2) serves as a basis for the hardware
realization.The controllers architecture is based on a
Neuron processor. (Fig. 3).
The management of the lighting providestwo options: switching on and off of the
electric circuits in the street lighting boxes
and individual regulation of the light flux ofeach lamp. The laying of an additional
conductive cable is not necessary.The management of the street lighting allows
two options: turning on and off the electriccircuits in the LB and individually controlling
of the luminous flux of each lamp. The layingof additional control cable is not necessary.
Fig. 2. Exterior of the i.Lon 100 Internet
Server controller (Fig. 2)
Fig. 3. Internal structure of the controller.
MediaAccess
CPU
NetworkCPU
E2PROM512Bytes
RAM1KBytes/2KBytes
(3150)
CommunicationPort, 1,25MBit/s
8-Bit Data Bus
16-Bit Address Bus
Timing & Control
Con-
trol
Clock+Timers
I /O 0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .I /O 10 CP 0 .. .. ..CP 4Service
Reset
Vss6
6
4
Appli-cationCPU
ROM
(Firmware)10KBytes
(3120)
Application I/O Block2x16-Bit-Zhler, 20mA-Driver, Pull-ups, SPI, Uart,
Parallel I/O, PWM, Dual slope A/D, Quadratur-Dek.
externes Bus-
Interface (3150)
Clock(
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Fig. 4. External view of SLB control example.INFORMATII SEMANTICE
Fiecare element al modelului digitalare atasate informatii relevante, in functie detipul elementului - SLB, stalp, corp de
iluminat, camin pentru cabluri si etc.
Alimentarea cu informatii trebuie sa fierealizata, initial, de un operator, cu asistenta
unui editor, construit in program. In programsunt incluse functii de copiere si introducere a
informatiilor constante, pentru un numar deobiecte identice.
CELE MAI IMPORTANTE
FUNCTII, SOLUTIONATE DE
SISTEMUL DE ADMINISTRARE,
INCLUD:
- Mentinerea setului unidimensional si
precizarea semnelor arbitrare pentruvizualizarea componentelor si echipamentului
iluminatului stradal.- Mentinerea unei baze de date cu specificatii
si indrumar al echipamentului mentionat mai
sus.- Prezentarea schemei cu rute ale liniilor decablu, indicate in acel sistem.
- Prezentarea listelor cu informatii mentionate
de grup cu referire la elemente ale cablului.- Calcularea caderii voltajului in mod normalsi in cazul unei urgente.
- Calculul distributiei luminantei in zonaspecifica a SLB.
- Prezentarea situatiei corpurilor de iluminatsi memento pentru inlocuirea corpurilor de
iluminat.
SEMANTIC DATA
Relevant data is attached to eachelement from the digital model depending on
the type of the element - SLB, pole,
luminaire, cable, cable pit and etc. The data
input should be done initially by an operator
with the assistance of the editor, built in the
program. Functions for copying data and
inputting of uniform data for a number of
identical objects are included in the program.
THE MORE IMPORTANT TASKS,
SOLVED BY THE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM, INCLUDE:
- Maintaining the required set of linear and
point arbitrary signs for visualization of the
street lighting components and equipment.- Maintaining a database of specifications and
passports of the above mentioned equipment.- Display of layouts with the routes of the
cable lines, indicated in the respective scale.- Display of listings with specified data for
group of cable line elements.- Calculation of voltage drops in normal and
emergency mode.- Calculation of the distribution of luminance
in the area referred to specific SLB.- Display of the status of luminaries and
reminder for the lamp replacement.
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- Aprecierea consumului de energie, analize
ale curentului consumat si semnalizarea
lampilor arse, scurt-circuite partiale ale unorlegaturi neautorizate la consumatori electrici.
In figurile 5 13 sunt prezentate ecranepentru pasii tipici in activitatea cu produs
software product ACSTRE-SL, prin care suntilustrate capacitatile de functionare, descrise
mai sus.
Sistemul opereaza cu MS Windows.Procesarea informatiilor din cadastru pentru
un oras mare necesita o frecventa aprocesorului de 1GHz sau mai mult. Acest
volum de informatii este de ordinul 100 MB.
- Consideration of energy consumption,
analyses of the consumed power and
signaling of burned lamps, partial shortcircuits or unauthorized connections of
electrical consumers.On figures 5 13 screenshots are shown
of typical steps in the work with the softwareproduct ACSTRE-SL, illustrating the
operating capabilities described above.
