Download - Haberleşme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleşme
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
1/15
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
MAM@OI GMNB^@BDB
=.=. Ubdb` Lmvrmd`mr
=.=.=. Gmnbr`bdb
Ma`md` njr nj`ijaja lmr`l` m` vbrjjab gmnbr`bdb ebajr. Ublao`okjaja gz`m j`br`bdbsj, b`bltroajl dbeym,
atbrabt vb lmn`osuz j`btjjdja eb ymyia`mdmsy`m b`bltroajl hjgmz`mr`m gmnbr`bdb, iadzeb j`btjjd
lmvrmdam lrbsb` njr ma`md lmtd vb j`btjjdja nyl njr lsd mrtl b`bltroajl ortmdem ymp`r gm`b
ib`djtjr.
=.=.>. Gmnbr`bdb Xjstbdjaja Nm`hm B`bdma`mr
Ud gmnbr`bdb sjstbd`brj mmem nb`jrtj`ba b`bdma`mrm smgjptjr.
=.=.>.=. Vbrjhj
Iaebrj`bhbl nj`ijyj ortmdem j`btj`bhbl gm`b ibtjrba, ibrbl`j loe`mdm`mr vb luvvbt`baejrdbyj ympma
b`bltroajl ebvrb`brejr. Vbrjhj`brja ihab irb j`btjd ympmnj`ejl`brj dbsmfb`br ebjdbltbejr.
rabja< tb`sjz vbrjhj`brj >Y-633 Y, rmeyo vbrjhj`brj =333 Y-=3 LY, nmz jstmsyoa`mr >2 Y, hbp tb`bfoau 8
Y (nbl`bdbeb 233 dw) l ihab smgjptjr.
=.=.>.>. `btjd Ortmd
Vbrjhj tmrmfaema j`btjdb gmzr gm`b ibtjrj`ba sjaym`ja iaebrj`ejj ortmder. `btjd ortmd`mr l`mvuz`u
lmn`o`u) vbym l`mvuzsuz (lmn`osuz o`dml) o`dml zbrb jljyb myr`r.
L`mvuz`u j`btjd ortmd; Nmlr lmn`o, nld` lmn`o, lomlsjyb` lmn`o, fjnbr optjl lmn`o, djlroem`im
l`mvuzu ijnj lmn`o`u ortmd`mr jfmeb bebr. Vbrj j`btjjdj smebhb nu lmn`o`mra nm` o`euu hjgmz`mr
mrmsaem o`ur.
L`mvuzsuz j`btjd ortmd; Gmvm, su, no`ul ijnj eom` ortmd`mrer. Nu ortmd`mrem j`btj`ba vbrj uyiua m`h
hjgmz lu``ma`mrml rmeyo vb tb`bvjzyoa ymya`mraem o`euu ijnj gbrlbs tmrmfaema m`amnj`jr.
=.=.>.8. `btjd Ortmdaema Lmyaml`mama Nozu`dm`mr vb Ir`t
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
2/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
Doe`msyoa jaejsj vb yzebsj
Nj`ij sjaym` iba`jjaja tmyh sjaym` iba`jjab ormaam doe`msyoa jaejsj ebajr.
Doe`msyoa jaejsjaja =33 j`b mrp`dmsy`m doe`msyoa yzebsj b`eb bej`jr. Zmp`ma
doe`msyoaua jyj`jl ebrbhbsjaj istbrjr.
d Vd
Vh
4 (Nu ford` emgm ahbeb vbrj`ej) `l vbrj`ejj ybreb tbrjd`brjaj
ml`mym`d)
Ford`eb;
d ; Doe`msyoa jaejsj
Vd; Nj`ij iba`jj
Vh; Umyh iba`jj
Bbr d 1= jsb nozul njr iba`jl doe`msyoau
d 4 = % =33 iba`jl doe. (ebm` doe`msyoa)
3,2 0 d 0 = jyj njr doe`msyoa vmrer.
