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THOMSON & RUTHERFORDTHOMSON & RUTHERFORD
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http://users.dra.sch.gr/filplatakis
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(460 370 ..)
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.
.
.
,
.
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Thomson (1856-1940)
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ThomsonThomson
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Rutherford (1871-1937)
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RutherfordRutherford
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ThomsonThomson
, .
, , . , . .
-
: :
1800 ( ).
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Rutherford Rutherford ::
, , ,
-
: :
, 50 m
- , ..
-
(): (): (): (): (): ():
()
()
()
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( ) ( )
-
( ) ( ) ( (
) )
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...
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WHY?WHY?
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Rutherford:Rutherford:
, , . . , , MaxwellMaxwell, , . .
) ) ( ); ( );
) ) ( . ( . ););
) ) ;;
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Bohr (Bohr ( ) )
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, , Coulomb Coulomb
Bohr Bohr ::
1 :1 :
-
, , . .
Bohr Bohr ::
2 :2 :
nhnrmL
2
n=1,2,3,,
L = mL = mr r h/2h/2..
-
. . , , . .
Bohr Bohr ::
33 : :
e-
-
, , . .
Bohr Bohr ::
4 :4 :
: e-
: e-
hf:
e--
+p+
- E-=hf
-
, , Bohr Bohr ee-- (. ) (. ) : :
: :
rekE2
2
k: , e: ( )r:
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E1 E1 (1 = -13,6(1 = -13,6 eV) eV),,
: :
rr11 ee-- (( Bohr) (rBohr) (r11 = 0,53 = 0,531010-10 -10 m)m),,
21 nrrn
21
nEEn
n=1,2,3,,:n=1,2,3,,: ( )( )
-e-
+p+
n=1n=2
n=3
r1r2
r3
3
21
nn ::
n n : :
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rr11 EE11 , ,
rrnn = r = r11nn22
: : E Enn = E = E11/n/n22
n
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