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,k HMunfjcif;udk ckcHumuG,fjcif ;,k HMunf jci f;ud k ckcHumuG,fjcif;,k HMunfjcif;udk ckcHumuG,fjcif ;,k HMunf jci f;ud k ckcHumuG,fjcif;,k HMunf jci f;ud k ckcHumuG,fjcif ; (Apologetics)
oif Mum;&jcif;\ &nf&G,fcsufoif Mum;&jci f;\ &nf&G,fcsufoif Mum;&jcif;\ &nf&G,fcsufoif Mum;&jci f;\ &nf&G,fcsufoif Mum;&jcif;\ &nf&G,fcsuf
,k'? 3 ,kHMunfjcif;w&m;bufrSm BudK;pm; wkdufvSef&ef
2 aum 11;14 pmwefyifvQif vif;aomaumif;uifwrefuJhokdYjzpfonf/2 ayt 3;16 usrf;pmudk arSmufvSef&efavhvm
1 a,m 4;1-3 cyfodrf;aom pdwf0dnmOfudk r,kHMuESifhqef;ppfyg/ usrf;pmudk tjypftrsKd;rsKd;&SmwJh
ol Oyrm usrf;pm[m ynmrwwfwJholawGa&;w,f/
AD 30rSm a&mrudk OD;aqmifwJh bk&ifwpfyg;u usrf;pmpum;udkzsufw,f/ aemufwwfvmwJh
bk&ifu tkyf 50 a&;om;apvdkY trdefYxkwfvkdufw,f/ usrf;pmudk zsufvdkYr&bl;/
usrf;pmudk vlYtawG;tac:bufodkYygatmifqGJ wcsdKUu usrf;pmrzwfbJ qkawmif;vdkY
&ygw,f/ wcsdefu "C "edrdwfvuPmvkyfovdk ,ckvnf; vkyfEkdifw,fvdkYajymw,f/ trSm;bufudk
qGJMuw,f/
'gaMumifhApologeticsudk oif&wmjzpfw,f/
,kH Munfjcif ;w&m;ud k ckcHumuG,f jci f;,k HMunfjcif ;w&m;udk ckc HumuG,fjci f;,kH Munfjcif ;w&m;ud k ckcHumuG,f jci f;,k HMunfjcif ;w&m;udk ckc HumuG,fjci f;,kH Munfjcif ;w&m;udk ckc HumuG,fjci f;
,kHMunfjcif;w&m;udk ckcHumuG,faom bmom&yfonf ,kHMunfolwkdif;? trIawmfaqmifwkdif;?
avhvmcH,lxm;oifhaom ta&;BuD;aom bmo&yfwpfckjzpfonf/ rdrdcH,lxm;aom ,kHMunfjcif;?
w&m;vrf;aMumif;udk rw&m;a0zefajymqdkrI&Sdvmygu tcsdefra&G; ckcHumuG,fae&rnf jzpfonf/
,k' 3 wGif xkdodkYvkyfaqmifEkdif&ef wkdufwGef;EId;aqmfxm;NyDjzpfonf/
pmwefrm&fewfonf acwftqufquf"G"tm; awmfvSefykefuefaom oljzpfonfhtm;avsmfpGm
,aeYtoif;awmfrsm;wGifvnf; pmwef\ apwrefrsm;onf"G"apvTwfaomol tjzpf a,mifaqmif
NyD; ,kHMunfaomolrsm;tm; vSnfhzsm;aewwfygonf/ 2 aum 11;14 "C"\ 0dnmOfudkyif r&aomf
vnf; "G"ukd oduRrf;aomoluJhodkY ,kHMunfaom olrsm;xHodkY a&muf&Sdvmum ,kHMunfjcif;w&m;rS
azmufvGJazmufjyefjzpf&if BudK;pm;aevsuf&Sdonf/ 1 a,m 4;1-3/xkdodkYpmwefrm&fewfapvTwfam apwrefonf [kwfonfudk r[kwf[lif;? rSm;,Gif;aom
t&mudk rSefuefonf[lif;? "G"\ ormw&m;udk arSmufvSefvsuf&SdMuonf/ 2 ay 3;16
xkdYaMumifh,aeYaemufqkH;aom umvtcsdefwGif ormw&m;udk rSefuefpGm ykdif;jcm; oGefoifrI
jyKaeaom olrsm;onf ormw&m;bufrSm &yfwnfum ,kHMunfjcif;w&m;udk ckcHumuG,faeMu&rnf
jzpfonf/
bk&m;ocifwnf& Sdaejci f;ESi fhywfoufbk&m;ocifwnf&Sdaejcif;ESif hywfoufbk&m;ocifwnf& Sdaejci f;ESi fhywfoufbk&m;ocifwnf&Sdaejcif;ESif hywfoufbk&m;ocifwnf& Sdaejcif ;ESif hywfouf
odyH\ oabmobm0onft&m0wKudk wpfcg 1-3 cg wpfBudrf? 2 Budrf? 3 Budrf prf;oyfvdkY&rS &Sdw,fvdkY ,kHMunfonf/ odkYaomf orkdif;u wpfcgbJjzpfw,f aemufr&Sdvnf; jzpfcJhwm jzpfw,f/
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Oyrm eydkvsH? emZD &SdcJhw,f/ ,ckrawGU&vdkY r&Sdbl;vdkYajymvdkYr&yg/ xdkYaMumifh'C"[m wu,f&SdcJhw,f/
if;enf;wl 'C' 'G'udk odyHtwwfeJY prf;oyfvdkr&ayrJh wu,f&Sdw,f jzpfwnfaom t&mawGu
'G'&SdaMumif;udk azmfjyw,f/ Oyrm ausmufwvkH;jzifh eH&Hudk ypfvkdufvQif toHjyefvmw,f
(wefjyefoufa&mufrI)vlawGuawmh jyKjyifajymif;vJrIaMumifh t&m0wK ow0gawGjzpfvmw,fvdkY ajymMuw,f/
vlwpfa,mufu 'G'&JU zefqif;rIudk ,kHMunfw,f? BuD;vmawmh'G' ukd b,folzefqif;ovJ
[k ar;awmh rajzEkdifvdkY xkdar;cGef;aMumifholY,kHMunfjcif;udk zsufvdkufw,f/)
xm0&wnf&Sdaeaom b,folrS zefqif;p&mrvkdaom yk*dKvfonf bk&m;jzpfonf/ b,folurS
jzpfapjcif;r[kwfyg/
tk di f;pwkdif;ody Hynm&Sifutk di f;pwk di f;ody Hynm&Sifutk di f;pwkdif;ody Hynm&Sifutk di f;pwk di f;ody Hynm&Sifutk di f;pwk di f;ody Hynm& Si fu
pMuFm0VmBuD;jzpfwnfrIudk xdef;csKyfol&Sd&r,f/ 'gaMumifh'G'&SdvdkY ,kHMunfw,f/ oltm;jzifh
tEkjrLAkH;awGjzpfvmw,f/ tav;csdef&SdwJh pBuFm0VmBuD;u tcktcHr&SdbJ jzpfvmjcif;[mtHhMop&m
b,favmufaumif;ovJ? 'gu 'G'&Jh wefckd;aMumifhjzpfw,f/ aum 1 ; 17
aum 1;17
vlawGrSmvnf; wpfa,mufESifhwpfa,muf vkH;0rwlMuyg/ ynm&Sif'G' u jyKvkyfxm;jcif;
r[kwf ygvm;/
a,m 1;18 'C' avmuudk
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wwfrsm;tcsdKUwdkYonf trsKd;rsKd;aom usKd;aMumif;qufEG,fBudK;pm;qifjcifNyD; rdrdpdwfwkdif;us tajz
rawGUaomtg 'G' r&Sd[k tvG,fwul ajymwwfMuygonf/ ormusrf;pmxJwGif 'G' r&Sd[k qkdaom
otm; vlrdkuf[kqdkxm;ygonf/ Ps 14 ; 11
aemufusrf;wpfcsufwGif 'G' r&Sd[k ,lqaom olrsm;ESifh'G' &Sdonf[k odaomfjim;vnf;r,HkMunfaomolrsm;wdkYonf trSefwu,fpD&ifjcif;cH&rnfjzpfaMumif; azmfjyxm;NyD;jzpfygonf/ Rom
1 : 18 -20
uREkfyfwdkY,kHMunfolrsm;onf 'G'&SdaMumif; azmfjyEkdif&efESifh'G' rJhw&m;rJhtouf&Sifaeaom
olrsm;udk 'G' tm; ,kHMunfvmwwf&ef a0iSoufaocHae&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/
'G'&SdaMumif; oufaojyEkdifaom oufaoom"utrsm;&Sdygonf/
1/1/1/1/1/ ody HtwwfESi fh vufawGUrjyEk di faomfvnf; wnf&S daejcif;ody HtwwfESif h vufawGUrjyEk di faomfvnf; wnf&S daejcif ;ody HtwwfESi fh vufawGUrjyEk di faomfvnf; wnf&S daejcif;ody HtwwfESif h vufawGUrjyEk di faomfvnf; wnf&S daejcif ;ody HtwwfESif h vufawGUrjyEk di faomfvnf; wnf&S daejcif;