rabl; Doe`b bejhj sjaym` iba`jj 8V, tmyh iba`jj 5V o`ma doe`b`j njr sjaym`ja
doe`msyoa jaejsj vb doe`msyoa yzebsjaj gbsmp`myaz.
zd;
Vd 4 8 V
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
3/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
Vh 4 5 V
d 4 8 / 5 4 3,92
% d 4 3,92*=33 4%92
=.>.=.>. Doe`msyoa aeblsjaja Osj`oslop `b Nu`uadms
Osj`oslop j`b doe`msyoa jaejsjaj nu`dml jja< EXN (E.. X.. N) vbrjhjaja
matba l osj`oslonm nm`mamrml doe`b`j jmrbtja em`im bl`j osj`oslop blrmaaem b`eb
bej`jr. Mmemlj blj` b`eb bej`ejltba soarm Vdmx vb Vdja ``r.
Nmat ibaj`jj
mrbtja frblmas spbltruduaem jim` bttjj ybrb nmat ibaj`jj ebajr. Nmlm njr ebyj`b njr b`bltroajl ebvrbaja
m`t vbym ibjrejj frblmas n`ibsjaja ibaj`jj nmat ibaj`jj o`mrml jfmeb bej`jr.
jft yma nmat iba`jl doe`msyoauaem nmat ibaj`jj
jft yma nmat iba`jl doe`msyoauaem nmat ibaj`jj nj`ij jmrbtjaja frblmasaa> lmter. Nuaua abebaj
loauaua nmaem nmgsbttjjdjz m`t yma nmat vb st yma nmattr. NY4>fd bl`jaeb jfmeb bej`jr.
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
4/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
rabl;
h 4 =3 DGz, fd 4 2 lGz jsb Nmat ibaj`jj abejr?
zd;
NY4>fd NY4=3 lGz
rabl; Njr jft Zma Nmae (ZN) ID sjstbdjaeb mmem vbrj`ba ebbr`br lu``ma`dmltmer. Frblmas
pbltruduaem o`umhml o`ma frblmas`mra ebbr`brjaj vb iba`jl`brjaj nu`uauz, spbltrudu jzjajz. vb nmat
ibaj`jjaj nu`uauz.
Vd4=3V Vh4=3V fh4=33lGz fd4=lGz
jft Zma Nmat (EXN -Eun`b Xjeb Nmae ) iba`jl doe`msyoauaem i gbsmn
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
5/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
rabl;
Njr sbs sjaym`jaja dmtbdmtjlsb` jfmebsj Vd4=3sja>?8>33t ejr. Nu nj`ij jmrbtj dmtbdmtjlsb` jfmebsj
Vh4>3Xja>?833333t o`ma njr tmyhy doe`b btdbltb lu``ma`dmltmer.
m) Xbs sjaym`jaj jzjajz. n) Umyh sjaym`jaj jzjajz. h) Doe`b`j em`imy `bl`j jzjajz. e) Doe`msyoa jaejsjaj vb
doe`msyoa yzebsjaj nu`uauz. b) Frblmas spbltruduaem o`umhml frblmas vb iba`jl`brj jzjajz f) V4?
Doe`b`j jmrbtja dmtbdmtjlsb` ebal`bdjaj ymzaz.) i) Nu jmrbtja frblmas spbltruduaem jim` bttjj nmat
ibaj`jj abejr? NY4? g) Nu jmrbt bdpbemas 23 ? o`ma njr matba j`b ymya ymptr`rsm< Sh4? Smyn4? Syn4?