The system operates under MS Windows.The processing of cadaster data for a large
city requires 1GHz processor frequency ormore. The respective volume of data is of the
order of 100 MB.
Fig. 5. Diagram of some of the measured
parameters
Fig. 6. Data for Arm element
Fig. 7. Data for group of SLB Fig. 8. Data for Light source (Lamps)
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Fig. 9 Color diagram showing the time of being
"on" of a group of luminaries Fig. 10. Cable network topology
Fig. 11. Properties of selected pole and its
luminaire(s).
Fig. 12. Report about the consumed electrical
energy for a selected luminaire(s)
Fig. 13. Report about the time being on of a group of luminaries
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REDUCEREA COSTURILOR
OPERATIONALE ALE ILUMINATULUI
STRADAL
In mod normal, problema este la ceparametrii ai costurilor operationale vom
avea o valoare minima a costurilor anuale aleSLS (an min) avand in vedere faptul ca
indicatorii cantitatii nominale si cei calitativi
ai sistemului de iluminat sunt respectati.Costurile anuale ale SLS y sunt egale
cu:(1)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )an y ay ry MF MF MF MF= + +
unde:ey costuri anuale ale energiei electrice,luand in calcul consumul in exces al energiei
electrice, cauzat de efectul de supapa alcorpurilor de iluminat;
ay indemnizatii anuale de amortizare a
SLS;
oy costurile anuale, operationale, care
sunt egale cu:
(2) oy cy lry ly = + +
unde:cy costurile anuale pentru curatare
accesorii de iluminat (LF),
lry costuri anuale pentru inlocuireacorpurilor de iluminat,
ly costurile anuale ale corpurilor deiluminat.
Toate componentele costurilor anualeale SLS depind de valoarea factorului de
intretinere MF.
Pentru a evalua rentabilitatea investitiei
pe durata solutionarii misiunii de mai sus, afost adoptata metoda Valorii Nete Actuale(VNA), luand in calcul posibilele avantaje
pentru investirea alternativa a sumelorinvestitiei initiale. Simplificand, se poate
mentiona ca dobanda anuala este luata incalcul, atat cat este acceptata atunci cand
investitia este realizata prin credit si procentul
de dobanda la credit este o crestere naturala ainvestitiei alternative.
Scopul metodei este sa transformam
REDUCING THE OPERATIONAL
COSTS OF STREET LIGHTING
Naturally the question arises at whatparameters of the operational costs we shallhave a minimum of the annual costs of SLS
(an min) provided that the normativequantitative and qualitative indicators of the
lighting systems are satisfied.
The annual costs of SLS y are equalto:
(1)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )an y ay ry MF MF MF MF= + +where:
ey annual costs of electrical energy,taking into account the excess consumptionof electrical energy , caused by the valve
effect of the lamps;
ay annual amortization allowances of
SLS;
oy annual operational costs, which in turnare equal to::
(2) oy cy lry ly = + +
where:
cy annual costs of lighting fixturesclearing (LF),
lry annual costs of lamp replacement,
ly annual costs of lamps.All components of the SLS annual costs
depend on the value of the maintenancefactor MF.
In order to evaluate the profitability ofinvestment during the solution of the above
task the method of Net Present Value (NPV)
has been adopted, taking into account the
possible benefits from alternative investmentof the initial investment amounts. Withcertain simplification it can be assumed that
the annual interest is taken into account, asoften it is accepted that the investment is
provided through a credit and then the creditinterest rate is the natural appraisal of the
alternative investment.
The essence of the method is to convertthe future cash flows to the present moment.
The mathematic record of this conversion is
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viitoarele fluxuri de numerar in momentul
prezent. Inregistrarea matematica a acestei
conversii este exprimata prin:
(3) ( )1 TR
PV i=
+
Unde PV este valoarea actual abilantului R, care va fi valabil in T ani la o
anumita rata anuala a dobanzii (la o dobandaanuala de 5% din valoarea i = 0,05).