odyHynmudk ,kHMunfudk;pm;olrsm;\ tqkdonf'G' &SdaevQif odyH\ ed,mrw&m;tm;jzif h
oufaojyEkdif&rnf[k qdkonf/ odkYaomf odyHynmjzifh vufawGrjyEkdifaomfvnf; wnf&Sdaeaom
t&mrsm;pGm &Sdonf/ 'Eg' orkdif;onf odyHynmjzifh udkufnDrIr&Sdyg/ ]]odyH\ oabmw&m;onf
prf;oyfawGU&Sdcsufwpfck rSefuefaMumif;udk tBudrfBudrf prf;oyfNyD;rSom rSefuefaMumif; azmfjyEkdifaomf
vnf; orkdif;jzpf&yfrsm;onf aemufxyfwausmhjyefjzpfrvmyg/}}
'Eg' eydkvQH ppfAkdvfcsKyfqdkaom ol&SdcJhonf/ odkYaomfvnf; ,ckr&Sdawmhyg/ ol&SdcJhaMumif;
vufawGUrjyEkdifaomaMumifh r&SdcJh[l ajymr&yg/ xkdYtwl ordkif;0ifyk*Kdvfjzpfaom c&pfawmfonf
vnf; trSefwu,f&SdcJhygonf/ tjcm;aom odyHtwwfESifh oufaorjyEkdifaom t&mwpfckonf
arwmjzpfonf/ arwmb,fESpfaygif; b,fESpfay[l rwkdif;xGmrcsdefwG,fEkdifovdkbJ arwm&Sdae\/
vlwkdif;todjzpf\/
xkYdtjyif vlwkdif;wGif odyHtwwftm;jzifh oufaorjyEkdifaom eH0dnmOf&Sd\/ xkdeH0dnmOftm;jzifh
vlonf touf&Sifoefaejcif;jzpf\/
xkdYtwl 'G' onf odyHtwwfed,mrrsm;tm;jzifh oufaorjyEkdifaomfvnf; trSefwu,f&Sd
onf[k qkdEkdifjcif;jzpfonf/
2/ oufa&mufrIESifhwefjyefoufa&mufrIed,mr
odyHynmwGif lyaA'oabmt& oufa&mufrI&SdvQif wefYjyefoufa&mufrI&Sd&rnf[l
qdkxm;ygonf/ xdked,mrw&m;tm;jzifh MunfhvQif oDcsif;oDqkdaomol&SdrSom oDcsif;oH[l xGuf
ay:vmrnfjzpfonf/ zefwD;aomol&SdrSomvQif zefwD;vkyfaqmifxm;aom t&m0wK&Sdvmrnf jzpf\/
xkdaMumif;aMumifh urmpBuFm0VmwpfckvkH;onf zefwD;xm;aom t&m0wKrsm;jzpfNyD; zefwD;xm;aom
ol&SdaMumif; oufaojyaeonf/ ormusrf;pmxJwGif xdkzefwD;xm;olonf 'G' yifjzpfaMumif;oufao&Sdygonf/ Gen 1 : 1
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xkdeD,mroabmtm;jzifh vltcsdKUonf 'G' ukdvnf; zefqif;aomol&Sd&rnf[k xifrSwfNyD;
'G' udk rnfolzefqif;aomol&Sd&rnf[k xifrSwfNyD; 'G' udk rnfol zefqif;oenf;[l ar;cGef;
xkwfwwf Muygonf/ odkYaomf 'God'[laom a0g[m&onf zefqif;p&mrvdkaom zefqif;xm;ol
r&SdbJ? xm0&wnf&Sdaeaomoludk ac:qdkaom tokH;tEIef;jzpfaomaMumifh xdktrnfemronfyifvQiftajzjzpf\/
3/ vlESifhpBuF0Vm\ wnf&SdaeykHtm;jzifh oufaojyjcif;
odyHynm&Sifrsm;yifvQif vlonf tvGefxl;qef;aom ow0gjzpfonf[k ac:qdkwwf
Muygonf/ vl\ cEmpdwf0dnmOfqufEG,faeykH? OD;aPSmuftodmPfynmzGHUNzdK;BuD;vmrIESifh vl\
kyfvk H;ykHo@mefrsm;onf 'G'&SdaMumif; oufaojyaeygonf/ urmwGif vlom;oef;aygif;
ajcmufaxmifausmf&Sdaeaomfvnf; wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;t&m&mwkdif; cGJcRwfpGwfwlaeonf[l r&Sdyg/ xkdodkY
jzpfjcif;onf 'G' vuf&mudk azmfjyjcif;jzpf\/ xkdYtjyif urmBuD;\ vSyaom tqif;o@mefwGif
b,fyef;csDq&m? b,f'DZkdif;q&mrS rrSDEkdifaom t&mjzpf\/ urmpBuFm0Vm wpfckvkH;onf v[mjyif
wGif qJtiftm;udk,fpDESifh rwdrf;rvGJtpOfvnfywfaejcif;onfvnf; 'G' &SdaMumif; xdef;csKyfaeaom
tpGrf;wefcdk;&Sif&SdaMumif;? oufaojyaeygonf/
4/ bk&m;ukd,fwkdifavmuodkY qif;
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6/6/6/6/6/ ,k HMunfaom olrsm;\ toufwmajymi f;vJjcif ;oufao,kH Munfaom olrsm;\ toufwmajymif;vJjcif;oufao,k HMunfaom olrsm;\ toufwmajymi f;vJjcif ;oufao,kH Munfaom olrsm;\ toufwmajymif;vJjcif;oufao,k HMunfaom olrsm;\ toufwmajymi f;vJjci f;oufao
c&pfawmftm; rdrd\ u,fwifykdif&Siftjzpf pdwfESvkH;t
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c&p fawmfonf rdrdud k,fwkdif bk&m; jzp faMumif; azmfjyaom tcsufrsm;c&pfawmfonf rdrdud k,fwkdif bk&m;jzpfaMumi f; azmf jyaom tcsufrsm;c&p fawmfonf rdrdud k,fwkdif bk&m; jzp faMumif; azmfjyaom tcsufrsm;c&pfawmfonf rdrdud k,fwkdif bk&m;jzpfaMumi f; azmf jyaom tcsufrsm;c&pfawmfonf rdrdud k,fwkdif bk&m;jzpfaMumi f; azmf jyaom tcsufrsm;
1/ 'C'tm;odNyD;aomoljzpfaMumif; Jn 8; 19, 14; 7
2/ 'C'tm;jrifaomolonf bk&m;ociftm;jrifaomoljzpfaMumif; Jn 12 : 45, 14 : 9
3/ 'C' tm; ,kHMunfaomolonf 'G' ukd ,kHMunfaomoljzpfaMumif; Jn 12 : 44, 14:14/ 'C' tm; vufcHaomolonf 'G' tm; vufcHaomoljzpfaMumif; Mk 9 ; 37
5/ 'C' tm; rkef;wD;aomolonf 'G' tm; rkef;wD;aomoljzpfaMumif; Jn 15 : 23
6/ 'C' tm; rdkraojyKaomolonf 'G' tm;rdkraojyKaomoljzpfaMumif; Jn 15;23
c&p fawmfbk&m;jzpf jcif;udk yd kr dkck di fvIHpGm azmf jyaeaomtcsufrsm;c&pfawmfbk&m;jzpfjci f;ud k yd kr dkck di fvIHpGm azmf jyaeaomtcsufrsm;c&p fawmfbk&m;jzpf jcif;udk yd kr dkck di fvIHpGm azmf jyaeaomtcsufrsm;c&pfawmfbk&m;jzpfjci f;ud k yd kr dkck di fvIHpGm azmf jyaeaomtcsufrsm;c&pfawmfbk&m;jzpf jci f;ud k yd kr dkck di fvIHpGm azmf jyaeaomtcsufrsm;
1/ 'C'\ toufwmonf ol\ oGefoifcsufESifh vkH;0udkufnDaeaMumif;onf bk&m;jzpaMumif;
azmfjyaomtcsufBuD;w&yfjzpfonf/ 'C'onf tjypfrJhaomoljzpfaMumif;vkH;0tjypfESifh roufqkdif
aom oltjzpfif;ol\ a&SUarSmufwGif &SdcJhaom olrsm;onf oufaojzpfcJhMuygonf/ Jn 8; 46
xkdYtjyif ydvwfrif;onfvnf; 'C'onf tjypfrJhaom oljzpfaMumif; azmfjycJhNyD;jzpfonf/
Lk 23:22, Mt 27:54
