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5ZBG:E.E. SCHEFTELOWITZ, THE JEWISH LAW OF FAMILY AND INHERITANCE AND
ITS APPLICATIONS IN PALESTINE, pp. 53-54 (1947); E. VITTA, THE CONFLICT OF
LAWS IN MATTERS OF PERSONAL STATUS IN PALESTINE, p. 124 (1947),VSYFEKQ
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CIGE[KGRK1939BKZTG[\KF\V\IGKG\I[GCG\[RDTGNF\KKISG\O
[N[NJGRG\FPREJNVZGXEGZF[NC\KFEKQFZCRKKO.BPRO,FKG[GVJKO
~201|
P\[GC\MO[BKRMOP\RDEKONSEGZKOBNF".NET\K,K[CMLCMEKNFTKETNKISO
FVG[Z[NFZCRKON\YRG\FIE[G\[’FGRI\G’TNKFO.
50PM\CPFGTEFNBGPKNPHMKZG\FZCRG\FZB[K\)24.10.1937()B"P,\KYDN=4/
8579(;[RKRGSIKO[NF\YRG\\I\FMG\Z\:’SEZKCK\FEKQNTZTGZKO’)B"P,[O(;PM\CPFPHMKZFZB[K[NPP[N\FPREJNZCRG\FZB[K\)25.3.1938(,FPB[ZB\
YCN\"\YRG\CK\FEKQFYGCTG\B\SEZKCK\FEKQNTZTGZKO".)B"P,[O(FPM\C
FZB[GQPHMKZB\FTGCEFMKF\YRG\BG[ZGCKEKPGTX\FZCRG\FZB[K\,GMQIGHZ
GPVXKZCEKKRKON[PGZTNF\YRG\FNNG;PSPLZ[PK[NFZCRG\FZB[K\{’FGZBG\
NCTNK=EKQGNTEKOCPG[CCK\FEKQFDEGN)NTZTGZKQ(’)6.7.1941()B"P,\KYV=4/
887(.BGNOFPSPLFGBCQTPGEBIECNCE,GFGBYGCTZYMKXEFXEEKOXZKMKO
NECZ,NTPGE,N[C\,GMKXEFTEKOXZKMKONFDKEZY"PF[ZBGBG[PTGPCNK
NFGSKU[GOCKBGZGBGPEQET\P[NFO".TGEYGEONMQRTZMGTNKEKPHMKZG\FZCRG\
FZB[K\\YRG\’FVZGXKEGZFCTRKRKO[C\KFEKQTGSYKOCFOCBGVQBEPKRKSJZJKCK’.
F\YRG\FNNGR[NIGCPM\CPGCZ,PHMKZFZCRG\,NTGZLFEKQNCRGQ,)CKGOJGMSNG
\"[()B"P,\KYDN=7/8570(.
51PYGZG\NJTRFHG,GMQNFCIRFNVKFC\IGPKO[GRKORPRTFPIGYYFPREJGZK
P[KRGKKOCEKQFPFG\KBGNOVTNNPTQ[KRGKKOCEKQFVZGXEGZBNK,PGCBKOCPBPZ
FR"N)ZEHKRZ,NTKNFTZF28(.GZBG,NP[N:BSUNIGCSYK"CKQ[RKTGNPG\{PGZ[\
FP[VJFPREJGZKCPEKR\K[ZBNCZB[K\F"KZG[NKOC\YGV\FPREJ{FT[KKFGFPGZ[\253,258=260)KFG[TCQ=BZKFTGZL,\[S"D(.
ZB[K\Q[N\YRG\FEKGQCC\KFEKQFZCRKKO:\YRG\\["D
![Page 18: edrey-din3 195. - Cardozo Law · \grczf n[ gh fcg[i fzkxk od ongb ,"kzctf jv[pc fykyif ngck \b gh fzkxk \zdspc frgp qgnb .okr[ \gz[t krvn zcm fysv \k[bzf \gry\n fcgj fpdge qfc fbgz](https://reader034.vdocuments.pub/reader034/viewer/2022051803/5bf5964309d3f237308bfa67/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
CCK\FP[VJFTNKGQB[ZF\KKISGN’SEZKFP[VJKO’MBN\YRG\EKGQ
FPIKKCG\B\C\KFEKQFZCRKKO,52
BLMRZBF[NBMLSCZF[GVJFKFGEK
DEVZGPYKQ.CVSYEKQ[JZY53
[RK\QC[K[KNKGRKPXJJVZGPYKQB\STKU7
FR"N[N’\YRG\MRS\K[ZBN’GBGPZ:
No rules have been issued, at any rate, in the sense that they havebeen brought to the notice of the public. [...] I would like to take thisopportunity of observing that it would be very desirable for theRabbinical Council to make use of the powers vested in it and toissue rules as to the hearing of appeals before the Court of Appeal.The public expects not to be kept in the dark in such importantmatters of procedure as to the constitution of the Court, time andcondition of lodging as appeal, etc.