Practica de proiectare de pana acumacorda atentie obtinerii solutiilor de iluminat,
satisfacand cerintele normei. Prin optimizarea
conditiilor operationale este posibilareducerea costurilor anuale. Aprecierea
simultana a factorilor de mai sus este omisiune complicata. Utilizarea software-ului
standard pentru proiectare pe computer [9,10]care este conectat cu multiple solutii pentru
furnizare informatii de catre proiectantulSLS. Pentru a solutiona problema de mai sus,
a fost creat un program software, realizat ca
un program al utilizatorului si scris inlimbajul DELPHI-7. Permite determinarea
costurilor anuale ale sistemului de iluminat peo lungime de 1 km si urmatoarea furnizare de
date:- luminozitate operational specificata;
- uniformitate generala a luminozitatii;
- uniformitate longitudinala aluminozitatii;
- tip selectionat al sursei de lumina;- inclinatie brat;
- utilizare anuala a sistemului;- perioada pentru inlocuirea corpului de
iluminat;
- perioada pentru curatarea accesoriilorpentru lumina;
- grad impuritate;In mod separat, in baza de date a
informatiilor programului referitor la preturilepentru accesorii corpuri de iluminat, preturi
corpuri de iluminat, inlocuirea corpului deiluminat si preturi pentru curatare accesorii
corpuri de iluminat, preturi stalp in functie deinaltime, preturi energie electrica si tendinte
de crestere, a fost introdusa de rata dobanzii
pentru imprumut, etc .
expressed by:
(3)( )1
TPV
i=
+
Where PV is the present value of thereturn R, which will be available in T years atcertain annual interest rate (at an annual
interest of 5% the value of i = 0,05).The project design practice up to now
used to pay attention predominantly to theachievement of lighting solutions, satisfying
the requirements of the norms. Through theoptimization of the operational conditions it
is possible to reduce the annual costs. The
simultaneous consideration of the above
factors is a complicated task. In the use ofstandard software for computer design [9,10]this is connected with multivariate solutions
with input data specified by the designer ofSLS. To resolve the above task a software
product was created, formed as user
application program and written in theprogram language DELPHI-7. It allows
determining the annual costs of a lightingsystem for a length of 1 km and the following
input data:- specified operational brightness;
- specified general uniformity ofbrightness;
- specified longitudinal uniformity of
brightness;- selected type of the light source;- tilt of the arm;
- annual usage of the system;- time for lamp replacement;
- time to clean light fixtures;
- extent of impurity;Separately in the database of the program
data about light fixture prices, lamp prices,lamp replacement and cleaning of light
fixture prices, pole prices depending of theheight, electric energy prices and increase
trends, interest rate for loan servicing, etc. hasbeen entered.
On Fig. 14 a screenshot of the editor ofinput data necessary for the solution of this
task is shown. The choice of lighting fixtures
is carried out from a list in a catalogue of
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La Fig. 14, a fost prezentat un
screenshot al editorului pentru solutionarea
acestei probleme. Alegerea accesoriilorpentru iluminat este eliminate dintr-o lista a
catalogului cu accesorii pentru iluminat,fiecare dintre acestea avand informatii
solicitate. Prin informatiile programului demai sus, sunt generale variante prin
modificarea distantei stalpului intre 10 si50m, cu un 1m si inaltimea stalpului cu
0.25m, prin modificarea unghiului de
inclinatie a bratului. Aproximativ 10.000variante sunt generate ca un tot. Solutia
optima pentru oricare dintre variantele de maisus depind de perioada de curatarea a
accesoriilor de iluminat si de perioada pentruinlocuirea corpurilor de iluminat. Dintre
aceste variante, doar cele care respectanormativele luminozitatii si uniformitatea
luminozitatii sunt selectionate pentruutilizare.
La Fig. 15 sunt reprezentaterezultatele calculului mostrelor pentru un
accesoriu adecvat al luminii. Acestea suntprezentate dupa ce a fost introdus parametrul
unghiului de inclinatie al bratului.
Pe durata evaluarii rezultatelor vetiobserva ca aceste costuri anuale pentru unul
si acelasi accesoriu al luminii poate variapana la de cateva ori, in functie de parametrii
operationali ai proiectarii. Cele de mai susdemonstreaza posibilitatile pentru reducerea
considerabila a costului.Aplicatia software de mai sus a fost realizata
in diverse versiuni. Aplicatia software este
integrare in sistemul de informare geograficaACSTRE, sub forma unui set de proceduri
pentru a realiza analize in vedereaadministrarii iluminatului stradal[11,12]
lighting fixtures, each of them provided with
the required data. Through the above program
data variants are generated by changing thepole distance between 10 to 50m by a step of
1m and the pole height by a step of 0.25mand by changing the arm tilt angle. About 10
000 variants are generated as a whole. Theoptimal solution for each of the above
variants is found depending on the lightfixtures cleaning time and the lamp
replacement time. From these variants only
those which comply with the specifiednormative brightness and brightness
uniformity are selected for use.On Fig. 15 the sample calculation results
for a specific light fixture are represented.Those are displayed after the arm tilt angle
parameter has been entered.During the evaluation of the results you
see, that the annual costs for one and thesame light fixture might vary up to several
times depending on the operationalparameters or the project design. The above
demonstrates the considerable cost reductionopportunities.