c&pfawmfcspfaom wynfhawmf aywkonfvnf; 'C' onf tjypfrodaomol tjypfESifh
rpyfqkdifaom bk&m;jzpfaomfvnf; vlom;rsm;\ udk,fpm; taocHcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;udk &Sif;vif;pGm
azmfjycJhygonf/ 2 Cor 5:21
2/ 'C'onf obm0pGrf;tm;? obm0w&m;tay: MoZm&SdaomoljzpfaMumif; -
c&pfawmfonf bk&m;ppf? bk&m;rSefjzpfaomaMumifhom obm0pGrf;tm;jzpfaom avrkefwkdif;
ESifh yifv,fvIdif;wHykd;udk ol\ pum;wpfcGef;jzifh Nidrf;apcJhygonf/ Mk 4: 35- 41
xdkYtjyif obm0w&m;ESifh qefYusifaom erdwfvuPmtrsKd;rsKd;udkvnf; jyocJhonf/ Oyrm
rkefY 5 vkH;ESifh ig; 2 aumif tm;jzifh vlig;axmifudk auR;arG;jcif;? a,m 6;5-13
- a&rS pyspf&nfjzpfvmjcif; a,m 2- vlaoudk&Sifapjcif; a,m 2
- wdkYudk jyocJhjcif;onf 'G' jzpfaMumif;udk &Sif;vif;pGm azmfjyaejcif;jzpfonf/
3/ c&pfawmfonf tema&m*grsm;tay:wGif MoZmtmPm&Sdjcif; 'C' onf 'G'jzpfaomaMumifh
om tema&m*grsm;udkvnf; ol\ pum;wcGef;jzifh aysmufuif;apEkdifcJhaMumif; awGU&ygonf/
Oyrm (38) ESpfywfvkH;a&m*gpGJaomvlemudk usef;rmapjcif;
a,m 5 ; 5 - 9- rsufpduef;aomoltm; jrifapjcif;? a,m 9
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- ElempGJaomolrsm;tm; aysmufuif;apjcif; vkum 17 ; 11-19
4/ c&pfawmfonf ewfqdk;0dnmOfrsm;ay:wGif MoZm&Sdjcif;
'C' onf 'G' jzpfjcif;udk ewfqdk;rsm;tm; ESifxkwfjcif;tm;jzihfif;? rm 5;7-8? (18) ESpfvkH;
ewfpGJ a&m*gESdyfpufjcif;cH&aom trsKd;orD;udk ewfqdk;vufrS vGwfapNyD;? tema&m*g aysmufapjcif;tm;jzifhif; jyocJhygonf/ vk 13;11-13
5/ &Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;onf bk&m;jzpfaMumif;udk &Sif;vif;pGm oufaojyaeonf/ vlom;rSefvQif
cEmaojcif; tqkH;owfMuNyD; &SifjyefxajrmufEkdifjcif;r&SdcJhMuaomfvnf; 'C' onf vltrsm;a&SUwGif
ao;NyD;aemuf (3)&ufajrmufaomaeYwGif jyef xajrmufcJhol jzpfonf/ rJ 28;1-6
6/ ,aeY,kHMunfolrsm;\ toufwmwGif'C'\ tpGrf;wefckd;udk vufawGUawGUBuKHcHpm;ae&jcif;
onfvnf; 'C' bk&m;jzpfjcif;udk azmfjyaejcif; oufaojyjcif;jzpfonf/ zdvdyd 413/
tcef; (3)tcef; (3)tcef; (3)tcef; (3)tcef; (3)
c&p fawmf&Sif jyefxajrmufjcif;c&p fawmf& Si fjyefxajrmufjcif;c&p fawmf&Sif jyefxajrmufjcif;c&p fawmf& Si fjyefxajrmufjcif;c&p fawmf& Si fjyefxajrmuf jcif;
c&pfawmf\ &SifjyefxajrmufcHjcif;taMumif;ESifh ywfouf 'C' xajrmufcJhaom AD30
tcsdefrSp trsKd;rsKd;a0zefuJh&JUajymqdkcHcJh&ygonf/ r[kwfrrSefowif; trsKd;rsKd;vTifhum 'C' r&Sifjyefyg
[lvnf; zefwD;ajymqdkcJhMuygonf/ odkYaomf'C' trSefwu,f &SifjyefxajrmufcJhjcif;taMumif;onf
odomxif&Sm;aom oufaorsm;jzifh oufaojyvsuf&Sdonf -
odomxif&Sm;aom oufaorsm;odomxif&Sm;aom oufaorsm;odomxif&Sm;aom oufaorsm;odomxif&Sm;aom oufaorsm;odomxif&Sm;aom oufaorsm;
1/ c&pf,meftoif;awmfrsm;tm; wnf&Sdaejcif;
AD30 tcsdefrSp c&pfawmftoif;awmf[l &SdvmcJh&m ,aeYwkdifatmif yGm;rsm;vsuf&Sdygonf/
wurmvkH;ESHjym;vQuf&Sdonf/ uJhodkY pwifcJh&jcif;\ tptOD;udk MunfhvQif omoemudk tpjyKcJh
aom tEdtkwf? toif;awmf&Sd ,kHMunfolrsm;\ a[majymoGefoifcsuf? ,kHMunfcsufwdkYonf 'C'
&Sifjyefxajrmufjcif; t"dutajcjyKxm;aMumif; awGU&onf/ xkdtoif;awmfrS yGm;rsm;aomwpfurmvkH;&Sd rSefuefaom toif;awmfrsm; tm;vkH;\ ,kHMunfjcif;? tajccHtkwfjrpfonfvnf;
'C'\ &Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;taMumif; wnfaqmufxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
2/2/2/2/2/ 0wf jyKud k;uG,fjci f;\ aeY&ufonf OykofaeYrS we*FaEGaeYod kY ul;ajymif;vmjcif ;0wf jyKud k;uG,fjcif;\ aeY&ufonf OykofaeYrS we*FaEGaeYod kY ul;ajymif ;vmjcif;0wf jyKud k;uG,fjci f;\ aeY&ufonf OykofaeYrS we*FaEGaeYod kY ul;ajymif;vmjcif ;0wf jyKud k;uG,fjcif;\ aeY&ufonf OykofaeYrS we*FaEGaeYod kY ul;ajymif ;vmjcif;0wfjyKudk ;uG,fjcif ;\ aeY&ufonf OykofaeYr S we*FaEGaeYod kY ul;ajymif ;vmjcif ;
AD(30) tcsdefxdwdkifatmif ,k'xkH;wrf;pOfvmt& xm0& 'G' udk 0wfjyKudk;uG,faom
aeYonf OykofaeY (Sabvath day)omjzpf\/ odkYaomfAD(30)cefYtcsdefrSp ,kHMunfaom c&pf,mef
rsm;\ 0wfjyKudk;uG,f&maeYonf we*FaEG(Sunday)jzpfvmaMumif; awGU&onf/ xdkuJhodkY jzpfvmjcif;
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onf xkdae&mtcsdefwGif vkH;0jiif;qdk r&aom c&pf,mefwdkY\ 0wfjyKudk;uG,fjcif;ESifh ywfoufaom
taMumif;w&m;wpfckjzpfay:vmcJhjcif;aMumifhom jzpf\/ xkdtaMumif;onf'C'\ &Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;
taMumif;jzpf\/
3/3/3/3/3/ c&p f,mefwd kY\ pmtkyfwnf;[laom "ropfusrf;\ taxmuftxm;c&pf,mefwdk Y\ pmtkyfwnf;[laom "ropfusr f;\ taxmuftxm;c&p f,mefwd kY\ pmtkyfwnf;[laom "ropfusrf;\ taxmuftxm;c&pf,mefwdk Y\ pmtkyfwnf;[laom "ropfusr f;\ taxmuftxm;c&p f,mefwdk Y\ pmtkyfwnf;[laom "ropfusrf;\ taxmuftxm;
'C'\ &SifjyefxajrmufcJhjcif;taMumif;udk tBudrfrsm;pGm "ropfusrf; oufocHxm;aMumif;
awGU&onf/ rsufjrifoufaorsm;jzpfMuaom a,m[efaywk? rJwdkYudk,fwkdif a&;om;xm;aom
rSwfwrf;rsm;ESifhwuG rsufjrifoufaorsm;rS wqifhudk;um;a&;om;aom wrefawmf aygvk\
a&;om;csufvnf; yg&Sdygonf/ 'C'&SifjyefxajrmufcJhNyD;&uf (40) tawmtwGif; tBudrftcg