CFINJK\MQ[MB[ZM\CVZGPYKQB\FPNX\GHGNZCRG\,MCZFKFPGET
NML[BOFZCRG\NB\TSGYCTRKKRKFVZGXEGZFTNGNKOF[NJGRG\NT[G\
HB\CPYGPF.C=25NPBK1939RK\RG’CIXZFPNLCBZPGQSRJD’KKPS’PSVZ
\KYGRKON’ECZFPNLCPGTXF’,1922,\KYGRKO[R\VZSPGCBGVQZ[PKZY
CSGUIGE[KGRK54
.CSTKU9RBPZ[K[N\YQB\SKPQ51NECZFPNL,FSKPQ
B[ZR\QB\SPMG\F[KVGJCTRKKRKFPTPEFBK[KNC\KFEKQFE\KKO,
GNFGSKUNGSTKUYJQ2[KYCT:
PG\ZNYCGTCVYGEFFGZBG\NTRKRKOENYPQ:
)B(FFZMC,FBZDGQGFVZGXEGZF[NC\KEKQ[NTEG\E\KG\,GCF\I[C
TOFGZBG\ECZFPNLFHF,DONTRKQF[PG[C[VGJT"KC\KEKQ
BNF~...|
~202|
52ZBGVSYFEKQH.C. 18/14 Ketter v. President, Rabbinical Court of Appealand Others (1941) 8 P.L.R 140)NFNQ:’VS"EM\Z’(.GZBGNFNQ,NKEFTZF.58
NEKGQCVSYEKQTYZGRKHFGCIGPZBZMKGRKFRGDTBNKGZBG:ZEHKRZ)NTKNFTZF14(,
200=206;215;220;237=239;ZEHKRZ)NTKNFTZF28(.
53H.C. 22/39 Shtark v. CEO Tel-Aviv and Another (1939) 6 P.L.R 323.
CVSYFEKQR\CZZFT\KZF[TRKKRFPYGZSPMG\G[NCK\FEKQFDEGN.FXKJGJKO
NPTNFPGCBKOPTP’327=328NVSYFEKQ.
54ECZFPNLCPGTXFTNVN[\KRF)B"K()\YGQ(,1939,TK\GQZ[PK898,29.6.1939,
\GSV\PS’2,TP’.381
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MNGPZ,F[NJGRG\FGEKTG[CSPMG\OKFKFNTSGYDOCTRKKRKFVZGXEGZF[N
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MEKNFSKZMNSVYPMZKHKOCHFMKNPZG\MNECZFMNGNCECZFPNL
FTKYZKBG\~K|YGQP\~K|YGRKG~...|FZKVYGE\FPZ\FE\GVYGE\FTEG\
FE\K\)BZDGQ(GF\YRG\[FG\YRGTNVKF,FGIYGMIGY.
MNGPZ,N’\YRG\MRS\K[ZBN’)[RIYYGPMGIVYGE\FTEG\FE\K\)BZDGQ((,
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N[NJGRG\NYCGTFGZBG\CRKEGQ.GFZKPCIKR\O[N[NJGRG\FPREJ)MBPGZ
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K[ZBN’!CFINJK\MQ[BR[KFGTEFNBGPKGFZCRG\FCKRGMT\[BONB
KTSYGCTXPOC\KYGQFVZGXEGZF[NFEKGQFZCRK,TNGNKOFCZKJKONT[G\
HB\CPYGPOTNCSKSF\KYGQFIE[.NMQSCKZPBGE[\KYGQHF,CXZGU
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IE[G\55
.
HB\GTGE,C\IKN\IGE[PBK1939RK\QVSYEKQIHQ,GCGCKJNGNPT[F
[GVJKCD"W)CVSYFEKQ[M\CVZGPYKQ(VSYEKQ[NCK\FEKQ[N\N=BCKC
)CZB[G\G[NFZCTGHKBN(,GHB\C[NVDOVZGXEGZBNK[F\YKKOCG)FGB
FKFI\GOCKEKEKKQBIECNCE:FZCTGHKBN(56
.FK\FHGFVTOFZB[GRF
~203|
55DNHRZ)NTKNFTZF43(,56.FRHMZ[OPHMKZB\F\KYGQNECZFPNLGPGSKU:
’M[NTXPKBRKZGBFC\KYGQHFMTKQF\ZBFNDCKFTEG\[JZOR\BZDRG,MKCPYZF
GNBKCY[GFGXB\\YRG\NBZDGRQ,KYCTFPIGYYCTXPGPF[EZG[NG’.[VJNGCKW
)NTKNFTZF6(,.54FRHMZ[OPHMKZDOFGBB\F\KYGQFR"NNECZFPNLCPSDZ\
EKGRGTNFVZGXEGZFCC\KFEKQFZCRKKO,BLBKRGPIGGFTNKGMNETF.EKGQC\KYGQHF
RTZLCF[\\VG\ICZKPGTX\FZCRG\FZB[K\,BGSJZGCSYKGBNPNKI{VZGJGYGN
EKGQ)J"G\PGH\ZX"J()B"P,\KYDN=4/7413(.PEKGQHFTGNFMKF\KYGQFJZKEPBGE
B\FZCRKOFZB[KKOFZXGDGTGHKBN,BGNONBC[NTRKKQF\YRG\BNBC[NFFZ[BF
[K[CGNFMZFCTEG\E\KG\RGSVG\TNBNFFYKKPG\.PF[FJZKEBG\OCTKYZFGB
[BDGE\K[ZBN\YCNFMZFMTEFKFGEK\RGSV\)GCML’MRS\K[ZBN’NB\FKFFTEF
FKFGEK\FPGMZ\FKIKEF(,GFOPINKJKONVTGNTNPR\NPRGTP\QFMZFMHG.
