Chapter 5
ANSYS 命令 : 基礎與觀念Fundamentals and Concepts
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Contents5.1 ANSYS 命令分類
Classification of ANSYS Commands
5.2 準備工作Set Up Commands
5.3 ANSYS 數學式ANSYS Expressions
5.4 座標系統 Coordinate Systems
5.5 模型的元件及選擇 Model Entities and Selections
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第 5.1 節
ANSYS 命令分類Classification of ANSYS Commands
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5.1.1 ANSYS 程序結構... ! Set up ... ! Define parameters
/PREP7 ! Enter preprocessor ... ! Build solid model ... ! Define attribute tables ... ! Generate mesh FINISH ! Back to begin level
/SOLU ! Enter solver ... ! Specify loads ... ! Specify solution options ... ! Solve the model FINISH ! Back to begin level
/POST1 ! Enter general postprocessor ... ! Read a set of results ... ! Plot or print results FINISH ! Back to begin level
/POST26 ! Enter time history postprocessor ... ! Store solution in variables ... ! Plot or print variables
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5.1.2 ANSYS 命令分類
Set Up
Enter/Leave a Module
Parameters and Expressions
Coordinate Systems
Entities Selections
Components
PreprocessingSolid Modeling
Keypoints
Lines
Areas
Volumes
Primitives
Booleans
Element AttributesET Table
MP Table
R Table
CS Table
Attributes Assignment
Mesh GenerationNodes
Elements
Mesh Size/Shape
Auto-Meshing
SolutionLoads
Loads on Analysis Model
Loads on Solid Model
Initial Conditions
Solution Options
Solve
General PostprocessingBasic Commands
Element Tables
Path Operations
Graphics Controls
Time-History Postprocessing
Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7
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第 5.2 節
準備工作Set Up Commands
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5.2.1 ANSYS 資料庫與檔案結構
Model
Loads
Result
Jobname.DB
Result at t1
Result at t2
etc.
Jobname.RST
Model
Loads
Result
Database
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5.2.2 Set Up 命令01
02
03
04
05
06
07
FINISH
/CLEAR
/TITLE, Title
/FILNAME, Fname
/SHOW, Fname, Ext
RESUME, Fname, Ext, Dir
SAVE, Fname, Ext, Dir
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5.2.3 進入與離開模組
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
/PREP7
/SOLU
/POST1
/POST26
/OPT
FINISH
/EXIT
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第 5.3 節
ANSYS 數學式ANSYS Expressions
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5.3.1 ANSYS 數學式01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
X=A+B
P=(R2+R1)/2
D=-B+(E**2)-(4*A*C)
XYZ=(A<B)+Y**2
INC=A1+(31.4/9)
M=((X2-X1)**2-(Y2-Y1)**2)/2
PI=ACOS(-1)
Z3=COS(2*THETA)-Z1**2
R2=SQRT(ABS(R1-3))
X=RAND(-24,R2)
*AFUN,DEG
THETA=ATAN(SQRT(3))
PHI=ATAN2(-SQRT(3),-1)
*AFUN,RAD
X249=NX(249)
SLOPE=(KY(2)-KY(1))/(KX(2)-KX(1))
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5.3.2 參數名稱• Grammatically similar FORTRAN variable
names.• The first 8 letters are significant.• Example of legal names are: ABC, PI,
X_OR_Y.• Examples of illegal names are:
NEW_VALUE, 2CF3, M&E.
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5.3.3 ANSYS 運算符號Operator Description
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
** Exponentiation
< Less-than
> Greater-than
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5.3.4 ANSYS 數學函數(FORTRAN-Like Functions)
ABS(X) SQRT(X) SIN(X) TANH(X)
SIGN(X,Y) NINT(X) COS(X) ASIN(X)
EXP(X) MOD(X,Y) TAN(X) ACOS(X)
LOG(X) RAND(X,Y) SINH(X) ATAN(X)
LOG10(X) GDIS(X,Y) COSH(X) ATAN2(Y,X)
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5.3.5 ANSYS “GET” Functions
Coordinate ID Number DOF Results
NX(N) NODE(X,Y,Z)
UX(N) TEMP(N) ENDS(N)
NY(N) KP(X,Y,Z) UY(N) PRES(N) VOLT(N)
NZ(N) UZ(N) VX(N) MAG(N)
KX(N) ROTX(N) VY(N) AX(N)
KY(N) ROTY(N) VZ(N) AY(N)
KZ(N) ROTZ(N) ENKE(N) AZ(N)
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第 5.4 節
座標系統Coordinate Systems
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5.4.1 為什麼需要座標系統 ?
