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RISK FACTORS OF UPPEB URINARY TRACT STONES
IN KOHNKAEN PROVINCE
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Thesis Title
Name
Degree
Thesis Supervisory Committee
Phaitun
Risk Factors of Upper urinary trEct stone
in Kohnkaen Province
Arunrat Wanapong
Master of Science ( Epidemiology )
. Samkaew
Golaseni M.D..F.R.C.S.
Wanvarie M.D.
Date of Graduation
Chaweewon Boonshuyar
Thara viriyapanich
7 November B.E. 2539 (19961
B.Ed.,M.S.(1 $Hons),M.S.p.H.
B.Sc(Pharm). M.S. (n utritionl
Abstract
This retrospective casscontrol study was aimed to compare risk factors
of upper urinary tract stone in Kohnkaen province. Cases(210 samples) were the
patients of upper urinary tract stone in Kohnkaen hospital. Controls(2lO samples)
were the patients in the same hospital and people in community of Kohnkaen
province who were without urinary tract stone and without other urinary tract
disease. The ditas were collected by one of interviewer during July to Desember
,1995.
The results by muftiariate analysis showed that the factors of family
history , high purine diet , prolong hot occupation ,water intake lower than 2000
ml./ day and high oxalate diet were associated signifficance to upper urinary
tract stone disease ( p< 0.0b l , and showed that the most important factor ,
family history when other factors were controlled had the highest probability of
41.09 9o. lf the factors of high purine diet ,prolong hot occupation ,water intake
lower than 2000 ml./ day and high oxalate diet were individuaily input, the
probabilities increased to 71.10 To,6.4ZVo, 92.90 % and g6.09 7o respectivety.Copyright by Mahidol University
li
.:.
This thesis showed that the genesis of upper urinary tract stone
was related to pattern of life style , the dietary habit and occupation . Health
education to decrease or avoid these risk faitors were some excellent methods
to prevent and control the upper urinary tract stone disease .
Copyright by Mahidol University
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- qru'arnrnhu ( hot crimate )Copyright by Mahidol University
3.
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- n1flJ?ynouarfifllnerqfl rcdNuludhu ruiooonrurn niu ml*a?n?
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- rl?mrus{rrrTedut?ltuflnnmvdr(tow inhibitors :citrate, Mg ,pyrophosphate etc.)
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rdofr nurdrflq{fl desmrntetflubniir*n ruynt rduflas{mydruuu lfiuri
t. flq{flnrfluon rdu ardn grnrnrna*gfin n.rdurh nrruFtnnarurr
2.flq{Emrstu rdu ntr6urlcsfi.rslrndda.luouu,1u"l :ls{finml6u:lnedc fl trnfi 'rvt'tr rfiuila ar.rvtuuqi rg,r fi 1n dfi n
g{ililfi5'rurornrri{n
t.rJs{flnreuan !
t . t nrnl*naua rdnludnnrr u{r un;ar nrnhurfl urjrs{,r rd g.rrio nrnfl ulenr
fi 'r rsurmrl 6u:llna r.r ss{auuu
1 .2 6R111 trlrugfi rdr rdfl srianttflulrniimnuyrrsfiufleera;d'ruuu
r .s n.rduti.rios rdfl.:risntrflulrnrfim;uunr6uflairc;d.luuu
1 .4 nrefu :Jrvnruotarrfr-eiuq.r rdarria ntrflulrnfi.rrv:.runrl6ufl 66,lry
d'luuu
t .s nrtfu rJ etfl rrla 1lr1?unn rdar 6r rds{ria nmrfl utmfimartyrrs 6u:Jnn rcvg{.Juuu
Copyright by Mahidol University
I,
1.6 n1tfiJ:lt:nnluoluraonflmn{.:darsionrerflulraficma.runrun^uflanrcys{.Juuu
t.z.nthljrvvrrufrT'rrufiElqtfludldrrdes0ianmdulrnfi.rffruunrsrfiu:JnnrJydauuu
z. r1q{enralu
z.t nrar{urhsdi'lflIandfiauouu'tullnslrirndouluefirnrfl rdtNriantrflutanda
agr.ruyr t rfiurJn dtt ;druuu
z: nT rfi:las{nr{urlesdefllendevrrufiuflnnT ertuu{rgT fitnffin rds.rrionterflutenfi.rI
r:ruunT .l rfi r.rfl&dracs{euuu
II
d"rurjrril{lunrrA{g
t. drurjeo'ns 6a
t.t flq{snrfluon lfiurl
- nrnjrsnauardnl#arnrnhu rdfl rudailrn
- nntrrnn*gfindrJf,s
- n1?nilu1uoEt
- nr afi ll syrruarur rfi fru6.r
- - nrafi.nJ*m1T"nrr1?unnrdar6.r
- nmfi.nJrwruarursAo nr1 m nN
- nT efi nj*;vrrufir'r Mfl e'r rfl urjr,{rt.z. flqftmrslu tduri
- nm{urheft sbndfro.ruouuru$nehimdaulu'Jfi{nrEl
- nT rfi:Jsinr{urlcfl deslrndxvn.rrdr"rfls{nrertwaqirgrfitnfiin
z. sTcurlanril do
Irnii.J ralunrs rfir.rfl ns{r'r;g{rrruu
g. d'rurJraruqru 6a
- nrynrds'Jftr
- d.rmrfrr,irlriuhirfiu s flCopyright by Mahidol University
6.
A'noutnnno{n1flqs
nrafinrvli{ertunF.rd r!.rflntnuonraTn{eriTqv'rffiftnruuagTu1{ unyfints'rray{1y,v'JdJ
n{u d'ro tir$iifi oqjor duo qj'[uft u{nmuuriu fi umua.lilffoq n'ludc.:enr.jrs dounrngr nrn
fu rr'oufi'uornil n.fi . 2b3B
fia,r"rflnqa.:nrr6{ri
- -L-e--.-:,-/-.-t--&.4.2- :^-y-q-.,C--- - 4 r d d ad1. n1?ftntrleqfln?{u ilflas1nn tutto{ tvflvtxnlnltflnvluny{tuilrvrutru 4lrdqnaE
n1?frnmulu1 casecontrol study unvr6ondnmrav{lyturrmdud{lra{nqouuriuwirriu 6.rfi
n mu,i r finlun r rurtl dr.r o1 riu rr nduddul
z. lunr*6anns!iln?ilqrJ lfratnnraifiqdeil,trirffiua1( ptain rug u?a vp ra?o
Ultrasound t 'irlrirflutenficrvuuvt't.r6uflnamv rflurnzucilunT ed'orrdon udrde.rqrntri
d1il''ttnulnriruncuqr.rtutt{neT urntfrnreu6stfr{rud'rodrsrdanqlnilastrrutuqurutros
{lu{'rrtouuriudfiruanrriflqdunNf{Aamfl1 ( uttrasound ) fl zsge .ir1rirflulenfi,rrr,u,unr.:ufiu
flnc{rrv mtlnarnredurarunv:ir:inrlrniiclortuqilru lorenruyry{ilflrtl6afi.nariyrsrd'flrou
uriu drrurflunriruneu4rulunT afr nmnFof,
s, ..nnr#finrir.rdhoeiT.:dluawJln ( 420 r'le l roilfi{nnril,{rrYorlurda.rffflyrenl
unssilruurru 6s rdanntnlavrfiurlhr.*u.r.rdfir'rlffivrrud.read semi - quantitative food
frequency dlr{rd:le;fiulfrarqdrn'irn.r'lurfluq?r trdorqrnlrinruran{rril?r.nruoruttd
nmfiruqntfiodfutJe"nru t uEifr rfl ui#ruurvnrudrufu pJuuu:ro.:nrafi nvri{slunfrd
#annn.rru%.roiu
1 . {aq n rd ur rfulr q fi nrru nrefi::Jrnnruatamua sflq{fl rdes oirq tdqrnnrr
m.Jrill{qrrfrunr:*nfqrn druo nrcirsor{:Jru tmsrfiunredhrfri.rr{uonrn nmu ufl ufiuror
lnrn,r'jrrfrrlruunrfrfrunT unf d'.:riuffoq^dtd6o{t uqjrfun,rr'[fifiaqn:rar{:-1eu
2. nr!runreuqr.rqnflElfia'jr urnrvrtilfrneeqifiqdaufie.j{rirfluTanfi.r?ruunrsfiu
flnnrev Copyright by Mahidol University
7,
oAt.aandrfi e r rr dn ?in-'lfftun r f {e
rlq{flrder t nist Factors } uilrufi{ ord:}vnoudfiaoGr*uAuntrfinlrn u?ndl
nar{urianmfintrnr
Tanfinr;uunrudutJrtrtre;c{.luuu ( Upper Urinary Tract Stone ) uilrfldr lrerijrJ^ { Cn 4 r nflmnfluvttDr l4tovra $l
I
oT fin tunrrdnmd urimrdlroanrflu z dnr*nry da
t ordrrdl{uflr{'u nnsfir rnnninun;rarinrrn: tfiuri fir{r.r dmre
rnHntnt fiNrulutx.rru
ardntflfrun{ru umufi{ {lurulunvmu:Jtunar.r tfiuri {rJfrri6.rru1u
ryuufrrntnt ftiarufin uftfrrantuuayruiriru
ntritrunnru{r hdarnrahu lunmdntndurisaanrflu z dnuzu; fia
nrnittunnrlu&tudarnrrtfnu rflurlru,{r raurefir nrnlrvnouarfln d
frournuorn o.rn1filhu urnn'ir g {u dodrlnrf
nredtrunnr.:u{.r1#a'rnldfnu rfluur.rni.r railrflfir nrnjesnauardn t ,
dfioor.n*n a1n1fifau fiasn'iru?aryirrTu s 6u Fiodilnrf
ntdlrlrtiae uu1flfir nmdilrlT hs#e fiaE n'i1 2,000 ru'n66nr/ d'u
fndu'aanllmnq{t railrefis r[nrir.r1 dsr?tuuilf,euu3lnnunvrfluflndrfinra.r
onruotrutrfi rdu finunm linhilriae trrulrar$ xyng lailrail ddu uou lufiu
dr:Jvud.: finuse.: rniotli rnr
orurrf;'riuq.r uursfi r nrru3tnnota'rnlas4T fudtfiorure4,rncndu'fi ofu,flr.
arno:lrrno:.rg 16uri r#artufrqd rdufrr{ui.o1 o,ll,r,lrnym rTeeirrl rnr
arureunnrdorql uilrefir nrru?lnnarurnlrv{riudldarurdrn.lndfi
unnrdsilrfluo':d:Jr;nouq.: lfiud :Jnru?nfirfi'rr6n1 r.nr hi rnr
Copyright by Mahidol University
8.
nrfl{urJrfldrfltrndfra{uauu''ru'l umefi{ n1er6u:i.rfldff:hefio,ruaud.roqjlaerl
torfltrildmdaulr,r.re,r.:ntsrflunnruru ( orqrflurrr*aura?ar,lnrElrdou t amrflu{:Jcflddra,il6od'cro'lki16'qT nTrnrirsl rdu tfrii.rurnr{uyiaruo.ru?nttfruud.r urerr6uu?r.rrunrqnrfi.rneru
1n'1
:lrvdFr{urj'ra1uu{rprfi1ndfia uilrflfis nrerirlryd6r6url'radrelanfi?ryuuyn{r
fiuflnnrevtuuqirgrfi'lnffEnrlfiuri { dr nr nre ?io ruj *{raiafiaqrawiourj liu?orja.rno.r{rJae
Copyright by Mahidol University
L
nrourlu'len!a{n1sA{g
lanfi'la:nrurnrun^u
rlonrcgCquuu't
rTq{snrsuon
- nrnjrsnouardntudarnrn$au decltlr{toil1n i
- nnrnran*gQrdr
nqfi nrarunmfi.njmzrT u rdu
- nradrurhfiart
- mrfi rri ryvr ruanar rfi c?u6.r
- nmfilJnmluarllrunnrduu6s
- nmfu:Jrur41uo1u1?aom1 nn6{r
- nT ef:.r:Jewnluffrr rufl sr rfl ral rsir
riq{snrelu
- nm6udae dretrnd fio{uaunul
ln et&i mndo utueClq n,le
- nT reirls{nr{urhafirefianf,i.rvrrqhu
' flnnmstuurjrgrfilnffin
Copyright by Mahidol University
,od z
.J fl mrR fi ru un ;.rru6{sd rda'lfa r
Irnfiravuuvrr{rduils{nmv rflulrnlrifinsia ( Nco t ddrd'rgrurnrlrgurud.rtnsrqilly
dnrnow{uoontdflsruflora.nJrrvrrtlvrrid.:il'r.rnnfiilun*rfiaudarTegurd.rru rnnryfinoei'r.r
urn ( s t flnTiuleudoatun..tfiurlea'mvtdr:Jdeuu:ln.rqrnrfild.rrnunufirrounrl6u\,flaa1'rvc{.ruciri ( nrorflr:;flnarasunyy'iofl6crcy trflur{ruluqj flr1ir.nrufirnr.:6uJsqrqr,:s
s{'luilu( lnunryiotnr t rflur{ulra4j doii.r-rr,.:r6uflnn, ws{ruuuunvg{rur{rd{ounn
dl.rrfuunreoEit d'{unor.:1unrt-tod z
u.r.nd z {a umnoirrma.ir.rfi.rln unii.rlunrsrnr;flncqra; ( zo )
r. fnuutuflud
z. lri fr n c rJ drJ tr"ufriun m yd.r nu
3. fnqsrfluuff'trfludn ( high recunent rate )
t. rinnutuufin{rrearqdrn.jr ro fl
z. luqunrndttrud r;r,rutunrirurt dfig.ut
urrdsnruun;rnnryfindr
g. uft qrntdfu ntdrfror nrf,'roonud.r rinq;
lrirfludn (low rectnent rate )
trnfirtn d'ulra4jrrutun{rtfl1flillnn'lrnrnraefls un$innu1udflflrar$arq#.ruri zo
fl{uhl tgo t rfiorqrnnr#fifiouihdrrnrlulnunvvioln bnd{oroqlunrlulrnrfnir r.rrr-rt
nnrruft orrlnfi daud'roqjtu{:Jrrurunas{ilnr? :aqun.jlnsrGnnmluunu.nnod.ruen,{toan
u''t lerslrnfirtulortflurufinrunsa{n'r1xfin:JnEnr!*rtuqjndrurad.r d'.:riunrrauunyrir{rrijr6.r
tr.rld#usrau4orfrrutotnminun ,r,r.ri.fit nrnrfin#rldluri'srrdqo ( 8,20 ) firhitfifirnref,myrntuqu?nhilfi aerfl q{ardnttunr[ufrfi 'u1ilfi nrru4fonu
Copyright by Mahidol University
11.
nrtrfi nadn unai"r t zz ) tnedhtlHnnmvnou.rr4mirflilc{1myn1tr rfi .r{aurlesnau
firfld'cdrt ( solute ) rit.rpnrurt rrmoir.rltunrlr.rm6ou#nynrerluflnnrwnvoqlugrJrlrvl
rdu urrnrdelu donw{ar oonf,lmn uoulr.rrfleil rflufru :Jrvlrurirdoqjtun,rc#rien'htnmv6'ld'rE{s'tot ( super- saturation ) t:Jru1sv{udliuunyr{nrurqurfluru6n gju 16n
unrntdtliloon'illmn unnrq'flullodtdn dolt'furaudr?fln"ir r crystal nucleation / nrni
drudnrfinrqT nc{'lflJevnaudElr ( homogenous nucteation ) drs{ranyn1trfiarfinmr6rud'r6n'jr
ndndrfinqrnc{''lnJavnaururnn"jr t tfirr ( heterogenous nucteation u?a epitaxis} uian6nd
rfin{uaqjtun'res6ild'qadr.rfiletenflfailriufid"lfi'ril ( inhibitor } norn.ru?afid',lrn?a.r (promotor I
tuGmnu.nn{u ardnfiqnflrefrtndulnflqvfiorerfiTu.n.nda.rri.mrardn fuqaudden'ir\ crystal grovwfl " unruioardn*l'mor'lraqj{uuwrfirmoflndrir.rmrurnrrr;fiirueuilrn{r. .,rfinua.rflfndrd'oruriaHdnnas{rdrfifirerTurflunrlr.r (crystat asgregation) riarurn{unfinq;r,Jild,l
rTunnrtrtflufiauije t pJd rr dolurrururnfiaufi.rqyfimnffin riarurqyriaEltur!{urflu
r{rdututru#anrrvrir.qtirt?!il'r;dru adr.:trfirnru firnnrcyoir.:1:JdautJadruenrFr rdu
lunaur{rqar'ntrrurfruffu6'rqnrnvfiru6noirrprnruru uqr"lunnrr#flnnrcyrdaqrt fls{fi1v
.ruruo.uutild'calnaretflu unsaturated sotution atdndrfinduqC*ir{m.rurd'arorrflufiouf,rusi
qyavnr Elndu rfl u:Jr;1 raiaqnfuoo nqrnfi rnretil
,.JflJ1l
9rud Fr.:{unaufl o r n tfi nil'l
unsaturated solution supersatureted solution
tl++crystal dissolution crystal nucleation
(f Rromotors, I inhibitors)
I
J
crystal grovvth
I
+
crystal aggregation
(f oromotors, I intrititon)
(f oromotors, I inrrinitotri
Jstone formation
Copyright by Mahidol University
12.
rirfirruun;n"rrnft.r (inhibitors and promotors ) d'arirru ( inhibitors ) 6ac{r#noenrior#u lufiunautnriurrurdorronrarfiorrudnu^ih dr. citrate, Magnesium , forophosphatetusil#Fyrrn?ru (promotor t donr#dsrnhrtrirfinardnuasfi? rdu uric acid
t. ?mro (critrate) rflunTdrfirgto.r citric acid cycte drrflur.rqrdr6'rgaalnrr
nh'lr^rd'ttrum'1fl{nrEjntari citrate drtu:Jnnravrfluflq{flde{goil catcium renalstone disease
( 23 ) firnrnldernorurrtuil?eJTrurioe uavfintfurireoannrrflnnraytu:Jhnruriosrdu,Tu
no1t#u'unoion,1?frunr:Jzalfimeot 6o nr.rvudanrflunrr*ur?o intraceilurar acidosis 6,rEJ
d'rrirtrifiurrn{ndunTrlru.ndu o^rqnqnfir.rndun1fl renar tuoute rfir.rdufire QLnrndrmi..rJo v e 6frtiluffcrirulorptnonrrotnardnqalrndounnrdflillnuifirad'n1 z ii tfiud firorrn{ud'rffurJev1
unrardarurflu ioruute comprex ri'rlfinrrrleylanrvrorunnrdflilluflnnlry ( za ) uayimrnfl{oanqvrf,nrinffulnEJnr.:Fianrennndnrar#runnrduiloanrlmn unyunnrdsuv{onry,ln d,.rriu
rneqrflud'rfirudoanqr,f;l6n{r.rn mrvfi arnoiofirunnrdeil d.r,flurjrdnurrnn.jrqfi^tu?1
lnflay go so.:ficf.luiln
z' ru'rnfi ra'au (Magnesium) fi nntn:loq{untrfi orfir lnsnrmud'rryuoo nlr nsrtuflnnrrv rirtinprn'Ev6'uf,rnolunatdeiloonrT rnn d'.:riu6riiuyru'rnlunrrflo.rrTufirrr-tndr.l
lfi lnflrafl1#rdrfir,srn primary hyperoxaturia sdr.r1rfi6 Mso du'fiffiinurrJ'rng"1fi^ntfi u rurg tufldar'lvlrirurnfn d"o..n Mgo gnfl ndrutfiluvrrsrfiuorurrlddrflrr r1n1riu6r.lfiw nfi rdfl ilfi ttrt unuddoq n6ru166 ndr unairtriecriu?ro{r Ms uavfi uranqrtufls{6rc v
s.tnlfl{aatrln (forophospnate)tfluglrahrnqnrdndrflud'rf,nunrasrnarfinmrunnrileil
aonllmn oonqvrf,tfifioetda$rnfiilhnrufiontuflasrmy:Jnfi Mrvaonqvrdtfidduuia:j?rurnrrurn{u d.:n'rxrmrirlfiInenrrtlrfi.l:lrnnru orthophospha re t-2 nfi1s6iu
a. neoq?n Uric acidl rfluc{rathrn'uon'fiunu.naeir.rd'nrquluntdrra?xn1?nnfi6nVl
s{rtfitfluDi'crn?ilddrdrgoionrrrfinfiaunrnrfisiloonrlmn Ineilu.irnray hyperuricosuria
nrurennev{uhirfiorn,trornl.rdnurrnrdtruoonmrnqrtfiirfldu hidrffiufia.roqitr.rnr"ry6rurTrurn
rinlnsnrdrtfirfinHdntoreii heterogenous nucteation rar{'ng,ruddrdrpfio yru"jrfirunrnrdeil
aantrmnoiru.u#.fintnrq?nrflu niaus rY.:#uflcliu6rfiadr neng?nrfludcr63ildruftr1runn rdEriloo nrrrnnunv,ir rfl uffo.rtfifu ntfnm
Copyright by Mahidol University
13.
s{'rruEla{ttrnfirln {rJrednaTrnrdil'rfierc{.rufiaElrilr#udnflu6lruEunyinmtfr
uoidcu1ur$nu"i{riu'nTruqdd'r,rnu lnsd'ruud{u'fls{errdssrianmrfinfic t ".r.on'g
I unt
a' n s{cuudrhifi fls {e rd nrb rn e
flq{a dtl{ tfi uri nnm#d.r rnfu hxrfi ndelnrefi Hn Fia n,urfi ordcy?.: s iunaufr{ ndm
rurufii Tnaflq{EltusitdfiutflutL{edfl.rnrilr.rnvrrda.::Jfr:ifintrflurnrurf d'.r#urdanrirefi.r
c{1rlrol orquilrrflu z rlryrnvr tfiuri
- 'l -r-- 4--- d o da. , i1. vlvlt"!u6'ltu{ (secondary renal calculi ) 6onrcnrTalrnnr.l-s{rerioilcoanurrutn4 d o oyo l
uSounre:flT'lrlrfr0il':orjrl{ntqu tfiuri primary hyperparathyroidism , oxatosis , renal tubularI_
acidosis, nrrtderuNtf,or rdu magnesium trisilicate, triamterene rflufru
z. hivrflus{rruEvi?akifinltuq ( primary renat catauti ttunrirudrarnluqtrilfi dod
1{6ttnqnanfi.rn'rrufinrlnfidioflq{nrde{drfir'du lorer1{lriflflutrnfiun,lr1drirtrirfinfi.i lduri idiopathic hypercalaiuria . idopathic hypocitraturia rflufiu 1u:rru#{:hutunrludu,Nmetrjdqv4o4ddililsqgK{El{tnl s{OlsttgntlJl.r idiopathic renal calculi
,rnon' g :lq{adEl{rianrarfi nf,nlufls{c{'lry
tfiprsarf,.l flqEuduo ' /
Calcium Volume, calcium CaOx&Cap supersaturation
oxalate, pH
Nephrocalcin, THP inhibitor
Uric acid pH , volume , uric acid uric acid supersaturation
infections pH , ammonium promotor
polymerized THP promotor
cystine cystine cystine supersaturation
CaP = calcium phosphate i CaOx = calcium oxalate ;
MAP = magnesium ammonium phosphate ; THp = Tamm - Horsfall protein
tfinmsfir urklffnrua.rdtJsnouta.rndau#:Jrynaudurflufurflut{,rdrg a.rd
rjavnoudlrumnd4ordo unnrdflilaanrlmn ( 2&30 ) rornrrurdounnrdsily-loc{rr,lgtiuJffu
unntfleilaon{1mn dluiilotri:Javnoum.rfi.Jtn'lwlrrmnlils dr^u",uoauu1nilu1ayrfl1fr'Copyright by Mahidol University
14.
