Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Hochschule für Angewandte WissenschaftenHamburgHochschule für Angewandte WissenschaftenHamburg
Eric SchwartzDirectorBoeing InternationalBerlin, Germany
Eric SchwartzDirectorBoeing InternationalBerlin, Germany
Aircraft and Technology Drivers for 21st
Century Air Transportation Systems1 November 2006
Aircraft and Technology Drivers for 21st
Century Air Transportation Systems1 November 2006
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Otto Lilienthal (ca. 1894)
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Agenda
• Boeing Today
• 787 Dreamliner
• 21st Century Geopolitical/Environment Drivers
• 21st Century Owners
• 21st Century Operators
• 21st Century Customers
Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
• Commercial Aircraft• Aviation Services• Defense Systems• Network Systems• Satellites and Launch
Vehicles• Financial Services• Technology
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Major Business UnitsMajor Business Units
IntegratedDefenseSystems
CommercialAirplanes Boeing
TechnologyOrganization
Shared Services GroupBoeing Capital Corporation
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Agenda
• Boeing Today
• 787 Dreamliner
• 21st Century Geopolitical/Environment Drivers
• 21st Century Owners
• 21st Century Operators
• 21st Century Customers
The Boeing 787 DreamlinerThe Boeing 787 Dreamliner
787 OverviewMarket Drivers Technology SummaryProgram Status
The 787 Is a Complete, Flexible, Efficient FamilyThe 787 Is a Complete, Flexible, Efficient Family
787-8210-250 passengers (three-class)8,000 – 8,500 nmi | 14,800 – 15,700 km
787-9250-290 passengers (three-class)8,600 – 8,800 nmi | 15,700 - 16,300 km
787-3290-330 passengers (two-class)3,000 – 3,500 nmi | 5,500 – 6,500 km
Configured for Success787-8 Design FeaturesConfigured for Success787-8 Design Features
Composite primary
structure
Advanced engines and
nacelles
Breakthrough passenger cabin Enhanced
flight deckAdvanced wing design
Innovative systems
technologies
Large cargo capacity
Overhead crew rests
Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Efficiency for Medium- and Long-Haul MarketsEfficiency for Medium- and Long-Haul Markets
767-200ER
767-300ER
767-400ER
777-300
777-200 777-200ER
777-200LR (3 aux fuel tanks)
777-300ER
757-300
757-200
Tri-ClassLong Range Rules
Dual-ClassShort Medium Range Rules
737-900W737-800W
737-700W
737-600
747-400 747-400ER
Sam
e Sp
eed
and
Ran
ge -
747,
777,
787
767-300
Twin Aisle
Single Aisle
In ServiceLaunchedStudy
787-3
787-8
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1500 2500 3500 4500 5500 6500 7500 8500 9500
Range (nmi)
Seat
s
787-9
Addressing the Market’s Needs(2006-2025)Addressing the Market’s Needs(2006-2025)
61%
13%
3%
23%
27,200airplanes
2.6 trilliondelivery dollars*
*In year 2005 dollars
Regional jetsSingle-aisleTwin-aisle747 and larger
45%41%
4%10%
Fragmentation Is HappeningFragmentation Is Happening
2005 International Scheduled Flights
Proposed Flights
NewarkNewark
OsakaOsaka
Hong KongHong Kong
ChicagoChicago
HoustonHoustonAtlantaAtlanta
VancouverVancouver
Los AngelesLos Angeles DallasDallas
San FranciscoSan FranciscoTokyoTokyo
SeoulSeoul
TaipeiTaipeiGuangzhouGuangzhou
BeijingBeijing
SeattleSeattle
San JoseSan JoseNew YorkNew York
Washington Washington D.C.D.C.
Creating New Non-Stop RoutesCreating New Non-Stop Routes
The 787 can connect more than 450 new airport pairs
Possible New Airport PairsVancouver - Sao Paulo
Seattle - ShanghaiSan Francisco - Manchester
Boston - AthensTel Aviv - Montreal
Munich - NairobiGeneva - Singapore
Dubai - TaipeiMadrid - Manila
Auckland - Beijing
The 787 can efficiently connect more than 450 new city pairsThe 787 can efficiently connect more than 450 new city pairs
Compatible with Today’s InfrastructureCompatible with Today’s Infrastructure
787-8767-300
787-9A340-300
Advanced Technology Contributions to 787 EfficienciesAdvanced Technology Contributions to 787 Efficiencies
Systems
Materials
Aerodynamics
Engines
Composite Solutions Applied Throughout the 787Composite Solutions Applied Throughout the 787
Carbon laminateCarbon sandwichFiberglassAluminumAluminum/steel/titanium pylons
Composites50%
Aluminum20%
Titanium15%
Steel10%
Other5%
Propulsion Systems FeatureKey TechnologiesPropulsion Systems FeatureKey Technologies
Higher bypass ratioNo-engine-bleed systems architectureLow-noise nacelles with chevronsLaminar flow nacellesInterchangeable (at the wing)
Advanced Systems Technologies Provide ValueAdvanced Systems Technologies Provide Value
Common Core Open Systems Architecture
Advanced Flight Controls
More Electric Systems Architecture
Wireless IFEIntegrated
Health Management
e-EnabledSystems
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Lower Cabin Altitude
15” (38cm) Wider 15” (38cm) Wider
Wider Seats and Aisles
Wider Seats and Aisles
Better Economy Seating OptionsBetter Economy Seating Options
More Head Room
More Head Room
Smoother Ride
HigherHumidity
Better Air QualityBetter Air Quality
787 is 15” (38 cm) wider
226.5 in (5.75 m)A300/A310A330/A340
LD-3 LD-3
Improving the Flying ExperienceImproving the Flying Experience
Better Air Quality
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Bigger WindowsBigger Windows
4001041404
Feet
Meters
0 5000
0 1500
Quiet for Airport CommunitiesQuiet for Airport Communities
Source MS Mappoint, (c) Microsoft, Inc.