• When construct a model, you need a CS to refer to.
• For various purpose, more than one CS’s are preferable.
• In ANSYS, CS’s are stored in a CS table.
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5.4.2 Global Coordinate Systems (Predefined CS)
(0) Cartesian (X,Y,Z) (1) Cylindrical (R,q,Z) (2) Spherical (R,q,f) (5) Cylindrical (R,q,Y)
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5.4.3 Local Coordinate System (User-defined CS)
To defined a local CS, you need to specify
• The CS type (e.g., Cartesian)
• Position of origin in global CS
• Directions of the 3 axes
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5.4.4 CS TableID Description
0 Global Cartesian (X,Y,Z)
1 Global Cylindrical (R,,Z)
2 Global Spherical (R,,)
3 (Reserved)
4 Working Plane
5 Global Cylindrical (R,,Y)
6-10 (Reserved)
11 User Defined Local CS
12 User Defined Local CS
… …
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5.4.5 Working Plane
• WP is a predefined CS (no. 4) which is always coincident with the Active CS.
• Many commands are available to manipulate the WP.
• WP can be used as dynamic Local CS.• Primitives are created referring to WP.
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5.4.6 Use of CS’s
• Active CS
• Element CS
• Nodal CS
• Result CS
• Display CS
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5.4.7 CS Table 命令01
02
03
04
LOCAL, KCN, KCS, XC, YC, ZC, THXY, THYZ, THZX
CLOCAL, KCN, KCS, XL, YL, ZL, THXY, THYZ, THZX
CSWPLA, KCN, KCS
CSLIST
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5.4.8 指定座標系統01
02
03
04
05
CSYS, KCN
DSYS, KCN
ESYS, KCN
RSYS, KCN
NROTAT, NODE1, NODE2, NINC
(a) Parallel to global cartesian CS (Default)
(b) Parallel to a local cylindrical CS
(c) Parallel to global cylindrical CS
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5.4.9 Working Plane 命令01
02
03
04
WPCSYS,, KCN
WPOFFS, XOFF, YOFF, ZOFF
WPROTA, THXY, THYZ, THZX
WPLANE,, X, Y, Z, XA, YA, ZA, XP, YP, ZP
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第 5.5 節
模型的元件及選擇Model Entities and Selections
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5.5.1 Model Entities
• Entities to construct a solid model consist of keypoints, lines, areas, and volumes.
• Entities to construct an analysis model consist of nodes and elements.
• The hierarchical relations (from bottom to top) are: keypoints-lines-areas-volumes-nodes-elements.
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5.5.2 Selection of Entities (1/3)
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
NSEL, S, LOC, X, 0
D, ALL, ALL, 0
...
NSEL, ALL
F, N1, FY, -P/2
...
SOLVE
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5.5.2 Selection of Entities (2/3)
NSEL,, LOC, X, 0
NSEL,, LOC, Y, -5, 5
NSEL,, NODE, 1, 100
NSEL, ALL
NLIST, 1, 100
NLIST, ALL
選出 X = 0 的所有節點選出 Y 座標在 -5 至 5 之間的所有節點選出 1 至 100 號的所有節點選出所有定義過的節點以文字列印出 1 至 100 號節點的資料以文字列印出所有節點的資料
NSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC
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5.5.2 Selection of Entities (3/3)
Type Description
S Select a new set (default)
R Reselect a set from the current set
A Select a set and add to the current set
U Unselect a set from the current set
ALL Restore the full set
NONE Clear the current set
INVE Invert the current set; selected becomes unselected and vice versa
STAT Display the current selection status
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5.3.3 Entities Selection Commands01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
NSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC
NSLE, Type
NSLK, Type
NSLL, Type, NKEY
NSLA, Type, NKEY
NSLV, Type, NKEY
ESEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC
ESLN, Type, EKEY
ESLL, Type
ESLA, Type
ESLV, Type
KSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN,VMAX, VINC
KSLN, Type
KSLL, Type
LSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC
LSLK, Type, LSKEY
LSLA, Type
ASEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC
ASLL, Type, ARKEY
ASLV, Type
VSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC
VSLA, Type, VLKEY
DOFSEL, Type, Dof1, Dof2, ..., Dof6
ALLSEL
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5.5.4 Components
01
02
03
04
CM, Cname, Entity
CMGRP, Aname, Cname1, Cname2, ..., Cname8
CMSEL, Type, Name
CMLIST, Name