muuriu (31) rru'j,foens t2 rfluriaunnrfifliluavtui''tu,1t df"u^r 69 rflufirunnrfiEril
€onslrnnun#rudarflud"runnrq'eilylannlm d'nszuyro.rfi"rtulnddrdrgfid'{Fiotild
t. drunnrfisu ( catcium stone ) ii.dfiunnrdflxrfluord:lffinouc{,ru1uqj tfiuri fiitfinunrntEieiloonslmn, unrnrdflilv{onw{n dqinqvo{rJuriuloraxfinmnr{ururnn.jtunyfnqv
rfluc{ruilavnousorf,rtf,nduhenv s0 narfi?f{uil n ( z2 t drbldfiunnn'Hilrfluord
rJa;nouoqjnvfiuoiauauontreri ijcunnrs'flrJaonmrnngrld'Nfinnnru6 qnrrrflunalurrfl.
drirqnn ufrrurn niu{orlunTnrantrrri deufieunnrdeilr,lanrrlnqviidnsruvnfi,rflrfu rfie.r\
uoiu'rurntraqjn'lr
I
r9z. firn-nrda ( strwite stone ufu infectious stone ) drdndrfnnufururTufin'n
ri'nrnudnirna{?iluvr1rttduflc{nmv dranr{au'arri:lrynaudnda ru.rnflldailuaa.rhrrilErrr
llon ntln unvfnfi unnrdetil nrfiJo run:Juaqifrcu uunfi r?sd rflunr naqrinrfl wran ureas rirhiflnarcrfiqvrdrflueirrfiHnnrrurutirtfiru.rnflrfieu, uoillurflflslrlonnlnun;unnrfifliln.lfuaruol
dnvnren{mnnvnaulfi{rfl ladndnurflunrru4iloed4n tduri proteus,{.d'.dulffori
Psudomonas , Klebsiella, E.coli , Staphytococcus urldrflfiu{unv yeast fi.rtfig,dfidn1yilc
rsvrlvd"t 6o fi:luT nturlrfiuna'reln fid'nsruvnfirstfllneN lnrhurufinmfiorr{odrildfrel
rfludrtfiordinnt"'ulnd4t wrmvfiorfir{nfieoant#rarun na#udcdfir.rqstanbrduml6'lu
mnroufiu n$4rufiufio.:lfiurinuelndlrdlfluc{'rruE uT nT #urnuunnffiao.nr#,fi0,..nv
nrrqnrflumrtfiuflnnrcv u?nnmslnma {:Jrml.:eruorqlrifiornrnirXn uncilrdcsn,'l.rvn !- i- Jlnere Fais ilad ntdsat nanxo.rniulAt nrn ronq md fi d'nl*nrytnffi,fr uoidrfludnung
ranr;d'rdo fimntur!6r.rne.retn u'fimdT.:fioe z do arneiourjuuiouftfitfi {ufiuo.rd
:laynou
e. iienenr,tr?n ( uric acid stone t drtfinfirurla;r.rlrufasns +to so.:ficf.ruruna6a"-gl
nanqTntiluruaatdniiu4nftfl?loit purine nrirunrafrunrrJunvqnfuoonrurn,xflnc{rey s{.ru
trar!oqilug:j:rosttrn'ur.rqrrrd.u"u.urirtdunyc{.luriouoqjtugrJrornenq?nrdrkinvnrElfir
nenq?nrrflunrprciou llo pKa=b.7b d*uauu.au.hfirflnn,rnvu'pH ritn.h pra nmrq?nrnrfi
frrrs{er*nndu rirt#rfiornrrnnilfintfiirfl urifirflnn,raru' pn 6sn.h ptca huduuqmnrvfiA o o ].to u
rurnTulonrnfinf,cilrioent d'.niu pH m{:Jdc{'levftfirr'rrildrdrgrionrrrfipderfiF,fi.trn dr- dr..r d
nrorq?nrfitrifiurrnlfieilrdo:lu qvne.rqlsivruXner ptain KUB udc{ril,lniflutfitoreai htravenous
urosraphv rafu uhrasonosraphy rafu cr scan {rJeadfitanlnfiprfirqfiod ffioriCopyright by Mahidol University
15.
ed.t a o
{fifineorg?nturlnnrrrq.rn'i'rrlnfi rfluTrnrfiT vi 1fiiun'r#nsrd?serm{mfirirrinr {r]'raddurSrfiaeu6"o.r,S.uunqrndnmlfrfuotattrJaduuT nrfiutrlfirflu:lq{Enn?ruddrA'rgo'n
ilavnrruds ($) dm*zuvmrr{ouf,ctfindorqrfluuinnnurnde.r riiarfluraururg:nrfiouriou
ffr.r uft fi d nadoqrJurir orr n fi 'rfn fi rur or rioufi ,r.: r6n un ;o rnru'unr u l ui or fftd
a. firdan-u ( cystine stone) fi'rtilndvrutdriaemn flu1u{rJradilnmr.rfin:indyrr.r
narufiu{tfio autosomal recessive rirt#finctrfior:Jnfinreqndrumsnmoailurfin divatent
( cystine,lysine,ornithine tt0v arginine )tu renal tubute rroutut{rtfi luflnn.o#fi pH4.$7.0
dnfiunrumn{vnrotfi s0G400 iln/Anr unscrnyolatfiurn{ufirflglnmsfinctrrflurirqr{oracrdlTu lunu:lndfrnfrun;qnfuoonmrlflnc{mvtud?ilrrufiofln.jr 100 iln/ za d',]Til{ ptain KUB
:ra$rtfinrd ltr mufj.n urdnsvhiflu uoiqynrumnuarniulficNl u-iofi:rurnluffi
finuruvsotfio*itdtlfiu fnfid'nuruvrflunadtril firrinr?nuun;rfluiu drudarilurl,rnrn
ufi.: :innvfiturortra4j uoiorqnurflufiourdnlunrsfiaufitd lu{dmdrflufiofrrnrsni.t
ne?nmqu1ru6 ngrJranrud uud rfl udn:*ruvlard s{fiuuau6'trJlrnEt?esu1yt1{trnfilnsl{
nitroprusside test
s. iirriindnulffrlaeilrn lfiuridmf,nriobd
fl. Matrix calculi fnnurrrurTuru'nrndnKufloiryr''r{r6ufls{ar.J;cand, pro,"us 1u
fiaurieqainreuian ( coasurated mucoid t d.rfiqrdnso.rar#u:Juaqjfiaa ficrfindqa.rortri
rfruqrnnrnroffilrrf rirl#qnfrTuriufirtfinnrnq?n usiunnriT.:d rnatrix stone flcqnmvqy
flurirr
lt. Xanthine calculinulu{fin'trilfiarilnfrntnrmr{ud6en.jr'classic xanthinuria .dgfinqrnnresrnraulqrf xanthine oxidase rir}ifi rJ?ru rruq.: d.rrfi nii'ulLfi u ugl.r?{nnq'lnnlfllltltoutqil xanthine oxidase yt1tlft.i xanthine ilteJ1il{.l il.ltfrniihifruugll
tsnsrrtiun;ifiq,fi'etduianuicruriunr#fitFuT runrnq?ndrll,rnv?.rlurdanun;luflnc{rnv
nr#nurdlfinnda nretrildfilhrj?r.nmurnrdatriflnarc;rdoqrgrn tuyredhil"dr.rno,.'c
tX allopurinal ruifi {melruo'tn:Jxanthine rdo:Juoqitufu mr{:Jeulrmd.rnrnq?ndtfifu n1fnmdf.re allopurinat finrru
ff. silica calculi rnrulfrfissmn flu1fr1uffrJ'raviffu:Jeanlus,tnnn?ndu' siticate d'.r
tdu masnesium silicate uiai:rrlawrrurfrrt:l trisiticate nnitlfrfi?errriunrntunsrl(1r€1u1tCopyright by Mahidol University
16.
tfr silicon dioxide al.lqnqorfitrffrnlnre unsd'uoonflrlflns{r.ry lurl?urrudru1nflofin1rJ1?n
rirtfirfinfirtdf dosanfhifiuoious{{ronnfti uoirdossrnu'grJruoreJuor#tirtrida{usnqlnidueunn[tflrJoonT1m9l
Q. Triamterene calculi nutfrlu{rJrudt{er Triamterene d.rrflufl''li'uflr{st1.lytf,nj.' v
potassium sparing ilrfirfinfiuo'tcilrvnoudrfl Triamterene adr.l6sq uSordarluri'uunnlfitlilI
aon{lmnunvn?nq?n s".:turlrnrnad'.:fnrfiortufrrJ,ra hypercatciuric catcuti dt{erdnrurYu
hydrochlorothiazide
i
o1n'lrua;o1n'tflr6n{r orqurillfrrflu z nrlud'.:dfio
1 . a1n1ilnant{m{n1#fidraqluvrrrfiuildnty rfluarnT #rfr ns1nn,tr?yn1s
rda.:rdo.rqrnfifioufurdsndlulnun#aln ur.rni{fintqrr#uorjrsrdt undu unvfintnr;{usiolst'lfruorinoicaeirlquuerrdanEne'ril{urorffaufiroantJ ornrnirdnurioe ldud flac{rcy
tflude flnar?cfn vi6oc;qa flc{dm;frfian rlcnrflur{n1nau?nzuraeadrrun unvarqfi
o r nr ehr nru rdrarir g r{rr rd fl e fiuun #o {fl o y rfl fi
a d.rfi ffrJc u i ruruhifia sdhi fi o r nr rln rn e {:Jrunrlnftndcuflrgurdu rdu
tuluelu franrqn ruvr5.: rflufiu unvnt?cru.Jlnru'ri.:r6rg.jT fiijoluln dtafilnrnny{uoan
rdst rufionu {rJru rdudrJ xmrufo fl n; r a n.o#u'fi "r usilrifi o r nrrln r?Bn.jrfi sitent stone
z. a rnT eherdouo"o n.#fi fi'raqluvyr.r Gufls{am c ufu arc dsn.ir rfl uarn nruru roton.#doqnfiuvrrlrfiuflndlrr R1'rvmdrdorqrfluarnrni,mr{:Jee sitent stone dior'ril
tu{rJr edvr nuri r rfl uilra qj riauufi.r a. n. # d. d'rg tdod
2.1 01n1?#ulJyrrrduaru,rr {rJeeornfiorntrjenfra.: ndulfi alrdeu
frordnrduld rirlfiqndraolnlmo{nrvnqry d,ltfidnrnu ldfisdn,nu uurq.r1,.'rr'dnrnu
2.2 ntfir,r{o rfluornrnir un;rflr.nrr;uyrrn{o#nuriognrrrudr nn
hdrirhhfinnrefiorrdotfiira 6o urinary stasis unynr"r;lnd.orurdrunoo.nn.#fin.rqr1
fru nmin:rrrirlddouffr.ru.n dao..nu-d.:u:lnnrlaarlunr6uflnnr,:y dd,.,A'rgda ,in.,fio.:rarifiririieaandes6rqvflntntd rioenFrdsr'nr$ordaqulnufluuuor ( pyonephrosis t d.:
4T rfl ufiar sirdn ro rtnfi,Ntiuur nCopyright by Mahidol University
't7.
2.g torrdaru sufinnmvlmcre {rJcu,{rucuradrrt^ruunvrrirda{rc1nn1?
orr'lqflu'irfintrvlntdailuiaarnmlmrle rdorirnmduc{rutrnflu'i1rfrrlfiriu. chronic
pyetonepritis un;ri'rfif,.r6"r.:nrluurl6uflanrcv {rJcen{udrfl*i.,,f. z {r lnearqnmq
lrinufic d"o..nrd"uraqnt.Jufic r{.runtdnrc{uri.rn.:d, rfiuriot:l du...nn.#firoslen1u
tn fi:Jrutun{rdurrvrEflftlevifit'orrqufioa.nr#fidetnusihirurnuunvrrirdorqrnfinlrruoor
vru4lnunaiufiuornrr ra?aarnrnarrul:Iar unvfinreyfiqdfiaqirlriorqrldnd'.lilrflu
ulrnritfi
1 o ll €an136U6.lU [en lfl € n''t mutag
i-t. ntnmcfndlrJ (udne anatysis) fnq;nuuinrdoorum usinrrtrhudprrdoor
urNlrid'orfiqoan utnvfinENru'ir fifiud.:1uc{rrudhirruuinrdanun.:luntnrlqflns{.oruFo
u?n unnilfie.:lrifthsnv a du"lnnrrsdrdaor urn..ndr.qnuanl*cucga.rrJanm#lflu
arnflotn1?qnriuvrtrfiuflanrnv od.rfirnuarfinaytmrqdeed.rdfi{dnmsijcdrflu Inflraflrv4rJ
t.|nnilluntlrngilflA.i cystine stone
2. m?eflsnrnrdnnrd Flain KUB) .rrr.nud.t?ounrudfiuunrilflurfluc{ru
runru firfiunrnldflilNrnfrcvtfiufiail1ifnvrrru:$r.n2:rarunnrdeil c{ru cystine stone qyrflu
firfiuumulofirurntrad uoiarqm.:lrirfiufirfirurnrdn dtair.rdrnrnq?nrflufintrifiuuc{r
g. mrrdntr.mifirnrrud.rdaarnfr,rrdur6afi (tntravenous pyetograpr,v,uiarvp I t{qmqurfirdkifiuucr ra6ori.:ddrunhd6'^,.r.,or.fi. fifionrew{rotir.:Girtufrlrelrnd'rtu
1n nrerv{:Jeurinfinrni'nruna.:1ndfin:ln6aqjudc o'rcfinnmvln'rrsrdaulrdu{u16lne.J a -rJ-r
ran r y uf, o dndfr e.t- nmru rfrru fiu rfrrbl
+. nranmcdnnrrmrd (Uhrasonography) rflunrmmqdhirunrfiuoioff:jcu r.r'fio
'irrfndofrost{{'irurrguntiodto.nutdrinfraqfituT errduair6ueinn,Nluqjn.l.r s xu. u6o
fin'lrxuurvladr.tFrtt fi'rtorlmfinhi.j1qsfic{.rulr;noull{rnfiorjrlenrndrfiuq;nclflou
rdflturnqude{trinriltndruvrvqra?arirul:ll6rioemn lru.jrtufflur! unrasouno finmrul,l
'lunrrqrerqfi.rfu s6 vo (at drdndT ntranrrerirfieNodrds.r
Copyright by Mahidol University
18.
ntrir{ndlaanqrntr.:n1fl ntrir{oficoonqrnirrnrflc#rldlneAfitrrriu du
ffururndrurari.r unvrfinna.:fi'ru1i{1firflu
n. {:tcadfid.J udhiuoo,lnt n.r?fi qmrur d'rd
r. drdfinurnrfiurir4utfnntrfinn.ir 0.b qru. luriruuu.:tnfin,ru enu{uoqj'lu
,duh u'ttn.ndurrqnuontfiror don.u.ronrv{u1#uqnra.:ldflnnn,lfl#rurhmn1unv1fifi
nlfoannln.tn''tgcra0l1uuu{t?to{urJ
II
firkiuqn ro.:ncrfi rfi orn.u qornr er:Jdeuuilnslururorra.rfioufil un;
z, fi.du'nt .nrffurirqutinnt 0.$2.0 ru. doqjlunrrutn ldodotqc{ruuunra
inu.rlnenranar gfirfi.lu ertracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
dufudcdaflurdatn rinrfluiirdfisurnr6n ntrird'nraraanfnfia.rrir
dunnEreiotdotn 6.rfnrls{asl{unvfirfinqrrqnun.jrnrfiffari.:{druir.rnrmird'rr chud?dil'
turn1u4jlinfi aInrrunydrrfl uda.rldfunrecirn"o
n. {:Jrudfrdr uwfiornrr'hinrrinrniufiuudonnornrntrnfvreururiou ufi.r6.:
fiqrrnndrrfiunmrir{rrfi"roonqrnCrlnrfl d.rfi66nrnanraai #.rlorunrfl.j,ld'rruayrnnfinlri
frat ri r d'rr d'.r rial:Jd
1. Endoscopic ( cystoscopic )stone remomt tunaefivideaqlurialn 61il1?nro1
ficoantdTnss{annda.:airudaflaatrsrfirhjlunrryrrvflc{c{rey unrs{an61fldruni,rurffryialql
un;n'urarfitaon nrnidtraqjrfiun'lT rduaonldTprflner fiorsq;ruhiunnriouufir6rduaon
ado'lt ntoidiiroqluriotndruuuun;fiuaanhild fiarqn'urjrlfirfirhJaqlunacetnrdafng'r
lnsn'trdrd'n u?nlnan,'tennrtJfirriatl
2' Nephrolithotonry fionraairfr'nta, fi"raanlorflr.irairufirudfiurda:ro.:lorr{r1:l 1{q-.--^-a-4i-< q I v4 ^-3a I
tuneeilfrileuturnluqj {afr m.r?Gfifi a nrurnrirfimo ntffuu n r{cufo rdeda fi nrflirnrerdatnunvnnnj:vRvrBntnrnrnirgurortnnqlr;ursuhsw zo :rorlqfirorlu ,nr-drqrnnT rniT rdatnrffrlrJrfluu3nnrn{rrq;finrniT nrsrdotnrrfiarudqnlufind'n dudqnrdednaranon6ondqnd'nl:Jun;r{rudqnrfiuuun.lndlun,lrahd'nrrirudutr,fi.lrl,mdorrnf, drrflufrolirrranooudor,dilrrda.:1n ri,trillqr, r,r6ar,dsodom. r!.rfirtqtrnrdaorrds{rfluren,ru1u
fiqyrirtrinrnirmunarlndarun.r fi ntr.uouodrhCopyright by Mahidol University
19.
3. RTelolithotomy Fantaird'nrmrdrtutnoo nlnfl ajrdrunerErtn rftlil ntair d'rr
deee'ddrflunT ro.ird'ndfiHaderoialnriaen.irnT ae.irrindesifiaru rururyrtrufirfierunrrfin uny
neculoroqjuandutr ( extrarenal petvis ) nrlilelrnd,.turnrornraaird'nfi.rsiddaqjdnrmrufin
ilnfirornmetordrfluuuunrnulnaqjnre"lurdotn ( intrarenar pervis ) grJir.:,asfiodfioor.ou.n
mfl dr'lfi-uJ*arrumntorfiroonl6uuor ra?nfinrad'nmuu?nruirtnrirlrffrdardoro:r1fiibrufir
qutnndqvaiafrnlfr tuurlnaniaT nfirlryrataqnrdaordoonhilfi rirtfifio.rrird'ntnffr.r,}uuun
4. nephrectomv 6o nT rair oiorttat n du n.rinmlrnfi.rlutnfi rfl uiivdrdri,rulfilnflfiet:ldneoi.\nriurnu'lerildrn'rar.irfr'ar#onlcurdahdriln'aqlflrxru.nn'q, toretrid'ntni4.r
Tnerailrvturfl:lp#rfluriltut#rno':fir fiori.:#dfiorn'ntnd{fifio Jorflurauar uriluur.r
nrnl rdulu{rlcudfirdotnuturnqulriorqrfiutd uia fi6anoonrurnunvlrinrrul?nuqn
n1?oonno{ltdonlfi dnnuflildfiiT rflufratd'rrh#ua'an rdoinmfiimml{rJru lunarfid,lualufrntntnflsru'frari.:d fiotfiqmrurjr tna'nfir.rrad.:fiornrrumnrirmulddnodnnirffi
:J'lErdrNdanaqjl6 u?atrluatunrrfnulfirentffrrtnsfinnrcflunenidrirnrerirfinrorlnaon
ursc{ru r?fln'ir Partial nephrectomy dtesd'nrarc{fi{ lower pote tostoraon fr'rc{rufiinlrrufionjnfiodrt{ortqu ldrui calyx hl.rnoldlrirtfrfinnrd'nrauirsuayfinflrduludlfi.ir Er u?n il'do flso gturf,abr
5. Percutaneous surgery ( 35 ) rflun.rrr{r{ofi"raanlauairu6dfiarari.r tfiuripercutaneous nephrolithotripsy Xnst{rfiursT vgnrnfirni.rrffrXrJ(ln *rurdabrrfi,rtrl{nmalor
unvrioulturegt1traqjdur*'"euttud*c{a.rrftlilurfirunyduuarfioufiman*r tunmiddrfioulraqilrinrmrnduoonurtfi fl{ndud'nnnsrmf drfinlvratsnmfin uSotfiuarunnofi{rnavuvrntrxfir ugrn rflufiourdnnodryduoonlfr uias{nrfl'lfirflunenr
e. nrennrefirfi"Jg extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) €b ) lrrehifio$J'nreci1oTou?auvxvxqfirurft idnT edanratfrndudecrd'.r6girufiaurftunynd,rr.rrdo
rffrl:JnrvuvrnfietnenN c{rilTnt#tfifiudetnun:ryia1mc{'ruuu ndurdesdrtfificriuunnuiofi
surortdnm un;qn{'urlr.r*nrfuflnnrrrtfrtnad{:lcutrifiurrru6n ndudrirounyrEr'iordado
do,drtduodilT ut}iaeilrn {anmrv{.rdo tunminund'rnaf;d'flortilfintqorrYuvrr*6u
flglnrrv dodutnnrufirna#tilfiamneedrurnhifiu 2 m.r. adrnr#nu,riido,rq'lfirjrvnountaird'rrtunenidd.rfirurnlra4j ra?atfiqr-nfi'{fi,ruro.rfiafintdoriounmdrfirr
Copyright by Mahidol University
74.
nl?Euninmurlrvl-dil n1?qunfnmuuuf'11:l 6a nrnlfuuJdeunqfinrnrd
rdenriutntu''rn1r (30 ) lfftddrui::{rJcetenfinr,lnrJ*unvr fio{loudnr.ufi'lruol uiatri
vrarunr ruqufu trifi :lq{e drut ririaui.rrrna dt rfi fl .rfiu 6a nrrfl orriunmnd'u rfl t {. udon.t
qunf,nvruuutit'll tfi ra?a tT.:trirl rvm niq vinsnln fl ntr-ir d'nI
dvuonqlnufl.rlltrqn
o i o Ja- o ot o Jl d "-ruuu? tulrJsuyrrJonflnltnnueq{ mfluuenouyt{t
J a J : -inlo140ntng{n1?touFt?g{EJen unyy{u1fl''trJ
lfiuri
o -t .1t
lrrJ n rlluu? unn [TElilao n{1[nFl -Ya r snrJ F dd'rriu6ulr niuhJfi n r afl fl r s r il a nil3il 1 ilro { un a rfr fl rJ Ltn v
o o n{ 1 rn ntufl n n T .r vtririr n.: n'j r evdud rfl uo qj
o6vvv4invavaadyl1 tl{nel41tJoanqilfi $rFr lrnvnnnarfl ttJ ?fi n1?