(10) Budrfxufenf; wynfhawmfrsm;a&SUvltrsm;ta&SUwGif udk,fa&mifjycJhaMumif; "ropfusrf;wGif
a&;om;jyKpkxm;ygonf/ a,m 20-21? 1 aum 15;4-5/
4/4/4/4/4/ vGwfvyfv[mjzpfaeom ocsKif;* l\ oufaovGwfvyfv[mjzpfaeom ocsKif;* l\ oufaovGwfvyfv[mjzpfaeom ocsKif;* l\ oufaovGwfvyfv[mjzpfaeom ocsKif;* l\ oufaovGwfvyfv[mjzpfaeom ocsKif;* l\ oufao
'C' tm;jrKyfESHcJhaom *lonf 'C'\ tavmif;jrKyfESHNyD;onfhaemuf (3) &uf tcsdefrSp
vGwfvyfv[mjzpfaeonfrSm ,aeYwkdifatmifjzpf\/ tu,f 'C' rxajrmufcJhygu xkdocsKif;*lonf
ydwfvsuf &SdaeOD;rnfodkYr[kwfvlrsm; zsufqD;ypfrnf/
c&p fawmftm; qef Yusifolwd kY\ vkyf BuHajymqdkrIrsm;c&pfawmftm; qef Yusifolwdk Y\ vkyf BuHajymqd kr Irsm;c&p fawmftm; qef Yusifolwd kY\ vkyf BuHajymqdkrIrsm;c&pfawmftm; qef Yusifolwdk Y\ vkyf BuHajymqd kr Irsm;c&pfawmftm; qef Yusifolwdk Y\ vkyf BuHajymqd kr Irsm;
1/ 'C'\ wynfhawmfrsm; cdk;,loGm;onf[k qdkjcif;
'C'&SifjyefxajrmufcJhaom eHeufwGifyif vkyfBuHajymqkdrIonf xGufay:vmcJhonf/ rJ
28;11-15 ,Zfya&m[dwfrsm;ESif h ,kvltBuD;tuJwdk Yonf 'C' tm; jrKyfESHcJhaom *l0wGif
apmifhMuyfcJhaom a&mrppfom;rsm;udk aiGay; ajymqdkcJhapjcif;jzpf\/
pOf;pm;p&mrSm wynfhawmfrsm;wdkYonf tavmif;udk ckd;,lMurnfh olckd;rsm;vnf; r[wkfyg/
r[kwfrcH ormortm;jzifh touf&SifcJhMuolrsm;jzpfonf/ xkdYtjyif 'C' xajrmufcJhjcif;r&Sdygu
xdktaMumif;aMumifh wynfhawmfrsm;onf ESdyfpufnif;yef;jcif;udk cH,lvdkMurnfr[kwfyg 'C' xajrmufcJhjcif;aMumifhomvQif ESdyfpufnyef;jcif;rsKd;pkHudk cH,lcJhMuonfomru taoowfjcif;udkyifvQif
cHcJhMuygonf/
2/ a&mrppfom;rsm;ESifh ,k'vltBuD;tuJwdkY 'C'\ tavmif;udk ,l0Sufxm;of[k qkdjif;/
tqkdrSefuefrnfqdkvQif wynfhawmfrsm;udk 'C' \ &Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;taMumif;
ra[majym&ef BuKd;pm; ydwfyifaep&mrvdkyg/ xdkuJhod kY wynfhawmfrsm;a
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3/ rm*'vmrm&dESifh tjcm;aom rm&dwdkYonf *lrSm; oGm;a&mufMunfhIrdjcif;jzpfonf[k qkdjcif;/
tqdkt& xdkrm&dtrnf&Sdaom trsKd;orD;rsm;wdkYonf tvGefidka
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&ef oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wkdufwGef;OD;aqmifvrf;jyrIatmuf vkyfaqmifae&jcif;jzpfonf/
(2 ay 1;20-21)
(ya&mzufrsm;onf rdrd\ pum;udkajymjcif;r[kwfbJ 'G' \ EIwfawmftjzpf wm0ef ,ljcif;
jzpfonf/ 'G' ajymapaomtcg 'G' a&;om;apaomt&mrsm;udk 'G' \ trdefYt& a&;om;apjcif;jzpfonf/ (2 &m 23;2) (a,&rd 1;9 ; 3;8)
xdkYtjyif usrf;pmwpftkyfvkH;onf EIwfy,fr&? xyfoGif; r&aom 'G'\ EIwfxGufpum;
jzpfaMumif;udk wrefawmfa,m[efvnf; oufaocHxm;NyD;jzpfonf/ (Asm 22;18-19)
tjcm;xif&Sm;aom oufaowpfckonf a&SU a&;om;xm;NyD;aom usrf;pmrsm;udk aemuf
jyefa&;aom usrf;q&mrsm;u rdrdwdkY\ usrf;pmtkyfrsm;wGif udk;um;a&;om;xm;aMumif; awGU&onf/
xkdodkY vkyfaqmifjcif;onf a&SUa&;om;xm;NyD;aom usrf;rsm;udk rSefuefaomt&m trSm;t,Gif;uif;
aom t&mtjzpf todtrSwfjyKjcif;jzpfonf/
xkdokdY 'G' udk,fwkdifa&;xm;apaom EIwfawmfxGufpum;rsmudk a&;om;xm;jcif;onf 'G'
\trdefYjzpfaMumif;udk wrefawmfaygvkvnf; azmfjyxm;ygonf/ (1aum? 14;37)/
xkdYaMumifh wrefawmfaywkonfvnf; 'G' EIwfawmfxGufwnf;[laom ormusrf;pmudk
cH,ljcif;r&SdbJ arSmufvSefaomolwdkYonf rdrdudk,fudk zsufqD;jcif;jzpfaMumif; azmfjyxm;ygonf/
(2ay? 3;16)/
c&pfawmf\ oufaocHcsufc&p fawmf\ oufaocHcsufc&pfawmf\ oufaocHcsufc&p fawmf\ oufaocHcsufc&pfawmf\ oufaocHcsuf
(1) usrf;pmwGif&SdaompmvkH;wkdif;onf rjynfhpkHbJ rae[k oufaocHxm;onf/ (rJ 5;18)
(2) 'C' tm; pmwefrm&fewfaoG;aqmifaomtcgwGifvnf; usrf;pmvmonfum;[k qdkum
EIwfuywfawmf ormusrf;pmtm;jzifh pmwefrmewftm; wGef;vSefajcrIef;onf/ (rJ 4;10)
(3) 'G'\rdefYrSmcsufrsm;ESifh 'C' \ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;onf usrf;pmcsuf jynfhpkH&efjzpfaMumif;
azmfjyxm;ygonf/ (rJ 26;54-56)
(4) 'C' udk,fwkdif xdkusrf;pmonf ol\ oufaojzpfaMumif;udkvnf; azmfjyxm;ygonf/ (a,m5;39)
ormusr; fpmonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfxGufpum;jzp faMumif ; oufaojyaeaomormusr; fpmonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfxGufpum;jzpfaMumi f; oufaojyaeaomormusr; fpmonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfxGufpum;jzp faMumif ; oufaojyaeaomormusr; fpmonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfxGufpum;jzpfaMumi f; oufaojyaeaomormusr; fpmonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfxGufpum;jzpfaMumi f; oufaojyaeaom
tjcm;aom xif&Sm;onfhtcsufrsm; -tjcm;aom xif&Sm;onfhtcsufrsm; -tjcm;aom xif&Sm;onfhtcsufrsm; -tjcm;aom xif&Sm;onfhtcsufrsm; -tjcm;aom xif&Sm;onfhtcsufrsm; -
(1)(1)(1)(1)(1) ormusrf;pm tHhbG,f&mwpfpnf;wpfvkH;wnf; jzp fjcif;ormusrf;pm tH hbG,f&mwpfpnf;wpfvk H;wnf;jzpfjcif ;ormusrf;pm tHhbG,f&mwpfpnf;wpfvkH;wnf; jzp fjcif;ormusrf;pm tH hbG,f&mwpfpnf;wpfvk H;wnf;jzpfjcif ;ormusrf;pm tHhbG,f&mwpfpnf;wpfvkH;wnf; jzp fjcif;
ormusrf;pmonfESpf (1600) cefYtwGif; rwlnDaom ae&ma'o? rwlnDaom tcsdef?