Stop`md4?
zd
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
6/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
7/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
=.>.>. Ubl Zma Nmat (XXN-Xjai`b Xjeb Nmae) Doe`msyoa
=.>.>.=. XXN Doe`msyoauaua B`eb Bej`dbsj
Iba`jl doe`msyoauaem ibrbl`j nmae ibaj`jjaj ymr ymrym erdbl jja, jmrbtja m`t yma nmat ym em st
yma nmaeaema smebhb njrjsjaja fj`trb yo`uy`m sbj`brbl iaebrj`dbsjy`b b`eb bej`jr. Rzml dbsmfb`brb nj`ij
iaebrdbl jja tbrhjg bej`jr.
=.>.>.>. XXN B`eb Btdb Dbtoe`mr
XXN sjaym`j b`eb btdbl jja tbdb`eb ebaib`j doe`mtr ebvrb`brj lu``ma`r. Ebaib`j Gm`lm Doe`mtr, FBU
Fjb`e Bffbht Urmasjstor)`j Susg-Su`` Ebaib`j Doe`mtr, Ebaib`j Lpr Doe`mtr, Batbirb Ebvrb`j Ebaib`j
Doe`mtr ebvrb`brj XXN sjaym`j b`eb btdbl jja lu``ma`ma doe`mtr`brejr. Mmem nua`mrema XXN b`eb
btdbeb lu``ma`ma yatbd`breba njrj o`ma jlj fj`trb lu``ma`ma njr XXN vbrjhj lsmhm ml`madmltmer.
=.>.>.8. lj Fj`trb Lu``mama XXN Vbrjhj
Ebaib`j doe`mtr vmstmsy`m iba`jl doe`b`j sjaym` b`eb bej`ejltba soarm mamgtmr`mdm ebvrbsj vb nmae
ibjrba fj`trb`br ymredy`m m`t yma nmat ym em st yma nmattma njr tmabsj sbj`jr.
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
8/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
=.>.>.5. XXN eb Nmat Ibaj`jj
NY4fd ejr. ( jft yma nmat` iba`jl doe`msyoauaua nmat ibaj`jjaja ymrser.)
=.8. Frblmas Doe`msyoau
=.8.=. Frblmas Doe`msyoa gtjymh
Zlsbl i` vbrjhj`breb sjaym`/ir`t ormaaa ol ll o`dms jstbajr. Zlsbl i` iba`jl doe`msyoa`u
vbrjhj`breb sjaym`/ir`t orma pron`bd ymrmtmhml lmemr nyl o`ur. Nu pron`bdeba lurtu`dml jja frblmas
doe`msyoau ib`jtjrj`djtjr. ID ebvrb`brjab irb FD ebvrb`brjaeb fmrl` o`mrml `jdjtbr ebvrb`brj, S@@ (Sgmsb
@ohlbe @oops) sbatbzr ebvrb`brj vb vuriu (bdpgmsjs) ebvrb`brj lu``ma`r. Frblmas doe`msyoauaem nj`ij
mrbtjaja iba`jjab irb tmyh jmrbtja frblmas ebjjr.
mam`oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
=.8.>. Frblmas Doe`msyoauaua sta`l`brj vb Xmlahm`mr
=.8.8. Frblmas Doe`msyoauaem Nmat Ibaj`jj
Frblmas doe`msyoauaem doe`b bejhj gbr sjaym` jja njr jft yma nmat o`uur. Nu em tborjl o`mrml frblmas
doe`msyoauaem soasuz smyem yma nmat o`udms ma`mdam ib`jr. rabja =3DGz.`jl tmyh sjaym` =33 LGz
jl njr sjaym``b frblmas doe`msyoauam tmnj tutu`ursm, =3=33-::33 LGz, =3>33-:733 LGz, =3833-:933 LGz
ijnj frblmas`mrem yma nmat sjaym``brj o`uur. Fmlmt frblmas ebjjdj mrttlm yma nmat sjaym``brjaja ih mzm`r.