\
1. n1?tdii$1ft,'rnnirlrn (32 , 36 - 40 ) rfluif;nrrrdu.dtdfi.,n.rsoufirlnsri'?1il
"i'rfi:lffiltlfiiluriTeflorrTunmfinfierln:Jrvurvr loru{nq:Jrn.r,#tftAm.,ri.tu,nu1ruil1nfi
rdoh1fi:lhnruflnnmvadr.rrios z 6mt6u d.:firqytrl*':llr.n1rufls$6rrvdrnd''rr {rtrufror
tfifirrh.lrsrurru 3 finrunvcvfrortfirurnn"jrdfiT rfioru'nreyfiorilnfidfintqrgrdurLrrn..nr- -- .C---hvt-.-V.- - -y-qt4ttvu "l
u o- - -<d, C- ad qeC V -fl{n'r€r 2ffn13Mr?1rlJ1 ne?spltu tneLrlangflolnuil{eu xfiyr{lErflqnnna tltorJulfltucfrl
:lranruaruradonv 2 ufi'r unvtrdu t uficturna.irq.rsaunyriouuou unvfirff:Jcufiorqn
du$nflc{nr'rv fitriduirrn-u^io^t 1-z ufir tfiorgo.:firqsrflusfintorfitfi snrffuwrdrFr.re
radnrdflltunl?v absorptive hypercalciuria unyrlT tT'lulrnf,rtfinunnrdfluaantrmrl
z. nr:.irrina1u1??rdil'oontn,tma{{ (22,2g,g2 ) n1?Ft?uqila1u,'r?dfioanqlma{.:sy
firJrvtfltrilun, naEoir.rl dtirlrfnnijounnrdnuoanf,'lrnn urinu'jrdfi:Jeylflqdfnrquda
enteric hyperoxauria, absorptive
hypercalcemia unv{:JrudtfifirnTrin:s.ldlfl sodium cellulose phosphate o.r.tdfioonsllnel
q.: orn ufl ufln+a rd a.rddr A'rgd4 t tn ",rnrd:l?uT
rura{oa n$ 1 ra ntfi'u{urfi el rfr nfio fl q:nr
hXlanrc{ rfi nardnmrunnrdsiloo nrr mn{1a{uil1nJardr
oontrmnfiiiaqjtuiT .:nrr lfiinqrn z uusi.rda
2.1 Endogenous source mqnrec{htdulne oonrrmntfluflnruAnfla{nenovu^lu
gtycine Ttu'irheac 40 ?ro{o€n{lmntfirJrqrninrru'ur'qrnorura doouounarulhscrn
isr, fiudqyfidor,{rrfrr dninenc eo urqrnhJefi uluotarr
2.2 Externat source clno'tu1#Sr:lanrulfiuri Eranlfi ffnn{uJrusir.q ddrtfifuoanqltanqlnolultnnattiarurirlfinrrfr'uoonqrrnnnr.lfls{s{'trvrioflnl nT rlfifirunnrdflillfr1
l:Jfi'rsfiev{ud'erfluunnrdfliloantlrRFrtuvrrrn-uotar#rrflu nonabsorbabte r1rfr-nlr:rrru
rnntdailfiafltutru#ldfuoantrmnilnfifiqsfiaonf,1mntuflfidrcyniiru{ulfit2s,42,4slvi6ofir
Yltt Imun
Copyright by Mahidol University
21.
tflu malabsorpion syndrome qnfirultriukild ltfufiqv{urYuunnrfiesJ(unyuJnflrdeill uytu
rirblaonqlnnrfludnev qnqordr.rtfiluvrrrrfiuorute{cut{rq {rJceornfilonrnfinhperoxauria lfi
s. {rn-aa rurrdrl' una rdsu q.! ( 41 ) nr sirrTaa tar #fi un n rd eruq.rhifi n?1rufi rfl urin rnvqvndutflulvrutiTlfiooffillrnn6lil''rrnqnqnrfiruld.hedud.rs:,ri,r1iriir6r.piloonfl,)
rnnlu:Jnn1,t vIfr es,n't d.rfirtuvrrrrfiuorulrfimnrdailtiosn"jr aoo iln/{u o,rsdrhhfiilnlrqndt|unntdssrq'lnilrlr6uatarrurndu u.rr.#fiuunrfisilliramrirtrir-r.rnrEJs1r6,.rt
orurffimd{unnirtritr{nrstfinnrrv negative catcium balance odrltrfintr nratfifi.r
mrar#fiunnrfiflilurn(mnn.jrrnft.rAu)fineflrdnrduonurn.r,rendrhifiornr.r;
hvpercalciuria ldufivrt rfiuotatq;fi dnmnmq ordu un n rfl em qlurnardrln fi fi nlr
+. nrrirrinorur#fikr.rr'u*g n,re{rnrrtrrdsillfriosn,j,r zoo mEq / {u u?od6
lriqn n'a trirJrsmru 100 mEq ra6alugrJrndaun.r s.8b nft.rdu qnirli proximat renal
tubule qna'r.rkra'enrnduadrsurn unslusuunrarY.lndtrsvqnfiuunnrdsundudrg ri,rtr1
nnnley hypercalciuria d.rSrrflu:lrctflrrilu{rJr#u' idopathic calcium calcufi lnerqfllytu{:t'Jfldfi hvpercalciuria nrvitrTnratureltrdeilad'r.:irfl da ufinrdemruredt arurnrru-n
nor unanfi n rdtNnrafiil rndauutncorut
o. nre{lrin..u.trdudtf nT elfifirota,taftlen'u,iru.nuJrn rirhifin,rerrannaorlu
iTsnrflu'ln{u fiarahifiadnrrfunmaanluflaaruu.ndu ( s3 t firti pH fla{fl6d,.r?ynnn{t
d':qvtjnorn'rrqordlunatdeilnffJd ci$.t nephron fiarntfin,rrtfuunardEruflr{flnarr;m-rudu
niaruriurhtiavd'ufirErrnluflnalt;nnardre urno.ndn.rlfia,rurelrjrfiurftrirtrifioonff,)
m n un v n rn snlurlla nmvil r n{udr a ( 22,u t ft iu6mr #q yd r rTnlritildRr rda *n *.'n fi utl F2) (mnn"ir t.z nfr.r/ tilrt:n 1 nn./ fil losratrrcoEir{fi{n.lraanlftl1a:m1uo1u.l?,{tnrcnrdaffndnsluorurertorfiu(sztad,N1rfi6ul-nenrdnrds{rdadndlnsfurlrn,ruusiqin
odrl rds'r arqrirtrilfiiufindfiaantr nnannrfiul:Jlnuranr;{dmdrnf,asioolurniseii6*n
arqtr ot unn tdsils1nuil rirtriaont r rn orq n q or6ru1dirs d'rfun'rr6unrrc1fl nnfi lrrfl rqdet#1do'uretfinrir.r1 tutlhlrrunodln??unvrururynrurTunnln*rrnrfl ad.r nu,i,rffrpatrnrii'lfin1dfutln1{l&t*tfifl{na tunrnidtrififia#rru fin'rruucurl#mhrunbi{unnley*ru 20G
300 iln. rdilfi rnan un#rhl1dfurh,Oiudr.
Copyright by Mahidol University
22.
o.udnrdfl{ardarcd1lfirfinda tfiuri acetazotamide triamteren€ tnrfiud inrfiud unsdlflJtvnauunratdeil orqfirunrirtrlrfioficffrnflrqnaunu.j'roTcerlnil'tanrerirhirfin- u 1 d I ov- I vrlq{ElrdEJ.luToda lrifiafi'r fin'rnaqnaT ra?nnnflu1r]ro{terliulnerffr{r; inrfiudGr.rlruuln
orqriTtifinlrilfinoontltnnilln{u (38 I unvinrfludorcil'Hnlfirr' hypercatciuria (4b )
n r nl o qiu ua Jn lu q&t?ufr o rt uvr r{ m-ufl n d'l'r ;c{ruuuliu fraso r dEJ nr ad nnn
flr.rfirursurnivrsr r*jerarflq{eduodti.ltX,fidrnficeanuyrr6uflnar.rydcuuudtns{tufir
ffrtfiu unvrirrundffiqlnn'rtfinvlr.n:jfii:Jq.r url'1nr-inrrflo.rrTu rdannanflrnnhErfi.relenr\v
fim:ruumtfii.rf,nnmvdauuu r.,ufineTruqrgrfletunrequninvrunsrirl{irfldrfiRilnn1r
r6u. -h fl dr strnfi r rvuumqfiur]s{ o'l"r cduuudl e
turjrvrvrntvrutt-ltlu ntdnurrdfl.rrTufls{flrdfl{:ro{n1?rflulenfi'lasuunrfiu
flc{nrevc{cuuu ti.:hiuniunrsfin d'.rrlulunT rd*rFod -rruiq-edda.:fia.rehu1uqj6rrflu
nmfinprtasdrsilryrna
nrrrlunauorinl#orn1r{fouunrrfi B Miaurn
y{.fi. 2527 fume a$v Scott (q€ t dnmr#l Occupation and urinary
disease drJrrrnn o-{rn$r nr$fr.rati'xrflu{:lcetrnfiomrrr.orfiuflsrnrey,ilueu
trsct stone:
aznflfiritru1utr.:{Trqndlunt:ruunautnuvluuruundunnoirrfiu nnnmfinmlru.jr{drir.:rulu
J a .ae I
rurunfiqzuuqiig q$idnrrnqlilqnm{tnltrflulrnfiqr;uuyrrrfiuflnnrnv6ln.lruarundqd
qnnaqfidrn'jr un;dnnqn€irqrtunrludri...*.rflunnruruluunundqruuqfi qr
n.A. 2529 :.12c{ qd'uurt.rinri{ s ) frnmrCa.: drvrr.rrdufln6mslulaqilslu,.tn
si,rlrr tasfrnmqrnnfifi{rlcaran"jr.:rdau ilnnflnil - fi.rarar 2b29 flu.j1 Ern{rhulrn
f,cvrrqror'uflncrl#.tmrns{eulurg'fiufielstunvc{cu1u4jrJ*nauardnrnsnrnrfiN ( tr}.l1 o/o }
lt.fi.2534 n?a4r$!61fi1mrqr i.rrriururivrardaoirrlun;dnranrflraries{ru ( to )
lddrerqnruqnmllrnflrtutn:unrs6u'r1ne'nyfi'rrlryrnrr lnent(udmen ld{rudnd'rotir.r tz {rui'rr (elnvlnn'tn t fri.rnTunf:lruiFunynrecnr.!frld ( Hain rug t luflfld!1irlr;{fihiuiluau nnntedtrzqnu'jr orilnn:*nanmru n'dnrrqnmrtenfierarunr.:fiu
:Ianrrvqrn'jroT frr rdul Copyright by Mahidol University
23.
n.A.2535 Pin uav nilv t +z t flnmrdor Dehydration from outdoor work and
urinary stones in a tropical environment . rflunmfln:c1lfi{dre?q n{r.rd'rodr.rtflutra +oo
"-lu drirrnruart'noirqriu arnnTrdnsrflu.ir 'lunriu{:Jrunauo,l6finCIru{r a1mfihu fi
dnn nrrruq nrollrnfirvn{ u6ufl c{c{re y qr n'lrn {udrirnuludr.r o rvir
TI.FI. 2536 Borghi [0rfltuv (48 t dnwrfrl Hot occupation and Nephrolithiasis
drlevrvra o nrd tfl unmfi nsr uuu cas+controt stuoydnurlunriru ffrir.:ruluddqruraqii unn
sirrfr'u nc$udnvr'drueu 236 mu rflunr{udni.o.t h.do'ln1fiiau ( 2931" c I uruficadr.rt\
rioudqn sfl ir{runau4r.r,iruru 165 r'lrl rflunr$ftiro.u1uddq*r4fi:Jnfi tzq-2t tllulrsrudelefr'u, unv{dfirlrvdfirflubnflrulriauqchiilrlrflnr*r aranmfinmnu"ir ndu
fr nu"rfi d'nn nrmruq nmrf,rtn 6ln.jrn{u neil Qrr a dr.rfi rifl d,l d'rgvrrufi fi ( p < 0.03 )
c'r nnt;lnmfr.rfrunqrJ.jr ordnn'nmru dur{ufoio ntrfl ulrnfi.rr:;:.ruvrrufi u
r1s{arcvc{euuu Inu{dilevnauardnnn'uu{t a1n1d$auunyrdaruioilrn rde{eiantrflulen
arnT nfnuuioldfl#axrn
nnrvrmn*5firor"r
ti.:hirru'jrfinrafin:vrnJ?eurfiaude"rrYuflq{edrumfl*g,lilcenr.l'r.l{drfluri.lloruny
hi rfl uarh urin' n T
ad nmnthdrd uo rd sr fiuflq{s dru rn eugruv 6o
u.A. zlgs ciu:ifi ucrHqlfinfi ua; c{;e1et ninlrfnpn ( 49 ) dnur,*o ^an.r
fnmfietnfi'tutdoonarude sonorrth 3ooo luleqfl''turnmuuriu n{ud'radr.:rflu{:Jeelen
ttiln z+z nfl ludr{ t ilno.rnrrfrntn nudT {:JcE i''rnntfinnrrunnnmintnrflu{,ru"ruxrn
fu t tu s d.:fl rprard'rnr{re rfi n{urdo{tr,lfl n ne1il sr nqurfl unr naEradn
Copyright by Mahidol University
24.
ntndilrhriocl
v1.A.2524 Griffith uas nrus (2g l flntr-rrduo n control study of dietary factors
in renal stone formation. drJrvryrnftnqu nr!rufrnr*rrfluff:J.ruil.rtn sl ?-lr n{r.rnluqr.r st
:'.|s lnflmatched age, sex, and area of residence frilnrunf:Jry66ntfil:lryilluo11t,ltttn;
tLdu tfirunlu t d:lrrrri arnnl?Anvr1iflr.j'r n{rudntnunynsiiln?unilfirlirurruntdurl'r
lnarqde t&'nninilq 1 nn.t6u hiuornsirrr{u
\
n.A.2527 Power uainsut ( 50 t flnunrdor Diet and renat stone : a cose - control-J,eta.t
study . firJrvrlad'.:nqu nrixdntnrflu{rl"rufulnntfir1a s1 fls gdiln.lu4r.rrfluff:Jruorud:
rurinsrtunnrtnfirdstlTu 94 fla fi social ctass hiuqnrirtfiu un; matched age dnmlnanra{rr:Jh.nruqrnnrniufinu.r.tunrrCn.tdudfirrlt
'ru lursudrr 4 i'u runnlrdnmnu
'lr n riru fr nr*-r uarn ajr nru rFfi rJ?m eunr adilti.rb,s rqde hi un n Di,r.riu
tit.fi. 2533 Borghi un;nr[s ( 51 t flntnrdAl Epidemiotogicat study of Urinary tract
stone in Northem ltalian city . d:Jrvrvrndmrd rflunmflnrnrfils{rrnq Xorenmdlu:Junou
nT.rnrrt:Jn*a1d o,ooo d'rod'x lfii:rn,nEraundudfroqn comptete 2,404 d'radr ,{nn1?
finmnu'jr ntirud'radr.:drnurjrtn fi:f:r.rruntduritadsriaiu N1nn"j1 nr!runruqru
aeiT .:fifsdr6'rgvn.rnfi fi ( p<0.001 )
11.F1. 2535 Pin unv nilt ( az t flnsrffi{ Dehydration from outdoor work and
urinary stones in a tropical environment. fiunmflnmrfidrmn nr$dhadrlrflutrs 400
f1u v,"lttn"ualfrrToirqrYu Ernnrrflmnnuir chronic dehydration rfluflq{sdsodA.Arpd
'lc{tlflo{n'ltlfluf,rvr1lrfiufl6s{1'Jv tun{ru{rla;nouoldflnnrlu{l o1n1fi5au unynrrilorrfu
odT s.irullnrenmrfiil Fluid intake
tI.Fl. 2536 Borghi unv nily ( 48 ) frnsrrdol
dtJtrron a'nrd rfluntdnvruuu Case+ontrot study dnnnlunr!ru {rfu rul#dqruuqiiunndrsrYu nr!rufntn,i,uru 236 rre rflunriuntti.o.t ludulnlfihu ( 2g3i' c ) lnud"r
odrrrioafiqn bfln{unnuq*r{1uxu 16s nurflunr!ruffrilt.tl#dqnruqfi,rJnfi (24-27 6,1
'luTrllrurdecfiu unv{dfi:]rv{6tflulendu.nriouq;l*irirrurdnue nnnrrflnrnnu.jr Fruid
intate lunr!ru{rfluiirln 6tn"jr ntiu4n*rflufirln ad'r{firifld,rfrrgnrrnf,fi ( p < 0.001 ) uoi
na'u{durictn *r'rGr.nrurlanmsriosn"jr nril.rff1rilfluilnbnd"o.,lnqrpdurhu,r.r#orru,
Hot occupation and Nephrolithiasis
?t''t{1u Copyright by Mahidol University
25.
1^t.6. 2536 curhantt6tyfttuy ( 52 tflnu,rr*.: A Prospective study of dietary calcium
and other Nutrients and the risk of symptomatic kidney stone drJa;rvrnnufggu?nr nr{u
d'lodrsrfluqnnlnflttnliufivrti tdu fi'ununyrri {ngunvrri frnrurrvrd mdrne "r dfiu.q
+ozs fltufl il.fi. 2b29 unctrifiilavifiro{n1?rflufi.rtor dilr Fonow-up ftudfl u.fr. zs2szssg
lorsnTc{{uuilnoun1ilvt1.r1rJm*n}I4n'l 2 fl ne!rud'rodr.:dXtffraqn comptete 4b,b10 flfl atn
nrefinsrnu'j't fi{:Jrufuulrnfltln sob t'rtr unvtunrir.rd ( case ) fi:l?rurzunrru?lnn Ftuid
intake rioen.jrnrjrunru4u aci,r{firisd,ld'rgvrr.:nfifit RR= 0.71,9byo cl= 0.b2{.97 )
il.fi. 2$9 Curhan $Asnils ( 53 I flntn#o Pro"p"ctive study of beverage use
and the risk of kidney stones. fi:Jrstnrtnraigaui?nr nrludrod'xrfluqna,rnrrrlnmurnryrri
tdu ti'ununvrrf {nqunrd dn.ruvrmd rnfrrnrr dfimq a+zs fltufl yln.252g unylriru'
rjifnotnmrfudqtn fJ Fottowup funf n.n. 2s2g2gg5 InErnrrdruuunouo,'rrJyn.r
l:Jrunitiqnl z fl n{rud'eodr.rdtfi{aqn comptete 45,2w era ru'{rJrulurifieetrnfiatn bgb
are elnnrrarnerrlfroqnrde'Jflu Ruio intake rqfl1s{:Jeuturi ( bob mflllneulilavdu fluid
intake rflu s gd'u n:r"jr neludr.r'rl?urru ftuid intake rvriu$ ( >= 2b38 mt / day ) filonrn
rdflrrionmrfl*irtr risfln.ir n4udfi:Grrnr ftuid intake rydud j l < 1275 mt/day ) adrdrigdrd'rgvnrnfifi t RR = 9.65 , 95yo ct = 0.s14.84 )
qrnnltFfnlnfrlduaqrJ'l. n.tdutLfir?.:n?rildrJr{ufun;trifin'rrrufirlr{ufriunl
rflulanfiotn-runr.r rduflanrnvdcuuu tunriudnradrurlrfi ^orufrir{uf
lru.ir nriu {rleedcmfirJ?e.nrunrtdurl'rrdfl/tu mnn.irn{rlrirflurilnt retrospective study ) uqrlunredntltl
ffr.ruriT ( prospective study ) rnru.j, nrni nuiO intafe rioetdfl.teianlrflulrnfirtnq.:n,jrnrmi
fluid intakeulfl
nr efi -rrl r;rnruo rur rfr-r?uql
T.A.251g coe oRgnolgt s+ I flntnrda.r The contribution of dietary purine over -
consumption to hyperuricosuria in calcium oxalate stone formers. dtl*rnrt nraigou1?nr
rflunTdnsrulllJ case-control study n{udnurrflu{rlculrnrdl catcium oxalate dndurfluf,,r
'i'turu 10 nunritnruqru{'u'lu s t u n'fia.'q rhrarindh 6R.'rnyr1{rrffr?gficuncdrnilrdu
rdacniu{rhe lnEriufinorrr#fi.,tlr.rru1u z+ r'btuo ujieurfisuffu arnnrednsrnu.jr
n riru fr nurfi mR.Ftn no ru r r dfi n,#u m n n'j r n {ru n ?u Q rr a dr.r il'rifl d.r drgvn.r n fi fiCopyright by Mahidol University
26.
v1.A.2522 Robertson unvnilt( ss t frn:g,rrdo{ The effect of high animat proteine
intake on the risk of calcium stone formation in the urinary tract.dilrvrvrnd.lnqv tflunre
frnvrtfiwornor td'rvflvt'rnr lz 6u nrlr.rd'rodrrrflutTud4tnTvr:lnfi 6 nu lorfl g iuurn
tflu control peroid nsjud'eadNqctfifirorurrl:lrducTnfrn{r;d'urlnfi {ud +rz qytfffirtuF J-t A J aa - '
rjir.rT rufrrfrruTuunvrnrufiriu nnnrrn?,rs:Jc{6.r1y 2+ dch.r raru'ir 1uryflyr.Jn.tdffu:Jrvytlu
oturrtJafius'1nfrn'i{.i( d.rqvfifidtsu6{) evilu uric acid , oxatate rnu calcium luflnnrcv q.l
ndrese#tfifu lilefi urydurlnfi odrsfirisd,rd'rgvnsnfi fi 1 p< o.oor )
Ii^fi.A.0522 Robertson unynruv ( 21 t flntn6al Should Recurrent Catcium
oxalate stone ,formers become Vegstarian z . dilrvrvrnd'.:nqu rflunmflnm retrospective
nrlruffcod'xrflufrrloutrnf,cvrTtrfiuflstnlev Bs mrr ( 60 ?'ln fi:lx6finrend'urflu{rm€rt
nJiuutfiEluriutra4mttrJnfi 22 r1H lnrentnril:le;,i6nT rfuil?yyt1ualu1il:lrfiu nu.jr
n{ru{rJcude firJrsdfinr?finlrunruotarrl:Jrfiulnerade q.:n.jrn{rnru4r loreraflrcl:lrfiuqrndnd
'ft.A.2524 Aiifitfr ttnrnzuv tZetflnmrdol a control study of dietary factors in
renal stone formation. d:Jr;rvrndlnqunriudnu'rrflu{:Jcuihtn st flsnsiruFrruqlJ bl :-lEt
lngmatched age, sex, and area of residence unydl.rnrunfilrv'5Entfiljt:l41ua1u,teunyrl,r
dru v?o"untu t ffiJaart. aranrefinsrnu'jT n{rudnueunvnr!runrnuqrfirl?e.nzunrnr?hnar
rarefieiiltnnrada IrSTrarinfrc 1 nndu hunnritffu' n,A. 2525 Zechner un;nilv ( 56 ) frnmrdor ldiopathic uric acid lithiasis :
Epidemiologic and Metabolic aspect dtlttrrn"oarnr6a nriud'radr.:rflu{:Jrflhnfic uric acid
'iruru rz nfldhiil'arntrm$rnrfi'rr{ nrlr.rn.ruqrurlnfi 10 yre ilnnor'[fi purine toading
udurmnnastu'i't n{runru4r.rfievd'u urate luflanr,rvriauunanfirnrerorna.:lriunnrirlfiu
r{cunrlr.r{rJrEilmfu uric acid finrefi'u urate vn.:rJ6nrrvq.ln"jrrioulfi orat purine toading
adrrfiriedrd'rgnr.:nfifi ( p< o.ob )
n.A.2526 Fellstrom ttnsnilr ( b7 ) flnr*rrdar ft," influence of high dietary
intake of purin+rich animal protein on urinary urate excretion and supersaturation in renal
stone disease. d:lrvrvrnairnu nrjud'rodr.rrflu{:Jraf,rtnr I rltt lnrsnlflnnnoltfiorure
l:Jrfiud'r z ffiJnfi lrJafiuq.: z ffi)a'nf arnntnmqflc{n1ey za d'rlruqru'jr ntirnJryyrru
atarrhJrfiu{.r ( fir?u6.: t qvfirJhlrnr urate 'lufldnm;q.ln.jrnrafilrlma4ruo.ru,ra&Jadudr- A.l at I da o
t fr rTuotr I odr.liitittdrdrgvn.rrtfi fi ( p< 0.001 )Copyright by Mahidol University
27.