rwlnDaom ynmtqifhtwef; &SdcJhaom vlta,muf (40)tm;jzifha&;om;cJhjcif; jzpfaomf vnf;usrf;tkyfwpftkyfESifh wpftkyfoabmxm;jcif; nDnGwfpGm tH0if*GifusjzpfaeaMumif; awGU&onf/
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usrf;tkyf (66) tkyfpvkH;onf OD;wnfcsuf? &nf&G,fcsufwpfckom &SdaeaMumif; awGU&onf/
(2) ormusrf;pm\ tHbG,f&mwnfwHhaejcif;
bmoma&;? EkdifiHa&; rnfrQyif IwfaxG;jcif;&SdcJhaomfvnf; acwftqufqufwGif ormusrf;pm
onf wnfwHhvQuf &SdaecJhaMumif; awGU&onf/ (at'D 303) wGif a&mrbk&if DiocletiononfolawGUjriforQaom usrf;pmtkyfrsm;udk zsufqD;rD;dIUNyD; atmifyGJcHcJhaomfvnf; (25) ESpf tMum
ol\ ae&mwGif qufcHaom bk&if Constantineonf tpkd;&\ ukefusp&dwfjzifh usrf;pmtkyf (50)
a&;om;jyKpk&rnf[k trdefYxkwfcJhonf/
xkdUtjyif (18) &mpkwGif jyifopft&m&SdVoltaineqdkolonf &mpkESpfwpfcktwGif; urmay:wGif
ormusrf;pmtkyfwpftkyfrQ rusefap&[k a[mudef;xkwfcJhonf/ odkYaomf olaoqkH;NyD;onfhaemufESpf
(50) tMumwGif Genever Bible Societyonf ol\ ykHESdyfwkdufta[mif;ukd tokH;jyKcH&aMumif;
awGU&onf/
(3) ormusrf;pmonf orkdif;okawoewdkYESifh ukdufnDrI
ormusrf;pm awGU&aom taMumif;t&mrsm;onf orkdif;okawoeESifh a&S;a[mif;okawoe
wkdY\ awGUjrifcsufrsm;ESifh tH0if*GifusjzpfaeaMumif; awGU&onf/ 'G'udk ,kHMunftm;udk;jcif; r&Sdaom
a&S;a[mif;okawoeynm&SifSir Willian Ramsayonf yifvQif ormusrf;pm awGU&aom orkdif;0if
tcsuftvufrsm;onf tvGefyiftm;udk;tm;xm;aom tcsufrsm;jzpfaMumif;ESifh &Sifvkumtm;vnf;
tvGefyif wdusrSefuefaom orkdif;q&mtjzpf todtrSwfjyKxm;ygonf/
(4) ormusrf;pm&Sd ya&mzufjyKxm;aom tcsufrsm;jynfhpkHjcif;
ormusrf;pmwGif a&S;ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuyif a[mudef;xkwfxm;cJhNyD;jzpfaom ya&mzufjyKcsuf
rsm;onf aemufwGif jynfhpkHvmcJhaMumif; azmfjyxm;ygonf/
Mcolowell[k ac:aom usrf;pmq&mwpfa,muf\ awGUjrifcsufonf 'C' ESifh ywfouf
BudKa[mxm;aom ya&mzufjyKxm;csufonf (61) ckonf jynfhpkHNyD;jzpfonf[k qkdygonf/
xkdodkY jynfhpkHcsufrsm;udk Munfhjcif;tm;jzifh a&SUqufjynfhpkHp&m&Sdaom tcsufrsm;onfvnf;,kHrSm;oHo,&Sdp&mtaMumif;&Sdyg/
(6)(6)(6)(6)(6) ormusrf;pmud k ,kHMunfvufcHolrsm;\ toufwmajymif;vJ jci f;ormusrf ;pmud k ,kHMunfvufcHolr sm;\ toufwmajymif ;vJjcif ;ormusrf;pmud k ,kHMunfvufcHolrsm;\ toufwmajymif;vJ jci f;ormusrf ;pmud k ,kHMunfvufcHolr sm;\ toufwmajymif ;vJjcif ;ormusrf ;pmud k ,kHMunfvufcHolr sm;\ toufwmajymif;vJ jci f;
vlwdkYrnfodkYyifqdkapumrl ormusrf;pm&Sd 'G' \ EIwfxGufpum;udk ,kHMunfaom olrsm;\
touwm tHhbG,f&majymif;vJoGm;jcif;jzpf&yfonf EIwfuywfawmfjzpfaMumif;azmfjyaeaom
tcsufyifjzpfonf/
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tcef;(5)tcef;(5)tcef;(5)tcef;(5)tcef;(5)
erdwfvuPmtrSe f& SdcJ hygovm;erdwfvuPmtrSef& SdcJhygovm;erdwfvuPmtrSe f& SdcJ hygovm;erdwfvuPmtrSef& SdcJhygovm;erdwfvuPmtrSe f& SdcJ hygovm;
xkdt&mESifh ywfoufqefYusifajymqdkolrsm;u -
Oyrm - a,meudk wu,fig;rsKdovm;/ olYtdrfudk jyefa&;wmvm;/ Liberalismyifv,feDudkusLawm - avjyif;wkdufvkdufa&enf;oGm;? rkefyig;vkH;ig;ESpfaumif? 'DvdkawmxJudk
oGm;&if olYrkefYol,lvmNyD;aemh zGifhpm;Muwm? JauR;wmvdkY ajymwmjzpfrvm;? wpfcsdKUu ajz&Sif;
vdkY r&wJh jyemudk 'G'wufEkdifw,fvdkY ajym&jcif;jzpfw,f/ usefwJht&mawGawmhudk,fhmPfeJY
pOfpm;NyD;ajymMu/ wu,fawmh xm0&wefcdk;&Sifjzpf&if rwufEkdifwJht&mbm&SdrvJ/ 'G'&Sdw,f vdkY
,kH&if erdwf vuPmaum k,kHw,f/ *syefwuodkvfq&mu vlubk&m;jzpfw,fqdkwm igawmh
r,kHbl;vdkYajymw,f/ bk&m;qdkwJha0g[m&udk od b,folurS owfrSwfp&m rvdkbJbk&m;u olY[m
oljzpfaew,f/ 'G' udk obm0w&m;tm;jzifh abmifcwfxm;vdkYr&bl;/ Oyrm - vlaoudk jyef&Sifap?
obm0u r&Sifbl;? wcsdKUu erdwfvuPmudkbJ tHhMow,f/ 'G' vkyfw,fqkdwm r,kHbl;/ uREkfyfwdkY
rrSDEkdifaoam xl;jcm;aom obm0w&m;vdkY ajymw,f erdwfvuPmudkMiraclerxifrSwfwJh vlu
wpfckckvkyf&ifokH;w,f/ nHholuawm&if okH;w,f'gayrJh 'Miracleu vlawGvkyf vdkYr&wJh
obm0w&m;eJY xl;jcm;wJh t&mawGudkrS okH;&rSmjzpfw,f/ 'G' vkyfwJhMiracle[m obm0w&m;eJY
tm;vkH;tjynfhtpkH tajzrxkwfEkdifwJh t&mjzpfw,f wcsdKUu erdwfvuPmudk obm0eJY tajz&Sm
- Oyrmpyspf&nfjzpfjcif;udk cyfwJhvluwu,frl;awmh pyspf&nfykH;rSef;rodbJ a&cyfwnfhwmvdkYbJ
xifNyD; avmif;xnfhjcif;bJjzpfw,f/ odkYaomf vmZkudkawmh odyfrajymbl;/ 2k 17tElonf
vufwdk&mrS jyef&Snfvmw,f/ 'Jn 19arG;prS rsufrjrif'gudk awmhxnfhrajym - a,&dacgNrdKUkd;u
a[mif;EGrf;vdkY vlawGuvrf;avQmuf wkefcgrIaMumifh atmf[pfaMumif;? toHvIdif;? wkefcgrIaMumifhjzpf
w,fvdkYajym - tD*spfjynfrSm erdwfvuPmjyKcJhbl;w,f/ orkdif;rSm &SdcJhw,f/
erdwfvuPm' DaeY jzp fE kdifrvm;/erdwfvuPm'DaeY jzpfEk di frvm;/erdwfvuPm' DaeY jzp fE kdifrvm;/erdwfvuPm'DaeY jzpfEk di frvm;/erdwfvuPm' DaeYjzpfEk di frvm;/
'DaeY 'G' u O.T.N.Ttp vkdrvkyfawmhbl; tcsdefukefoGm;NyD;jzpfw,f/ 'Dae 'G' rvkyfEkdifwmawmhr[kwfbl; wrefawmf jzpf&ef 'C' ukd udk,fwkdifjrif? pum;Mum;? twlwlavQmufol ya&mzuf
'C' rvmcifBudKajymol'G' jyKwJh rdwfvuPm[m raMujimbl;? ykHpHwpfckwnf;eJY rvkyfbl;/ awGUorQ
tema&m*gNidrf;jcif; rvkyfbl;/ Jn 5:5-9aAo' wHcg;rSm taema&m*gonfudk tm;vkH;rNidrf;apbl;/
ol Ytvd k& SdwJ holudkbJ vkyfaqmifw,f/ 'C'&JU edrdwfvuPmonf t&mtm;vk H;tay:r Sm
MoZmtmPm&SdaMumif;udk azmfjyjcif;jzpfw,f/
acwfynmwwfaomolrsm;onf rdrdudk,fudkrdrdawmfonfwwfonf[k xifrSwfumbk&m;udk
qefYusifaom tawG;tac:rsm; awG;ac:vm&if;rS erdwfvuPmudk jiif;y,fvmMujcif;jzpfonf/a,meonf ig;BuD;0rf;AdkufxJwGif trSefwu,fa&mufcJhjcif;r[kwfbJ rdrd\ tdrfrufudk om trSef
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jzpfonf[k owfrSwf,lonf[kif;'C' onf rkefYig;vkH;ESifh ig;ESpfaumiftm;jzifh vlig;axmfudk
a
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tm; qefYusifaom olrsm;yifvQifoufaojzpfcJhMuonf/ a,m 9? 11;47
c&p fawmferdwfvumrsm;udk jyKvky f&jcif;\ &nf&G,fcsufc&pfawmferdwfvumrsm;ud k jyKvkyf&jcif;\ &nf&G,fcsufc&p fawmferdwfvumrsm;udk jyKvky f&jcif;\ &nf&G,fcsufc&pfawmferdwfvumrsm;ud k jyKvkyf&jcif;\ &nf&G,fcsufc&pfawmferdwfvumrsm;ud k jyKvkyf&jcif;\ &nf&G,fcsuf
bk&m;ocifonf erdwfvuPmrsm;udk vkkyfaqmifcJh&m wdusaom &nf&G,fcsufwpfcktwGufvkyfaqmifcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ xkdodkY vkyfaqmif&m erdwfvuPmwckudkom xyfrHvkyfqmifaejcif;
r[kwfbJ xkd&nf&G,fcsufNyD;ajrmufoGm;aomtcg xyfrHvkyf aqmifjcif;rjyKawmhyg/ tu,f
xyfrHtpOfvkyfaqmifaeygu erdwfvuPmr[kwfawmhbJ obm0 w&m;xJrS jzpfkd;jzpfpOfwpfckom
jzpfvmcJhrnfjzpfonf/
&Sif;vif;csuf&Si f;vif;csuf&Sif;vif;csuf&Si f;vif;csuf&Sif;vif;csuf
omrmefvl 80% [m Psychosometies'DpdwfzdpD;rIcH&wJh vljzpfvdkYa&m*gjzpfaew,f/ Psycho
therapeuticpdwfydkif;qkdif&mukxkH;
'C' taejzifh erdwvuPmrsm;udk jyKvkyfaqmif&GufcJhjcif;rSmvnf; wdusaom &nf&G,fcsuf
rsm;jzifh vkyfaqmifcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
(1) 'C'oa&vvlwdkYonf erdwfvuPmudkjrifrS om,kHMunfrnfjzpfaomaMumifh/ a,m 4;48?