56H.C. 11/39 Hazan v. CEO Tel-Aviv and Another (1939) 6 P.L.R 243)PKGO8.5.1939(.VZGPYKQYGCTCGMKFFGXBFNVGTNNB\VTNNVKVSYFEKQFZCRK.
ZB[K\Q[N\YRG\FEKGQCC\KFEKQFZCRKKO:\YRG\\["D
![Page 20: edrey-din3 195. - Cardozo Law · \grczf n[ gh fcg[i fzkxk od ongb ,"kzctf jv[pc fykyif ngck \b gh fzkxk \zdspc frgp qgnb .okr[ \gz[t krvn zcm fysv \k[bzf \gry\n fcgj fpdge qfc fbgz](https://reader034.vdocuments.pub/reader034/viewer/2022051803/5bf5964309d3f237308bfa67/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
[CK\FP[VJFTNKGQF\TZCCXGZFMFCGJFCTRKKQVZGXEGZBNKCC\KFEKQ
FZCRKKO,CTGE[NVRKFRPRTPML57
.
F\TZCG\P[PTG\K\RGSV\[NCK\FP[VJFTNKGQC[BNFVZGXEGZBNK\
FK\FCVZ[\M\Z,58
CFFDEKZCD"WMKTNCK\FEKQFDEGNNEGQCMNTZTGZ
[PGCBCVRKG.GBPRO,[RKPYZKOBNF,IHQGM\Z,PGHMZKOCPM\CYGCNRF
IZKUGMGBC[M\CG[RKFZCRKOFZB[KKOFZXGDGTGHKBNN’PHMKZFZB[K[N
PP[N\VN[\KRF)B"K(’59
.FPM\CPSMOB\SPMGKG\C\KFEKQFZCRKKOMVK
[PCKRKOBG\QFZCRKOFZB[KKO,GMQ’B\TXGPG\KRGRDEFYKVGIKO[RT[G
~204|
N\KBGZVSYFEKQGRSKCG\KGGMQN\DGC\GFY[F[NFZCTGHKBN,B[ZJTQ[RFDNVK
FFNMFFP\KZFNGNEGQKIKEK,ZBG:ZEHKRZ)NTKNFTZF14(,195=.198BPRO,VSYEKQ
IHQFS\PLTNVSYEKQPGYEOKG\Z:H.C. 27/36 Hari v. CEO, Haifa andAnother (1936) 4 P.L.R 9,BGNOFZCTGHKBNSCZ[BKQNNPGEPPRGNPYZFIHQ,
P[GO[NET\GK[NFCIKQCKQCK\FEKQFDEGN,CGTSYVSYEKQHariGCKQCK\FEKQ
FBHGZK,MVK[BRKPZBF[O.BKNGFKGR[PZKO’SEZKFP[VJKO’,NTKNFTZF31ECZ
HFNBFKFBPGZNYZG\P[GO[STKUF[NFOYGCTMK’PSVZFEKKRKOCMNCK\EKQ
FGB[N[F’.
57FKCJKOFRGDTKONVZGXEGZF[NC\KFEKQREGRGC[RKVSYKEKQP[R\.1935CZB[GQ,
C.A. 163/33 Dienfeld v. Dienfeld [1935] 5 C.O.J. 1614,RGHUCK\FP[VJ
CCK\FEKQFZCRKCKZG[NKOTNML[NBFGXKBVSYEKQPRGPY,GYGCTMK:‘‘...thequestion of procedure in Rabbinical Courts of first Instances calls in our
view, for a careful consideration of the Rabbinical authorities.’’,BGNO
N\VKS\GHGNBFKK\FF[VTFPT[K\TNVSYEKRG.CVSYEKQPBGIZKG\ZPBG\F
[RF,H.C. 34/35 Levitov v. CEO, Haifa and Another (1935) 2 P.L.R 345,
CGREGRFJTRFEGPFMRDEVSYEKQZCRK[NBFMKNZBKG\NVSYEKRG,YGCTF[GVJ
VZGPYKQMK[BNFHGXZKMFNFKG\PGD[\NCK\FEKQFZCRKFDEGNGBKRFTRKKQNCK\
FP[VJFTNKGQ.MBPGZ,CVSYEKQIHQMCZNBRPRTVZGPYKQPNF\TZCCVSYEKRG[N
CK\FEKQFBHGZK,GNBFVRFB\FTRKKQNCK\FEKQFDEGN.