Iba`jj, tmyh sjaym`ja iba`jjaja %=jaeba emgm el o`ma yma nmat`mr jgdm` bej`jr. Frblmas
doe`msyoauaem ortm`mdm 92 LGz. `jl nmat ibaj`jj lu``ma`r. Nu nmat ibaj`jjaja m`taem ymp`ma FD
ymya`mrm emr nmat FD, staeb ymp`ma ymya`mrm ibaj nmat` FD ebajr.
blj` =.=9eb njr FD sjaym`jaaja frblmas spbltrudu istbrj`djtjr.
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
9/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
Frblmas doe`msyoauaem nmat ibaj`jjaj nu`dml jja > ford` lu``ma`r.
abd`j yma nmat smys nb`jr`bajrlba gmrdoajl iba`jjab nml`r. Umyh iba`jjaja %= ormaam lmemr o`ma
gmrdoajl iba`jl`br m`ar. Ibrj lm`ma lsd m`admz. abd`j yma nmat smys nb`jr`bajrlba mmem vbrj`ba tmn`o
lu``ma`r. Umn`o tmyh iba`jj =Vo`t m`amrml aordm`jzb gm`b ibtjrj`djtjr.
Frblmas doe`msyoau tbdb` ford``brj
Umyh frblmasaa iba`jb nm` o`mrml ebjdbsjab tmyh sm`ad Hs ebajr.
Vd4 Nj`ij jmrbtjaja iba`jj L 4 = lGz / =V (Frblmas smpdm smnjtj) df 4 Doe`msyoa aejsj ?f 4 Frblmas
Xmpdms fd4 Nj`ij jmrbtjaja frblmas f h4 Umyh sjaym` frblmas o`dml zbrb3=5 =2;55;87T
=.8.5. S@@ Fmz Lj`jt`j Eai Fmz Ebebltr
Fmz ebebltr`brj, fd sbatbzr` vbrjhj`breb, fd m`h`mrem ebdoe`msyoa j`bdjaeb, uyeu tmljp ebvrb`brjaeb,
emr nmat lbslja fj`trb ebvrb`brjaeb lu``ma`r. Ubdb` o`mrml S@@ frblmas ibrj nbs`bdb`j njr lmpm` eai
loatro` sjstbdjejr. Njr fmz lmr`mtrh (frblmas lmt`myh), ibrj`jd loatro`` njr osj`mtr, m`ml ibjrba njr fj`trb
vb el lmzma` njr ylsb`tbtba o`uur. =:8> eba nbrj lu``ma`ma S@@ ebvrb`brj lmrdml ympem vb ylsbl
dm`jybt`jylba batbirb tblao`okjsjaja ib`jdbsjy`b emgm lu``ma` gm`b ib`dj`brejr.
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
11/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
Ryiu`mdmem Lu``ma`ma Nmz S@@ Batbirb`br
@D262 frod Amtjoam` (VHO sbrnbst sm`ad frblmas; 833 LGz eba 233 LGzb lmemr) @D262H frod Amtjoam`
VHO sbrnbst sm`ad frblmas; >23 LGz eba 233 LGzb lmemr) AB 263N frod Xjiabtjh (VHO sbrnbst sm`adrblmas; =2 DGz eba 83 DGzb lmemr) AB 265 frod Xjiabtjh (VHO sbrnbst sm`ad frblmas; 52 DGz eba 23
DGzb lmemr) 95GH/GHU5356M /9356M (Sgj`jps Gjig spbbe HDOX nmsbe =9 DGz b lmemr)
mrbt [myf`mdms (Mttbaumtjoa); `btjjd dbsmfbsj mrttlm sjaym` zmyf`mr vb m`hym ybtbr`j babrkj
u`mdmymnj`jr.
mrbt ejstorsjyoau; Ortmd zbrjaeb j`br`byba sjaym`ja jbrejj fmrl` frblmas`mra fmrl` zmyf`mdm`mr`m
gbebfb u`mdmser. Nu eurudem nj`ij m`hym tmd vb eoru o`mrml u`mdmymnj`jr. Vbrjeb nozu`dm`mr
o`mnj`jr.