1aum 1;22? 2aum 12;12/ a[NAJ 2;3-4
(2) ol\ emrukd ,kHMunfjcif;tm;jzifh xm0&touf&aMumif;ESifhjy&efjzpfonf/ rJ 9;6
(3) olonf avmuwGif tjypfvGwfydkifcGifh&SdaomojzpfaMumif; azmfjy&ef/ rJ 9;6
(4) ar&Sd,
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bk&m;ocifonfvnf; erdwfvuPmudk ol\ &nf&G,fcsuf? aMujimapvkdaomtaMumif;
t&mrsm;udk erdwfvuPmrsm;tm;jzifh tukeftpif aMujimNyD; uREkfyfwdkYonf jynfhpkHaom usrf;pmudk
&&S dxm;Ny D;jzpfonf/ xdk YaMumifh,aeYvkyfaqmifaeaom erdwfvuPmrsm;onf 'G' xHrS
owif;rygaom 'G' \ &nf&G,fcsuftjyifbuf&Sdaom vl\ BuHpnfvkyfaqmifrIrsm;omjzpfaMumif;odomxif&Sm;ygonf/
&Sif;vif;csuf
Acts, 19:1-2 - aygvk&JU tema&m*gNidrf;jcif;vkyfw,f/ oludk,fwkdifvkyfcJh/
26 ri 12:7-9 - oludk,fwkdifzsm;awmh temrNidrf;Ekdifbl;/
2 Tim 4:20 - zsm; - xm;cJh
- wdarmo (tpmtdrf) jzpfEkdif (a&m*g)
AD70 aemufydkif;rSm toif;awmforkdif;wavQmufrjzpfcJhyg/ ukefqkH;oGm;NyDjzpfw,f/
1960 ausmf tar&du? avmpefY*sufupfrSmp
1950-6 rSm udk;&D;,m;rSmjyefpvmcJh
wrefawmfaygvkudk,fwkdif erdwfvuPmrsm;onf ,aeYtoif;awmfrsm;twGuf r&Sdrjzpfaom
t&mjzpfygu 'G' \ trIawmfaqmifBuD;wrefawmfaygvkudk,fwkdif erdwfvuPmrsm;\ tcsdefumv
ukefqkH;aMumif;awGUjrifcHpm;cJh&rnfr[kwfyg/
wrefawmfaygvkonf ol\ 'kwd,omoemjyKc&D;pOf {zufNrdKUwGif tHbG,f&merdwfvuPm
rsm; tema&m*gNidrf;jcif;rsm;? rsm;pGmudk vkyfaqmifcJholjzpfaomfvnf; (Acts 19: 11-12)rdrdudk,fay:wGif
jyefvnf&ifqkdifcHpm;ae&aom a&m*gtwGuf rnfokdYyif qkawmif;aomfjim;vnf; bk&m;ocifraysmuf
apaMumif; awGUBuKHcJh&onf/ zdvdydtoif;awmfodkY a&;om;pmwGifvnf; xkdtoif;awmfokdY apvTwfcJh&
aom {yjzm'dwfonf tvGefemaeaMumif; wrefawmfaygvktaejzifh rnfokdYrS rwwfEdkifaMumif;udk
azmfjyxm;onf/ Phil 2:25-30
xkdtjyifwrefawmfaygvkESifhtwl c&D;oGm;vmaeaom wa&mzdrfonf tvGefzsm;emvQuf
&SdaMumif; azmfjyxm;onf/ 2 Tim 4:20wdarmao\ Adkufemjcif;a0'emtwGufvnf; ukoay;Ek dif jcif;r&S dbJ aq;tnTef;om
ay;cJhaMumif; awGU&onf/
I Tim 5 : 23tu,f erdwfvuPmESifh tema&m*gNidrf;jcif;wdkY\ tcsdefumvukefqkH;cJhjcif;
r&Sdygu wrefawmfaygvkonf rdrdudk,fay: cHpm;&aom a&m*grsm;udk aysmufuif;aprnfjzpfonf
omru ol\ vkyfaqmifzufrsm;udkvnf; tema&m*grsm;rS raysmufuif;apbJaernfr[kwfyg/
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tcef;(6)tcef;(6)tcef;(6)tcef;(6)tcef;(6)
zefqif;aom&ufESif hzefqif;aom&ufESif hzefqif;aom&ufESif hzefqif;aom&ufESif hzefqif;aom&ufESi fh Gap Theory
bk&m;ocifonf t&mcyfodrf;udk zefqif;jcif;trIjyK&mwGif 6&uftwGif; zefqif;onf[laom
usrf;pm oGefoifcsufudk Ijrifaeaom tjriftrsKd;rsKd;&Sdaeygonf/
Gap TheoryvufcHolrsm;\tjrifvufcHolrsm;\tjrifvufcHolrsm;\tjrifvufcHolrsm;\tjrifvufcHolrsm;\tjrif
Gap theoryqkdonfrSm u ? 1;1 ESifh 1;2 Mum;wGif ESpfaygif;oef;ESifhcsD MumcJhonf[laom
cH,lcsufjzpfonf/ u? 1; 1 t& bk&m;ocifonf t&mcyfodrf;udk jynfhpkHpGm zefqif;xm;NyD;onfhaemuf
u? 1;2 ra&mufrSD pmwefrm&fewf\ usIH;jcif;ESifh twlrm&fewf\ zsufqD;rIaMumifh ajrBuD;onf
vGwfvyfv[mjzpfcJhonf[kqkd\/ ormusrf;pmwGifyg&Sdaom zefqif;jcif;taMumif;t&monf
'kwd,tBudrf jyefvnfzefqif;jcif;onf[k qkd\/ tqkdt&zefqif;jcif;w&ufudk (24) em&Dygaom
wpf&ufudk ajymjcif;r[kwfbJ ESpfoef;ESifhcsDMumaom tcsdefumvtykdif;tjcm;udk qkdvkdjcif;jzpfonf[k
,lqMuonf/
tqdkonf vkH;0rjzpfEkdifatmiftm;enf;csufrsm;pGm&Sdaom tqdkjzpf\
1/ a[NAJbmompum;t& &ufwpf&ufukd(Yom)[laom a0g[m&jzifh ac:qkdonf zefqif;jcif;
taMumif;t&mudk a&;om;;aom bk&m;ocifonf urmOD;usrf;wGifYom[laom pum;udk wajy;nD
okH;xm;aMumif; awGU&onf/ xkd Yom[laom pvkH;udk wajy;nDokH;xm;aMumif; awGU&onf/ xkd
Yom[laom pvkH;onf (24) e&Dyg&ufpwpf&udukd qkdvdkjcif;jzpfonf ormusrf;pmwGif (24)
em&Dygaom &ufwpf&uf taMumif;udk a&;om;xm;aom tBudrf (61)Budrf&SdonfhtxJwGifYom\
t"dyg,fonfajymif;vJjcif;r&Sdyg/ xkdaMumifh zefqif;jcif;wpf&ufudk ESpfoef;ESifhcsD Mumonf[k
qdkjcif;onf vkH;0rSefuefrIr&Sdyg/
2/ Gap theoryt& urm 1 ESifh 2 Mum;ESpfoef;ESifhcsD MumNyD;? 'dkifEkdaqmrsm; aoaMuysufpD;cJhMujcif;
jzpfaMumif;qkdxm;aomfvnf; ormusrf;pmESifh EIdif;,SOfMunfhvQif vkH;0udkufnDrIr&Sdyg/ aojcif;w&m;
onf tjypfw&m;0ifvmNyD;onfhaemufomvQifjzpfay:vmjcif;jzpf&m yxrqkH;aom vlom; tm'Hyifr&Sdcif tjypfwnf;[laom t&mvkH;0r&Sdcif aojcif;w&m;&SdcJhonf[kqkdjcif;onfvkH;0rrSefuefEkdifyg/
3/ Gap thory Carbon dating(umAGefj'yfrS &ufwGufcsufowfrSwfjcif;) wGif rsm;pGm tajccHaomf
vnf; Carbon datingonf tpOfwajy;nDr[kwfbJ ajymif;vJvQuf&SdaeaMumif; ,ck owfrSwfxm;
aom &ufESifh aemufowfrSwfaom&ufonf rwlnDwufaMumif; wkdYukdawGU&Sd&onf/ xkdYaMumifh
Carbon atingonf rSefuefaom wGufcsufrIESifhGap theorytqkdonfvnf; rSefuefrI&Sdrnf r[kwfyg/
4/ Gap theory\ tqkdt& 'G' wcgjynfhpkHpGm zefqif;xm;NyD;aomt&mudk pmwefrmefewftaejzifh
tvG,fwul zsufpD;ay;vkdufNyD; 'G' udk,fwkdif wzefjyef zefqif;&onf[laom xifjrif,lqcsufonf vkH;0rjzpfEkdifyg/ pmwefrmefewfonf zefqif;cH&aomolomjpzfNyD; 'G' xuf tpGrf;BuD;aom