A330-300 787- 8767-300
• 85 dBA contours• 3,000 nmi mission
60% less area affectedthan the A330 and A340
London Heathrow
787 noise footprint stays in the airport
propertyA340-300 A330-200
• Quieter for communities, crews, and passengers
• Less fuel used• Lower emissions• Fewer hazardous materials• Less waste in production
Structures Progress
LCF Progress
Large Cargo Freighter First Flight
20052002
787-8FirstFlight
787-8 Enters Service
AirplaneAnnouncement
Firm Configuration
Program Launch
Authorityto Offer
2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
787-3Enters
Service
787-9EntersService
Start of Major
Assembly
Progressing on ScheduleProgressing on Schedule
Worldwide Market Interest Strong36 customers, 455 announced orders and commitments. 432 Firm orders. (October 11, 2006)
* Leasing Operator
*
*
*
*
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Agenda
• Boeing Today
• 787 Dreamliner
• 21st Century Geopolitical/Environment Drivers
• 21st Century Owners
• 21st Century Operators
• 21st Century Customers
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Dwindling natural resources and environmental concerns
• Cleaner alternative fuels• Reduced emissions
Hydrogen Fuel Airplane
Urban congestion and population growth
• drive transportation integration and new modes of travel
Geopolitical and Environmental DriversGeopolitical and Environmental DriversGlobalization and leisure travel growth require safety and efficiency
• Breakthroughs in speed, range, and comfort
• New passenger convenience• Safe and affordable
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Agenda
• Boeing Today
• 787 Dreamliner
• 21st Century Geopolitical/Environment Drivers
• 21st Century Owners– New Missions and Configurations– Enabling Technologies
• 21st Century Operators
• 21st Century Customers
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Future Missions in the Next 20+ YearsFuture Missions in the Next 20+ Years• Super/hypersonic airplanes flying on
the edge of space to meet the needs of intercontinental business travelers
• Personal air vehicles capable of landing on the owner’s driveway could emerge over the next 100 years
• Ultra-quiet VTOL air taxis will move people from local parking lots to urban multi-modal transportation centers
• Autonomous systems will enable new defense missions and commercial services such as satellite repair
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Super-Efficient Platform TechnologiesSuper-Efficient Platform Technologies
Nanotech materials
Fire retardant foamw/Nano-composites
Integrally stiffened composite panels
Smart coatings
Multifunctional structures with embedded systems
Technologies being developed today for the aircraft of tomorrow
New metallic alloys
Joining processes thateliminate fasteners
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Clean Platform EnabledFuture Operational Environment
Clean/Safe Multi-modal Transportation Systems
• More Electric Technologies support no-bleed engines power; ultra-capacitors, Li-Ion Batteries
• Photonics - Control/Power By Light• Component Cooling by electron tunneling devices• Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Technologies Required to Realize the Morphing Aircraft of the FutureTechnologies Required to Realize the Morphing Aircraft of the Future
Imbedded Actuationand Thermal Control
New metallic alloysand flexible skins Small, Low Cost
Actuators
Advanced Structures
Nastic Structures
Real-timeFlight
Control SystemsActive Aeroelastic Wing Research
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Mission Adaptive, Multi-shipFlight ControlMission Adaptive, Multi-shipFlight Control
Piloted and autonomous air vehicles operate together in common controlled airspace
Intelligent and “learning” flight control systems will ensure safe and reliable aircraft
• Heterogeneous vehicle operations• Autonomous deconfliction• Managed formations of multiple aircraft – vortex
drag reduction, air refueling, etc.• Autonomous comm/surveillance platforms in near-
term. Autonomous cargo in 10-20 years
• Provide optimal use of all flight controls and effectors• Optimize performance and trajectory, for normal or
abnormal conditions• Key enabler for autonomous flight in national
airspace systems
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Agenda
• Boeing Today
• 787 Dreamliner
• 21st Century Geopolitical/Environment Drivers
• 21st Century Owners
• 21st Century Operators
• Super-Efficient Flight Crews
• Integrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health Management
• 21st Century Customers
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Super-Efficient Flight CrewsSuper-Efficient Flight CrewsKey Operational Challenges
Advanced vision & visualization devices• Synthetic/enhanced vision• Holographic/immersive interfaces• Seamless real-time collaboration
• Demand for increased capacity & efficiency• Need for improved system safety and security• Need to minimize operations & support costs• Integration of manned & unmanned vehicles
Enabling Technologies
Advanced automation and decision support• Intelligent/adaptive flight controls• Dynamic human-machine task allocation• Predictive models of human performance
Multi modality interfaces• Robust head and eye tracking devices• Touch sensitive/responsive interfaces• Spatial auditory cueing/discrimination• Speech synthesis/recognition
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Integrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health ManagementIntegrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health Management
• Prediction• Alerting• Trending• Advising
Forecasting Techniques
275.0
278.0
281.0
284.0
287.0
290.0
293.0
0 5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145
Tests
Pres
sure
( psi)
PALU
Average
OMRSD 281
LCL
UCL
Trend Line
TL UCLt
TL LCLt
UCL
LCL
Avg.