Tr.d.2527 Power Bo3fttuc( 50 t frn:yf dn.r Diet and renal stone : a case - control
study . drh"tntt olnqu nrir.rdnr*rtflu{rJrufietmrflfir1er s1 ma n{rnruqr.tflufthudud
rutinsrtulcartndrdflsfiu 94 i-ltt fi social class ldumnd'xrYu ttou matched Rge finmtnil
nrrinr:Jlurrus'lnn1fliufinr'',rrrourrud"odudfi.,tlrrvrru turan.iN 4 i'u nnnrefin:*ryru
.jT n{rdnmBavn6!ilneu4ul.r'n'rniSlnnotarel:lrfiuq1nfrndT rut#u hiunnrir.:rfu
Tt.6.25i4 Trinchieri uaynily t Se I flnmda.: The influence of diet on urinary risk
factore for stones in health subiect and ldiopathic Renal calcium stone formerr. dilrvrvrnd\
n1d rflunraflhtnullu caserontrol study nrluflntnrflu{rlcaf,rlordndurflu#r hfl'lsivlflu
s{1ruql 103 ?1fi nrlunrruqr t+o rrfl tnflnrniufinu.rl#f,rtJraqrulu z+ f,,tllll Hnnl?
flnmrqu'j'l n{udn:*T finmfi:ilsnruatarafiriu il1nn.j1 nrlr.rnruqru arjr.:firisft6'rgvrr.:
6nFl
I't|.fi. 2536 Curhan[ovrl6uv ( o2 )dn:tltro A Prospective study of dietary Calcium
and other Nutrients and the risk of symptomatic kdney stone drJevrvrnnuryausnr n{u
frrodrlrflu:1nn''tnrrNnlrutnvrti tdu fiununvrti {nqunnti dqrruyryrti mfrrnr . dfiu.q
+ozs fl1ufl n.A.zszs unvlrifi:lrv{6to{n1trflufirtqG[ rotow-up #ruri fl rnr.n.zszszb33
lrrsnrec{ruuilc{oun1ilvr1.:1:Jnnfirir1n12 il nrirufrradr.rd'lrifraqn cunplete r.l' ao,sto ere
runnltfinu'llrl'ir fi{rlce1urid'relend'rbr sos nuuavnrlxd t ff:-lcaillnt finmr?lnna1u,l?
trlrduq, ndnd rurnne'rnriilnrilqil ( RR=1.33 )
cr n nr r;l ntni'rr dunqrJ.h nrrfi .nJaanruo rur efi "r*^dr?r nmu ft .rr{ufun Jl*ifi
nerrudr.rr{uf,rYunT rrflulrnf,rln dotun4udnncrudurdufvru.ir nmfir:Jmnruarurrfiriu
6udmria nT rrflutrnfirtnrurn"jrnmfillaanrua,udriudt
nr efi.rilenn1ua 1u1rao nfl 1 rn a6{r
il.fl. 2524 Finch unvnur ( bg ) frnrnd"o Urin" composition in normat subiects
after oral ingestion of oxalaterich foods. d:Jrvrvrnd.rnqu rfluntrfinvrriuoraol ndu
d'rodtrflur{fiq:rnrn:Jnfi g fle hinefi:lecdGntrfluf,crurriou lrrflnretifir:laynruorum
dfi utntrrnorlursri'u rir, 4r unvtri,{rrirrorum nnnmdnurnu.ir n,rrfirrJrvvtruol?r1?
aan{1[nnq{ ssfinrnTuaon{1mnn']{flc{nTJsr{rnn'j'rnT tfillafin1uo1u'lmantrmndrunyCopyright by Mahidol University
28.
lri'irlYerotaT r unsntiuiltvr4luol?r1?oontrrnorrirqyfirhrrruoantrmn'luflanmsDirn.ir
n r rtri,i T rYrrarur e o d r.lil'ried r drgvr r.rnfi fi
rr.A.2524 criffith ua; nrur ( 28 ) fin,rnrduo A control study of dietary factors
in renal stone formation. d:levlrndsnqv nrludn'vrrflu{rlrefirtn sr flfl nr!ilneunt.t b1
atg lnematched age, sex, and area of residence unrffi.rnrunf:lry,56nrafir:hryt1uo11,t,lt
u^thdu #lrarur,tu t frrJornf nanradnvrnu.jr n{rufinr*-run;nrjruneuq*r r':J?mrun,re
u?ln na tam,oa nttn nlor u,uda I ri,rurin n-c t n n./iu ki uor n oir.r rTu
'N.A.12527 Power $a;nu; ( SO t dnrgedol Diet and renat stone : a case -
control study . diltttnn d'.:nqu n{r.rdnv-rrflu{:Jctrdrtnrrilfirlsr s1 fle nrlunruqr.rrflu{
rJrfldudurinrnturenrlnfirde.:fiu 9a ms il' sociat ctass hiunnrhrfu unu matched o1q
frnslTorsnrefn:J?anzuqrnnrniufinotamunrrodo.dudfu*rnru turna"ir{ 4 {u arnn1?
frnmnud't nrjrudnr*runrn{runuqr.rfinrru?hnrolu'rroon.rlmnlnflradEr triunnrir.:riu
qrnnrriilnvrfrT s#un4Jr'r nrrfu:levrrrluoll,rlrnomrrnnx'r?.rnmuffur{ufuwhi
finrmufrrurnriuffrunmrflutenfirtn ttun4rudfinr,tr.rdur{ufiru.jr nmfirrJrrnruolulr,gon,4 ' qs .,,1u , '
fl 1 rnn4.! rdtl{ria n1'rijuJrnilrlnrutn.j'rnrefil:Jranruolulraa nrr rnnd,r
nr tfi lrJ e gryr rua 1u 1 aun n rt' au q.r
n.A.2524 criffith unr nru; ( 28 ) flnrnrduo a controt study of dietary factors
in renal stone formation. vi:Jrvryrnd.:nqu nr!rufrntnrflu{rJrudrln b1 rte nrjunru4u s.l
rtg lngmatched age, sex, and area of residence unrfrunrunfilrv'5finmf:ril?yyt1ua1u,'l?
u^"hdu rftratntu t d:Jotf runnmfrnrnnu.jr nr!ruflnmurun{rnru4r.r ru'rFmrunrr
u?tnnoruT r unarfiE rrlnerr"du I rirurind'r 1 nn./{u kiunnritriu
y1.A.2525 Marangella unJnoli ( 60 ) finmdo{ Hyperoxauria in ictiopathic calcium
stone disease: futher evidence of intestinal hyperabsorption of oxalate drlt;ryrndn,rd rflu
nrrdn:rrrQlvtnno{t nriufinmtflunriru{rJculraficunnrdeild'l*inrrn.,r4 { idiopathic
calcium stone disease)63 na nr!runcuqil 17 r-ru ( Health controt) tore'lu{uuantrhfrn{u
finununvnriilneuqil fi:rlr:nruo'rurnlnfi Bdeflns{ouflns{1nr z+ drhr nudr n{rudnvrCopyright by Mahidol University
29.
finra:iuunnLfiflilaonmrrrlnatrvq.rn.jrnrlunrcu4ru adr.rfirisdrd'egvrtnfifi ulavrornarhX
unntt'suluturortlnfi uavrirn.jrruorJnfi rqfl rvtun{rl{rhafin 22 r-l€r r rudrnriudtdiu
unntfiflildT finred'uunnrfieuflrlfl66T .rvdrn.jrn{udlfifilo^urdfluilnfi odrdrirdrd'rg
vt1.i66a ( p<0,01)
v1.A.2527 Power unsnilv ( 50 ) dn:*T da.r Diet and renal stone : a case -l-l
control studv . firlevrvrn d'.rnqu nrjrufinvrrflu{:Jcafielnrilfit1s s1 fler n{runreuqrurflu{
:hsadudillin:*r1utrnr1ndrfifl.!flu 9a vrfl fi sociat ctass hiunnoir.:rTu uny matched orqi
flnmtnenreihtGr,rru.rnnrniufinr.r.ruurrdrodudfi.,tjrrnru tumadr{ 4 {u arnnlt
finunyru'jT n{uflnmunvnrlunuqrfinrni?tnnarurrunnrisr.rtora#a triunnrir.rriu
n.6.2532 Fellstrom u0ynily ( 61 ) dnm#l Dietary habits in Renat stone
patient with health subiect dtJttrnn c{imu rflunmfingruuu Case+ontrol study nrllflnm6o{rlceTrnfi'rtnnindurflufr{Turu zo rl€l d.rhirnflldfirr{ruunitdenriurdamlfir
ilasnruatatr nr$r,rnnuquda{rt.rudtrirfluAotr tore match age,sex,scieeconomic, working
habit dnmtorflnrrqn:iufino'rra'',tdfirtlrrn.u1u + {u nnnrrflnsrru"j,r nrlr.rflnrnun;
nr!ru nnu r;ru fi ntfu :l ryvrluo lvtleun n rd fl u lri unn oir.rfiu
11.F1. 2533 lguchi ttffvo0lr( 37 ) Anlr1fto oi"t ry intake and Habits of Janpanese
renal ston€r patients dtlrt,rntfl4u rflunraflnm[uu case{ontrot study nr!rudntnrflu{
rlaslandrhdkiroutr.rr4 tt'rfi{1a 241 fla nr!runcuqr.rrflut[1Erqnn1y{rr' soz fler ara
nrefimnnu'jr nrru3lnnotamunntiuurornriuflnmun;nrlrnrruqulriunnritrYu ou#.nrlr.rf,nu"run;nrirunruqruu?lnnorumunnrdsildrn,irmrurfiJ'rrngrudn.rrlfifu'lu r {u
n.A.25i4 Trinchieri unvnilt lSg t dnmtdal The influence of diet on urinary risk
factore for stones in health subjea and ldiopathic Renal . calcium stone former". d:JayrvrnO
orrd rflunreflntnruu casecontrot study n{ufln:*rrflu{:Joafirlndndurflu#r lnelsiytnu
c{1tlrE 103 fllEt nrltnrruqu t+o nfl lotetn''rfliufinorrrrdit'rlr:mru1u za f.rlru atnnlt
d nunnu'jr n {u fl nvr un rneju nru 4rufi ntfi.nl rrnluo lul?rnn rfi ail hi unn oirr rYu
il.fi.2536 Curhantl6turttuz(521fln:grt?m A Prospective study of dietary Calcium
and other Nutrients and the risk of symptomatic kidney stone d:Jrrrvrnnraiganr?nrCopyright by Mahidol University
30.
nrirufreodrrrfluqnnln??tlrnrtunnri rdu fiununnd {nqunvrd frnrunvrei ndrnr r nifi
oTq 40-7b fltufl n.a. zszg unrlsifiilevd6rarnrarflufietn r?ru Fottow-uo rfio*ifl fl.A.zszs-
zsgg lnenradruu:ic{aunrruvrrrtr-lnrniei4nl z fl n{rfi'aadrrdtfi{aqa comptete 4s,s1o e"ra
runnmfin:vlr^lu,ir fi{rlceturiffenlrnfi.rln sos rruunrnrjrud t {rhadrtn t finrn"r?Inn
otatunnrdflil fioen.j1nrlunruql adT{firifldr6'rpvrr.rafifi ( RR=0.56 , 95yo ct = 0.zt$0.73
, p= 0.001 )
c'lnn1?AnE rfT .rfiuaqrJ.jr nrefirrlesyr''lua1u1tunnrfieilfif.rnc'lr.r{r.nduf,unylri\,
ru' nmr.r fri.r fi'uf,riu n m rfl utrnfi atqlf,o , J< v efirlunr{rufifi n.rrildilfiufr{u'i1 nrafii:Jryyrruortl?
unrnrdsudrrdqoionmtflulrnfi.Jtnxrn'ir( Prospective study ) urinl$nunriqnoraol nu.jr
5u:Jrvnrualulrunntdsr.nJn6'[un{u{:Jruiirnvfinrrfi.runarflfluaanylrlflnnr"r16n'jrnriu
neilnil o ci, ul'rirudr d'rgyrlr nfi 6 nur*'ur rurthiun n rdeillmur nrJnfi unvdr n"jrrur nrJnfi
ranrvlunr!*r{:hudr 22 T1u fl:-r.i1 n4xdtfif.runnrdtrillir fintfuunarElsiln.:flcn''rr;
oirn.jrn4r.rdlfi fr runnrdaulnfi ae jr.rru'rirudrdrgvrrrafi fi
ntfu:l rsn1uf1.r rufi sr rfl urj rs{'r
?{.rt.2E3b fr?r,'rlr{ rofinnorrQor ( 18 ) 6nunr?a.: el?ieutfisutlq{grdtr.r{:Jnelrnr
Plain rug u?a vp :lanfilutmrreTurn:$fild lns
dntn{:JrulenficnTrfiuilnn.o#oruun tofidfrnflnffiil ,iru.ru 1g2 r1u un;n{ur:Jiuurfieu
I vltr rnru.ir tfiortodrrdfi.nlrvrrurflurle;ir iinmilusrnsirrriuodrrn'riar{rdrgvrr.:c{fifi
6o{dmr:Jrnnrufr1eruflfl.rrflurJrv{Tqvfin.nurde.:rionrarflulrnfier:ruun,x6u:Jn6my q.t
,uJ-tetn'lr{fr fu:Jennruffier{rrflu:lay{'t ( oR=1.8, pvatue =0.04b )
n.fi. 2b3b drurnruf rrdur,ruonnqn ( 62 ) frnvrudor n'rrrufrirfiufra.ta.*rr.#1d
iuto.rnultrnrnn;{uaanrderruflasaqlevrvrfityrfl riuntrfinlrnfi.rln unvlrnlnd'unrnh,itfi
nrlufrrodr.rrflu{:Iearillor {:lcutrntord'unaorhild um6dkirfluArkrtnrlr.rrGtruriieu)nil
M :'rsTnsrfi:Jfi"raeir.:atatrrvirGmzudfirrlrnnruqS.:rfluten1 3 r'ufindori'u rirurflnun
odr.ravro'enfi.:tflprsa.:arurrunv:J?rurzurta*ara#fi.nlrvyrru Inflnrfirnnvfir'r.rrnfi rJn
nt rfr nsrnu.j r n r ni?ln nfr r.r nafl e'rhi un n rirr riu lu n r! ru n-aa d.orY.r* t
Copyright by Mahidol University
31.
sr n n 1 tA nu.r{r.: frun grJ'h n mfi .rrJ ryn tufir r nafr ec fi f.: nmru fri.nt'uf,un C*ifi
nnrufrrufufriunmrfluTenficbr drlunrir.rdfinrrTrufrrur{uf,rnu.jT nrrfirilrsyrrufimnafimrfluTlry,irdfl{eiontrflulrnfi,rytrqfiuflr{sqreyrJrn.irnmfrr:lrnnT uffr,rrftrfluileydr
nlrr{u:he fr.retrndffa.:uouulu1
the
ilnEl
,j,t
anFl
n.fr.2531 .Hwang uay nily ( OS t frn:yrdn.: Effect of prolong bedrest on
propensity for renal stone formation drlxrnn nraf,gou.r3n,r frnvr1utrflEfln,'lt{
I fls Tdsnr?lfi Bedrest unv4rfirrnmrndautrae rflunnr s frrln'uf runnmf,ntnnu
finrrfi'u prnrnldar.r v,lonllaid oon{lmn sonntflnn.',.rq$t odNfirifldr6'rgvrrr
( p< 0.05 idlrfluntrrfiilnerlrrdfl{tunrariofr'rsor catciunr.containing renat stone.
tuo nsudsa{ Newfoundtand mr Labradanriud'rod,sv?rdu un flEr arnnm;lnrn
n{u{rJrurar$rdrflulrnfimrr6uflc{nrcc fi:1ru{fi ntr{ur-l.rfl d.retenficluvrrsGu
cr n ntilnu l{r frua qrJ'lr nrrl*i ndoulue fi .:nrs rfl urqnlurul rdu.r oio ntrfl u
d,rlql
.{r66ajootA.ntfrrJr;riE riu:l.re.i'relrnilrrvr.runrqrfr uflddm;luurjrgrfi1nffi n
v1.fr.2522 Junghall unvnili I O+ t dnunrdo{ Family history of renal stones in a
population study of stoneformers and Health Subject . drjestflnndr,u ufluntdnryrri.:
drmq ruantf,nsrnu'ir nrprdfirJrvi6.irdurjctqt ston+formers ) fidnflnrer{u:laefi.re
Irnfirvrr.rrfiuflctdr"Jvtor:lnnntunraunir urnn.jrnrir.rlrirflufi,r (stone free controt )odrldv I / aqililgn.lnrufl1llnnn uwtunelustone-formen V'tfifamily history of renal stonefidn?,tn1r
e 6 3 -lnndurfludrtolficln q.rn'ltnrlt No family history of renat stone odrlfirhdrd'egvrxnfifi
u.fr.2523 churchill unvnilv ( 65 ) dnmrdo.r urolithiasis - A study of drinking
water hardness and genetic factors . firlrurvrnnuftou.r?n, tfluntfln:g.ruilil crossectional
study
nu'j't
fls{c{rey:lnlfinr il1rrt1 q.:n,l'rn{runruqruodr.rfiriadr6'rgvrr.rnfifi ( p< o.oot )
Copyright by Mahidol University
32.
Y1.fr.2526 Robertson unsFtrus t OO t flntnrdal Study on the Prevalence and
Epidemiology of Urinary Stone Disease in Men in Leeds d:Jayrvrndlnqr* rfluntflnmlAldreertunr!rurlrvtrnrtflnqre Inent€{{uuuc{aun1iln1.rtrln*niri 4ruou s,467 frioeir.r
lfrfu nmomufrmltffioqn complete 2,sgo d'co dr{ fl u{i"nn ncruqnrorlenrfi.ryrrsfiuilc{c{1es
fntrav a.o un;nu'jr{virflutrnf,rvrrt6uflnnrev fi:lrvi6n,ur{u:hflfi.rfllanfieyrrufiu
flnnreysolqnrnnlunraunfr rurnn'ltnrluneuqru
fl'6. 2530 Trinchieri unvnils (67 ) dnmr*.1 Famitian aggregation of renal
calcium stone diseas" drjayryrAO'n1n' lnenrad.luuunountrvn.lhlar*niri nq'rud'rachrflu{, lr d J f,.
rl'rflila1nfru'tflhtnfrIr.rns1u1art,u'i1.:fl n.n. 2520-2s2g ran,rv{rJcudrfluriunnrduudki
fle1u6'rt1rq ( pase t lfinrlr.rd'eodrdlfifioryn comptete 214 Tltr ( SZ Vo ) n{r.rncuqrnr!ru
utn {r.rncodr.lnrnuiadoqlnfirfie.rrfudfinnttuendarunfirsnfuriu nrlunreuqrnr!rud z
rflu{nr.raa:ror case lne match alqunvr?rfi arnntdnuenu"j,r nr!ru{:had.l ( case ) firjrc6finret6urlcflfinfltrnfievrruhurJnnreyflo{n{nnatunrounfr ( Famity history ) il1nn"j1
,'unriruncuqrur{.rno.:nriru aeir.rfiriedrd'rgvrxnfifi ( p< 0.001 }
t{.fi. 2533 Borghi un;nil; ( bt 1 dnrnrdol
tract stone in a Northern ltalian citty d:legrnfldnrd
Epidemiological study of urinary
rfluntfr nurrfu drarq lnsnmc{r
uuus{oun1ilvrrrl:ln*rfl{ o,ooo fi'rarjr.: ( zs ga saqjrymnr ) ldfirnrrnaundudfraryn
comptete z,qru ilqah{ ( 1 vo mqlrotrnr } arantflntg,fiu.jr
nrer6url.rflficslenfirlngatqnnntunraunfr (Famity history of
n {r.r ncu qru e eir{fi riedrdrgvrtrnfi fi I p<0.0001 )
n.fr.2il3x Thun rlff&frmc ( 6g ) flnmrdso Urotithiasis in
fica dtdhiru'rlrsdfi nrar{urhe fu elenfi'rvnr rfiuflc{are vso{q n nalunrau n icdrnrgm.rnfifi (on=g.g , 9b 9o cl= 1.$7.41
elnn'l?ifng.lfr.:fiurrqrl"ir nT ni:Jxidnmr{u:Jrsdeslrnd.rvp.rrhu:Jn6mssa.l
qnnrnluneounft fitonrc{de.:rionrarflulrnfiqrt ruflrr6uflc{nrcs rurnn.jr nrlhiu'rJrv66 nr rr{u:J.r adf.J Hlrnfi'tnrs fiuflnnrcvmlqn nnluneau n f,c
nrirud'rad'rsd,n*i.tr u'
kidney stone ) rufnn'j,t
Tennessee : An occupation
window into a Hegional problem. fi:Jrsrvrg nraftau.rSnr nrlr.rftoti,xrflu{drir.r'ruXulrr.:ru
qndluntflJxdn uranium totuios Tennessee ,{'uru 208 na unyelnuio{tnfrrde$ruru
4,331 :'lrl trnnl?Anu'lnu'j1 nr!rud'eodrrdru'rlry{finmr6urhefictnrnfi'lv1rlrfiuflnnlls
mrr;nnrntunmunir n'lonrnrdtroianmrflulrnfimn:uyrxfiuflnnmv rurnn.h ndru
og1{tJuEl
Copyright by Mahidol University
+
AH 33.