The above software application has been
developed in several versions. The softwareapplication is integrated in the ACSTRE
Street Lighting geographic informationsystem in the form of set of procedures for
conducting analyses for maintenance of thestreet lighting [11,12]
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Fig. 14. Input Data
Fig. 15. Sample calculation results for lighting
fixture DEN 50W with 10otilt of the arm
CONCLUZIEO versiune a produsului GIS ACSTER
Iluminat stradal asista operatiunile
iluminatului stradal din orasul Blagoevgrad,
din anul 2004.
REFERINTE
[1] Velinov ., M. Aladjem, Proiectareasistemelor de iluminat stradal, cu ajutorulcomputerului, Volume din Prima Conferinta
Balcanica despre iluminatBALKANLIGHT99 ILUMINAT
EFICIENT DIN PUNCT DE VEDERE ALENERGIEI, ECOLOGIEI SI
ERGONOMICITATII Octombrie 6-8, 1999,
Clubul international al omenilor de stiinta F.J. Curie, St. Constantin si Elena, Varna,
Bulgaria, p. 71-76.[2] ] Velinov ., N. Sahatchiev,Aplicarea
sistemului de informare geografica ACSTREin proiectarea iluminatului stradal, Volume
de la Prima Conferinta Balcanica despre
iluminat Balkan Light Junior 2000, 15-16iunie, Clubul international al omenilor de
stiinta F. J. Curie, Statiunea St. Constantinsi Elena, Varna, Bulgaria, p. 85-94.
[3] Aladjem M., K. Velinov, PerformantaGIS ACSTRE in intretinerea echipamentului
electric. Retea europeana pentru integrareasurselor de energie regenerabila si
producerea surselor de energie distribuita
Seminar national, Aprilie 29, 2004
CONCLUSIONA version of the product GIS ACSTER -
Street Lighting assists the operation of the
street lighting of the town of Blagoevgrad
since 2004.
REFERENCES
[1] Velinov ., M. Aladjem, Computer aided
design of street lighting systems, Collectedvolume of the First Balkan Conference on
lighting BALKANLIGHT99 ENERGY-EFFICIENT, ECOLOGICAL AND
ERGONOMIC LIGHTING October 6-8,
1999, International house of scientists F. J.Curie, St. Constantin and Elena, Varna,
Bulgaria, p. 71-76.[2] ] Velinov ., N. Sahatchiev,Application
of the ACSTRE geographic informationsystem in the street lighting design,
Collected volume of the First Junior BalkanConference on lighting Balkan Light Junior
2000, June 15-16, International house ofscientists F. J. Curie, St. Constantin andElena resort, Varna, Bulgaria, p. 85-94.
[3] Aladjem M., K. Velinov, Performance ofGIS ACSTRE in the maintenance of
electrical equipment. European network forintegration of renewable energy sources and
distributed energy production National
seminar, April 29, 2004[4] Velinov K. . Marinov, N. Tasev, P.
Kapralyakov, PERFORMANCE OF GIS
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Annals of the Constantin Brncui University of Trgu Jiu, Engineering Series, Issue 3/2010
282
[4] Velinov K. . Marinov, N. Tasev, P.
Kapralyakov, PERFORMANTA GIS
ACSTRE IN EXPLOATAREAILUMINATULUI STRADAL. Volum de la a
12-a Conferinta Nationala despre iluminat, cuparticipare internationala Iluminat 2004, 15-
17 iunie 2004, Clubul international alomenilor de stiinta F. J. Curie, Varna,
Bulgaria, p. 67[5] Velinov ., . Kishkilov, Aplicare
tehnologiei LONWORKS pentru
managementul si controlul sistemelor deiluminat, Volum de la a 13-a Conferinta
Nationala despre iluminat, cu participareinternationala Iluminat 2007, 10 12 iunie
2007, Clubul international al omenilor destiinta F. J. Curie, Varna, Bulgaria, p. 73-
78.[6] Velinov K. Y. Rubenov, Aplicarea GIS
ACSTRE in intretinerea iluminatului stradaldin orasul Blagoevgrad. Tranzactii la a 13-a
Conferinta Nationala despre iluminat, cuparticipare internationala Iluminat of XIII
National Conference on lighting withinternational participation Lighting 2007, 10
12 iunie2007, Clubul international al
omenilor de stiinta F. J. Curie, Varna,Bulgaria.
