Download - Introduction to CNC
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Computerized Numerical Control Machining (CNC)
Introduction to CNC Machining
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Objectives
To familiarize the students with Detail CNC machines terminologies CNC Machine types CNC Machine Parts Tool and Job Holding Machining setup
Lecture will be coupled with Lecture Slides, Videos, Instructors instructions and practical demonstration.
The knowledge will be review with online quiz
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Topics Discussed
Introduction to CNC Brief History Safety CNC System and its Components CNC Machines (Milling and Turning in detail) Machining tools (Milling and Turning) Machining Setup
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
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DEFINITION
A machine tool that uses programs to automatically execute a series of machining operations. (http://www.toolingu.com/definition-900130-12155-cnc-machine.html)
The CNC term refers to a large group of these machines that utilize computer logic to control movements and perform the metalworking. (http://www.cncinformation.com/CNC-info-CNC-information-CNC-general-info/CNC-machine-tool)
CNC machines offer increased productivity and flexibility
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
HistoryYears HistoryLate 1940s and early 1950s The modern CNC machine design grew out of the work of John T.
Parsons. After World War II, Parsons was involved in the manufacture of helicopter rotor blades
1949 and 1952 US Air Force commissioned MIT to develop the first "numerically controlled" machine in 1949. It was demonstrated in 1952.
1956 The first NC in the Japanese private sector was developed successfully
By the 1960s The price and complexity of (NC) automated machines had been reduced to the point where they found applications in other industries.
1968 HEIDENHAIN Germany developed bidirectional counter for one axis1970-1972 First Computer Numeric Control machines were developed.1972 FUJITSU FANUC LTD was founded and became independent from
FUJITSU LIMITED. CNC was introduced. NC drill was developed2011 HEIDENHAIN Germany developed TNC 640 contouring control for
combined milling and turning operations
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
1959 CNC Machine: Milwaukee-Matic-II was first machine with a tool changerhttp://www.cnccookbook.com/CCCNCMachine.htm
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Safety
CNC machines are fully automated systems so follow the safety
Check program on CAM software before running on machine
Wear Safety Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Always run program first time in Single step mode Use recommended feed speed of the tool related to
material
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
CNC Control System
Controller- Interface- CPU- Motion control
system
Spindle motor Drive
Servo motor Drive
Servo motorSpindle motor
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
CNC System
Source : http://www.cncroutersource.com/breakout-boards.html
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
CNC System
Source : http://www.centroidcnc.com/fanuc_retrofit.html
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil SheikhSource : http://www.burger-web.com/ProductDescription/AKKON_USB_CONTROLLER_BOARD/Images/AKKON_CNC_CONTROLLER_Concept.png
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Drives and Motors
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Controller
Heidenhain Controllerhttp://www.heidenhain.us/Images/pr_images/TNC620_frontal_en.jpg
Mitsubishi Controllerhttp://wwwf8.mitsubishielectric.co.jp/cnc/english/product/cnc_m700/image04_05.html
Fanuc Controller :http://news.thomasnet.com/fullstory/CNC-Controls-aid-high-precision-nano-machining-833666
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Structure of Servo Motor
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Structure of Stepper Motor
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Hand Wheel MPG
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Ball Screw
Lead Screw vs. Ball Screw Technology
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Most Commonly used CNC Machines
CNC Milling M/C
CNC Turning M/CCNC Wire EDM
CNC Die Sink EDM
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
CNC Vertical Milling Machine
http://www.glacern.com/index.php?page=video_index&video=1&video_name=crash_course_mill_01
Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Milling is the most common form of CNC. CNC mills can perform the functions of drilling and often turning. CNC Mills are classified according to the number of axes that they possess. Axes are labeled as x and y for horizontal movement, and z for vertical movement
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Structure
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Structure
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Types of CNC VMC
Knee Type Bed Type
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
CNC Horizontal Milling Machine
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Auto Tool Changer
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Types of Milling ATC
Carousal ATCwww.tormach.com
Arm Type ATChttp://www.cdsindexers.com/cnc-machine-tool-products/cu-series.html#!prettyPhoto[mixed]/0/
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
ATC
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Lathe ATC
http://www.helmancnc.com/cnc-lathe-tool-turret-introduction-for-beginners-level-cnc-machinists/
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Tool Holder
Spindle Taper Types (20-30-40-50-60)
http://www.glacern.com/index.php?page=video_index&video=1&video_name=crash_course_mill_06
R-8 NT-40 CAT-40 BT-40
Pull Studs
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
High Speed Tool Holders
A type of toolholder with a short, hollow taper thatcontacts the spindle on two surfaces. HSK toolholdersprovide improved rigidity during HSM operations
HSK toolholders
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Job Clamping on VMC
http://www.glacern.com/index.php?page=video_index&video=1&video_name=crash_course_mill_04
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Milling Tools
Selection of End Milling tools
Flat End Mill CuttersFor Roughing, Semi
Roughing and finishingHigh and Low depth of cut
Ball Nose End MillFor Finishing
Low depth of cut
Bull Nose End MillFor Semi Roughing and
finishing. Low depth of cut
Face Mill
No radius on corner
Round Corners
Radius on Corners
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
CNC Milling Operations
Basic CNC milling Operations Drilling Tapping and Boring High Speed Milling Internal and External Threading Multi Axis Machining
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
High Speed Machining
(HSM) means using cutting speeds that are significantly higher than those used in conventional machining operations
Spindle RPM range 20000 ~ 40000 RPM High speed: 600-1,800 m/min, Very high speed: 1,800-18,000 m/min, Ultra high speed: >18,000 m/min.
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
CNC Turning Operations
Turning Operation Production operations (Tuning and milling
Simultaneously)
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Turning Tools
Chip Breaker
Tool HolderCutting Insert
Turning Insert Nomenclature
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Starting up CNC Machine
Homing (Milling, Turning) Job Setting on Machine
Mechanical, electronic and 3D Edge finder
Z-Height Tool Setter
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M.E 407 Lab LecturesPrepared by Mr. Hassan Iqbal & Dr. Anwar Khalil Sheikh
Start Quiz