Ibhjldb ejstorsjyoau (ejspbrsjyoa) nozu`dms; Xjaym`j o`uturma fmrl` frblmas`mra vbym fjnbr optjl
lmn`o jjaeblj l a`mraa fmrl` yo``mr tmljp btdbsj sbnbnjy`b gbebfb fmrl` zmdma`mrem vmrdmsaa
soauhu o`mrml jmrbt bl`jaja ebjdbsjejr.
=. NY 4 > *fd* abd`j nmat smys (Umn o lurm`)
>. NY 4 >* (?f + fd) (HM^XOA Lurm`)
Ir`t; Iaebrj`ba ms` sjaym`j nozma vb sjstbdb jstbd e emgj` o`ma gbrgmaij njr babrkjejr.Iab , f`orbsma `mdnm, dotor mtb`bdb sjstbd`brj njrbr ir`t lmyamer. Ir`t (nozuhu
btlj`br) bjt`brj u blj`eb srm`mamnj`jr;
Jatbrfbrbahb (ijrjjd-pmrmzjt); stbadbyba sjaym``br sjstbdjdjzb ijrbrbl sjaym`jdjzeb
nozuhu btlj dbyemam ibtjrbnj`jr`br. stbadbyba sjaym``brja sjstbdb ijrbrbl sjaym`j
nozdmsam jatbrfbrbahb ebajr. Jatbrfbrbahb btljsjaeba lurtu`dml jja jstbadbyba sjaym`
lmyaml`mr sjstbd eba uzml`mtr`r.
Ubrdm` (s`) Ir`t; Ebvrbyj o`uturma< ejrba, trmasjstr vn. b`bdma`mrem nu`uama
sbrnbst b`bltroa`mr ortmd shml` abebajy`b ir`t o`uturmnj`jr. Nu bjt ir`t< tbrdm`
ir`t, nbymz ir`t ym em Kogasoa ir`ts o`mrml jsjd`baejrj`jr. Ir`t tmrmfaema
o`uturu`ma i Kogasoa i ford` j`b jfmeb bej`jr.
Jatbrdoeu`mtjoas (mrmljp`bdb); Xjaym``br gmrdoajl frblmas`mra top`mdaema o`uur. = LGz`jl njr
lmrb em`im, =LGz, 8LGz, 2LGz, 9LGz.ijnj soasuz smyem sjasojem` tbl gmrdoajl frblmas`mra
top`mdaema o`uur. lj tmab fmrl` lmrb em`im sjaym` njr`jltb ylsb`tj`ejl`brjaeb nu frblmas`mragmrdoajl`brj eb nbrmnbr ylsb`tj`jr`br. Zlsb`tj`ba nu gmrdoajl`br jjaeb ybr m`ma > gmrdoajl
frblmasa njrnjrjab lmrdms, jatbrdoe`msyoa ir`ts dbyemam ibtjrjr.
Hrosstm`l (mprmz loaudm); Mya l`f jbrjsjaeb yma ymam nu`uama lmn`o`mremlj sjaym``brja
njrnjrjab btlj btdb`brjejr. Hrosstm`l btljsjaeba lurtu`dml jja lmn`o`mr nld` ymp`r.
Xgot ir`ts; Xgot ir`tsab trmasjstr ir`ts eb ebajr. Njr ejyot jjaeblj emrnb
ir`ts mmemlj ford` j`b istbrj`jr.
Emrnb Ir`ts; m`dm mrt`mram nm` o`mrml ortmym lma btlj`brejr. B`bltrjl dotor`mraa,
mtb`bdb sjstbd`brjaja, b`bltrodblmajl r`b`brja rbttjl`brj ir`t`br, j`btj`ba vbrj zbrjaeb
nozuhu btlj ympmnj`jr.
