Flexibility in System OperationAlbino Marques
Director de Operación del Sistema EléctricoRedes Energéticas Nacionais (REN)
Mesa redonda 1:Beneficios esperados de la interoperabilidad en términos de operación del sistema eléctrico
Sesión de TR@NSENER sobre Interoperabilidad de redesAutumn Seminar FUNSEAM
Madrid, 22 de noviembre de 2018
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TOPICS
1. REN and the Portuguese Electricity System
2. The RES uncertainties – some cases
3. Electricity Balancing Guideline – the legal mandate for the European TSOs
4. TSO view on flexibility services
5. Portuguese system trends
Flexibility in System Operation
3
TOPICS
1. REN and the Portuguese Electricity System
2. The RES uncertainties – some cases
3. Electricity Balancing Guideline – the legal mandate for the European TSOs
4. TSO view on flexibility services
5. Portuguese system trends
Flexibility in System Operation
4
REN: the Portuguese Electricity and Natural Gas integrated TSO
• 8.907 km of HV OHL and underground cables (400 kV, 220 kV e 150 kV)
• 67 Substations (37.382 MVA)• 9 interconnections (6x400 kV + 3x220 kV)
• 1.375 km of pipelines (84 bar, 10‘’ - 32’’)• 203 Stations (85 GRMS)• 2 interconnections (1x 28’’ + 1x20’’)• LNG Terminal in Sines• 6 Underground Salt Cavities (4 TWh)
Electricity Natural GasTransmission network Transmission network + Terminal +
Underground storage
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2008 – 2017 | Installed capacity
MW
TOTAL 19 800
RENEWABLE GENERATION 13 397
Hydro 7 193
Wind 5 090
Biomass 624
Solar 490
NON-RENEWABLE GENERATION 6 403
Coal 1 756
Natural Gas 4 607
Others 40
PEAK LOAD 8 771
Hydro pumps 2 698
Peak load is less than half of the total installed capacity
Very good mix of flexible generation (Hydro & Natural Gas)
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Energy supply in 2017 (40% RES)
Demand+Pump
Demand
Import Balance
Solar
Reservoirs
Run-of-river
Wind
Biomass
Natural Gas
Coal
• Solar 2%• Wind 23%• Hydro 10% (dry year)• Biomass 5%
2008 - 2017 | Market and interconnection capacity
Average capacityavailable for the day ahead market
Percentage of hours
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TOPICS
1. REN and the Portuguese Electricity System
2. The RES uncertainties – some cases
3. Electricity Balancing Guideline – the legal mandate for the European TSOs
4. TSO view on flexibility services
5. Portuguese system trends
Flexibility in System Operation
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RES variability in 2017
Hydro – season behavior
Wind Solar
ReservoirsRun-of-RiverAverage Rsrv+RoRAverage RoR
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Wind and Solar installed capacity
New connection requests from Producers (Dec-17)
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Wind extremes in 2017
• 30th April 2017 - 109% of the load was delivered by wind (instantaneous)
Historic Load PeakContribution from Wind Wind Peak
Maximum Energy DailyMaximum % Inst. PowerMaximum % Energy Daily
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
0 6 12 18 24
MW 24 Janeiro
9192 MW
2968 MW
0 6 12 18 24
12 Novembro
3702 MW
0 6 12 18 24
13 Novembro
70 % / 81 GWh
93 %
LOAD LOADLOAD
WIND
WIND
WIND
24 January 12 November 13 November
Historic Load PeakContribution from Wind Wind Peak
Maximum Energy DailyMaximum % Inst. PowerMaximum % Energy Daily
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
0 6 12 18 24
MW 24 Janeiro
9192 MW
2968 MW
0 6 12 18 24
12 Novembro
3702 MW
0 6 12 18 24
13 Novembro
70 % / 81 GWh
93 %
LOAD LOADLOAD
WIND
WIND
WIND
24 January 12 November 13 November
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Wind extremes in 2017 (30th April)
109 % = Wind / Load72 % = Wind / (Load + Pumping + Exports + Losses)72 % = Wind / (Generation + Imports)80 % = Wind / Generation
ImportsNatural gasHydro reservoirsHydro run-of-riverCoalOther non-dispat.WindLoad + PumpingLoad
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Extremes in 2016 (21st November)
From Maximum to minimum (99 MW) in 22 hours
ImportsNatural gasHydro reservoirsHydro run-of-riverCoalOther non-dispat.WindLoad + PumpingLoad
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RES has supplied all national consumption for 4 consecutive days
Between 12th and 16th of Feb 2016, wind and hydro produced 134% of the load
ImportsNatural gasHydro reservoirsHydro run-of-riverCoalOther non-dispat.WindLoad + PumpingLoad
Minimum demand load
Maximum demand load
Average wind share
Average hydro reservoir share
Average hydro run-of-river shareOther RES share
4.078 MW
7.737 MW
60%
36%
33%
5%
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TOPICS
1. REN and the Portuguese Electricity System
2. The RES uncertainties – some cases
3. Electricity Balancing Guideline – the legal mandate for the European TSOs
4. TSO view on flexibility services
5. Portuguese system trends
Flexibility in System Operation
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Objectives of the EBGL
Objectives defined in Article 3 of the Electricity Balancing Guideline are:
a) fostering effective competition, non-discrimination and transparency in balancingmarkets;
b) enhancing efficiency of balancing as well as efficiency of European and nationalbalancing markets;
c) integrating balancing markets and promoting the possibilities for exchanges ofbalancing services while contributing to operational security;
d) contributing to the efficient long-term operation and development of the electricitytransmission system and electricity sector in the Union while facilitating the efficient andconsistent functioning of day-ahead, intraday and balancing markets;
e) ensuring that the procurement of balancing services is fair, objective, transparentand market-based, avoids undue barriers to entry for new entrants, fosters the liquidityof balancing markets while preventing undue distortions within the internal market inelectricity;
f) facilitating the participation of demand response including aggregation facilitiesand energy storage while ensuring they compete with other balancing services at alevel playing field and, where necessary, act independently when serving a singledemand facility;
g) facilitating the participation of renewable energy sources and support theachievement of the European Union target for the penetration of renewable generation.
