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PlayStation 3Parallel Computing
Ido Tov & Matan Raveh
Parallel Processing (361-1-3621)January 2014
Electrical and Computer Engineering DPT.Ben-Gurion University
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Introduction
Early 2000’s – Iraqi government bought 1000’s of PS2 NCSA (National Center for
Supercomputing Applications) built an 8 and a 32 node PS2 cluster.
Following the PlayStation 3 release: 2007 – NC State Uni. 2007 – Dartmouth Uni. (“Gravity Grid”) 2010 – USAF Research Lab for satellite
imagery (500 TFLOPS, 1760 units)
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STI Cell Microprocessor
Developed by Sony, Toshiba and IBMOriginally developed for highperformance applications.
Each Cell Chip has: One PowerPC core(PPE) 8 compute cores (SPEs) On-chip Memory controller On-chip I/O On-chip network to connect them all
A PS3 has: 1 Cell Chips (6 usable SPEs) 256MB of XDR DRAM Memory Gigabit Ethernet
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PS3 Cell Microprocessor
Power Processing Element (PPE)
Synergistic Processing Element (SPE)
Element Interconnection Bus (EIB)
Memory System
Network Card & Graphics Card
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PS3 Cell Microprocessor
Power Processing Element (PPE) The PPE is a 64 bit, "POWER Architecture“
(Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC)
Synergistic Processing Elements (SPE) An SPE is a self contained vector processor (SIMD)
which acts as a co-processor
Each SPE consists of: 128 x 128 register Local Store (SRAM) DMA unit FP, LD/ST, Permute, Branch Unit (each pipelined)
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PlayStation 3 Cluster
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PlayStation 3 Cluster
Parallel processing on the PS3 was enabled with the Terra Soft Solutions version of “Yellow Dog” Linux for the PlayStation 3 (2007).
This gave us the ability to work with parallel processing programing tools such as OpenMPI (for use with cluster).
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Applications
Bruteforce MD5 (single PS3 cell) “Gravity Grid” – 2007 by Dr. Khanna,
made for simulating black hole’s gravity. “Folding@Home” – joined research by
Sony and Stanford Uni. for protein folding diseases (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's)
Performing the SUMMA algorithm (matrix multiplication)
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Advantages and Limitations
Pricing:▪ 200GF server ~ 6000$▪ 150GF PS3 unit ~ 300$
Use of Cell Chip technology Ease of use – hardware and
software (Linux and OpenMPI) installation
Advantages
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Advantages and Limitations
Main memory size: 256MB only (288MB optimal by SUMMA)
Main memory speed / access rate: causing 12.5% efficiency
Gigabit Ethernet – BOTTLENECK (compared to Cell speed)
Double Precision speed slower by factor of 14 than Single Precision
Programming Paradigm
Limitations
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Sad Ending…
On March 28th 2010, Sony announced they’re disabling the ability to run other operating systems on Ps3
consoles – eliminating the option of installing Linux OS on PS consoles….
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Sources
“PlayStation 3 Cluster” - Wikipedia.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayStation_3_cluster
SCOP3 - A Rough Guide to Scientific Computing On the PlayStation 3 (Buttari, Luszczek, Kurzak, Dongarra, Bosilca, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 2007) -http://www.netlib.org/utk/people/JackDongarra/PAPERS/scop3.pdf
Beyond Gaming: Programming the PS3 Cell Architecture for Cost-Effective Parallel Processing (Rabbah, IBM Watson Center, Austria 2007)
http://impact.asu.edu/cse520fa07/lec19-PS3-cell-tutorial.pdf