J | 4 q eJet | |
a1 fl .rfi a npj arn nr a?l ntr-rfl c{efr il arn rio ntrfl ulanfi c eyuuyt r.l 6uil6 6 1? tfl n.n.
( dnluYtr )
HecflItta{ d
i{nn']rffnEn
u.A.2519
(drai5
ouGnr)
n.A.2522
tdtnq:*)
fl.A.2522
tdrnq:*t -
n.A.2522
{nirrru }
Coe,Moran,
and Kavalich
\I
Robertson ,
Hgyburn,
Peac'ock,
Hanes and
Swaminathan
Flobertson ,
Peacock,
Heybum,
Hanes, Rutherford,
Clementson,
Swaminathan and Clark
Junghall
The contribution of dietary
purine over - consumption
to hyperuricosuria in calcium
oxalate stone formers
Ihe effect of high animal
proteine intake on the
risk of calcium stone
formation in the
urinary trast
Should Recunent Calcium
Oxalate stone formers
become Vegetarian ?
Family history of renal
stones in a population
study of stone-formers
and Health Subject
v. o I I .t a6HU?EI t?nu? tnil nlflJttnn
iao .ra 1u't?fr rJ=fr ?fti il 1 n n"i1 n 61il
n?uqil o citfirisdrd'rgvn.l
fln9l
nrrlfiful:Jrfiuc1ndnft{f, da cr . I(til{qsilT'| ?il{{u tun Eils 1n
{snT{ilnficv}muric acid,
oxalate uflv calciurh lu
flna1.r; {,tnd1ayfl #tfriirtrlrfiurudurjnfi otiNfirie
drdrgvrr.:nfi 6( p< o.oor )
nriu{rlmih ru':les{fi
ntfir:lrcvrruo'lu1 ?Tilrfi ilolnEjrans q.ln11nqilneu4il
lor E rsnr vt:l rfi uqr n 6'n {
n ri# rfl uii'rlor fi o'n n n r rrh sff.r fl tmdrfl rl fiufl€{fi 1?y
fl o{qn natun?ail n f.J il1 nn.j1
n{rltri rfl urir a drdriu dr A'eg
vnrnfi fi uavtunrluiiatndfi
family history of renal stone
ru'd'n er n r an du rfl u{rm lfirlnqln.jrnrir.r No famity history
of renal stone oeirlfiriedrA'cp
il1{6fifi
\ -r o53 5P$u3e956
Copyright by Mahidol University
34.
Jln1n.tfi q ciat npJanntfl nlr1fls{Emdfi anriantrfl ulrndaerlmomuflnnres
( 6nlud )
u.A.2524
6rnqut
u.6.2624
tdsnryo
i
Griffith,
O'Shea,
Kwany and
McCorhick
Finoh ,
Kasidas and
Ros
v[.fr.2523 Churchill,
{rtufg Maloney,
ou.r?nt l Bear,Bryant,
Fodor and
eLult
Urolithiasis-A study of
drinking water hardness
and genetic factors
A control study of dietary
fastors in renal stone
formation
Urine composition in
normalsubjeots after
oral ingestion of
oxalat+ricfi foods.
nriru {rJnurarft d,fl t le^donrro
rfiufls{nmc fi:lesifinrerftr
:Jrsdreilenfietx{vt,x sdu
fls{nrecro.tfin1 il1?n1 q{t
n d r nr$ nru qlo d,Nfi rh d r A'rg
vrrlnfifi ( p< 0.@1 )
vt d n
{rJe uf, cln unvn rir.l n'ru qru fi
rj?r.nzunredr.rfir, nr ru?tn n
arurrfi e?u,oon{,lmnunc
unn rdsulas rad Ir nhufn d'e
1 nn/{u hiunnsir.rrfu
nT rfi.njgyrruolultoanq1 lnrl
6mnintfiroon{1mnn1{rJnnr.raltnn.it ntfi -nl a:nru
o luraao nn rn q dr unsbl{rryn
a1u1?un;nlrfidetmtuotuta
o a nsr,n rui.qsfi rfiilr suoo nsr
m orluflee rccli,r n.ir n r dtri
{r rYnatata dr.driudr A'rg
n1{6na
Copyright by Mahidol University
JC.
n1?'l{?r! 4( eio) ngrJarnn'r#ntnrlq{Eidil'runrianrarflutenfiran:uur.rrhuflaamz
fl n.n.
tno.ufi't
HesEl
J
tf?{td
ilan']tnnE'1 .
u.A.2525
(aogqrerSfl I
u.A.2525
(oDl"ln )
v|.A.2526
(adrnul
fi.A.2526
tri'rnqv t
Zechner ,
ffluger and
Scheiber
\II
I
I
Marangella ,
Fruttero,
Bruno and
Linari
Fellstrom,
Danielson,
Karlstrom,
Lithell,
Ljunghall and
Vessby
Robertson ,
Peacock,Baker,
Marshall.Pearlman,
Speed,Sergeant
and Smith
ldiopathic uric acid
lithiasis : Epidemiologic
and Metabolic aspect
Hyperoxauria in idiopothic
calcium stone disease:
futherevidence of intestinal
hyperabsorption of oxalate
The influence of high
dietary intake of purinerich
animal protein on urinary
urate excretion and
supersaturation in renal
stone disease
Studies on the Prevalence
and Epidemiology of Urinary
Stone Disease in Men in
Leeds.
n{ru{:Jcalrnfir uric acid
rl'nrrfu urate fl ''t{fl6c{1.Jy
6n'lrriauti oral purine
I oadi n g g d r.:ru'rig d r 6'19 vr r.r n fi fi
(p< 0.05 ) drunr!runruqru
fi r;du urate 1u:Js{s{mvriou
m md{r n 1 ?yt n nashi un n sir{ fiu
tunnr#lfffu ota,r erlnfi n{r.r {:l.r fl Trnfi r fi nr ri'u un n rdeu
oa nnNfl6 f[''ter{{n,j1ndil n.JU
qruo dT .rfi riedrA'rgvn.: nfi fi
tu{:Jc erfi clor n I efi .r:J ryvrru
aru,rrftJ#u6.r tf,a?uqrl rv
fi:J?l rzu urate luflgqs{,t,t r{{n.irnrtfu ilriln'luo,t1,t1t+-r^c--!^,-< J. | 4vru?FluFt.t (1 t1flJn1) afl1{lililfl
dTd'rgvrr.rnfifi 1 p< o.ootl
{d rfl utrnii'ryr ,rl 6ufl6r 6 1 r tfi :l rs{fi n r e r6u,rl.r e d.lfl lrniau21t1{ nu:.J6 61erm{:{nnn.lv[unsoun??il''lnn?1nqilR2uRrJ
Copyright by Mahidol University
36.
n1?rr?lJ q oiol
fl n.n.
t no.rd t
ryrJsg aantdm*'t
Yr.A.2527
drnryu
Power,Barker,
Nelson and
Wnter\i
I
Fenie and
Sctott
n.4.2627
t d.:nry*)
Diet and renal stone :
a case - control study
Occupation and urinary
trast stone disease
fimr.rrfiuflnnm;tu
Ielytstrnsi'nJ'x
Familian aggregation of
renal calcium stone
disease
,a - ll I d
HUXfiUztr|UnUnEilnflqilil
:l?r.n nrn mdurh,u?tn noruturdusrnfrn{,oonmrnql
unvunnrderutnflrqdstJ
{drirnuluuruundqnruqiiq.rqsridnnnqrruqnmrnmrflu
Ienri$rrrYrrr 6u:lnnm qr, J J ,'
n'j r unun6u1fi qruuq fi dr n'l't
umdaarqnfu6.:lunriud
ri rmr.sn rfl ur?nrululusrun
dqruraqii6.r
ftJ'ruhnihvrt6urlnnm;vft ur nd'rulur! rfl ufirln un;
r{ eulurlrJ*nCIuo liln nrm?
n???J(63.11 %)
I v. tr d r 6nriu {rJcufu fi rJev{6nr*{u
:l.tt| fiqfl trnfiefl rl 6u:Js{nrq ;no{qnnntunrau nFl il1nn.j1
n rimru qm drfi ria dr 6'rgvrrl
dAA ( p< o.@1 I
n.4.2529
0ltgrvrnlvret)
n.n.2580
6nrd t
Trinchieri,
Mandressi,
LoungoCoppi
and Pisani
Copyright by Mahidol University
37.
nlrr.rd 4(dal ngrJnnntfr nrgrflq{#finnsiontfiuland.rotr'rorhutlnn'ns
fl n.n.
t no.unt t
rymsJt30{ nnnmfimvr .
a.a.2531
taufg
ou.r?nr)
Hwang,
Hill,Schneider
and Pak
\I
i
'n.A.2592 Fellstrom.
{ nimu } Daneilson,
Kadstrom,
Lithelland Liunghall
T{.fi. 2533 Borghi,
t6nrdt Fenetti,
Elia, Amatq
Mdloni,
Trapassi and
Norarini
n.fi.25ff! lguchi,Umekawa,
lshikawa,Katayama,
Kodama,Takada,
Katoh,Kataoka,
Kohri and Kurita
r d{ur
effect of prolong
b€dreston the propensity
for renalstone
formation
Dietary habits in Renal
stone patient with health
subiect
n1? Bedrest uny4T rYnnrtrdrt
luerflunn'l s frrjntffinra
fu unnsileru r.lonr'lafaunv
oo n{1 mnoonnrrJnnrl;{du
odrdrisdr drgvrrafi fi 6< o.o5)
d.r rft rnr erfiil nmrt rdeclunr rriofiego.t calciurrcontaining
renal stone.
t. d r r dHUQAUX ['| Un;nEil n?ilqililn',]?
fu:lnmruarutunnuEleil
lriunnrir.rrfu
Epidemiological study of
Urinary tract stone in .
Northem ltalian city
D,ietary intake and Habits
of Janpanese renal stone
patients
I v ' dc lr <nqNnmgNyrrlruu?lnil
rj?r.nnrntdr.rrlrtne #fl do{u
uns fi nrar{u:Jesfiastmdrtel
fl a{q n nnluntoil a feil'ln n.j 1
nr$ nuqr ati'Nfi riudrdrg
yt1.rs{nfi( p<o.ootl
nrru?tnnorrmunnsil${
mr{rhufirlnumnr$nrqu
lri un nriT rrTuo^*fit 6rl.*io1tBasnsiil nfl qruu?lnnorura
unn rd sil ei'l nrir nzudu r ngru
dncrtfifirlu r {u
Copyright by Mahidol University
38.
nr1.!tr{ 4(n'ol nE:JnnnT rfrnsrflq{erdil'arnsiontrflulendoearuy,ru6r.rflnnr.l;
fl n.n.
( no.ud t
{?stldtt0.t nnnreflmyt
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uuliilsrderd
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The influencs of diet on
urinary dsk fastore for stones
in health subject and ldiopathic
Renal calcium stone formers.
Urolithiasis in Tennessee :
An ccupation window
into a Regional problem.
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95 % Cl = 1.$7.4 )
ar6ln nr*nrnrru fidornqn
m'rlrnficr:;rnrfl1{6u
fl n cr.rv6rn'lraT dnodul
Copyright by Mahidol University
39.
n1 ?1.:d 4(ria) a grJruanr#nu,rrls{E dfi arn oia ntrfl uTanfieesuumr.: 6ufl s{nmv
fl n.n.
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6nrdt AmatqNovarini,
Romanelli
and Cigala
Dehydration from outdoor
work and urinary stones
in a tropical environment .
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fic1n6rn.h ne!ru ff1ri rfl urirCopyright by Mahidol University
4.0.
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T1.A.2539 Curhan ,
{nuft lMllett,
au.Fnr) Rimm.
A Prospective study of dietary -1undr.r{rleaf,c1n
Calcium and other Nutrionts
and the risk of sJmptomatic
kidney stone
Prospective study of
beverageuse and the
risk of kidnev
stongs
Copyright by Mahidol University
J:lvtvt 3
4dc - -ecff'a1tuun1t lqil
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Copyright by Mahidol University
flauudu unv nr!rudzad,.:tuqruaudiinnntm'rqyrrsfrdivrflr ( uLTmsouruo t ddrirflulrnfie
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Pl = 40.9% =0.4@ t drrchutorase d Expose siaflq{snrrfiJrlrnrufrr.lrufim I
F =.2CI9+1(.273) =.341
2
Copyright by Mahidol University
4t.
O = 1-.341
f =1
1
= .659
=1
uvluFhlu{Fl? nl = ( 1.96+0.84 )2 x ( .341 x .659 ) x 2
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a. drurrurl?rT ru fir?u aon{lmn unardeu rflunyuuu I fina'nfi.rl rfiau )
ncrrudtunmfi rrjeyyrru / rdau
Copyright by Mahidol University
d'rodrr ntdrucruurr-FrT rufic?uqrnatamdt^rcnrn3or1ufrn{
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dunrunlluqutu tdurdettiun'rrdunrunfnrirud'nadrrlulesnerura6urinauuriu d.rffinu"rrflu
Copyright by Mahidol University
ntrn?sil un ;iranlrffia {a
lcvdavovrfi o rfi ufio qn u6fl uh s ufrc rir{oq nru r n rrcdou n.nil q n #ar unvn.rru nu:; mfras
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Copyright by Mahidol University
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r{oq'rfi nT nur nr!rufinu"runrn{un'ru4rur?orur firdatrfitvrsua;r[ufianrffu'rqyrn
(hens too.o)
Copyright by Mahidol University
47.
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drd'rgvrrlnfifi ( p=.mtz) tnu{ddurhfioan'ir 2000 iladu filanradehroianmrflulenfirranumrs
rduflc{c{m;chuuurflu t.g irir mo{ddurlr#rusi 2000 un.du {utJ
:lrsmilmrfird"t#tJ:J?r,{1 nrlr.rfrnmunvn{runruqr.r r{cu1urfdrurlrdurflurJr;,{r hq
rflufnsns go.7 unv w.o nrrudrrru ram.:r.ndarh:ia ( $.oeffi 9.0 uar o.zt u.#.ilrvrlr (?asny
s.3 unt r.+l riaadqndofiraenunlnh ( hany r.0 Bny z.+ t uiarGeu:lrymflsa.:rirdt#r,rflu
:l rsdrranr'rl n{x fl nrr un ;n riu nru qt udcr,ru.ir lri un n rir rTu I p= .21 o I
tfioqntfircdfi rilrvilrutflujavdr nrlruflnwrua;nr!runluqru r{.ru1rar$furlranrufi1'l
nafiElrtflu:lav'{r finrfluhflnv 9s.7 unv $.3 nrildrdu drufir{rt{rfinrefurir:nrurjry{rrflut a Y" | 4 | a ^- )
s{rufioe rff.rlunritfinmunvnrirneu4r 6a $asns 4.3 unr o.z orrrudrd'u uayrdsr:SErurfieu
tfirrsadt'ldfrr:irwrrurflurlrc{r earjrsnr{rudnvrunvnrjrn"ruqruufi"r flu.irteiunnri,r.rrfu
(p=.2841
&eynarlunrrfirrlr:m,tuffrr rufl fl c lunrlu fl nur uavneiil n.ru qudn tl"-rnufire
naflertflulav{r r{culrar!fu:lrwrtrmrflunnrurun.jr zo fl Aorfluhflnv 9B.o uny gg.s a1N
drd'u
Copyright by Mahidol University
49.
rgfl ymnltunr?fi n h:fl ru,il'l"rr{1 tun{lfr nvrdfuilaanruffrnr{rrflurJeydr drulrad
cshnjrvnrumrflurcnr <= 20 fl finrflufnsnv 60.0 d.runrirun.ruqufiir:rlennruffr'rr{rrflurj*,4r
d'rulraqjfr.nJrrnru r rfl urenrurun'jr zo fl 6 or fl uh eny z t .+
nrrs.rrjayrnruorurrficsu n{ud'nadr.:#suiln ftrdr:rnruarur#flfir3ur#s z2g7.6a
*r n /r6ou lnu n r!r.r d nm r{rulu4j filJ rr''.ur.".#fi fi dil q.:ndr rnrudrade 6n fi uf€ ens s8.6
urinr!runru4ru r{au1raqjir.rilil;nrua'ru.#fi*'.,tu drn,jT rnrudr#e finrfluhflnr ru.g u-rdor:Jisu
rfieun''raiuilavuruorurefi.iiuwu'itnriudnvlunvnq'unrnuquud.rnu'jT fincruuqnrirrfi'uoeirl
firiudrA'rgn.oodfi ( p < .00011 taaffinrlesnrua'rurrfiaiu6rn"jtnnrdrade filanrnde.tria
nrarflulenfiea;quvr,ufiuflos{r.r;druuu 3.9 wir mr{dfu:lranruarqrrfiriudrn'jtnzudiade
nmfi-njrrnrua'rumadnmrnn nrll.t6'radT.:fi.ruuafi.r:lrvnruurr.#fioan{1mFl
*du ess.zsr.rn/rdau lorunriufr nnnunvnriruneuqr r{ru1ur$iurJrnrua.r.#fi ,rnr.,u,,i.n.irtnruvirode fintfluhflnt bo.b uat 7b.7 nlildrrTu uiaulieurfieuflq{enmfillevnruarurr
oanrltnn ma'jrrnriuflntnuavn{un'ruqr.rufranu,jr iin.rruunnoir.rriuadr.ru'rftrdrd'rgvrrsnfifi
(p < .0001) tneffdffu:Jarn.r.t.u.tdfioonqtnn q.:n'hrnrudr#e fihnrnde.:eionrerflulrnfi.J
rvuumrufiuflnar,rvs{ruuu e.r wirm.r{dfinJayvnuatrnraonllmqr drn.jtnrucTrade
ntfii:lrvm1uorumunnrfieil nrlr.rd'.rodr.:#suuorfr:rlrvr.ur.r.#fionnrdsrJ r#El
19G3.32 rn/rdau drnr!ruflnrnunvn{uncuqru dnulur$firrlamrua.rr#fi*urdflildrn"i,'rrnru?i
#s fintfluhen; 06.7 unv zo.o nr:rdrfru riljorGeilrfifluntfuil:firuorumunnn'gu
mairmr$ufl nurun;nrlrmluqt ufrnnu.jr triunnrir.rrTu ( p= .48 I
t.s fq{sdrunrfllu (r.r.od z )
nredrdcfl6celrndffoluauurrl nriufrnvrunrneiuncuqu r{culraqj'u.r*firJec,l6nra
r{urlced'lelr^dfrror.uur..u1finrfluhsar 98.1 mr gg.b nT udT du firfisrs{euriotdil'ilacifinra
r6u:-1'rsdrelrudfrsot o*ru1 finrrflufosac 1.9 $nv 0.s qrruc{'lfru uiqnlitnrrfisuflq{fldrunra
r6u:lcsfieelrtdffaoutut ruleua.jtnrlr.rflnuT unvndr.rnru4uuffcnu,jrlriunnsirrfiuflr{afifi
(p=.372l.
I
Copyright by Mahidol University
50.
rgtgrenrlunrfl6, rdcu,loshirndaulucilsnrrr drufirnr$fl nlnun;n{uuouqudfi
:Jacifintr{udesfieelandfiaouuuu.ul?u r{'ru1ur$firvssrcnltunrer{urJ'rel4aXrimdoulu'r
fiqnrs:lmrsu 1 6au hnrflufnfln;7s.0 uns too.o n,tudrdu
rjes{Bnmr{ud'rsdhfltrnii.rilr.!6uflnnres1uu{rurfr1nffan n{uflnurua;n{unruqn
r{ruXrarg'trifirJes6finrar{udffidaelrnijrnrrduflnnmv1uraqirgrfilnfrin f,nrflu$afln v 52.4 anv
aa.a drun{ilfinu"t un;nr!runauqudul*mn1fl{urlasfi.retrnd'rflN6uflnnr.ry1mrqirg,lfi 6rl
rflufosns 47.0 unt to.z rnrudrdu nrdor:lifluffieuil?s{fintr{u:jrsficflIenfirenruvrnrhu\
:Jnnrevtuuqirg{AtnffAnmadT rnriudnmurun{rn'ruqr.rufi'lnu'i'r finmtunnri,rsrYuadtil'tftt
drd'rpvrrmfifi (tp = <.m1 rlneffiilrmnu{urlffidfrabndqvlr.nn'xr6ra]nnra;tuu{rg,rfiIr r
1nffin fitanrerdtnriantrflulrnfimgum'n6uflnntrvr{euuu fiu s.oo wi'r mqdhifir}vffinrer{uhudrelaniie?alunT .: rfir"rfldnrevtuuqiqrfitnffi er
Copyright by Mahidol University
51.
n1fl {d s.,irueuun ;h un;mrn{u d'aa drvir uun orru dnsm"li.ttfe eVl Innl*ilgiletll nrjr.rflntr-r (n=210)
,iruou ($oen;)
n{runru4ru (n=210}
4ruru (iafln;)
/ ,r^Crude OR .959o Cl of OR
elll2v2sil
3G3e fl
4G4e fl
5C5e fl
oofl{utj l
f r s.d.
min - max
I1Tfl
{1El
urDr
dnluJ]1yt8{lJtfi
lnn
ufire,usir
uoi+rruaqjdcariu
uriwruuunrYua{
nrrdnu,roreAN1NE1ilfiEJilfiNLfl
-lritdr?Erumf.:da
-rJrsnrufinrrr
rioeilfrnl*ldutl
-rioeilfinln
ard,rfimfl
4erruflnvr2
I = 0.0239,d.f.= 1, pvalue = .877
24 (11.41
il (25.71
58 (27.61
51 (24.3)
23 (11.0)
4.31 all.&20 -71
115 (54.8)
95.(4521
11 (5.21
1215.71
186 (S.6)
1 (0.5t
187(89.0)
3 (1.4)
184 (87.6)
23(11.0)
13(6.2)
4(1.9)
6p.e)
24 (11.41
54 (25.71
58 (27.61
51(24.31
23 (11.0)
M.57 711.74
20-70
115 (54.8)
95 (45.2)
6(2.e)
27(12.91
177(U.31
186(88.6) 1.04
4 (1.e)
182(86.7)
24111.41 1
17(8.1)
3 (1.4)
4 (1.e)
.57V1.925
Copyright by Mahidol University
onm{d o. hunvmrnriruFlnrnunvnriunruqr.r un;nmruftir{urfrr,r.ir.nlcisnrsuanlfirntrflu
trnfi.r en.tuYrr.r rfi uf Inn'n s6{euuu
dmnundbhJ nrlr|finm (n=2101
iru.lu (fosay)
nr$neuqru (n=210)
{ruru (hsny)
/\Crude OR 959o Clof OR
nrnlrgnailorqhmdn
orfint{uawru
-nunrnenflrun?
drsls \
ardnhl{ubr.rru
-frrntn1aftfurfie
unslJftfrl
+giriru
-tftd:Jrnauardn,
I = .@0,d.f.= 1 ,prralue= 1.(X)
114{tf3)
s![5.71
3.26+1.85
.f = n.'tsod.f.= 1, pvatue= .00@1
ersMrarnmunFrsiardau
<= 20{X) U1?l 94( 44.8}
2001-4m ufl 48l2a..gl
> 4000 u'T1t 68{92.4}
irs.O. 4ixB.33 te4.44,
X = . 201, d.1.=2, p-rralue=.$)4
179(85.3)
16508.6)
14(6.7)
31(14.7)
21(10.0)
q38)
2(1.0)
158[76.21
52Q4.81
2.$X1.@
$02.9)
4W2.st
72(U.31
4671.S a5*55i12
1.0 0.6891.715
1
2.56 1.693.87
J12-1.717
.63S1.780
179{85.3)
170 (81.01
e{4.3)
31(14.n
27t1281
2(101
2(1.0)
<= 3 fir tffi)anf
> s fiJfflnnf
i t s.d.