58NTKNFTZF.52
59PM\CPFZXGDGTGHKBN,ZCRKOZB[KKO,N’PHMKZFZB[K[NPP[N\VN[\KRF)B"K(’
)13.8.1941()BX"P,\KY1347/1J(F\HMKZFDKTNKGTWFP[VJK[NPP[N\FPREJ
)B"P,\KYP=18/736(.B\FZYTNM\KC\FPM\CRK\QNPXGBC[RKFPM\CKOFRHMZKO
NFNQCFTZF65,GFTGSYKOC\DGCG\[K[NRYGJC[NF\TZCG\OFFGNM\GDGCZ\[N
C\KFP[VJCXEEKO[GRKO[N[KVGJFZCRK.C\KYHF[CB"PPXGKDOPM\CPFZC
TGHKBN,ZCZB[K,NR[KBCK\FP[VJFTNKGQ)20.6.1941(GCGFGBPGIFTNF\TZCG\O
[NC\KP[VJPIGHKKOCVSKY\O[NC\KFEKQFZCRKKOGCPRKT\FGXB\VSYKFONVGTN
PJKTGRKO[GRKO.FPRKTNM\KC\PM\CHFFKFF\TZCG\[NCK\FP[VJFPIGHK[N
\N=BCKCCVSKY\G[NCK\FEKQFZCRKCTKZHG.GZBGNFNQFTZF.62
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NC\KEKQBNFTNKEKFVZYJKYFFP[VJK\[NC\KFP[VJFBHZIKKO
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NF\TZCG\BSGZF[NCK\FP[VJFTNKGQ:60
ET\RGFKB[BKQC\KFP[VJFBHZIKKOHMBKONF\TZCCECZIGYKG\
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FPM\CYGCTMKBKQNFCIKQCKQ’FIGYFPJZKBNK’GCKQ’FIGYFVZGXSGBNK’:61
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CNCENVKFIGYFPJZKBNK[NFTEFFKFGEK\BNBDONVKIGYKGMNNK
FEKGQFRFGDKOCC\KEKQK[ZBNKKOGFPFGKOINYCN\KRVZEPFIGY
FK[ZBNKFMNNK.
DOBR[KFGTEFNBGPKGFSGMRG\FKFGEK\FCKRGFKJCB\P[PTG\F[N
VSKY\CD"WGFVXKZGCC\KFEKQNVTGNNKXKZ\O[NSEZKEKGQGN[PKZ\O,
MEKNPRGTF\TZCG\RGSV\[NCK\FP[VJFTNKGQCRG[BHF62
.
~205|
60F[GGB\[RKFXKJGJKOFPGCBKOMBQNECZKO[M\CFZCTGHKBNCBGVQK[KZMRDE
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203=205)CRGDTNVZ[\M\Z(.
61[NKN\F[NFCIRFHGTGNFDOCECZKO[BPZFZCYGY.ZBGNFNQFTZF.207
62CPM\CPFGTEFNBGPKNZCTGHKBN,ZCZB[K)30.5.1941()B"P,\KYDN=8/8570(
PGCBKOPSVZRKPGYKONXGZLC\KYGQSEZKFZCRG\GC\KFEKQTNKEK\NPKEKIMPKO
[FODOP[VJRKOFCYKBKOCP[VJFBZW,CKQFK\ZP[GO[’CHPQFBIZGQR\DNG
YVGIKOP[VJKKO[GRKORDEC\KFEKQFE\KKO[NRGPJTOC\KFEKQFPP[N\KKO’.ZBG
NTKNFTZF59,GZBGDOTPE\FSGMRG\FKFGEK\,NFNQFTZF.65GZBGTGE:PM\C
PFZCBGSJZGCSYK,FGTEFNBGPK,NZCTGHKBN,ZCZB[K)2.3.1941()B"P,\KYV14/
892(,FTGSYCPYZF[R\VZSOCTK\GRG\GCGEGGIMKCEKGQ[F\RFNCCK\=FEKQ
CKZG[NKOK[CG[RKEKKRKOGPHMKZCK\FEKQMEKKQ[NK[K.B\PM\CGFGBPSKKO:"FRRG
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.3NIWVRKOKK[GCK:TGZMKFEKQG’F\BIEG\R[KOTCZKG\N[KGGKHMGKG\’
DGZORGSUBG\GK[NYI\CI[CGQFGBNIXQ[N[\KYCGXG\KFGEKG\[CBG
CPDTFEGYTOC\KFEKQ.ZB[K\,K[NFHMKZB\TGZMKFEKQB[ZYCNGTN
FVZGXEGZFFNYGKFCC\KFEKQ.YKGPG[NNIWMHFTGNFPPM\CKO[GRKO
FPXGKKOCBZMKGRKO.MLPDNKOBRG[FGTEFNBGPKRKSFNHZHB\KXKZ\Q
GVZSGPQ[N’\YRG\\["D’GYCT[ECZHF"RT[FCHPQFBIZGQXGZLFMZIK
PPEZDFZB[GRF",CKQFK\Z,64
C[NF"EZK[G\F\MGVG\PXETGZMKFEKQ
[MNHPQ[NB\FKFNVRKFOIGCZ\PGEVS\TNFVZGXEGZFFP[VJK\{
BKRFZXGKFNFOFGVTFCC\KFEKQFE\KKO".\NGRG\EGPG\[NTGZMKEKQ
FDKTGDONKEKFSGMRG\FKFGEK\65
.