Trend Line Trend Line UCL
Trend Line LCL
Failure Threshold
Forecasting Techniques
275.0
278.0
281.0
284.0
287.0
290.0
293.0
0 5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145
Tests
Pres
sure
( psi)
PALU
Average
OMRSD 281
LCL
UCL
Trend Line
TL UCLt
TL LCLt
UCL
LCL
Avg.
Trend Line Trend Line UCL
Trend Line LCL
Failure Threshold
Bayesian Networks
Process Control
Data/Event Capture
• Prediction• Alerting• Trending• Advising
Forecasting Techniques
275.0
278.0
281.0
284.0
287.0
290.0
293.0
0 5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145
Tests
Pres
sure
( psi)
PALU
Average
OMRSD 281
LCL
UCL
Trend Line
TL UCLt
TL LCLt
UCL
LCL
Avg.
Trend Line Trend Line UCL
Trend Line LCL
Failure Threshold
Forecasting Techniques
275.0
278.0
281.0
284.0
287.0
290.0
293.0
0 5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145
Tests
Pres
sure
( psi)
PALU
Average
OMRSD 281
LCL
UCL
Trend Line
TL UCLt
TL LCLt
UCL
LCL
Avg.
Trend Line Trend Line UCL
Trend Line LCL
Failure Threshold
Bayesian Networks
Process Control
Data/Event Capture
Φ(ω)
Note the phase is similar to that of a pair of shorted wires
500000 1́ 106 1.5́106 2́ 106 2.5́106
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
ω
9mm abrasion is moisten (one wire is undamaged)
9mm abrasion is dry (one wire is undamaged)
Φ(ω)
Note the phase is similar to that of a pair of shorted wires
500000 1́ 106 1.5́106 2́ 106 2.5́106
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
ω
9mm abrasion is moisten (one wire is undamaged)
9mm abrasion is dry (one wire is undamaged)
Diagnostics Using WiringBroadband Impedance Methods
Engine Unbalance NeuralNetwork Algorithms
‘P’ Flange Accelerometer Strut Accelerometer
‘B’ Flange Accelerometer
FAN LPT(low pressure turbine)Missing Sensor Reconstruction
Advantages: (1) Uses all of the encoder outputs in the search process. The result is higher accuracy. (2) True projection not needed.
Failed Sensor
Readings
Known
Sensor
Values
Com
pute Error Betw
een Input & O
utput
Update using a search algorithm such as particle
swarm optimization or Newton-Raphson.
Advantages: (1) Uses all of the encoder outputs in the search process. The result is higher accuracy. (2) True projection not needed.
Failed Sensor
Readings
Known
Sensor
Values
Com
pute Error Betw
een Input & O
utput
Update using a search algorithm such as particle
swarm optimization or Newton-Raphson.
Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation Algorithms University of HawaiiUniversity of Hawaii
PrognostiCostIVHM Cost Modeling
Cladding
Core
Cladding
Jacket
JacketAffinity Coating
Fundamentalguided mode Cladding mode
Long -periodgrating
LCladding
Core
Cladding
Jacket
JacketAffinity Coating
Fundamentalguided mode Cladding mode
Long -periodgrating
Long -periodgrating
L
Corrosion Monitoring with Autonomous Structural IntegrityMonitoring System (ASIMS)
On and off board predictive health management
Integrated system architecture
Ubiquitous sensing
Self-awareness
Network centric system health and maintenance
services
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Agenda
• Boeing Today
• 787 Dreamliner
• 21st Century Geopolitical/Environment Drivers
• 21st Century Owners
• 21st Century Operators
• 21st Century Customers
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Passenger Flow ServicesPassenger Flow Services
Role-based access control
Mobile collaboration
Integrated travel data(land, sea, air)
Profile-based, location-enabledinformation push
Virtual private network
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.
Creating the Future of AerospaceCreating the Future of Aerospace
Questions?Questions?
Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.