[7] Velinov K. Pipev R. Rubenov Y.Intretinere, administrare si control al
sistemelor de iluminat stradal cu Sistem deInformare Geografica Iluminat stradal
ACSTRE, LuxJunior septembrie 2009.Internationales Forum fur den
lichttechnischen Nachwuchs 25 bis
27.09.2009, Dornfeld/Ilmenau[8] Vasilev Hr., K. Velinov, Proiectare
optima si intretinere a sistemelor de iluminatstradal, pe baza criteriilor valorii nete,
prezente, , Road magazine 2/2008.[9] Velinov ., PS 1.4.2 Aplicatie
software pentru proiectare la sistemele de
iluminat stradal. Informatiitehnice.ELEKTROPROGRAMA SD, Sofia
1996.[10] http://lighting-bg.eu
[11] Velinov K. Y. Rubenov, Aplicare GIS
ACSTRE in exploatarea iluminatului stradal
ACSTRE IN THE EXPLOITATION OF
THE STREET LIGHTING. Collectedvolume of the XII National Conference on
lighting with international participation
Lighting 2004, June 15-17, 2004,International house of scientists F. J. Curie,
Varna, Bulgaria, p. 67[5] Velinov ., . Kishkilov, Application of
LONWORKS technology for managementand control of lighting systems, Collected
volume of the XIII National Conference onlighting with international participation
Lighting 2007, June 10 12, 2007,
International house of scientists F. J. Curie,Varna, Bulgaria, p. 73-78.
[6] Velinov K. Y. Rubenov, Application ofGIS ACSTRE in the maintenance of thestreet lighting in the town of Blagoevgrad.
Transactions of XIII National Conference on
lighting with international participationLighting 2007, June 10 12, 2007,
International house of scientists F. J. Curie,Varna, Bulgaria.
[7] Velinov K. Pipev R. Rubenov Y.Maintenance, management and control of
Street-lighting systems with ACSTRE Street-
Lighting Geographic Information System,LuxJunior September 2009. Internationales
Forum fur den lichttechnischen Nachwuchs25 bis 27.09.2009, Dornfeld/Ilmenau[8] Vasilev Hr., K. Velinov, Optimal design and
maintenance of street lighting systems, based on thecriteria of net present value, Road magazine 2/2008.
[9] Velinov ., PS 1.4.2 Software
application for design of street lightingsystems. Technical
information.ELEKTROPROGRAMA SD,
Sofia 1996.[10] http://lighting-bg.eu
[11] Velinov K. Y. Rubenov, Application ofGIS ACSTRE in the exploitation of the street
lighting in the town of Blagoevgrad.Transactions of XIII National Conference on
lighting with international participationLighting 2007, June 12 13, 2007,
International house of scientists F. J. Curie,
Varna, Bulgaria, p. 110-112[12] http://acstre.com
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283
in orasul Blagoevgrad. Tranzactii la a 13-a
Conferinta Nationala despre iluminat cu
participare international Iluminat 2007, 12 13 iunie 2007, Clubul international al
omenilor de stiinta F. J. Curie, Varna,Bulgaria, p. 110-112
[12] http://acstre.comIng. Radi Dimov Pipev Doctorand
St. Ivan Rilski Universitatea de
Minerit si Geologie
Departament: Electrificare
productie mina, birou 111
-mail: [email protected]
Telefon mobil: (+359) 884 72 72 57
Prof. agreg. Dr. Eng. Krasimir Velinov -
St. Ivan Rilski Universitatea de
Minerit si Geologie,
Departament: Electrificare
productie mina, birou 111
WEB: http://lighting-bg.eu/-mail: [email protected] mobil: (+359) 888 71 21 82
Tel. (+359 2) 8060 270
Eng. Radi Dimov Pipev PhD student
St. Ivan Rilski University of Mining and
Geology
Department: Mine production
electrification, office 111
-mail: [email protected]
Mobile phone: (+359) 884 72 72 57
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Eng. Krasimir Velinov -
St. Ivan Rilski University of Mining and
Geology,
Department: Mine productionelectrification, office 111
WEB: http://lightingbg.eu/
-mail: [email protected]
Mobile phone: (+359) 888 71 21 82
Tel. (+359 2) 8060 270