PQFXKJGJ[FGCBMBQRK\QNFCKQ[FTEZYKGPF[N’IGCZ\PGEVS\
TNFVZGXEGZFFP[VJK\’DZONTGZMKEKQNFKPRTPNFGVKTCC\KEKQ.CZGZ
[BPKZFHGP\KKIS\NPYZFCGKMGNTGZLFEKQNCIGZBONFGVKTCFO,YZK
CPYZKOCFOBKQIGCFPMGIFEKQNT[G\HB\.BMQ,ZBKRG[FZCRKOFZXGD
GTGHKBNPHMKZKOB\TRKKQFSPMG\[RK\RFNFOPMGICGZZG\MDGZOPZMHK
NKXKZ\Q[N’\YRG\\["D’66
.BGNO,CZGZ[FTEZVZGXEGZFF]Y[FTNTGZMK
~207|
64PM\CPFGTEFNBGPKNZCTGHKBN,ZCZB[K)30.5.1941(,NTKNFTZF.62BR[KFGTE
FNBGPKIGHZKOGPEDK[KOTRKKQHFCPM\CPBR[KFGTEFNBGPKNZCRKOFZB[KKO
)10.8.1941()B"P,\KYDN=8/8570(:"BKQXGZLNCZZNVRKPT"MB\FXGZLC\YRG\
BNF,MNTGZMKFEKQFP[\\VKOCP[VJKFZCRG\CMNFBZWEGZ[KOHB\CPVDKT".
GZBGDONFNQFTZF71GCXKJGJFPGCBNKEFTZF.117
65PM\CPP[F[Z\GY,PRFNFPINYFFPEKRK\[NFSGMRG\,NP[FBGSJZGCSYK
)23.3.1941()B"P,\KYDN=8/8570(:"CFHEPRG\HGFRRGNXKKQMKNKEKT\F[NFRFN\
FPINYFFPEKRK\FDKTG\NGRG\,CKIGEPXEXCGZTGZMKFEKQ,TNFTEZVZGXKEGZF
YVERK\CC\KFEKQFE\KKO.FRRGIG[CKO[FRFD\VZGXEGZFMHB\FK\FTNGNFNIHY
CTKRKFPP[NFGC\KFEKQFINGRKKOB\TPE\FZCRG\FZB[K\CECZFKYU[KVGJO
[NC\KFEKQFE\KKO".M\DGCFR[NIPM\CPBGSJZGCSYKGBNPNKINP[F[Z\GY
)26.3.1941()BX"P,\KY5895/25S(,CFFOPEGGIKOTNF\YEPG\KXKZ\Q[N’\YRG\
\["D’.NECZKFO,NBIZBK[GZQCKEKFZCRG\[NF\YRG\[RM\CGCKEK’GTEF[NRG’,
FQKVGZSPG’GCHFK\GYQFECZ[B\OTGPEKOTNKGCPM\CMO’.JKGJ\F\YRG\PXGZV\
NPM\C.\NGRG\TNVZGXEGZFNYGKFFG[PTGMPGCQTGEYGEONMQ.ZBG,NP[N,NFNQ
FTZF.180
66NTKNFTZF.22[KPGNC[FODOPXKKRKO[O[FIGCZ\[NFOPKGTE\’CKIGENTGZMK
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FEKQ,CTKYZCPYZKOCFONBFG\KZNFOFIGYCZKZFBNBNVRG\NC\KFEKQ
FZCRKKO,YZKCTRKKRKOFRGDTKONEKRKP[VIF.PYZFMHFP\GTECPM\C[N
TGZLFEKQPZEMKTNKB[NCK\FEKQFDEGNNTZTGZKO,CGFGBP\BZPYZF
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.
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BIZHG[NC\KFP[VJ,PGVKTKOCPBPZ[NBIEPBEZKMNKF\YRG\)MVK
[RZBFNFNQ(,TGZLFEKQRV\NKYKZ[,68
FYGCTMKISZGRQ[N\YRG\EKGQ
PGZD[BXNMNPK[CBCPDTTOC\KFEKQ:
~...|NBCNCEFYFNFZIC~...|BNBBUXKCGZTGZMKFEKQ,[[CKNK
FVZGXEGZFFMNNK\RFKZKONGKVFGCTPKEFNVRKMSF[GVJFBHZIK
FGBTG[FB\JTRG\KGFVZNPKRBZKG\ICKNG\ICKNG\{BUFGBBKRG
PGXBKEKGGZDNKGCCTKG\FVZGXSGBNKG\FKSGEKG\CKG\Z.\YRG\
PVGZJG\TNINYHFPFVZGXEGZFT[GKG\BKVGBNFZKOB\YZQCK\
FEKQFE\KGNFZCG\B\FHYKYFNEKQK[ZBN.