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olvnf; r[kwfyg/
bk&m;ocif\ zefqif;jcif ;onf vl\ tESpfbk&m;ocif\ zefqif;jcif;onf vl\ tESpfbk&m;ocif\ zefqif;jcif ;onf vl\ tESpfbk&m;ocif\ zefqif;jcif;onf vl\ tESpfbk&m;ocif\ zefqif;jcif ;onf vl\ tESpf 1000jzp fonf[laomtqdkjzpfonf[laomtqd kjzp fonf[laomtqdkjzpfonf[laomtqd kjzpfonf[laomtqd k
2ay 3;8 wGif'G'\ w&ufonf vlom; tESpf1000jzpfonf[k qkdxm;aomaMumifh zefqif;xm;aom t&monf vlom;twGUf tESpf1000Mum zefqif;xm;aomt&mzjpfonf[k tcsdKUaom
olwdkY cH,lMuonf/ cH,lcsuft&qdkvQif tm'Htouf 930jynfhaomtcg aocJhjcif;aMumifh 'G'
\ w&ufrjynfhrDS aocJhNyD[kqkd&ayrnf/ xkdokdYqdk&vQif'G' yifvQif zefqif;jcif;trINyD;onhaemuf
tem;r,lrSD tm'Hjyefvnf aocJhjcif;om jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ xkdYaMumifh tqkdonfvkH;0rSefuefrIr&Sdyg/
bk&m;ocif\ zefqif; jcif;w&ufonf uREk fyfwkd Y\bk&m;ocif\ zefqif; jcif;w&ufonf uREkfyfwk dY\bk&m;ocif\ zefqif; jcif;w&ufonf uREk fyfwkd Y\bk&m;ocif\ zefqif; jcif;w&ufonf uREkfyfwk dY\bk&m;ocif\ zefqif;jcif;w&ufonf uREkfy fwk dY\ (24)em&Dygaom &ufudk qkdjcif;jzpfonfem&Dygaom &ufudk qkdjcif;jzpfonfem&Dygaom &ufudk qkdjcif;jzpfonfem&Dygaom &ufudk qkdjcif;jzpfonfem&Dygaom &ufudk qkdjcif;jzpfonf
[k aomtqdk[k aomtqd k[k aomtqdk[k aomtqd k[k aomtqdk
tqdkonfomvQif trSefuefqkH;jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ (Yom)[laom pum;vkH;t"dyg,ft&aomf
if; 'G' onf (6) &uftvkyfvkyf (7) &ufwGif tem;,louJhodkY uREkfyfwdkYtm;vnf; xkdodkYvkyfaqmif
apjcif;udk axmufIaomtm;jzifh tqkdonfomvQif rSefuefrI&Sdonf[k qdkEkdifonf/
txufygtaMumif;t&mrsm;udk Munfhjcif;tm;jzifh ormusrf;pmudk qefYusifvdkaomol tay;
t,l vkyf zsufpD;vkdaomolrsm; rnfodkYyif BudK;pm;apumrl ormusrf;pmu azmfjyxm;aomt&mudk
vkH;0rvGefqefEkdifyg/ xkYdtjyif ormusrf;pmrSvJG rnfol\ okawoeawGU&Sdcsufrsm;ESifhaomfif;
t&mcyfodrf;\ jzpfay:wnf&SdaerItaMumif;udk &Sif;vif;wduspGm azmfjyxm;EkdifrIrS&dSyg/
tcef;(8)tcef;(8)tcef;(8)tcef;(8)tcef;(8)
zefqif;jcif ;E Si fhqk di faomjyemzefqif;jcif;E Si fhqk di faomjyemzefqif;jcif ;E Si fhqk di faomjyemzefqif;jcif;E Si fhqk di faomjyemzefqif ;jcif ;E Si fhqk di faomjyem
urmay:wGif vuf&Sd ouf&Sdxif&Sm;aeaom t&mrsm;ESifhywfouf jiif;ckHaeMuaom tkyfpkrsm;
onfEvolutionistqifhuJjzpfpOfudk vufcHaomolrsm; tkyfpkESifh'G' &JU zefqif;jcif;udk vufcHaomtkyfpk
wdkYjzpfonf/
EvolutionistwdkY\cH,lcsufwdkY\cH,lcsufwdkY\cH,lcsufwdkY\cH,lcsufwdkY\cH,lcsuf
vlow0gouf&Sdxif&Sm;aom t&mrsm;onf ao;i,faom trIefYrSpwifonf[k cH,lonf/
xdkao;i,faomtrIefrS tyifaygufuav;tjzpfodkYif;? tyifb0rS ig;tjzpfodkYif; ig;b0rS
iSuftjzpf if; b0rS ajcESpfacsmif;&Sdaom ow0gtjzpfodkYif;? ajcESpfacsmif;ow0grS arsmuftjzpfodkY
if; arsmufb0rS vljzpfvmonf[lif; cH,lxm;onf/
odkY jzpfvmEkdif&ef jzpfpOfwpfckrS wpfckonf ESpfoef;ESifhcsD Mumonf[k cH,lonf/cH,lcsufonf bk&m;&Sdjcif;udk jiif;qefNyD; t&mcyfodrf;udk obm0w&m;tm;jzifh ajz&Sif;vkd
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aomolrsm;\ cH,lcsufjzpfonf/
tm;enf;csufrsm;tm;enf;csufr sm;tm;enf;csufrsm;tm;enf;csufr sm;tm;enf;csufrsm;
1/ ,aeYodyHavmuwGifyifvQif tm;vkH;wnDwnf;rSefonf[l cH,lxm;aom cH,lcsufr[kwfyg/2/ qifhuJjzpfpOfrSefuefrI&SdvQif t&mcyfodrf;\ jzpfay:wnf&SdaerIudkvnf; jkzpfpOfcH,lcsuf
tm;jzifh ajz&Sif;rIay;Ekdif&rnf/ odkYaomf xkdodkYvkyfaqmifEkdifjcif;r&Sdyg/
3/ qifhuJjzpfpOfwpfckrS wpfckMum;umvwGif rnfolurQ ESpfoef;ESifhcsD apmifhMunfhEkdifjcif;r&Sd
aom aMumifh rSefonf[koufaorjyEkdifyg/ xkdYtjyif xdkjzpfpOfwpfckrS wpfckodkY ajymif;vJ&rnfh
ow0grsm;onfvnf; ESpfoef;ESifhcsD touf&SifEkdifjcif;r&Sdyg/
4/ tu,f jzpfpOfonf rSefuefrI&Sdaeygu ,aeYvnf; vufawGU&Sdae&OD;rnfjzpfonf/ Oyrm
arsmuf wydkif;vlwydkif;jzpfaejcif; tp&SdonfwdkY &Sdae&rnf/
5/ qufvufvnf; vl jzp f jci f ;r S rnfonf ht&mquf jzp fonf[lvnf;
azmfjyEdkif&rnfjzpfonf/
6/ jzpfpOftm;jzifh vl vuf&Sd? &Sdaeaom eH0nmOfonf b,fuvmonfudk vufawGUrajz
&Sif;Edkifyg/ MatterrSNon-MatterodkY rnfonfhtcgrQ ul;ajymif;oGm;jcif;r&SdEkdifonfudk cH,lxm;
onfhtwkdif; xdkeH0dnmOfonf rnfonfht&mrS vmonfudk vufawGUjyEkdifjcif;r&Sdyg/
zefqif ;jcif ;udk vufcHaomolrsm;\ cH,lcsufzefqif;jcif;udk vufcHaomolrsm;\ cH,lcsufzefqif ;jcif ;udk vufcHaomolrsm;\ cH,lcsufzefqif;jcif;udk vufcHaomolrsm;\ cH,lcsufzefqif;jcif ;udk vufcHaomolrsm;\ cH,lcsuf
cH,lcsuf&Sdaomolrsm;onf tptOD; 'G'wnf&SdaeNyD; xkdbk&m;ocifonf t&mcyfodrf;udk
zefqif;xm;onf[laom urmOD;usrf;\ oGefoifrIudk t
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3/ 'G'\ mPfynmonf xl;qef;eufIdif;aomaMumifh ol\ vufrSjzpfay:vmaom t&mrsm;
onfvnf; xl;qef; eufIdif;aejcif;jzpfonf/
&Sif;vif;csuf - Oyrm - vl&JU oufwmb,frSmckdatmif;aeovJ? tcsKyftjcm;b,frSmvJ?