1.106
1.059
1
Copyright by Mahidol University
53.
nm-{d G (sia)$tsnvsarn{lflnu,runvnriunuqil un;n?1!frur{'ufrr,r'jrrils{snrsuonfiu
dngnr:;vr"Jtl nriruf,mre (n=210) nriunr.ru4u (n=2101 crude 6R gbyo o of G'iruru (fnsnc) 'iruau (Saenc)
mfltfirqdflrnurdau
< 1@0 ufl/nu/dau 148t70.51 141167.11 1.05 .trJ7-1.8n
10m.19@ urvr/qr.r/rdou 3b{16.1 42eonl .&ts .41sr.673I
>= 20{x) urvrlAwrdou 27(12.91 27112.91 1 -
ir.s.d i 118.4231612.19 1102.71t1524.99)
t = .806 d.t. =2. pvalue = .68JV
n1?nuu1
< 2m un.6u 110(52.4) n l#.71 1.$ 1.286,2.ffi
>=2(XD iln/fi{ 100(47.6} 1frt{6.3} 1 -
Be.d. 1831.t13 + Gt5.67 210.24xn5Jg2
L=10.497, d.f.=l , pvalue= .(D12
rjrmrnmqlrdt#l rtlrnjsdr
rhrio rqe.o) 13{6.2} r.607 .72+s.1s7
hfldrhdo lel(el.ol 1e7 (e3.st 1 -
-fiTurependrrh
,f = lzle, d.f.= I ,pvalue= 270
182(86.7) 189(S.0)
7(3.3) 3(1.4)
2(1.0) 5Q.41
rfi eqasfiredS-nJ$m,rurfl urlssdr
fiT'rruiig,r mlitrtsJl 1st9g.3l 1.s95 .676-g.n1
{rrr{r 9{4.3) 14{6.7) j -
x,2 = 1.1N , d.f=l , p+alue .284
Copyright by Mahidol University
54.
n'rm{d o. ( sia } $osncsornrirdnu,r unvnriuncuqil unsn?1ilft.ndufa:ra.irsflq{mrsuonfiu
nmrfl ulrnfieaanuvrr Guflnnrcsdcuuuv el, Inn:gilwl.ttl1 nrla.rdnun (n=210)
d'u.ru daflay)
nr$nrnuqr (n=210)
,iruru ($oflnv)
, Crude OR 95% Clof OR
rsfl grcnrtunr?fiJrlr:mrirff'rarufifl e *
<=20 fl
>20 fl4(2.01
197(98.0 )
123(58.61
87141.41
N5.7921T17.$
rgfl s re n rtunr ?fi nl r:mru#r.J r{.r. "l
<=20 fl ' 6(60.0)
>2o f, , 3F3.3)
ntfiljrvvrruo'urrfifru
104(45.9)
106(50.6)
859.761798.41
70(s.3)
140(66.7)
>=mrud# u b=1z87 iln/o)
.rnsud#e kzjfj7iln/n)
tts.d.
12= 45.085, d.f.=l , p+ralue= < .@01
nmfi n laryrT ufindfiaonqtnn{r
>=rnil?ir#H b=635 iln/n)
<rnmdr#s (<lst iln/n)
<rnzudrqde (<63b iln/n)
its.d.
x2 = 8.72, d.f.=l , Fvalue= < .0001
ntfi irjrlfl ruarnruan lEl fl il
>=[nfudr#g ( >=1s finrh)
Its.d. 2102.0\28.ffi 1824.62a178.Ut
I = .ff19, d.f.= 1 , p-rralue =.463
3(1.5)
193( 98.5)
4(28.51
1001.4)
55(26.21
1ssrrc.8)
1769.51+ 128.87
51Q4.31
159f/6.71
411.741M3.61
63(30.0)
u7v0.0l
3.984
,|
2.G|& 6.018
3.059
1
2.019 4.tr15
1.167 .n+1.761
. clnndildfu:Jrnrufirr ndaa* r qlnnriildfu:Jryyrrufrrt{,r
Copyright by Mahidol University
55.
n1fl{d z. hanvta.:nr!ilfrnmunvnr!runluqrunvnrmufruriufena'jr.nJq{adruJrifin,rn6u
dcEl
nrlrfln:n{n=zto)
4ru'ru(hEny)
crude Gn{r.rnaurtru (n=210)
{ru?u(henv}
95% Cl
of OR
mg\lrirne i
trvafue = .372 (ifvalrc by fishs exast test)
a.e6in 1 n6u:l e fl ft elrnfr c ?u:Jufl '!.! fiuildem gtffir{ru r fi
4(1.9)
208(98.1)
dN 100(47.6)
-H" 'tJ' 110(b2.4)
)I = 51.086, d.f.=l, p+alue = < .0(D1
1(0.5)
209{99.5)
32(15.21
178(84.8)
5.057
.45G 36.616
3.181- 8.040
n pl n n nr nar ncril dilfuf?:rrh{flq{fl dNfu nr arfl utrnii.r ea.runrr fiur1nnrasd.ru
uil c1nn1fi rnrrnid'l u:lfldm nu.ir
s{euuu adrsn'risd'ld'rgrn, .:nfifi ldurl mdrlrgtfir6urlcarfistrnihnanrvrr.rfiuflen,rarluuEi
rgrfilnfffin ( p<0.0001 l nT efi.nJavvrruarurefia?uqrn'hrnrudradet ( p<0.0001 ) n,witlunntu{.rludaT nvhu :.trnn.j'r s iUdilnlrf ( pco.ooot ) ntfu:hnrua,'ruroanmmn6ln.h
rnzud#s ( p<0.0001 t nmdurlT rlofln.ir z00o No/{u ( p=0.00r t s{ruf,q{#kifinmudur{ufrYu
nT arflutandreruun'xfiuflnntrvdruuu lfiud mflr5jtlus nmfi:rlr:mtuorureunnrileil
n'reft::JavvrT ufrrl nafifl r fiurJr{r nrar{urJaedretendfrauauulu.l ( nrm.rd g )
Copyright by Mahidol University
n131.r1a{ I Hnnl?rnn.rrlldnr{ufr:;tr'ir.:flq{a0i'r.:lfiun, rrflutrnficennmrrfiuflanr?vs{ruuu
qr n nrri nn ndd'e uilardec
nr ari. l rv6fi r6u:-1.rs d'Jstanfieevuuvnr r6ufl ne r.lytuuqirgr 6tnffi or
nrrdmunnr':u{s1#aT nrfihu urnn"ir s fiJdrln1f
ntfir:Jr:mruoprffi riug n.h rnrudradui
nrefu :lrvnruarhr:nan{1 mn6{r n'jtnrudrade
ntdlrirria un.l'1 zooo ra/du
n mfi d rwr rufir'r nnim rfl url rc,{'l
nmr{:::.leed,rfl Trnd fia.:uouulu'l
nmfi-r:l*mT ualratunn tdeu
n'rrfi vlfltfigornrrouni'l <=2000 il'rfl/dau
<0.0001
<0.0001
<0.0001
<0.0001
_ 0.001
0.2u
0.372*
0.463
0.904
t = pvalue by fisher exact test
'!
Copyright by Mahidol University
57.
2. n'r1rfilfl'ufrsr,r'irrntrflulrndrffirrnrrrfiurfaolccsd.luuufiurlrr-eoi, q frrsnr?anflf
Multiple Logistic Regression
. tunraflnrnnqrildrJr{ufean'irrnrerflulrnfiae;uunrrGuflds{r'r;s{ruuun'!flq{trdrder
fro.r inflsfunnnnmuurinuriurourtudur{uf,uuunr:inmvfnnnoflyrquuunainfin lna?ir
nmrdond'lu:lruuurflffinau (stepwise Losistic Resression) 6afinre6'prrdand'cu:hfinvffrrfirnru
n1? lnflnrflr'rficu:l#finrnrJfri.rr{ufriuntrflulrnfi?rcuuvn{rfiuflc{nrcvdeuurs, nd4orruT rfir
arunrarflud'ourn qrnrfuqvrflunrnrloT.ruil#ddqornhdnarrfrrnrunra r*iorlfi:rJq.rnunrflridduvlll
unytu{unauriall:lfiq;rird'"ru'rlrfifinmufrr.rr{ufriunmrflutrnfima:unrrrhuflnar.xdeuuuuoi
n;d'cdna6or{rn4n.*t lt dqortrifid'.ru:Jr'lordu'n'rruffi.rr(ufriunrnflubnfi.rr;uunt6ufldstl?t
c{ruuu qv'[
, .JJ eFt1{'lmnEJ,uo{
annr:i rnnvrf lnfl fi rnt6o nd'a url#fi n.Jrildilfufiiuntrflulenfim:aruyrrufiu
flaar.lvdruuulfinr.rnT #ruilT ;s{il d'{d
Loge {p, / ( 1-p,) I = - 1.8603+ 1.zldl99(FAM }
* i.zooo ( pu )
+ .8679 ( HOT )
+ .8037 ( WAT )
+ .6291 ( OX )
qrnnunrelfiliruunrirfrr urJr{u d'rd
.r lay,ifi nrerflulrnfimn ruyrT .r rfiuflnnra;luuqirurfilnffi n
_{ilhr"ruJ
r l ry66 n mirirl ffimuo rurrfi ,fiu
>= 2297. iln./ 6ou
< ?287 iln. / 60u
FAM
1
0
PU
1
0
Copyright by Mahidol University
58.
HOT
1
0
WAT
1
0
O(
1
0
uanclndd{nrnT.rlfirh sensirivttv T0.$l Vo,sir*ificitv 72.41 VotraKrlTrnirurenrlu
d"rodwhaflunriufrnm#an{unnrqillfiliauov tl.Gt d.to^frfi..nnunrrdrndm dtnm
dmrT nrir o&s Rstio luwlnsflq{atdf,d r ".ttod
g I
ilfi{6mrrflrrlmdhflrruirureuflnerxd"uuutnr{ru1fi1nffi o qrnm$unrpfd"r
ruJarisfiamui'lduo.uqufl r{ofrdffi amufrufirifiTuntrfl ulranj'rnrurm'n6urJenms
d,ruuurfio n{ildza?hdrgrfilnffiaihJrdhrnrrflulrnihmnnrtrf,ralnerr; iihnrnrdulrio
mrrflutrnd'rnnnnrrfiuflenregd'ruJurflu a.ag sir m.rn{ufr'ratirdrgrfilnffinhifirJsffi
ntnhirftotrnihmnrntrfiro]nem; (p < .@t l
nr nfrrmunn, s u{.rLuda r nr ahu
> 3 {uldrjntf<=g ful frrjnn{'
< 2m iln./iu
,>= 20@ Un. / {u
!
e , -Aan1t:ml En1llfl rmiloD m.rtn nI
>=635 iln./ 6au< 85 iln/dau
nu*rffirir - 2 Log Likelihood = /fi7.81
Un;8n11$t1lll1;6ilso{t6$ffi3 ( Goodnees of
nm$rqlJ1s6u(p= .3ggb I
rrt I tosl{ chi*quare mrCr eunrrdfi
Copyright by Mahidol University
ntfirrlrsnruorurnre?u qrnnrfi rrnnfd'rurlerfi l{aurnru'irda ncu4ufln{aduldn
^"rrudur{udrTunrerflulenf,eranumr6uflnnl,rvd,ruuu ufinnu'jT nriuficaeiT.rdfi-,tlt.t.u
o,rrarrn',1?u6n.irmruviradu(t=zze7 un/rfiaufiTanrnrdflsriontrflulrnflmmurNfiuflctnres
d.ruuurflu 3.sg ryirmtnrlud'codrsdfidr:mruotarefir?ufiafln'irrno$it# E\< 2287 un/rdsu )
(p < .0001)
nrnimunnru{fl#ornrnffnu qrnnr:6mnnid'cu:lrri.rfiau nu'jr uianlu4u
fle{adu1dfinerildilfiufriunrerflutrnf,erarunrr6uflnnrrsdar"niuufi?flu'jr nr!rud'codrtd
rirlrunaru{r1#arnrnrnumnn.ir g du / d:JorTri fitonrs{dflssianTerfluXrrd'laruuvrrlrfiu
flanr$deuuurflf. z. 3g wir msn{r.rfiaodtdrir.rrunnrsu{.r'[#a1n1fifnu <= 3 du / dtlnTf
(p =.@03 ) r
n.tdutl\ qrnnrfi rrnnfd"r u:Jer6l{ou vtu'ir
nrarflulanf,6:muyrlfiuflnamyd.ruuuufirnu"jr nrluff'radr.:ddlr1rfiafln'jr 2000 ilndu fl
tanrc{ds.:Fiantrflulendorour,.orfiuflnntrvc{ruuutflu 2.23 ti.t to.:n{rfieodroddufi.f,.
uoi zooo un./{u dul:l t F=.ooob)
ntfillewrrufindfioa nttnn qrnnrfi mmnfd'c u.rlrrfi sfiaunu'ir rdaacuqr.rrln{tr
drr1dfi^o.udur(ufriun,irrflutrnf,cr;uunttfiurltglc{r'l;deuuuufilnu'irnr!ufi'rati..diu
:Snrufindiioonsrmor qrn.irrnrudi#s (>= 63b iln/dou fitonrs{dwsianratflulauf,o*ru
yrr*fiuflnnr.rvdruuurflu r.88 uirmrnriudhad'Ndfirrlr.,.ufindfioansrtnndrn'jrmruriradEl
. ( < 635iln./6ou) ( P = .01M)
c,lnntd,lu'tnruratruurin sdutalnc'lu durfuf ulunrm rnn:nf,dr urlari'rfiau
nu.j,rfl q<sdfl {dfi nerilfri.n(ufrTunmfi ulrndmvuuvrnrfi ufl nnrqsd'lul*.ndtltoiontuqlJ
fln{rdu1ufi.rdo :Sy66nmuflutrnrfiranuurr Guflnnrav'[uuqirgrfilnffB or lnsfi rird'nfl dfl ld*r{vrf, a.ag yir s{.1uflq{flrde.rdfinmrufri.n{ufrTunrerflulenf,'lrruuvmrduflndtQ;shwrutol
nrrur 6a nrefi1lrnarua,rra,rrfi"fiu6n'irrnrurirads ( >= 2287 un./ r6aut , nrRirlrunarsu{t
tudarnrnfqu, n rdurLrioen.jr zooo xn.6u un;nmfid*mrurTndfioonfl1mnq{tn'j1nruvi
,#u t >= 635 r.rn. / rdou t tnefirird'nmrdssd'rurdnf e.sg , 2.38 , 2.23 aav t.gg st''lildr6'u
t ,.r..d g t s{uflq{ndkifin.rrufrufiufrilnmrflulrnfines:Juvlrtrfiuflcc{r'lcs{'ruuu tfiuri
's1fi ordn rAo,r,odrd'Hdr.rrflurlev{r rfinmrfr1'rdfu,Jr.t.urflurjrv{r nTfuilrunru
a'utunrn tEi fl il un:xJrvi6 nrer{udledrebnd froluouulu'l
Copyright by Mahidol University
60.
ellt'l{vlJ I riT :Jrahrunrnfirnofra.rrlns-arirqriunrrflulrnfimcrfiJflrlrfir"rflnn'ydruuu
unvnruutin urium.r nmudlc{ufqrnnrrirnrrvr,f, Murtipre Logistic Regression
'S.E. ( B) Adjust OR 957o Cl ofG
prralue < .0001
1.rNl99 4.8 2.815 - 7.135
2.203 - 5.694
1.608 - 3.831
1.416 - 3.523
1.159 - 3.036
frnlfirnruolutn-c?u{an.jrmrudrodfl ( o= 2?p- iln-/ldnur pvarue < .0001
1.2606
pvalue = .0003
.8679
dilrlrriosnn'r zo00 rJn.6u pvatue = .000b
2.38
Pvalue = .01O4
1.88
Copyright by Mahidol University
61.
n1r1{d 10. ujiflurfisudl crude oR riu Adiust on m.:flq{Erdfin'rruffiJfufriontrflulmfi,l
enunrrGuflddrevd'ruuu
Crude OR Adjust OR
5.06u':l rv.56nT *{urice frc elrnfi ervuu 4.48
3.53
yr t rhufln s{m vtFrl{ rg r fi lnffi or
3.98fi .rrJ ayyrruo rur qfi ,fi u6.: n"j T rnrudrad e
(>= 2287 run. / rdau )
2.35
2.23
1.87
2.56
1.90
3.06
rirqunarru{rtufiarnrninu > s {wffilnT f
dilrlrr1genol 2ooo iln/du
firrlnrrrualulman{1 ran{{n.j1nrudladfl
( >= 635 un. / rdau)
a Copyright by Mahidol University
62.
on1?Ft1U?
dtl{o
tnel{6orrd'rd t zg t
P(Y=UX'............Xp|=,||{1+exp(.+p'X,.
a = constant uatue vilfiqrnnrfinnrrfrun ( = {.8003 )
ft....Fp = coefficienr value sa{eTeu:lrurinvde do rau = 1.4!Xl, PU = 1.2606,
HOT = .8679, WAT = .8037 , OX = .6291
x.,....xp= drnm*zu;:lold'cu.lr6nevdlfirrfluflc{etdfl.:= t,hirflurJq{fltdti.t= o
I
nctrlim;rflurornreriflq{edtN?t{ s flq{sieilrTu ( rnru ,Jru , Hor, wAT, ox )
=1/[1+exp(-({.8603)-1.4s,99(1)-1.2606(1)-.8679(1)-.8037(1)-.6291(1)}
= .9609
eqrJaanrnarn.irsJdrufiuf,ana"irsnrarflulenfi'1filuvrrtfiuilnnr.rvdcuuuriufln{uoir.r1
fi?Elnriarnfl:;tf tvtuttipte Logistic Regression l{u'i'l flc{adfin'Jufrur{ufriuntrflulrnfirraruvrl{r
fiuflnn1r;dcuuu tdfuri nr:rirls66nmr{urhflfirebnfirruuiltGuflns{mrlur,rqirgrfilnffin
ntfi.nlrynruatarrfieiu6.rn,irrnzuvi#u n'rfll?vnauarfinnnr.ru{fl#o1n1rthil >s {1.il6:ln'rf
nredrurlTriasn'i1 2000 rnduunvnmirrJr:rnruo'lu.r?oonfl1mn{{n.i1ulrudi#e u'dorflrderril'lriu
4.48,3.s3 ,z.ga ,z.zs uar 1.87 nrildrdu ( r.r.od g ) tnentri:lffiifintr{urhsdrfltrnflmruuilr.r
rfiuflaaT 'r;tuuqirglfiXndinrfissilq{ardeqfilanrnrflulenfica;uun1ufiuflc{etr;s{ruuuldfoflny
41.09 urnfiflq{enr?fiiilrrn'ruau1tfir6u6n'irnrusirodsieildfre qailonrnrflulrnfier;uuyrr6u
fls{nmvdruuu ,fiu{t rfluineav 71.10 ua:nnnrfiu:Jq{enrmjevnauardnnnr.ru{.r1#o1n1fihu >3
{wdrlntf :lq{rlnradrrrlrfiofln.jr 2000 iln/iu rJs{snmfir:Jr:nnrua'ruliaonxlmnqrn'ltnrud
radflrfttlfur.rficefincflq{e fiqnilanrnrflulenfimvuunrr6uflglc{mcdcuilt dudt ,tqrflulnens 85.42 ,92.90 unv go.og nrildrpru t orrn.rd tt t
nrdrurenruflq{ede{rir.rljrnvrimnrioerfie.ltn t finrfludr Probability t lorfll{oTruija s il,t
oJngYl
Copyright by Mahidol University
oirrl
HOT Probability
X
X
X
X
X
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X!
i_
rx
X
X
x
X
x
X
X
x
X
X
X
x
X
X
x
x
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
x
x
X
X-
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
.9609
.9290
.9166
.9116
.874/.
.u75
.8il2
.8460
.8219
.7571
.78n
J451
.7450
.710/.