Ir`t j`b j`ij`j ford``br
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
12/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
=.=.>.5. M`h
Vbrjhj tmrmfaema loe`mad o`mrml iaebrj`ba sjaym`ja loeuau zbrbl nj`ij sjaym`jaj orjkjam` gm`jab
eatrba b`bltroajl ebvrb`brejr.
=.=.8. Frblmas, Sbrjyot vb Em`im Noyu
=.=.8.=. Frblmas
mrbtja = smajybeblj tblrmr`mdm (hyh`b-smyl`) smyser. Njrjdj Gbrtzejr
=.=.8.>. Sbrjyot
mrbtja njr smyl`a tmdmd`mdm srbsjejr. Njrjdj smajybejr. Frblmasa tbrsjejr. Mmemlj ford` j`b
gbsmp`mar
=.=.8.8. Em`im Noyu
Njr jmrbtja = smyl`aa m`e yo`m em`im noyu ebajr. ? Xjdibsj j`b istbrj`jr. Njrjdj dbtrbejr.
=.=.5. Doe`msyoa
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
13/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
Nj`ij jmrbtjaja ibab``jl`b emgm uzml dbsmfb`brb iaebrj`bnj`dbsj jja lbaejaeba ol emgm ylsbl
frblmas` njr tmyhaa sjaym` zbrjab njaejrj`dbsjab doe`msyoa ebajr. Doe`msyoa j`bdj srmsaem
tmyh sjaym`ja iba`jl, frblmas, fmz vn. ijnj zb``jl`brj, nj`ij sjaym`jab vb ymp`ma doe`msyoaua trab
irb ebjjdb urmr.
=.=.2. Doe`msyoaua Ibrbl`j`jj
Nj`ij jmrbtjaj iaebrdbl jja ibrbl`j matba noyu, em`im noyuaua lmt`mr o`dml zoruaemer. Matba
noy`mr ibab``jl`b ?/> vb ?/5 uzua`ultmer. Nj`ij jmrbtjaja frblmas el o`euuaema em`im noy`mr ol
nyltr. Eo`mysy`m nj`ij jmrbtjaj doe`bsjz o`mrml j`btbnj`dbl jja lu``ma`mhml matba noy`mr em ol
nyl o`dml zoruaemer. ou zmdma nu nyl`ltb matba lu``madml jdlaszer. Gm`nulj nj`ij sjaym`jlbaejaeba ol ylsbl frblmas` njr tmyh sjaym` j`b doe`b bej`ejjaeb nj`ij ol emgm ll noyut`u
matba`br vmstmsy`m iaebrj`bnj`jr. Nuau y`b njr rabl`b ml`mym`d; >3 LGz `jl ymaj
=.=.6. Doe`msyoa bjt`brj
Doe`msyoa tbdb` o`mrml mam`oi doe`msyoa vb smysm` doe`msyoa o`mrml jljyb myr`r. Mam`oi vb
smysm` doe`msyoaua em lbaej jjaeb bjt`j tr`brj vmrer. Fmrl` doe`msyoa tr`brj mmemlj tmn`oem
nb`jrtj`djtjr.
Nu tmn`oem. Iba`jl Doe`msyoau
=.>.=. jft Zma Nmat Iba`jl Doe`msyoau Umad
Umyh jmrbtja iba`jjaja nj`ij jmrbtjab irb ebjtjrj`ejj doe`msyoa trab iba`jl doe`msyoau
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
14/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
//www.nutuasjamv`mr.hod/mam`oi-gmnbr`bsdb-ebrs-aot`mrj.gtd`\8=.37.>3=5 =2;55;87T
ebajr. Doe`msyoa j`bdj srmsaem nj`ij sjaym`jaeb ybr m`ma nta frblmas`mr st vb m`t yma nmat`mr
o`mrml b`eb bej`jr. blj` =.=eb 83Gz j`b 83LGz mrmsaemlj nj`ij sjaym`jaja = DGz `jl njr tmyh sjaym`j j`b
doe`msyoau soauhu o`uma m`t vb st yma nmat`mr ir`dbltbejr. Vbrjaja j`btj`dbsj srmsaem m`t vb
st yma nmat`mra gbr jljsjaja eb lu``ma`e iba`jl doe`msyoauam jft yma nmat iba`jl doe`msyoau
ebajr.
