Download - CITRA KOTA
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THE IMAGE OF THE CITYPerception – City Attributes – Geo Tagging
Firman Afrianto - 2015
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CHAPTER ONEWhat are in Kevin Lynch’s mind
ABOUT KEVIN A. LYNCH (1918-1984) Born in the 20th century. Educated at the Yale university,
Rensseleaer Polytechnic Institute and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Gained professorship in MIT in the year 1963.
Eventually earned professor emeritus status from same.
Consulted to the state of Rhode island, new England medical Centre, Boston redevelopment authority, Puerto Rico industrial development corp., MIT planning office, and other organizations.
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CITY AS A TEMPORAL ART IN
VAST SCALE Like a piece of architecture, the
city is a construction in space, but one of vast scale, a thing
perceived only in the course of long spans of time.
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LEGIBILITYIt mean the ease with which its
parts can be recognized and can be organized into a coherent
pattern/Just as this printed page, if it is legible, can be visually
grasped as a related pattern of recognizable symbols.
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IMAGEABILITY Another term introduced by Lynch,
is the quality of physical object, which gives a observer a strong vivid
image.
High imageable city would be well formed, would contain distinct
paths.
They should be instantly
recognizable.
Well formed city is highly dependent
upon the elements because, that
would make the viewers their city
imageable.
Remembering your city on images is
meaningful.
Increasing human ability to see and
remember patterns, make city
easier to learn
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MENTAL MAPPINGA person's perception of the world is known as a mental
map.
A mental map is an individual's own map of their known world.
Mental maps of individuals can be
investigated .
By asking for directions to a
landmark or other location.
By asking someone to draw a sketch
map of an area or describe that area
By asking a person to name as many
places as possible in a short period of
time.
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FIVE ELEMENTS
PATHS : Channels by which people move along. Eg: roads, sidewalks, rails, etcEDGES : Dividing lines between 2 phases. Eg: seashores, railway lines, etc.
DISTRICTS : Are medium to large sections of the city, characterized by a wealthy neighborhood. Eg: suburbs,
college, etc. LANDMARKS : Point of reference. it makes one orient
oneself. E.g: signs, buildings, stores, etc. NODES : Area of strategic spots where extra focus is given.
E.g: busy intersection, popular city center, etc.
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CHAPTER TWOUnderstanding five elements
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Why paths are
important elements in the city image?
Concentration of uses
Containing
significant buildings
and facades
Paths are the most important
elements in people’s images
Other elements
are arranged and along
them.
Unclear paths =
unclear city image
PATH
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Edges are linear elements that
form boundaries
between areas or linear breaks
in continuity (e.g. shores, railway cuts,
walls).
Natural edges,
Manmade edges
The strongest edges are
continuous in form, and
often impenetrable
to cross movement.
Difference between path
and edge, Paths Direct the motion to specific
direction , Edges Prevent
motion in specific direction
EDGES
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Districts: are the medium to large parts of the city which share the
same characteristics Style - spatial
form, topography-
colors- texture, urban fabric.
Districts : Districts may have Clear
edges, or soft uncertain
ones gradually fading away
into surrounding
areas.
DISTRICT
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Strategic
points in the city
the user can enter it
be directed to many
destinations
it can be gathering places or
intersection of paths, or places for activities
NODE
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A physical element with UNIQUE AND
SPECIAL visual features that has a "point-
specific” location, and
can be identified from the distance
Singularity: “one in the
context”
Clarity of
general form
LANDMARK
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None of lynch’s elements exits in isolation : all combine to provide the overall image
Districts are structures with nodes
Edges define Districts
Paths introduction to Districts
Nodes sprinkled by landmarks
Nodes emphasizes
the connection between paths
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What creates unclear urban Image ?
Unclear
urban imag
es
Discontinuous and unclear paths
Weak Edges
Lacks of character
“No identity”
“No iconic elements
or landmarks
Branching in
connections
branching Nodes
No distinctive districts
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CHAPTER THREEConclusion
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THEE WORKABLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMAGES REQUIRED THREE ATTRIBUTES
1. Identity : an object’s
distinction from other
things
2. Structure : the object’s
spatial relation to the
observer and other objects
3. Meaning : the object’s meaning for the observer
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WHAT PURPOSES DOES IT SERVE?
Preventing feeling “lost”
Helping make the city feel like
“home”
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CHAPTER FOURThe New Era of Recognizing The Image of The City
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THE INTERNET ERA
Photosharing websites like
Instagram, Flickr, and Panoramio have
amassed about 4 billion geo-tagged
images, with over 2 million new images uploaded every day by users manually.
These images contain a huge
amount of information about
the cities, which are not only used for
landmark detection and reconstruction, but are also used to monitor ecological phenomena and human activity
occurring in the city
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THE INTERNET ERA
City
At
tribu
tes
Green Space
Water Coverage
Transportation
Architecture
Vertical Building
Social Activity
Athlethic Activity
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MENTAL MAPPING THROUGH GEO TAGGING
YELLOW dots are locals, CYAN dots tourists, and BLUE dots are those who Fischer couldn't determine
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THE END