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TOPICS
1. REN and the Portuguese Electricity System
2. The RES uncertainties – some cases
3. Electricity Balancing Guideline – the legal mandate for the European TSOs
4. TSO view on flexibility services
5. Portuguese system trends
Flexibility in System Operation
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The TSO view on flexibility services
• Flexibility purpose is balancing/frequency related services and/or localcongestion management services.
• The first ones are, according to European approved codes, exclusively operatedby the TSOs. The second ones are operated by the respective grid operator (DSOor TSO). DSOs and TSOs should be enablers for the participation of the flexibilitysources connected to their network in the different markets.
• According to EBGL – Electricity Balancing Guideline it is an “all EuropeanTSOs” obligation to build European platforms to enable cross border Europeanmarkets to exchange various types of balancing products.
• The service suppliers can be flexible generators or flexible consumers (directly orthrough aggregators - to have enough dimension)
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• TSOs (and DSOs) should strive to facilitate and enable the flexibility providers connected to their networks to be active in any market, including balancing, congestion management, day-ahead and intraday or any additional market that might developed in the future.
• There shouldn’t be any entry barriers for distributed resources derived from the lack of harmonisation and interoperability to participate into markets. Thus, a common data platform containing all bids and offers for all available markets and run by an entity independent from market interests should be the preferred scheme.
• Customers should have the right to participate in all markets. Customers should be able to choose how to perform this participation, including directly without interaction with the operator of the network to which they are connected.
The TSO view on flexibility services
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How to enable the flexibility in system operation with more renewable and dispersed generation, storage and EVs?
1. The TSOs defend a “one system approach”. Fragmenting the market should bea no-go. A flexibility service provider should be able to offer its services fordifferent market purposes, and its flexibility should be used where valued at most.
2. If markets serving a specific need (and therefore possibly at a local scale) aredeveloped, they should be well-coordinated with the integrated electricity marketat national and European level (e.g. through coordinated Merit Order Lists (MOL)or common platforms)
3. TSOs must have observability of grid users larger than a given size, due to theirdirect influence in balancing and system security, and this should be defined innational regulation.
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How to enable the flexibility in system operation with more renewable and dispersed generation, storage and EVs?
4. The TSO/DSO data sharing is key to allow visibility of Distributed Energy Resources (DER):
• Structural data • Scheduled data• Real Time data• Meter data
5. In Portugal we have a good tradition in TSO/DSO technical cooperation. This has be improved because uncertainties in system operation must be intelligently and efficiently managed to save money to the consumers.
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TOPICS
1. REN and the Portuguese Electricity System
2. The RES uncertainties – some cases
3. Electricity Balancing Guideline – the legal mandate for the European TSOs
4. TSO view on flexibility services
5. Portuguese system trends
Flexibility in System Operation
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Portuguese system trends
What we already have:
• RES can continuously supply the national load for few days,
• Wind can continuously supply the national load for few hours,
• No CCGT and Coal continuously in the grid for few days,
• Pump Hydro Storage is 2.7 GW, enabling very high flexibility,
• There was no relevant curtailment of RES until now.
What is new:
• Solar PV in the wholesale market is the new trend,
• Solar PV must participate in the balancing market,
• All RES must participate in the Balancing market (after the end of FIT?!)
• Aggregators in the balancing market.
• 2019 – Regulator initiative – launch a pilot project to enable consumption
participation in the balancing market.