BMQ,NBPKG\ZNXKKQCFY[ZHFB\FVZGXEGZFCC\KFP[VJFBHZIKKO.ZY
C[R\1938VZSPG[NJGRG\FPREJB\’\YRG\FVZGXEGZFFBHZIK\’TCGZ
CK\FP[VJFTNKGQGCK\FP[VJFPIGHK.C[R\1940R\VZSPFVZGXEGZF
EGPFTCGZC\KP[VJF[NGO69
.\YRG\BNGIGNNGPFVMFCSEZKFEKQ[FKG
~208|
67PM\CPTGZLFEKQPZEMKTNKB[NCK\FEKQFDEGNNTZTGZKO)26.10.1938()B"P,\KY
DN=4/8579(F[BNFFKK\FNPKK[NVRG\CPYZF[NCY[FN[KRGKDGCFPHGRG\
[RVSYG,C[N[KRGKRSKCG\.TGZLFEKQVRFNCK\FEKQFZCRKCIKVF[VSYNZB[GRF
B\DGCFFPHGRG\GCKY[N[RG\B\DGCFO.CK\FEKQBPZ[BKRGKGETBO[KRGKMHF
FGBCSPMG\G,BG[PBCSPMG\G[NCK\FEKQFDEGN,GFVRFB\TGZLFEKQNCK\FEKQ
FDEGN.TNKB[PCY[FMZTFTYZGRK\CTRKKQ,GMQB\FVX\FCIGHZNMNC\KFEKQ
CBZW.TNFPM\CRPXB\FINJFCM\CKE,CI\KP\[NG[FEKKRKO[NCK\FEKQ
FDEGNCZB[G\FZCFZXGD,GNVKFFSPMG\R\GRFNCK\FEKQFPYGPK,BOMKMPGCQ
[RK\QNTZTZTNFINJ\GNCK\FEKQFDEGN.
68RV\NKYKZ[,"\YRG\CK\EKQ",FXGVF)JBKKZ,\"[;17.5.1940(.VGTNG[NYKZ[
CRKEGQEKEQK\GBZCFZICFCFP[L.
69\YRG\FVZGXEGZFFBHZIK\,1938,TK\GQZ[PK755,\GS’2TP’95)MNFTPGEKO
P\KKISKONRGSIFTCZK(,GF\KYGRKO:TK\GQZ[PK780,\GS’2TP’445;TK\GQZ[PK
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RFGDKOTEBHCC\KFP[VJ,CTKYZP[GO[FMRKSGVGZPNKHOGGEBG\
P[VJK\CZPFDCGFFNBKQ[KTGZPBNG[FKGYKKPKOCVZGXEGZFFBHZIK\
FTG\’PBRK\[RFDFCC\KFP[VJF[GRKOTEBH70
.SCKZPBGENFRKIMK
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.NFNQRZBFMK
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’\YRG\\["D’,72
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.BI\
~209|
792,\GS’2TP’585;TK\GQZ[PK875,\GS’2TP’221;TK\GQZ[PK891,\GS’2TP’
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70BNKTHZPNIK\GNEG\FP[VJCBZWK[ZBN136)\[K"D(.TNC\KFP[VJF[GRKO
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[NPNIK,FPECZTN"FCEN[PKOGBZW"CKQFVZGXEGZFFTG\’PBRK\NHGFBRDNK\,
NGYKOCFDHP\PF)GZBG,NP[N:NIGCSYK)NTKNFTZF51(,259,BKQFECZP[RF
NTRKKRRG.TXOF[KRGKFDEGN[F\IGNNCVZGXEGZF[NC\KFP[VJDZOBXNTGZMK
FEKQ[REZ[GNNPEFNI[KCFPIGE[\TNFVZGXEGZF[NC\KFEKQ,B[ZNNBMN
SVYFKK\FNYGKF.GZBGCFTZFFCBF.
71JTRG\BNGFGTNGCK[KC\’FGTEFNRSGI\YRG\FEKGQCC\KFEKQCBZWK[ZBN’.
CVZGJGYGNFK[KCF)5.12.1940()B"P,\KYDN=7/5870(,P\BZTGZLFEKQPZEMK
NCRGQ,PK[FKFDGZOPZMHKCRKSGI’\YRG\\["D’,B\F\YEPG\FTCGEF.NECZKG,
FTCGEFTEKKQNBRS\KKPF,BGNOK[NFINKJGNYCNB\FINY[MCZRT[F)’TRKRKO
TNZKC’,ZBGNFNQ,NKEFTZF113(,\GL[FGBPXKKQB\FY[ZCKQ\YRG\C\KFEKQ
GCKQVZGXEGZFFBHZIK\,GMVK[PGVKTFECZCVZGJGYGN:"BRKPXKTNYCNB\INYB’
FTZGLMCZ;FPP[NFNBFK\FNFVZGXEGZFNC\F"ETEF[RFFBIZGRF;BV[Z
NB[ZNVK[TFINYHF,MKGOBKQNDPZK\YRG\YCGTG\,BNGKMRKSGSEZZC
CEKGRKO~...|K[F\PZPZG\XGEY\PBEPXEBNFFRHYYKONC\F"ECRGDTNEKGRKO,
GC\YRG\K[FSEZCECZFD[\\CKTF,F\RDEG\GMG’".EGDPFNF\PZPZG\MHGPGVKTF
CFP[LFEKGQ[O,MB[ZTGZLFEKQYNPQVZKERCZD)GZBGNTKNFTZF41(BGPZ:
"~...|NET\KK[NYCNZYB\F\YRG\[NF’NCRGQ,GK[N\\\GYUNFQ...BKQNF[BKZ
B\FBRZMKFFRP[M\HFT[ZKOG[\KO[RKO".RZBF[FGBPRFT[ZKOG[\KKO[RKO
PT\FYP\G[N’P[ZEFZCRG\’CKZG[NKOCEXPCZ.1918TNDGUHF,[CPKEFZCF
RK\QNZBG\GM’BCKF’[NFZCRG\FZB[K\,ZBG:VZKEPQ)NTKNFTZF34(,77=.80
72ZBGNFNQNKEFTZF.134
73ZBGNTKNFTZF.13
74TNFBZDGQGTNVTKNG\GZBG:[ZFTHZKFGF\BIEG\R[KOTCZKG\N[GGKHMGKG\CB"K{VZYKON\GNEG\\RGT\FB[FCBZW1900=1947)\["J(;IRFSVZQNBZGXG\NFKG\RIPEG\30=35)IKVF,\[S"G(.