.6970
.6084
.7110
.6242
.60sn
.5668
.5667
.5508
.5073
.4530
X
x
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
:
X
XX
L'
39956Copyright by Mahidol University
Fr1?,.,od 11. (ria) fanrgqnarurirq;lflurarnrrflutrnrflcmtuvrNrhuflnc{tlvc{'luuu onuflq{e
dwoiTq
WAT
\
!
t-
X
X
X
X
X
X
x
.4102
.3947
.4109
3544
.2704
.2580
.2260
X
= triu'flq{flrdflr
= fiflq{erdnr
FAM = nTfi:leyifi nTr{u:Jcfl fi'relrnf,cil'll6uflc{s{r"JytuuqirgT a'lnffin
PU = ntrfi::lrvvrluorurrfiq?il61n'lrrnrudrodu
Hor = nrnirlrunaT .r ufttudarnl fi FauJlnn'jr g {Wftlnrf
wAT = ntdurirrioen'jr zooo ila/{u
oX = ntrfinlrtvlluollllmomrnnfiofln'irrnnrdradil
Copyright by Mahidol University
urd s
afirlmuarn epJ unv{ornuouut
^e !. ta- |n't?eesR?{tutJ.JnQU?yfi{drdaanmflq{erdfluarnTrflulrnfioet un'tothuils{n,l'Jv
druuu dafle{enrfluon ldnd nlflltsnauoTfir'rtudnnT.:u{.:un;otnmlau nnrnrnnrgfindr
nr#ufirriafl qTrfilJernrua'rulrunnrdsil aant, rnn fiefir ff'nruflee flq{flnrfltu tfiuri
rhdfin'ur{urlcdftelrndfiauouurul rJrv.5finmr6u:l.rfldeslrnfier:;'uuvntGuflnar.wtuuqiaqh
6U1n nnxn I
afirjmean'
arnntfilnsrrlq{srds$arnrarflutrnfiorrrrr-,n.orn^urlnarcsdcuuu uldan-q1?ntt
. e e hv - 3unn:illctEtaalan{u
nrrfigru nlnl*nauardnluvrina'xuftua;a1nrnfourflulrc{r rdarriontdu
lrafi m:aruvrr.r n ufl d nrxr{ruuu
nrnirqunnruftludarnra$au n{*rfrn:*runvn{unruqu dculuqirJevnauarfirr
rnrrn?nfiru (ineay 81.1 unr 28.6 ) fie;wnnrtunrni.o'',u1#nu.ruftunca''rnT asaurads s.ze
fu d:Jntf uns 2.,4s dwfrrlnti lorefi?rwnn'rtunrni'xru1#nntuftualn1n1fif'0u > 3 {w
d:lortf finrflu5oen; ,4b.7 uay z+.g n'urdrd'u r{nnrelrnflvrfd'rurlrrdflr vru'ir nrnirmulud
nn'nu{run;ornrnfnurflurjrv{rfinmrudlr{ufrTuntrflulrnfims:ruvrfir6ufls{nmvc{cuuu odrr
firierdrd'rpvrNnfiA (p < 0.0001) ( r."lod e t tore{dri'xrtludn^rru{runvarnra}ou > 3 {w
frrlntf filanlnrderrianrerflutenfiervuilm{6uJc{d1evc{ruuurflu 2.G rvi1fla$driT .rruludnaT .r
u{luavarnrfifau <= s iWdilnrf unyqlnrlanleiunmtni'lnflt{ vuttipte Logistic Regresstion l'tu
.jr donr.ruqufln{udulude nT niro.ul#nu.ou{runvornrrtinurflu:Jrv,ir frfinmru#rri'ufrTu
n'rerflutrnde*uunrrrfiuflgqcqrrvdruuu rdurde?fiu (p=o.ooost tr.rlod u toru{drirvuludnnrr
u{.:unyornr nffau > g {la/frilarf n'TonT nrdm tflu z.q wiT m.r{dri,.rruludnaT.:u{runvamrn
hu <= siwfrunrf drne.:riueuufigT u unsc{onnfiarfiu ntrfinsnra.r Fenie uns scott ( 46 ) dr gJ r c o a f,-{ e - dr . a
rru.lT {firJrvnouoriyrlulewruqnnlunaruuruunfifin.Jlilhu$ fidnnnmruqnsarlrnfiemrrfiuCopyright by Mahidol University
66.
:llnnrrs 6.rn'jruarunduldqnruqfidrn.jr nmfinsnsa{ Borshi unvnils ( ae t dflu.jr {drir.:rutundornrnfou (29-31'c) fid'nfln'rrilqnga.rfirtnqrndr {drirrutuddu'qruraqfi:Jnfi (24,27"c|
(p<0.03) ntflntnsol qsgc{ gfeurriorrf ( 9 ) unvnesm?.r6161ril4s ( 16 I dnu.jr ardn
n:snanrriJtJ'nrruqntollrerfirvrrlrfir.rflcarc;q.:n.jrordfldu d.:otfirnrnr*nrnafl{rfluorfi1dfiol
drlrunnrtu{rludaTnrnfnuunvrdfl#orurnrfludrulur! nmfin:grm{ pin uaynruy (47 )flu.j1tunriru{drirlrunnrlu{luffirAflruiarurnfin"rrruqnqo$rnflrnrufiuflnar.rr qsn.jrnr!e.rdrir.:,ru
tudru s rviT dmGu, ellfi'ir nrnir.rrunnrsu{.:un;ornrafaurirtri finre4rgderri.n.o*{rurn d.r
arntfr:J?meunoqflnarcvnnm unvfinmrurffr.rfruqs( Supersaturation ) drrflunr.#ti,rttre,.rrnyn,.lrl
oirq'luflnar.ry:l'Tan,re{ud'"1 rTuuncfiaJuln n1e rfl ucrdnsolfirld{re{u
I
nufiSru dn1il MnrSfi q oir rduldonrerfl ulrnijor;uuy,rr mulnem;druuu
g{nrflrfifl*Sfiq nr!rufrnr*runrnr!run.ruqr r{u1ra4jfinnt^rran*gfind,r 6ofi18flfua1
naaunfie <= 2000 urvr/rdau finrflufoflnv 44.g unr az.s nrildrdu finflldtnflrad€l <1000lJ1yV
nwrdau finrflufotrav 70.5 mv ez.t n1udrdu ruanrrinmaffrrurl*deronu.jr nn.rnrnergfud,r
lrifinrorrufrHrfufrfunrrrflulrnfi"Ja;t-ruvrrr6uflc{nro;druuu lnun{r.rfrnr*rfirre1fi <= 2000 il1yV
rdau rain < 1000 urvr/rdau r.r'4rutu.nnn,lrn{r.rnrury urihin'riudr6'rgvrr.rnfifi { p= 0.90 unv
o.oz nrlldrdut ( tataod o ) unrqlnalnntQrn:lyri|qal{ tr,,tuttipte Logistic Regresstion nu.jrc{nlfltrltH$fiqdr hifinetrfrrur{ufiiuntfiulrnfierauyrrrrfiufln6r'r;deuuu rdurdsefiu(p>0.05) ttT.od gt d.rhinasriunrurufigruusinaornfiorrTunradntnsol nufifi u,taqE{finfi ( a9 )
dTru'ir {:Jtefirlormnnt6nnrruarnnreinmrflu.{rut*.lrnfil t tu g d.rflrpurd'snd'rerfi'dujtila{trltqlnn1TJslnqu rflurtrnar;udn winmfinrndlneirq hilfirarn.rrilfrlr{uf,raa'h{rdnltl
ram*SfinunvnTrfluTrnrf,'lra:uvt'xGuflddlay uayfi.rrui.jrnnnradnrq,rlun$.rd.rhiourc,ru
dl.,tti'uf,sa.rnnrnrnn*gfiqdT riunrerflulrnficrvuuynlfiufls{amydruuu d.:orcrflur.taduoumrn
rlffitrnrdruluqim{flutrddnrnru}T rcarnouaqjufia rirtriu.r*nufiouqnri,x d'rrlu6.:ei,r1rid1il1?n
g{ilngru n.td,.rtl'ltfutr rdENtionrrrfl ufrnfirruunrufiufndrr;druuu
J ! . n t. I vntdrurir nr!rudnurunvn{runru4ru dfi:F,rrunrrdutl,r < 2000 iln/{u 6nrilufu fl nv
s2"4 uavso.z losfiilhr'',run'',rduti.,#u r$r.+ iln/{u uav 21t0.2rJn/{u orrudrd'u ,rnn..r?
i mn;rina urjerd gc nudr n. rdur5, < 2000 il n /{u r.r' nc rru durffuf,rTu nr rrfl utenfie rar_mr 6u
Vlrtu
Copyright by Mahidol University
67.
flanr,rvd,luuu aeir.:firisdrdrgvrr.:nfifi ( p < 0.0001) tnru{ddrurh < 2000 iln/iu filanrc{dtl{rflu
t.9 rvir ooo{dd:.rr5t>=2000 ilndu(n1flod e t unrqlnrlnnr:irnryrnibrut{' muttipte Logistic
Reiresstion nu.jT danrru4rufln{erdu1od., nredurlT < 2000 ila/{u fil.r'nme.rdurfufriunmdulrn
fi"reruuflr{6uflnc{r'rvdquuurdu6fleriu (p=o.ooos) (r."rod st toru{ddufi.. zooo iln/{u fi
lonrnrdmtflu 2.2 t,i.'t ro.,frddurlr >= 2000 iln/6u dsnnfrunrurufigru unyaoornfiarfiunt
dnun pin unvnilv(47) dnu.jr chronic dehydration rfluflq{sdsodAr;rgdqnm.:nmrflulrnfi'l
aanuvrr.rrhuflddl?c unvuuvurlfifinrnlarriuod'Niru$nanrerdu Fluid intake nmfrnrnmr
Curhan ttnvnilvl( 52 ,53 I ( Prospective study )frnt*1'lufl ZSZSZ533 uny 25292535 dnu.jr nriru{
rl.Jfllrnfi,rtn firl'rurrunrru?hn fluid intake rioEln,jrnrirunrruquodNfirhdrd'rgvrr.rnfifi ( RR=0.71
un;0.65 ,957o 0 = 0.52-0.97 uat 0.514.84 nrudrdlr ) uoiarnnmfin*uir{ornsir.:qrnnmdnrsl
ffi{ Griffith unvnfuv ( 28 ) unvnltfln:*r:rol Power unvnilv ( 50 t dnudrnr!ruffrJrefi"ilnuarnriu
neuQru fir-Fr.nrunredufirtnflradehiunnoitfr'u nrrdntnzo.r Borghi ununruy ( rm,b1 t dntnil
zssg dflu'l'r nrirud'radrrd,fludrtr firFrurrunredilrSrtnaradnrio{u 6.rn.irnr!runauqru adrru'ria
drdegvr,.rnfifi 1p<o.oot) unvfinmfl 2E3o nu.j1neir.r{rjeudcln u':$urruso{ Fluid intake oia{u 6s
n.jrnelun.ruqr.radrrfiriudrd'rgvrrtnfifi (p<o.ot) tfodu.ud.oil1q1n nrailntnro{ Borghi $nrnzus
( 48 ,51 ) ffiunmfinrEruuu cas+control Study unvnredntnuuu Crossectional(dmrqnthlncrflEi)
d.:orqrflufloqnr1n1:iu:ro':{:1nu dvraT u'jT rflufinu#e unyo'rqlfifudrursrirt#r.rrlrurn1 rdoflor
fr'untndurfl*j.#. 6srir'[frr.rnnmdnmnu,jrnr!ruff:jcalend'rbr fi:l?r.nnr Huid intake 6rn"jrnriru
n?uqrJ dtafirntfin:g"rtunrF.rdfioqofifi.rnnredrunrsnfuflufioqnria#ff:Jaun:nnnud,rrflulen
ii.rvrT.:rfiuflnnrcvd'luilu u6rvs'lnr{nnlrdnr*rtunFrd aiu,te|lfirdu'ir nrrdrurlrfiaenirtfflnarcy
fincrufrr.rffu6 drtrXfiTonrc{rfinfl6nfieu'q.d" rdurde.rYuflq{ed?snrflirmunnrsu{rt#n.n.n
fouun;rdsril{oilrn
nrfiSru ntefi.rrlrvnruarurrfirdugrdarrianrerflulrndrraruyrrlrourlctr{1r;s{"ru
UU
nmfu:JevmT uatar#fifiq?u nalr.rdntnunrnr!runreu4u fi-nlanruotarefi.r?utpru*du
2806 il n /Ml'ou un; 1 770 il n /6ou H n n r :Q rr m yrfd'.r urlrde.J fl u"jr nr eilnj r;mruo 1urefi .l?u
finrerilfrufiuf,riun'rerflulr^dor*,uoro6uflns{rcvdeuuuodrriirhdrdrgvn.:nfifitp<0.0001)
( o'rtrod ot Ina{dfuiJrnrruorurrfiriu6rn'jrmzudr#er | >= 2287 runJrdau t filonrnrde.:rflu
a.o rvir mtffdfu:Jrenruorurefi,riudrn.jrrnruE{rqd rr ( < 22g7 *rn/rfiou } uayqlnruanrfirnar;ri
lertll{ Muhiple Logistic Regressrion flu'ir rfion.Juqrufln{rdu1ufi.l ntfilrlrwrruarumr{'ciuqtCopyright by Mahidol University
68.
n.jtnruziradsfintlilfirrfiuf,riuntrflulenfieffi'uunt6uflc{nrcvs{cuuu rdurdflefiu p<0.0001)
(r'l"'rsd st loru{diurJa:m'ruorumfie?u6.:n.jlrnruviradfl u'tqnrndflrrflu g.o 'wir mrffdiu
:lr:nnruorurafid?udT n"irrnruvilqde drntrrius{rrufigruunvcaerndarrYuntflntntas coe un&
nily ( s+ t dnu'irfrrhutenf,runardfluaanqtan u'nTni?hnarurrfirfi,rrurnn.lrnrir.rnru4u
odr.rfiriudrd'rgvrr.rofifi nrafinsrro.r Robsrtson unrnilv (21,55)dnu"jT n{ru{:Jrutrnde fi
rlev66nmfr::levnruotural:Jrdulnreradu qrn'jrnr!runuqr Insrafirvlilrduqrnfin{ tdmvfifir
?u4o unvdnmrfiwnna.r 'lunr{rutru4:rnrn:lnfi nu.jr 'luicu#frrtltrrruarurrtlrduqrnfrq{
q{qiflil uric 1acid, oxalbte , calcium tuflnnrev6.rn.iTvfl#lfifuTrlrduluavd'uilnfi adr.rfirfttir
drd'rgvrrmfifi nTeflnvrflo{ Zechner rrounnlU ( so )nu.jr tunrir.r{r.hulrnfir uric aciu finrnTu
uratentqJdnmJqm'irrisulfr orat purine loding adNfirifldrdrpmrmfifi nrefintnm{ Fenstrom
unvnrus( sz t dvru.jr lufrrJrudotnr nrrlfifuotarrhJeduq.: 6,jiu6r ) qvfirJ?lrnr urate tu
flnamv6n.irntfilJrwmuoruretrlrdudr ffidudr ) adr.rfiriedd'rgvrT.rnfifi nmfinsrmr
Trinchieri urrsettuc tsq dr{u'jr n{u{rJrudobrfintfir:lr:ntrruarutn-d"mnn.jrnrjruncuqu
oeitfiriedrd'rgvrrsnfifi nladnursa{ curhan unrnrur (s6 tdnu"jr nrir.r{rleeluritrnd.Jh fi
nrru?lnnarurrlrJefiuqT nfrnd urnn"lrnrlu neuqru usiaEirslrfi nru nmfi nrnnFrduornoirqrn
nredn:yrm{ Griffith unsnrus(ze )dflu.jrn{r.r{rJnufictnunvnriunr.ru4ru finrru?lnno1u1?
fie?ulnreradfll #rufnd'r 1 nn/{u lriunnrirrrTu nmdnmm{ power unynrur r so t dnu,jr
nufiS'ru
tJnnr.rvg{.ruuu
nrlr.r{:Jrerdrbrfinrruslnnro'rurrl:lrduqrnfin'ilnrerade kiunnrir{fiu mnarnnraFlnurlunFrd
oGurfltfid'l fi'#urfluflq{edckrnftrntriod'qso.:fie torerunrufinfiuEorfiremrfie?u6a nrnq?nr rr.r
nrafi.nlevnruo.u.rdfin-.iu6o nrfinrorq?n1ufladmv6{hyperuricosuria} durudlnr{raiiunuryr
adrr{n tqulun, rnr;{utf,rfi nnrmnrudnfie unnrdfl ilaon{1mrrr
nr afi.rrJsvr'rua1u1ro o nr1 rn n{{ rder rio n'lerfl ulandmcuun'nufi u
nmfiJrjrstnruaruraao ns'l m n n{ru d ntn un rnriu acu 4u finJrnnruo 1u1mo n{1 tn sl
lngr#fl:Jecu1il goo un/6au uos 412 un/udau ntrdrd'u aranreiunertn{d'ruilarder rru.ir
nrefi.r:Jrrnruorrn:nqn{1mn iinmudur{uf,rfunrerflulrnfimanuvrtfiuflng{re;s{eu:Ju oti'Nfi
riedT6'rgvrTtnfifilp<0.0001){r.r'odortrru{dtruilevnruorulroonrlran6n'irrnnrdradu
( >= G3b run/rdou t filonrarderrflu g.t uir :rorfrdfirilr:muaru'l?aantlrnndrn.itnruryTrade
( < 635 iln/doil unvqlnnnnr:Srnnni'Inet{ tiluttipte Logistic Regresstion rru"jr uiannuqu- -l v u | | . I a u e du a e I
rln{uauludr nmfiirlrvvrruo.lrl'rtoontrmorqrn'jrmzudraf,s firrmrdrur{ud'rfunT rrflutrnflrCopyright by Mahidol University
69.
?ylluyr1{t6ufl661?ss{.Juil1.r rdurfifllfiu (p=0.01) (orT nont s t tnn{dfuilr.m'uorm?aonfrlrnnq{t
n.jrmzuvirad€J il'tan.r6dENrflu t.g rvir tor{dfu:lrwrluolultaonstnndrn'irrnnrdradrJ dorro
rfuaur.rfiguunyc{onnfiorriunreflnvrro{ Finch unrnrur ( 59 } rflunrailntntivrornas dr^ru.ir
nmfi.r:lrryrruor,rlroonslrnn{lr qvfrnrrrTuoon{1mnrt:Jns{m;urnn.irnreft-r:lrvnruoruri
aonmrnndru6stridrrioro,ttal? uavnrefuilrvnlualilleaonttnndr qvfir.Br.nruoonqrmmlu
flc{nm;fi1n"irnra1*i4rrioralu'l? aei'r.rfiritldrd'rgnrrnfifi uriadT .:lrfinrru nmfrnurnirdunnoi'lr
qrnnradn:s,rflo{ Griffith unynily (ze ) d?ru"ir nriruffrJrufietn firFlrrunrru?lnnrarulroonsl
rnortosradtinlt4rind'e t nn.6u kiunnoir.:rTu nreflnsrsa{ Power untailt too tdnu.jr n{r.r
{:Jeedntorunrn{urouqufinrni?Tnna1il1manfl1mnlnnrsdfl hiuErnsirsriu don.tdonn.rfintn
unnshrfiufiuorhrdoqrqrn g:Junrm.:nr#rny'rdsitrTu tns n'lrfitwrsorr Griffhh uny power
rhyriiuqrna.r.#{rloudrtnumnriunrr:rqutfifirludro,ra.drirntfrnu"r(t d:lonrfunv + drlntf
nrrudrd'u t drrfluffaqnflnliumr{:hulu:rru#ud{'rJreamt6firdruuvrirunvfinrer:Jdeuurln.:
nqfinmruntfi-r:Jrcruarura qrnarnnredntr-r1ue,F.rdafirlne1fi.i'l nT tir.rrlevnruorrr#fiaan
mrnnqrnnirtrXfirlft.ncuoonttnnluflndlc;{rr(hyperoxaturia)ri{rflfitonrarfinrru6nfic1fi6{u tord
:layno:.rsosfiodtnt,u.nnt4ndo unnrdsilaan$1rnn )
nrufiSru
flnnr.rvs{ruuu
ntfu:lrvyn1uo1u1?unn duu qo rde{rio nrrrfl ubndm:;uuntrfiu
nrefillrsilruorurtunnrdsil nr{r.rf,nu,ruavnduncuqu fi.nl*rn'ruorureunnrdErutntl
r#s:lrvsJ'lru ztoz run/rdou uni te2s un/6au ntrd'rd'u arnnrrQmernffihu:lndec nu.jr nra
fidrrvrrua.r.t*uduu hifinmudr.rr{ufriunrerflulrnfim:;uuvrluhuflnc{rqvc{ruuu tnrunrir.r
flnrglfillrvvnluolultrnardfluTnetdflqsn'lrnr!rurrruqu uoilrifiriudrdrgvrr{dfiA ( p= 0.46 )
t r.tr.d 6 ) unvqtnrunnrfinar#Inrst{ Muhipte Logistic Hegresstion fir'ru.jr nrrfi.nlrwrru
r.ma*nrdflu 'trJ-iinerJd'l.rr{ufflunrnflulandeeyuuyrxrfiuflnnr.rss{euru rdurfie.rfiu (p>0.0b)
( r.r.od g t drhinesrYunurfigru urinaorndorfiunredntnmr criffith un;nily r za t dflu,ir
n{r.r{rJrufiatn rl':l?urruntzu?Innatalrunnn'EtrJlnersdenJu.d'"r t nn/{u lriunnsir.:rTu n1?
fln:grssr power unvnms( b0 tdnu.ir nrir.rftJrufirtnrun;nrlunrcu4ru firl?r.ncunrru3lnno1u1r
unnrdeutne#a biunnoi'xfiu nrefinutro{ Trinchieri uaynily f se ) nredn:flro.: lguchi nor
rrruy ( gz ) n'ndntn:n{ Fellstrom unynily ( ot tdvru,jr nrlr.rff:Jredetnrunvnr!runru4ru finrafi.r
ilaanruarratunrardsu hiuqrnoi'xriu uns tsuchi ( 3z ) rftnu'ir rfunr${rl"refia1qunsnr!runcuqru
r.r'nrni?lnnorureunnrfiflerdrn.irrnruvirurnrgrudneetfifr.rlu t {u odr.rlrfior, rn.afinurnF.rdCopyright by Mahidol University
70.
unneil{slnnlrAnmm{ Marangetta unynily (60 ) rfluntdnulr?vrnnor dltu'jr tutruvfi.r
:lrynruarurnlnfi n{ru{rhudrunardsildhifl:'lua1rl,rE finrrf,uunardfluoonnrrrlnnmvqs
n,jrn{unouqr.r otirdriudrA'rgnr.refifi o^roi"rr.^tfrunrntdeulusurnilnfiunvdrn'ir:lnfi
ron r;lun{ru ffJrnir nu.ir n4udtfifr un n n'fl u dr fi nr rcYu unn rfi fl Hiltfl c{(t m v oirn'lr n{udtfi
fuunrnrdeu:Jnfi odr.:firifldr6'rgvnrnfifi nrrfrnrnflol curhan unvnilt t s2 ) rflu Proopective
,tuoy drnru'jr nriru{rhedcbrfinrni?lnnarureunnldeil fioen.irnr!runruqru aeiT .rfirifldrd'rgvn.r
afifi (nn=0.b6, 95 7o cr = 0.43-0.73 , p=0.001 ) slnoJnnlrfln:grtunisdrftkis{rutnaGuT stdid'n
rqufi.rnT #hinrlnmrudurft.rfsarnrefirrJ*rl.u.rr.#fiunnrder.rq.runvtanfievrr.rrfiuflanT .rvs{eu
'- A c' 6ilu n{r.lilunnrflsr.rilua{drlrynarroofi.dnuu.nd4ttit ,rEou#ou..rd.ou...n rlrnltuc{eu
traedroltnnffiff$onr*Nnnisfimnr3lnuulr.#fionrnrdulr drn.j'rrfiuu'lrtg''n dti.rauoroqj
udr uaviiunralnT rflnundnu,ir:lrgtfiulutuuvrd"rulrar$:rournnyfuoonrderruflofi*6'u
unnrdsiltuflnnmvqrlnuhinmunrturl (ldiopathic hypercalciuria )d.:nrcvd'.rnrirJarqfin{urduou.
qrnnrrrfiuorrlts{1rJ1?nqofiruunnrdflillfirJrnfinrJnfiqrnnretfifrrinru^ufis1nud{tunnil1n(deu
lra4jrir.rT urnnunnnatu{r) unsnrerlunnrdsilluflnarevqsrirtrh.r'tanmrfinrufinf,atfiqs u
n:.rfigru nrrfidr:mrufrcnafisrrflurla;{r ude$iantdulrndrr;uunrrufiu
rJanmvdruuu
nmfinjffinrufrrcnafise nriruflntnuavn{runeuqrur{.lulur$filJrunrufficrufiflrrflu !