=.>.=.=. jft Zma Nmat Iba`jl Doe`msyoau B`eb Bej`dbsj
Iba`jl doe`msyoau rbtdbltb lu``ma`ma ebvrbyb doe`mtr ebajr. Doe`mtr tmyh sjaym` j`b nj`ij
sjaym`jaj uyiua blj`eb njr`btjrbrbl doe`b`j sjaym`j o`uturur.
Nj`ij mrbtj
Nj`ij jmrbtj ms` iaebrj`dbl jstbaba el frblmas` jmrbttjr. (Xbs nmae jja fd48LGz `jl njr jmrbttjr)
Umyh jmrbt
Umyh jmrbt ylsbl frblmas` sjas ym em losjas jmrbtjejr.
Doe`b`j jmrbt; Nj`ij jmrbtjy`b tmyh jmrbtja njr`btjrj`dj gm`jejr.
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod
-
8/10/2019 Haberleme Sistemleri - Analog Haberleme
15/15
oi gmnbr`bdb ebrs aot`mr
Doe`b`j jmrbtja mam`jzj
Doe`b`j jmrbt zmrf; Doe`b`j sjaym`ja pozjtjf vb abimtjf tbpb ebbr`brj zbrjaeba jzj`bhbl gmt
doe`b bejhj sjaym`b ymaj nj`ij sjaym`jab zebtjr. tb nu tbpb aoltm`mraema ibba gmttm zmrf
ebajr. Mmemlj blj`eb doe`b`j sjaym`ja pozjtjf vb abimtjf zmrf`mr ir`dbltbejr. Sozjtjf vb
abimtjf zmrf`mr zmdma blsbajab irb njrnjrjaja sjdbtrjjejr.
Iba`jl doe`msyoauaua dmtbdmtjlsb` jfmebsj
sta`l`brj
Xjaym` zbrjab njaba ir`t sbvjybsj lbsj`bnj`ejj jja sbs lm`jtbsj ylsbltjr
Frblmas doe`msyoauaua ir`t nml` iba`jl doe`msyoauaema emgm jyjejr.
FD ja ymlm`mdm btljsj vmrer. Nu btljeba eo`my jstbadbyba sjaym``brj lo`my`l`m yol
bebnj`jr. Mya frblmastmlj jlj sjaym`eba gmaijsjaja l ih fmz`m jsb o sjaym`ja m`h
tmrmfaema m`admsam ymlm`mdm btljsj (Hmpturb) ebajr.
S@@ sbatbzr ebvrb`brj lu``marXmlahm`mr
FD ol nyl nmat ibaj`jj lu``mar
FD ebvrb`brj emgm pmgm`er.
Fmz lmr`mtrh; mrph ebvrbejr. Gmrjhj sjaym` vb VHOaua rbttjj sjaym`ja frblmas`mra mrpmr.
Ijrjjaeblj jlj jmrbt mrmsaemlj frblmas fmrl ym em fmz fmrlam ormat` o`mrml laem EH ibrj`jd
rbtjr.
VHO; (Vo`tmib hoatro``be Oshj``mtor) Ibrj`jd nbs`bdb`j o`mrml lmrmr` frblmas rbtba njr
osj`mtrer. Fj`trb laemlj EH vo`tmkm irb VHOaua rbttjj sjaym`ja frblmas ebbrj ebjjr.
M`ml ibjrba fj`trb; mrph ebvrb laemlj top`md vb fmrl frblmas`mraema fmrl frblmas jbrba
nj`bbaj ibjrjr.
ww
w.bbdeb
rsaot`mrj.hod