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FVTKNGKG\FPZMHKG\[NFF\BIEG\FKK\FFVTN\’N[MG\P[VJKG\’CFQ
RK\QSKGTP[VJKNR[KOC\IGOEKRKFP[VIF75
.TGCEG\KFQ[NN[MG\BNF
FGVKTGCC\KFEKQFZCRKKOMJGTRG\TCGZR[KO,G[OR\YNGCSEZKFEKQ
FNYGKKOGVRGNF\BIEG\MEK[HG\\ZKTTNFCTKFG\SKKTNV\ZGRF.MCZ
CGGTKEFF[RKKF[NFF\BIEG\C=1932,TPEFE"ZIRFCZMKFG,ZB[
FN[MFFP[VJK\CKZG[NKO,TN:76
FNKYGKKOFZXKRKKOCSEZGCVZGXEGZF[NFRFN\FP[VJKOCC\KFEKQ
[NRG,CFOR\YN\ICZ\FN[MFFPGVKTFM’JGTR\’CVRKC\KFP[VJ
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[NC\KFEKQFE\KKO[NRG,GPIGC\FB[FNF\TRKKQCML[C\KFP[VJ
FBNFKTPEGTNZPFDCGFFPMNFCIKRG\.
GBMQFFINJFFZB[GRF[NFGTKEFFKK\F:
~...|NFDK[\HMKZBNFPGSEG\FPGSPMKO,CG\GCTFCY[FNEBGD
NYCKT\SEZKO\YKRKOCVZGXEGZF[NFRFN\FP[VJKOCC\KFEKQ
FE\KKO.
NVKTEG\FFPTRKKR\[NBI\PPRFKDG\FF\BIEG\,[ZFTHZKFG,77
CZGZ
FKFNF\BIEG\MKTNKFNVRG\CZB[GCZB[GRFNZCRG\FZB[K\C\CKTF
~210|
75TNFN[MG\GVTKNG\QZBG:THZKFG)[O(,58=.60IGPZZCTNVTKNG\FN[MG\GTN
PBCYQN\KYGRKOCC\KFEKQFZCRKKOGCEKQFBK[KPXGKC\KYKFF\BIEG\[CBZMKGQ
FXKGRKFPZMHKGCBZMKGRF[N[ZFTHZKFG,BI\PPRFKDG\FF\BIEG\,F[PGZMIJKCF
15CBZMKGQKEJCRYKQ,ZP\BVTN~NFNQ:BZMKGQTHZKFG|.PQFPSPMKOTGNFDO
\ZGP\FFDEGNF[NFF\BIEG\NTKXGC\YRG\FZCRG\FZB[K\P\["E)NFNQFTZF
155(.CMGGR\KNTSGYCMLCPYGOBIZ.KXGKQMKMCZC[R\1924RM\CPM\CPTGZL
FEKQYNPQVZKERCZDNFF\BIEG\)1942,F’RKSQ\ZV"E()BZMKGQTHZKFG,PKMN1\KY
2(.VZKERCZDFXKDCG[GZF[NCTKG\P[VJKG\[TNFF\BIEG\NSKKTNV\ZGRQ,
GCMNNQFMRS\SEZKOCC\KFEKQ[NFZCRG\.GZBGVZKERCZD)NTKNFTZF41(.
76FXKJGJKOP\GLTHZKFG)[O(,46=.47VZGJGYGNFGTKEFF[RKKF[NFF\BIEG\
)BX"P,\KY10/75J(.[OBMQP\GTEG\JTRG\TNPXCFFTNGC[NFZCRG\GTNFTEZ
SEZKEKGQ\YKRKOCF.RG[BHFTNFDOCGGTKEFFBZXK\FCBF[NFF\BIEG\,GDOCG
R\YCNFFINJFEGPF.ZBGSKMGOFMKRGSFBZXK[NFF\BIEG\:"CF\BIEG\R[KO
N[GGKHMGKG\CBZWK[ZBN"FBZW)23.7.1939(.