rodEkdifyg/ taMumif;rSm toufxGufoGm;whJvrf;u trsm;BuD;&Sdw,f'gu bk&m;&JU eufIdif;aommPfynmjzpfaomaMumifh vlu pOf;pm;Ekdifbl;/
zefqif ;jcif ;udk vufcHaom olrsm;tzdk Y c H,lxdkufaomoifcef;pmzefqif ;jcif ;udk vufcHaom olrsm;tzd kY cH,lxd kufaomoifcef ;pmzefqif ;jcif ;udk vufcHaom olrsm;tzdk Y c H,lxdkufaomoifcef;pmzefqif ;jcif ;udk vufcHaom olrsm;tzd kY cH,lxd kufaomoifcef ;pmzefqif;jcif ;ud k vufcHaom olrsm;tzd kY cH,lxd kufaomoifcef;pm
1/ bk&m;onf rdrdtm; zefqif;aomol jzpfonf[k vufcH,kHMunfaomolrsm;udk zefqif;&Siftm;
tjypfwifawmfvSef&ef taMumif;r&Sdyg/ urmpBuF0Vm t&mcyfodrf;udk zefqif;onftvGefyif tvkyf
rsm;aom bk&m;ocifonf rdrdtm; avmu tav;xm;aom pnf;pdrfudkcHpm;Ekdifaom vlom;tjzpf
zefqif;onfudk owd,vsuf aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;zdkY&ef jzpfonf/ rdrdcHpm;&aom aumif;BuD;onf
olwpfyg;ESifh wlrnfr[kwfaomfvnf; rdrdtwGuf vkHavmufaom aumif;BuD;udk ay;xm;jcif;jzpf
onfudk owd&vQuf aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;oifhygonf/ qmvH 50;23
2/ tu,f uREkfyfwdkYonf qifhuJjzpfpOft& jzpfcJhygu uREkfyfwdkY\ rsKd;kd;nf ra&&maom
tajctjrpfrS pwifcJhonf[k ,lq&rnfjzpfonfomru vlb0woufomonfvnf; arQmfvifhjcif;
uif;rJhaom t"dyg,fuif;rJhaom toufwmyifjzpfayonf/
3/ tdk;xdef;orm;onf tdk;ajrudk ydkifouJhokdY uREkfyfwdkYtm;ydkifqkdifolonf zefqif;xmaom t&Sif
bk&m;ocifomjzpfonf/ zefqif;cH&aom uREkfyfwdkY\ wm0efonf zefqif;xm;ol\ *kPftoa&udk
xif&Sm;aomol? zefqif;xm;ol\ &nf&G,fcsufaygufajrmufatmifjrifap&ef touf&Sif&rnfhol
jzpfonf/ rdrd tvdkqE rdrd\ oabmtvkH;pkHudk z,f&Sm;NyD; zefqif;&Sifbk&m;\ tvdkqEtvkH;pkH
jynfh0ap&efvkdufavQmufvkyfaqmif&rnfhwm0ef&Sdonf/ 1 aum? 10 ; 30 xdkodkY vkyfaqmifEkdif&efvnf;
oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf vkyfaqmifEkdifrnfh cGeftm;? tpGrf;? owdudkif; vkyfaqmifEkdifvdkaom
pdwfapwemudkif; jzpfay:apvsuf&Sdygonf/ zd 2;13
tcef;(9)
tb,faMumif h ,k HMunfolrsm; 'kuqif ;& J? a0'emESif h &i fqdkif&ygoenf;/tb,faMumif h ,k HMunfolrsm; 'kuqif;&J? a0'emESif h &i fqdkif&ygoenf;/tb,faMumif h ,k HMunfolrsm; 'kuqif ;& J? a0'emESif h &i fqdkif&ygoenf;/tb,faMumif h ,k HMunfolrsm; 'kuqif;&J? a0'emESif h &i fqdkif&ygoenf;/tb,faMumif h ,k HMunfolrsm; ' kuqif;& J? a0'emESif h &i fqdkif&ygoenf;/
r,kHMunfolrsm;wGif aumif;aomolrsm;onf tb,faMumifh raumif;rIrsm;ESifh &ifqkdifae&
oenf;[laom ar;c Gef;&SdouJhodkY ,kHMunfolrsm;wGifvnf; tb,faMumifh ,kHMunfolrsm;
'kuqif;&Ja0'emrsm;ESifh &ifqkdif&ygoenf;[laom ar;cGef;vnf;&Sdaeygonf/ ,aeYavmuudk
Munfhaomtcg aumif;aom olrsm;onf obm0ab;'Pfrsm;aMumifh aoaMuysufpD;&jcif;? ppfab;
'kuonfrsm;jzpfae&jcif;? qif;&JrGJawGrIrsm;jzpfaejcif;? vlrr,fav;rsm; aoqkH;jcif;? udk,fvuft*FgcsdKUwJh NyD; arG;zGm;vmjcif; tarQmfvifhbJ kwfw&ufaoaMuysufpD;&jcif; a&m*ga0'emrsm;\
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zdpD;rI'Pfudk tp&SdonfwdkYudk awGUBuKHae&onf/
,kHMunfolrsm;wGifvnf; qkawmif;aeygvQufESifh 'G'ESifh twlavQmufvSrf;aeygvQufESifh
tcsdKUcsdKUaom 'kua0'emrsm;udk &ifqdkifae&jcif;? ysufpD;qkH;IH;rIrsm;ESifh awGUBuKHae&jcif;wdkYonf &Sdaeyg
onf/ tcsdKUolrsmonf ,kHMunfaeygvQufESifh uhJodkY awGUBuKHvm&aomtcg tajz&Smr&jzpfum,kHMunfjcif;w&m;rS aoGz,foGm;aomolrsm;yif&SdMuygonf/ uJhokdYaom jyemtcufrsm;tMum;
tajzxkwfEkdif&ef ormw&m;\ oabmudk em;vnf&efvdkygonf/
tb,fhaMumifh bk&m;ocifBudKwifrwm;jrpfcJh&oenf;/tb,fhaMumi fh bk&m;ocifBudKwifrwm;jrp fc Jh&oenf;/tb,fhaMumifh bk&m;ocifBudKwifrwm;jrpfcJh&oenf;/tb,fhaMumi fh bk&m;ocifBudKwifrwm;jrp fc Jh&oenf;/tb,fhaMumifh bk&m;ocifBudKwifrwm;jrpfcJ h&oenf;/
'kua0'emrsm;\ Zpfjrpfudk azmfrnfqdkvQif urm 3 wGif tajzawGU&rnfjzpfonf/
wa,mufaomol [laom tm'Htm;jzifh tjypfw&m;onfw&m;onf avmuodkY 0ifonfESifhtnD
tjypfwm;tm;jzifh aojcif;w&m;0ifvmNyD; vltaygif;wkdYonf tjypf&SdaomaMumifh aojcif;odkY
a&muf&\[k usrf;pmu qdkygonf/ a&mr 5;12 xdkYtjyiftjcm;aom 'kua0'emrsKd;pkHESifh raumif;rI
'kpkduftvkH;pkHonf bk&m;\ pum;udk em;raxmifaom tm'HESifh{0\ tjypfrS pwifaMumif;
awGU&onf/ urm 2;16-17 urm 3/
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