:lav,ir fiorrflu$asns 9b.7 uns m.g nTildrdu nnnrfimrmcfd'euilrdse nu.ir ntfi.nlff;r4ruffrn
ruf,ecrflu:jevdr hifin'rT ilft{r{ufrTunrarflulrnfieesruuvrrsr6uflanr.l;druuu toran{udnurfir
rlasrnufrrenaiiectflu:lav,ir urnn.hnrlsrnelrqil wikifirftrdT fi'rgvrr.refifi ( p= 0.2g t t r.r,od o )
unsslnt{nnrfirnr, nfTna}fl tvtuttipte Logistic Regresstion firnru.jr ntfi.nlffinruffrqrufiaedu
rlrv,{'r teifinmr.rd'ur{ufrYunrerflutanriie*ruuyrrrrduflnareydouuu rdurda.rfiu (p>0.0b) tr.t-r.dg tdshine.:riunrulfigru uris{annfio.:riunrednmsor s{rJflsf ,rduuuouuqn (62 )dnu'lr n{ru
ff:Jeaflclnunvnriruneuqru u'nrnillnnffr'Jrufls.J lriunnrir.:fiu uoiodrlafrnrru nmdnun.Fod
unnoirrqrnnmflnvrml ilenttf rofinnnrQn unynruy (18 ) dfinmlunrlrl{:JrelrnfierNfiu
rlc{arJ#.:urun un;nu'jr {dfilJe;nT ufir.rrufler rflwJw,ir rde{ gianrrrfl ulenfiea:ruunrr duflnnrlrqrn'irffi:urJmnrunr'rr{1rflu:lr;,{r dmrqrflunnm'-rs.jr nredn*uFod tdfrnmronrrfr
:lrelenf,rftu:Jvnq6uflanrJ;s{ru:ru tr.r1ffintnrirutrl6$irtuneynrr:flrqnmvdne 6mrqrirtri
runnrtfinsrunnrir.rrTu dnrlevnrmd.:60 nrednm'lu^Fodilrro.nrtududflnundculraqjfu
:lrn4uff1r nafi se rfl wlrv4T o qi u6.rdso rqrirtll*inu ne t r drur{uf 6.: ri.rbio T q a qrJtff'j,r n,rri:r
ilrnnT uffrr nafl fl r fi urlav{tdfl t ria nmrfl ulrnfi e afl unrr fiuflaarrcdruuuufu -ur*Copyright by Mahidol University
71.
d | oa 6 n v o Jy r 4nrr:li:lr;{6r6u'Llee d.le1tnfi fro{uouuru'l n{ufi nur untndil nr:r qil fi fi :lr;{6nrr
r6u:lcefieslrndfioruauurul Fnufluintlav 1.9 uav 0.b n1ild1du Hanltqmfl:rffturJerdfle
yru'jr nmr{u:.hflfireTrndfrauauurul 1*ir.r'nerufirur{uf,riunrerflulrnrfimaruvrl.r6ufldnmv
d.ruuu lnren{rufl.nmfirl*dfir{urlesfiaelrndffa{uouu1u"l q'rn,itn{unreuqr urilrifiriadrdrg
nrufiSru nrrfirJru,i6r{urJcerl.Jcrtradfra.:uauuru'l rds.reionttflulrnfilr:;uuvrrr
rduflna, acrt''ruuu
flrl6fi4 F=o.37lt^.r.od G ) un;qtnrunnrrirnmvritprflt{ tuultipte Logistic Regresstion vtu'jr nm
firJs{fir{urlofldcelendfra{uoui.r1u"l hifin'lrilfrrlrfufriuntrflulrniharuuvrrr6uflctd'lryc{eu
uu rdudflerTu td>o.ost rr.tlfi'g t d{hinr.rriurtuufigruua;1*icoornfiaqTunrafirmno{ Hwang
rnynily tog t dilu'hnlflrouuurdu.:uru1 rirXrifi nrrd'uunardax r,londofn oantlmn oonilTr
flanmr6.r{u odNfirifldrd'rgvrr.:nfifi drrfluntrduncrurde{'lunrrriad'nsar catciurncontaining
renat srone douo.u*nvirqffum.rrunnmflnsrar.rdoor,...n grJuuumrnrefrn:rrdunnoirrriu
uny,irurunriud'aotirdtd"lunmfintnsir.rflu dn:l*n, rud.rda nradnsrlunF.rdlrilffinsrtu
neiudr{urhedeebndfrauauurullnnrar{'rv 6.rrfthinruT ennpJlfi'jr nrer6udeflfraflIrndffar
uauurulfl ufl q{fl d ttlro.: nrr rfl ulrnfirruunr.: 6ufl nare rs{ouuuiiohi
nufigru nrrfirlrui6r{urhsd'relroi.iomr-.{rduilndr.r;'luuqirgrfi1nffi a dsrr a o al a q- - t '
rianmrilulenfrn ranmtr rfi uflnctmcd'ruuu
nT rfi:lrs':Ar{ild'lerfieelrnfinrflillarsr6uflnnrcsluuqiqnfi hffAn nrir.rfl nmua;, Ja, 4
nrirunruqu fiil':Jr;6finmr6urJreff.lErtrnrfi.r*ruuyrrsrhrnJs{er.lvtuu{rgrfitnffior 6nrflufnflay
47.0 uay 1s.2 nrudr6'u ruanrfimn:nf6'eu:Jrrde.rnu.ir nm6u:leflficelanf,ea:rJuyrrrfiu
flnc{mv'luuqirgrfilnffin finerufii.rfiuf,riunrarflulr^fiot".,un.rmuflnnrevdruuu aeir.rfirie
dr6'rgvn.:nfifi(p.o.oootXr.t.ode)tors{drgrfilnfiQnru'rlrv{fir6u:hflfiafllenfimyuuyn.:fiu
flaar.rdlonrnrdflsdus.r wirrar{drgrfilnffinlri&r'rlaci6r6u:hElfiaelrnfieayuuilr.rGuflc{s{.r'Jv
unuq'lnr.rnnT rimmnilqflt{ t{uttipte Logistic Regresstion rru,r'r uJdoncuqufln{udu1uffc merl
rJrr{fir{u:J,rflfiefltrnd'l nunrrGuflnnT ar'luraqirgT filnffiorfinerrud'r.n{uf,rYuntrflutenrfiQrynlr
il'rsuhuflsqnrevdquuu rdudsrfiu g<0.0001) rr.t od s r Inufrdrgrfitnffinfi:leyd6r6urleefire
lenrf,.J:vuuyrruhuflc{arev filonrc{dtNrflu +.s ryi'r m.rfidrgrfilnfiiinlrifirlrvdfir6u:hsfufllen
fiorr-,uraor6uflc{6{rqs drornrir.rnrrrufigru unvnonnfiorrYunrefinrnmr Borghi nouflruy ( s1 )
nrafln:*lza{ Junghall uasnils (ea I n1?dnulflo{ Churchill unsnils ( eS I nreflnEiso{Copyright by Mahidol University
72.
Robertson unynilg (66 ) n1?frnMno{ Trinchieri ungnils ( 67 ) n1?Anrn?a{ Thun ltovntuv (68 }
J , un o A r d | 6 e 4 v 'finu.ir {rleulenf,alor frrlav{Hnrer{udeedqetanfilevuunr.rrfiuflaarevtu Family History tJlnn"j'luAu ' ^ A s r de e e -aq C{filrirflufinln aeir.iiifedrd'rgvrr.rnfrfi BsoGuretfi'iT lrrrfimvuuvtl{Gufldd1evdeuuulill o1s
qyfinQrudsnfiuvrrc{uqn?fir uiog:J[uunrrirriiufiindnafiouueflrqflr rdil qrJiifiunrnrSlnn,
nlnlrynouorfi nrnrqf, rrrlnr'nmfl nn"rtoraa;!6entiotil
nTlrunnr$q-e
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nrrdris, flq{flrdflwasnrerflutenfiersu:rvr''r{rrhufldara;s{.ruuutu{ru{atauuriu
rflunrrflrng"niau{atnrnaqmrtrn (Retrospective Case-control Stuoy) rfrrmureu{aqnnrnfr:Jrudn.r
vrvufiuurflu{:lesrff1funmfnrvr tulny{ErlulnfiurIflouuriu tudmrnrir.:rdaunrngrnru fir 6au
fi.nrnru T.fr.2igg unvnsiild'?adrrtuqrunudfirunnranreqvrrrirdiyrtll ( uttrasound ) m$nelnre
urieEJUltrasounorndoudrdafrurarun:;rirrirrlrnfutnluqiltulnsnrusrn{yrErfi1s{nf ilrllriflEndsmu
uriu fl zsea nrir.rflnvl( cases trfluff:ieelaerfirnerunrrfiuflnnTt;douuu d,fr.fr.,nrefntn tuta.:
nullllnsouuriuludtlrnrdrnsir.r t?o4rloumuun:nrr!.: ".q#o*i
zo fldutJ {ruau zto nnnelu
nrruqN ( controls t uflu{:Jrudtdtlttttrd.ra?atrnrdfl.rfiuralnrrqrhu:Jdc{re; dfioun.rro.n.l0
fidivrsrm{NilErlulnrouuriuunv{dhirflufinlurarrr6uflsqs{'l'Jyq''rnr{nnlrrr?,rn uttrasound luqru
{ura.lnilsufivrflnrnnf uuriilerdrlsauuriu {'ruru 210 fla t{uuufrrunrortdffin-nhrdu
unvairuntrne'rsdouc''rn{vrarqrujrfi rfiue'rumil{oqndeud'.r{frnuera.:r{rraro iunnnifrarynfiee
Chi-square test[ovMuttiple Logistic Regression ,au-"trduodQeOOOs Ratio (OR) uny 96 % Cl for
OR
aranlednundct Chi-square test ,Odds Ratio (oR) uot 95 o/o Cl for OR rnru.jr fls{edfi
nmrudufiuf,rfunrarflulrndm;uumrGufls{n'l"r;dauuu lfiuri nrni:JryiBnmr6u:l"rufireTen
deaaJunrlGurlnnmrXuraqirgrftnffinr ntfirilr:nruorurnfuiu6rn'jrrnruriradu nmfii
:legnruorur?aon{1mnq.rn'itnrudrode nrfllrnauoldilnntu{.rludornrn}au >3 dwffiJnnf
nmdrurl,fiofln'ir zooo ilndu tnEjfid'nflrdEj.tHirflu b.06 ,3.98 ,3.06 ,2.b6 uny 1.90 nrrudrd'u r{eu* y & rc v e ce 6 o i a ne t
ils{efrlrirunrrrufrur{ufriunrerflutenfitatnrunr6urJnnresdeuuu tfruri nntr rnn*gfu dr nm
fidr:mruarureunatdflil nrrfi.nlr;ryrru{rrruflerrflu:1ffi,{r rlrcdfintr6u:hafiifltrnddo.:uouJ
u1u'l (n1fl.wi 6,7 )
nnnraflntnfiiu Multlpte Logistic Regression nu'ir fls{Erdr'natrfrr.rr{uf,rTuntrflu
lenfi,lrsuuvrurfiuflnc{msd'tuuulfiuri nrefirjr6finmr6urhefi'rstenfia?aluvnrrhuflec{r,rc'lu
raqjrgrfitnfi"firr nrafi-r:Jeanruatarrn^drrqrn.jtnzurirqds nrfllrrnouordnnnr.:uftludarnrnCopyright by Mahidol University
73.
fnu tg {wd:Joti nr#rurlrfiafln.jr zooo iln/{u nmfi:rlrnaruolul?aanmmor6rn"j'rrnrud
rqdfl fidneTrd€r.rryi'lliu 4.4s,3.b3 ,2.38 ,2.z3unv 1.87 nrudrdu t ,Tmod e I s{.ruflq{ed1*iu'uo.ull
dufiudrYunrrrfluTrnfimv:.ruvrrsrfiuflnc{mvdauuu tfiuri anrnrnn*gfirdr nrefi.r:lrnnruo11,t1t
unardeu nrr5:.r:la:nru{Trruflfl.Jrflurlry,ir :lrv{6ntr6u:lmdrsbndfia.tt out rr.lrunntefr nnnlanrnm.:nratflutenrfimnruvrt r6uflnnrudluuunu.h nrnirlry{Fnm
r{urJrflfirEllanf,mvuuvn.rrduflnnmv'luraqirgrfilnfiEnrfie{flr{E dsrffu#flq{eo]un.rdfiTon.rn
rflutrnfleryuuyn.r6uflnnreydeuuulfi-rosny +t.og urnfiflq{en,l?ftJil?sn1ua1u1?
fr-eiu6n'jrrnrufrodudrudtfl qvil'lanT nrflulrnfi.rranuvrrr6uflnnreydcuuu nr'il{urflufaenyi
71.10 unvmnyiiilrJq{cnrnlrsnauardrrrnn,.:uftt#a1n16inu >s {wfflnri flq{entdilfirrloen'ir 2000 i ua.ft flq{anrrfirl?;ntua"rumaondrmn{Nn.irmnrsirqdfl rfitJi.rilfirsfi n;q e 6 ds -ol ' J g Jrlq{s fiqvil-lonrdtflutrnfiervuunrrr6uflnnm;s{ruuu rfrrutuuToalflufnsnu 9b.42 , 92.90 uny
go.og nrudldu
fia rnuo uuglunrsdr ann'lrA{fl tlt{
1 . tfl uuueymlun''rr'r'l{unucltdnmuri:Jr:nrru luntnqn'Jlu rdu.ouonrerflulrnfi'l
raruntGuflnnrwdruuu lnsn.renndiaradnrde.:fln{urirq dlfiqrnnrednryr rdu
fitrunn'xu{r1uda'rnrnhurrnn'jr g {wfiilnrf nrefidrrnruo'uTrfiriu6.: ntfi.r:Jr:nru
o1t l?aonfrlmngt nTad&rrlrfiaen'j1 2000 iln/{u rdaarnlunrnlalfiuunvnluqruTrrrficvrr
rfiutlnererdcuuu
z. tfluuucvrxlunT ttrft{T rlinuru6aur.rnir{rJautrniltnrrrhuflnnre;dauuudoqjnnr.jr.r
nrrfrr:r'rviiotfffirnrrinunuffordanorflrgrarnrrnfrurflu{r:rsshnfirnrruhuflngqre;druuu
g. tfluuuentlunronru4ruttnfirvrr.:rduflnc{re;dauuu losmruruutinraqunffdfinmer
rd u.: 6 rio n T erfl ulrnfi n raruyr rr rhufl n c{r c ydruJu d'.:d
3.1 {dfirlrvtfinm6u:lesdeslrnfirftiruvrNGufldnrartural,jrprfilnffin slrilonrarde.iDianrarflulenfi,!rvuumrrthuflnntrsdcuuu q.:n.lrnuilnfi 6.rncruuydrrflufirn,rctu
rdolnr:TJfrri6d'e tnfltft{dndesfln{trduldqvrcGrJlftJ'lon'rerflulrnficvn.rGuffns{revc{'ruuuldtrta
t?IrJ?.tuon
3.2 {dfiih{sduodt l rdu ritrunntuftt#o1n16huJ,rnn.jr g {wd:lnrtf ,
furlaanruatarefi'Jiu6r ,ir.rrJ*nnrualu'l?oonfl1rnn6 , da.rurfiosn'ir eooo iln7{u nrennrufu
udnrdeltlq{ed'.rndr"ru?nn.r#u*r'nruunvrriuiafioT ntfinrln#n{frfl.im,rqqyrfluflevrrufiu
L
Copyright by Mahidol University
74.
flnnt; rdonrfifindudqnffarunslfifunrefmntuxwdfiohipue.r( ra'rnnu'jT rflulan I rflunr
nnflrgurnctrqrprduvrr.reNnrs Qnln unvrnn*gfiq rnr
fio rnuo ursluntfl ntn6{r, tiotl
t. dn:yrftq{sdru'arnoianrerflulandcaanrvrrqhuflnnrevr{cu.ru uuutrJf'xurir
( prospective study I rlr4oratlq{erds.tlfiadr.tnmunqil artrmnirantrjlffluntetuaru n1?ntl
nJiulrfirrunm.rpucodol plur-urnT rrirrfiudin nqfinmlnrnj3tan ussflq{emirl1 do..
nafiauu?as{rlffu du ritq{ufinrmnrgfiq ,nttfuilmmrt o.u't#fiunardur.r6r ,ntfirilagnruff'n
ruiis'JrflurJs,ft "rn"r dT ufuflq{snrerftdcedes1rndfio.luaunu"l n'rdnrrfl ntnlunriru{rhu
d fiu*or.u.u1ha ran r:uncarqttAf, nr ad ns"r uuutrJ{r.nnlr
g. ncef, nut1q{edu1fin?auuquEio{t r?.tlu{srk rd3il uncfls&ftr&r samrnfl ulandc
asuunrr 6uf lcdrosd.ruuu
Copyright by Mahidol University
ilr?ru1qn?:J
1. yri fl?rld. lenfi'rrnTsrduflc{nrlr. ms{t1un1:rJrvquduuurrisrJflri6n.t,t.
Irnfi"lvrxrfiuflndTJr , 2b28: 1G31.
2. vri f,?r.rd. Urinary stone disease oveMew ns{1unlalru1'l.ruuru1nl? I
inrrr rrnvfl o.rrYutanfirvrx rfiuflglarr v zu lNneru'rnq orrorfl , 2531 .
3. roiviti 16na . Imfir'lrm'urfinJnarry . finsc{radmar.r?nsrdfrnsunrryltiurur
tlfir . 2519;19,2: 4S54 .
4. Unakul S . Urinary stone in Thailand : A statistical survey. Siriraj hospital gaz -
1961; 13 :1*214.
E. m{nni qildra 'nr oqnm rasnilt. uurtrhraoq:iEnrmftaltenfirluntrfiu
rlnnrt;tude{ 3 vtfi'rtttt ru te{ltgrurordeltud . ms{1un13frttuut
ulhmfirdor d'flu flr.:6uflnd1e;unt RTA.2530 : 1318 .
6. vri Fl?cr rfunsn ruv.trafiwrr Gufl n dm slxrnr n n siuao n rder nn:s ta trltc ril nlil e.
fl u{1un1 fl Jrvq*r ri.nlfl rifi n r erdattrnfi rr, l rfi ufl c{ nr nv . 2528 : 7 7 85 .
7. 4n{nf trfiqnufuf, . Prevalence of urinary stones in Khon Kaen Province . t'lg
.:runrrdl.nturuligrfirin.: fi'l'lu flN6uflnnl'l;un; RTA .2530 : 912 .
g. arui6 il,rrrJE{finA . dnnntrfind'ltmarinT euftnreairfrnfietntultlrlrsrulaflau
uriu . rauuriut'r{d1t .2530 ; 17,2:1*19.
9. qrpc{ fi'aun.rinrf . fi.rflN6uflc{nrrr'lulxnflrurndrilN . drrlrrnnc{'lt . 2b31
;9,1:23$2.
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tO. {sfir na.rrlarre?g . iicrTuflrgutml{lu{nqunntorfi : fln$uunvuuchb.rlu
oulnn . meNrunrn|rqrdururri.nJfrrifirnrrColhndcvtrltfiuflnctrs,
2528: €D .
I r . ft nnrd rlvrBn{nd . flrgrartrnd.rntfrnenrflrtulrwrEnuraniunh.rvrf . flE{tlu
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12. LwirarU, Choovichian P, Biiaphala S, Choovichian T.The mubidity of bilateral
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t s. f{'tulfatulatlnltuilnf nfl n'launnd nsnflN61ff1?ruE? . nfi fi {rJrodcdtnfu
ntfnudunnur.iinrralftmumnsduoonrftNnnio, zssa .
14. dre.rdrfi'uf dzuultfi . {fiong fts ttnrir-r.nrvnsr6uflnnres. nfl.tmruflnd
n??vrffr{fi1f'1mqfl .
lb . nfiJnrufiyrcf nffnflrs{roranrqr . londlflJrnaulnnnraenrarfidannilrpur
16. n$Jnlruln4d nasnflr61ff1?f[Er . mel{rlur.rnnltdlfxqn?trqmorttnfi.rr:nnt
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17. 6frrf RnrFqr.Fenat stone disease. r'ttr{1un1nJ*luduu'tritrJfr:u-fintrior
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18. fr?nd rorYnnnrQsr . flq{elds$arnrauflutenfitvrtr6uilnnrecuns{rJcu nain
KUB ufu wp rlnilutrsnsmnqifr{tf . n,lrf,irn ,25![ :n+779.
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27 . ni m?{tr. lendrluln .lu: tentnndiin rs{u z .:hfivrf, r{nr;qn uns u?61
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rdeltltflaml :lsrvrntvrgffunrrrfi nlenfirtqunvlrnlni'unrnhtd. tyrarfivrufrJ?rgrg,rinfl rfl rnnfilur:irufi n (hrunrn nf, . rinrfi nivrerde
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69. ttiunfot rJqu'ruuri. sample size estimation. tofidlfl-l3snoun1?uffis1g,nilu61
arril{n fi 16nf uuriilsrdrlilfi nn, 2532.
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