77THZKFG)[O(,55=.56CBZMKGQTHZKFG,PKMN3\KY6,PXGKFJKGJ\PBPZ[M\CF
THZKFGTCGZTK\GQ’FBZW’CIGE[RGCPCZ1935,GCGFKBPXCKTFTNFVTZCKQ
VZGXEGZFP\GYR\FYKKP\CC\KFP[VJGCKQFPXCCC\KFEKQ.
TPKIKZEHKRZ
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N"[MNGNKOCVZGXEGZF[NFRFN\FP[VJKOG[KVGZKOCSEZKOFVRKPKKO
GFIKXGRKKO[NC\KFEKQ[NRG",BGNOP"[NBPXBGBGHQY[C\CPKEF
FZXGKF"RBNXGRXKDG\FF\BIEG\NVRG\N"ET\FYFN[NFKK[GCFPBGZDQ
GNEZG[PPRGSKGTPGSZKC[JIHF".MNGPZ,DOTHZKFGPB[[\B\FJTRF
MKFZCRG\NBFK\FNFGJF,CN[GQFPTJF,NVTGNNPTQ[KVGZSEZKFEKGQ
CC\KFEKQ[NF,GREZ[FKFNIWIKXGRKPXEPGSEG\FKK[GC.
BMQ,FPPXBKOFBZMKGRKKOPB[ZKOTEG\HG,NVKFCKMZFFF\BIEG\
NVRG\CZB[GRFNZCRG\,GZYP[ZB\F[BKQCML\GIN\VR\FNPGSEG\
FKK[GCKKO.NBGZFINJG\FGTKEFC=1932[NIFFF\BIEG\\HMKZPVGZJ
NZCRG\FZB[K\78
.C\HMKZPGTNG\PSVZRYGEG\FRGDTG\NSEZKFEKGQ,MDGQ:
EZK[FNZK[GOVZGJGYGNKO,BGEZK[F[CTZMB\FTZTGZNBKK[CEKKQ
[F[\\UCEKGQ[F\RFNCTZMBFFZB[GRF)ICZKFZCRG\FZB[K\MKFRGFQ
MEKKRKCK\FEKQ[NKZG[NKOGFQMEKKRKCK\FEKQFDEGN(79
.DOSRKU
FF\BIEG\C\N=BCKCVRFCBGVQK[KZNZCRG\FPYGPK\,FXCKTTN[GZF
[NCTKG\C[KVGJFZCRK,GCKY[PPRF"VZGXEGZF[NP[VJFTGPE\TN
FDGCF"80
.P[F\KKB[F,MRZBF,FF\BIEG\PQF\YGGFMKFZCRG\TXPF
\\YQB\VTKNG\O[NC\KFEKQ,FINKJFNVRG\K[KZG\BNFGTEFNBGPK.
C\HMKZPIGE[KGRK81
1940RBPZ[FF\BIEG\PVTKNFSKGTP[VJKNR[KO
CC\KFEKQ,"GC[JIHFFQR\YNG\CY[KKOZCKO[PYGZOCIGSZSEZGP[GB
~211|
78BZMKGQTHZKFG,PKMN3\KY2GPKMN2\KY.7TNF\HMKZI\GPG\IRFCZMKFGGTEF
DNZ.KXGKQMKCSGVG[NFT\YF\HMKZ[CPKMN2RGSVFFTZFCKGO28.1.1937,GNVKF
’\GYRGCPYX\CP[ZEFZCRG\CKZG[NKOCP[LFHPQ’PSVZTRKKRKOVZGXEGZBNKKO.
TOHB\,C\HMKZFPXGKCBG\G\KY,B[ZR[NICBC\ZX"INGTEFYFKNFCKZG[NKO
TNKEK’FGTEFNTRKRKP[VIF[TNKEGTEFYFKNF’,PGHMZG\[GCBG\QCTKG\TNKFQ
F\ZKTFFF\BIEG\,\I\FMG\Z\:’[VGZKOCSEZKC\KFEKQ’.
79ZBGNTKNFTZF.24
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PKMN3\KY1(.ZBGDOM\CFCTK\GQ’FBZW’PKGO6.5.1938,CFPSGVZTN\HMKZRGSU
[R[NINZCRG\\N=BCKCNBIZ[CK[KC\SRKUFF\BIEG\CTKZTNG"FXTG\CRGDT
N[KVGZPFNLFEKGQGFVZGXEGZFFVGZPNK\[NFP[VJ".FCTKFFPZMHK\FRHMZ\[O
FKBRKSGINYGK[NVSYKEKQ.
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VRKOF[GZZKOCPGSEG\FP[VJ[NRG".GPMKGGQ[CTRKKRKP[VIF[GRKO
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PFGGFECZF\KYGRKOGF[MNGNKOFEZG[KOCC\KFP[VJ[NRGCTKF
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8578(.CVZGJGYGNK[FXTG\N[KVGZSEZKFEKGQMPG:FYVEFTNFZMCKO,NGIG\HPRKO,
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