Download - Dr Amirah Zainab Binti Mamat @Muhammad
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8/9/2019 Dr Amirah Zainab Binti Mamat @Muhammad
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Dr amirah zainab binti mamat @muhammad
111303208
manipal melaka medical college
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Side effects of labetalol
Excessie tiredness! difficult"
sleeping Diminished sexual function
#rthostatic h"potension $ due to
alpha receptor blockade%
&"perkalemia
&epatotoxicit"
'espirator" distrsss $ rare%
(ingling sclap or skin
Dizziness
)ightheadness *pset stomach
Stuff" nose
+atigue
,ndication labetalol$ beta blocker%
(x pih ass preeclampsia
(x chronic and acute
h"pertension of
pheochromoc"toma
&"pertensie crisis
contraindications
-sthma
.ongestie heart failure
-n" degree of heart block
/rad"cardia
&"potension
.ardiogenic shock
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'isk factors of placenta praiea
reious placenta preia$recurrence rate 8%!456
caesarean delier"!476
m"omectom"46
endometrium damage caused b"
D9.:456
-lcohol use during pregnanc":486
;omen 64106
;omen
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;hat is cerical cancer
.erical cancer starts in the cells
lining the cerix the lo
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(ranformation zone
(his d"splasia increases the risk of
cancer forming in the transformation
zone!
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.ontents of mirena
(he intrauterine deice $,*D%
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-dantages
,s one of the most effectie forms of
reersible birth control426
,t can be used while breastfeeding486
o preparations needed before sex to
ensure it
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Efectiveness
-fter insertion Cirena is effectie for 5 "ears:
Sk"la is effectie for 3 "ears:
(he hormonal ,*D is considered to be alongacting reersible contraceptie! among the most effectie
forms of birth control:
(he first "ear failure rate for the hormonal ,*D is 0:2 and the
fie "ear failure rate is 0::
(hese rates are comparable to tubal sterilization! but the effects
of the hormonal ,*D are reersible:
(he hormonal ,*D is considered to be more effectie than
other common forms of reersible contraception! such as the
birth control pill! because it reBuires little to no action b" the
user after insertion:
(he effectieness of other forms of birth control is mitigated b" the users
themseles: ,f medication regimens for contraception are not follo
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Adverse efects
Ovarian Cysts Enlarged follicles
$oarian c"sts% hae been
diagnosed in about 12 of the
subFects using a hormonal ,*D:
Cost of these follicles are
asymptomatic! although some
ma" be accompanied by pelvic
pain or dyspareunia: ,n most
cases the enlargedfollicles
disappear spontaneously after
two to three months. Surgical
intervention is not usually
required:
Cental health changes including
nerousness! depressed mood!
mood s
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A lost coil occurs when
the thread cannot !e felt !y
a woman on routine
chec"ing and is not seen onspeculum
examination.?arious thread
collector deices or simple
forceps ma" then be used totr" to grasp the deice
through the cerix:
,n the rare cases
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,rregular menstrual pattern irregular
bleeding and spotting is common in the
first ! to " monthsof use: -fter that
time periods become shorter and lighter!
and 20 of
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Perforation ?er" rarel"! the ,*D
can be pushed through the
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.ontraindications
- hormonal ,*D should not be used
b"
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reeclampsia
reeclampsia is a disorder of pregnanc"
characterized b" high blood pressureand
large amounts ofprotein in the urine:
thromboc"topenia %
impaired lier function!
the deelopment of ne< kidne"
d"sfunction!
fluid accumulation in the lungs $
pulmonar"edema%!
andHor ne
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Diagnostic criteria
reeclampsia is diagnosed
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'isk factors
ulliparit"$neer gien birth%
Diabetes mellitus
'enal disease
.hronic h"pertension
rior histor" of preeclampsia
+amil" histor" of
preeclampsia
-danced maternal age $L35
"ears%
#besit"
-ntiphospholipid
antibod" s"ndrome
Cultiple gestation
Differential diagnosis
chronic h"pertension
chronic renal disease
primar" seizure disorders
gallbladder
pancreatic disease
immune or
thrombotic thromboc"topenic
purpura
antiphospholipids"ndrome
hemol"ticuremic s"ndrome:
preexisting disease such as
h"pertension acute fatt" lier ofpregnanc"ma"
also present
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.omplication
Eclampsia;arning s"mptoms for
eclampsia in an indiidual
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+efinition8 9elationship of presenting part to
maternal pelvis8 and !ased on presentation
Cephalic presentation-5erte$
presentation with longitudinal lie6
)eft occipitoanterior $)#-%Mthe occiputis close
to the agina $hence kno
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*reech presentationwith
longitudinal lie
)eft sacrumanterior $)S-%Mthe
!uttoc"s- as against the occiput of
the vertex presentation- li"e closeto the vagina (hence "nown as
!reech presentation)- which li"e
anteriorly and towards the left:
'ight sacrum anterior $'S-%Mthe
!uttoc"s face anteriorly and
towards the right. )eft sacrum posterior $)S%Mthe
!uttoc"s face posteriorly and
towards the left.
'ight sacrum posterior $'S%M
the !uttoc"s face posteriorly and
towards right.
Sacrum anterior$S-%Mthe
!uttoc"s face anteriorly:
Sacrum posterior $S%Mthe
!uttoc"s face posteriorly:
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C(( reparation
(he patient is instructed not to
restrict carboh"drateintake in the
da"s or
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Dose of glucose and variations
,n the *S! dosing is b" 0s has been 1:5 grams of
glucose per kilogram ofbod" 5 a
dose of 100g
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'esults
+asting plasma
glucose $measured before the
#(( begins% should be belo5 mcg
Enriched spaghetti! 1 cup cooked
12 mcg
/roccoli! 1 cup cooked 178 mcg
#range Fuice! 1 cup 110 mcg
/ab" /enefits &elps preent premature
delier":
Rour /enefits ;ards off anemia in
pregnant