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ASSIGNMENT FOR KKKT 6163 MULTIMEDIA
COMMUNICATIONS
APPLICATION FOR NEXT GENERATION MOBILE DEVICE
Prepared by
Muhammad Ridza Bin Mohamad Fauzi P44938
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC & SYSTEMS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & BUILT ENVIRONMENT
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA
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OUTLINE
Introduction
- Challenges
- Mobile Ecosystem
Location Based Services- Components of LBS
- LBS and Its Applications
- LBS Architecture in Cellular Network
- Limitations of LBS
References
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NEXT GENERATION MOBILE APPLICATION
From mobile telephony experience to mobile computing experience
1850 1870 1900 1980 1990 2000 2005 2010
1876 - The
birth of the
telephone
1876
Gugliemo
Marconi invents
the radio
1876 James
Fergursson discovers
the twisted-nematic
LCD.
1980 Motorola
presents the first
portable radio -
"DynaTAC.
2000 Sharp releases
the first camera phone -
J-SH04.
2000 Samsung
develops the
world's first TV
phone - SCH-
M220.
2001 The debutof iPod
2007 Apple
introduced iPhone
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ARE WE THERE YET?
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How it is possible?
Newer programming techniques such as Asynchoronus JavaScript Technology and XML
(AJAX), Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld (DVB-H), J2ME resulting to more
interactive application to exist.
MOBILE APPLICATION TODAY
*source : www.mobverge.blogspot.com
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CHALLENGES IN MOBILE APPLICATION BUSINESS
Mobile operators & Equipment Providers
No hurry to change They have been successful in making a lot of moneywith voice and texting services and they control the technology and networks.
They have become institutionalised in their way of thinking about technology
equipment-centric ( networks, protocols & devices ) dominates the thinking
rather than application-centric ( social networks, blogs )
However, mobile business has evolved from traditional service to ubiquitous
service.
Operator 'old world' view Operator 'new world' view*source : P. Golding, Next Generation Wireless Applications, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2008.
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ARCHITECTURE OF MOBILE ECOSYSTEM
Mobile application
paradigms:
1. Client server
2. peer to peer
3. standalone
*source : P. Golding, Next Generation Wireless Applications, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2008.
Figure : Mobile Applications Ecosystem
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ARCHITECTURE OF MOBILE ECOSYSTEM
Next generation mobile application is underpinned by a huge variety of
technologies, protocols and standards
Social Network
- user themselves can be content providers.
- form their own modes of communication and find new ways of socialising andsocial groups such Facebook, MySpace and Twitter.
Device Network
- provides primary user interface to the mobile services
- enable devices to network directly with each other in personal area networks
(PAN) or via wide area networks (WAN).
- www.google.com/latitude - a location based social networking application.
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RF Network
- enable device network to interact with other networks (eg. GSM, Bluetooth,
WIMAX)
- Mobility Management - manage mobility by keeping track of which cell each
mobile device occupies at any given moment
IP Network
- connect the mobile device to the world of information via internet or using its
protocols (eg HTTP, WAP)
- example of application : Instant Messaging (IM)
Content Network- enable various type of mobile devices to retrieve different content types
emanating from wide varieties of feeds and sources.
- example of application : Youtube Mobile Application
ARCHITECTURE OF MOBILE ECOSYSTEM
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MOBILE APPLICATIONS AND THE INTERNET
The internet- a universally accessible network of information, people and machines
- it represents a significant part of the future of mobile services
Why?
- most of the content on the internet is free
Requirements
- Mobile browsers are optimized so as to display web content most effectively for
small screens on mobile devices
- The application must be small and efficient to accommodate the low memory
capacity and low bandwidth of mobile devices.
Today, newer mobile browser have the same capabilities as to browser in
PC to displays pages written in HTML, XHTML, CSS, WML etc.
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MOBILE APPLICATIONS AND THE INTERNET
*source : en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mobile_Web_Standards_Evolution_Vector.svg
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Each dot represents a download of a music called The Slip by Nine Inch Nails within that
specific geographic region
*source : www.nin.com
MOBILE APPLICATIONS AND THE INTERNET
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LOCATION BASED SERVICES (LBS)
Definition 1 :
LBSs are information services accessible with mobile devices through themobile network andutilizing the ability to make use of the location of the mobile
device. (Virrantaus et al. 2001)
Definition 2 :
A wireless-IP service that uses geographic information to serve a mobile user.
Any application service that exploits the position of a mobileterminal.(OpenGeospatial Consortium, 2005)
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Where am I?
- at the edge or center of each cell or sector in a cellular network, there is a
base station.
- mobile management function of a cellular network constantly keeps track of
mobiles that are switched on.
- if we know which base station a mobile is currently camped on, then we know
its rough location with respect to its proximity to the serving base station.
LOCATION BASED SERVICES (LBS)
*source : P. Golding, Next Generation Wireless Applications, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2008.
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BASIC COMPONENTS OF LBS
*source : www.geo.unizh.ch/publications/cartouche/lbs_lecturenotes_steinigeretal2006.pdf]
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Mobile Devices
- A tool for the user to request the needed information. The results can begiven by speech, using pictures, text etc.
Communication Network
- Transfers the user data and service request from mobile terminal to service
provider
Positioning Equipment
- The user position can be obtained either by using the mobile communication
network or by using the Global Positioning System (GPS).
Service and Application Provider
- The service provider offers a number of different services to the user and is
responsible for the service request processing
Data and Content Provider
- geographic base data and location information data will be usually requested
from the maintaining authority (e.g. mapping agencies) or business and
industry partners (e.g. yellow pages, traffic companies)
BASIC COMPONENTS OF LBS
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In Q1 2008, 43% of all downloads on mobile phones globallywere for LBS Services.
2008 Global Start-up Map
LOCATION BASED SERVICES (LBS)
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Concept & Features of LBS
Presence + Location + Context
Focus on Youth Market & Messaging
Automated Location of User & Message Ping
Deals with Content Partners
Monetisation through Sponsored Local Search
LOCATION BASED SERVICES (LBS)
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With the ability to determine the location of mobile known, all kinds ofapplications and services become possible.
*source : http://www.geo.unizh.ch/publications/cartouche/lbs_lecturenotes_steinigeretal2006.pdf
LOCATION BASED SERVICES (LBS)
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*source : www.google.com/latitude
Figure: Google Latitude : An example of location based service application.
Buddy Finding
Once we have a location-finding system in the mobile network, then the subscribers
can be placed on a map.
LBS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
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- There are variety of ways
that the application might
operate ( example : If the
child strays from the zone,
they could be warned of
their erring, giving them
chance (time limit) to
return to the zone before
the parents get notified.
Child Minding
If the child leaves the zone, parents will be notified by sending text message.
LBS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
*source : P. Golding, Next Generation Wireless Applications, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2008.
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Panoramio
- By integrating Panoramio and LBS, mobile users can discover photos that aretaken in the area.
- IPL Connect currently developing this idea for its LBS application.
*source : www.IRLconnect com
LBS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
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Mobile Social Network- Mobile users can locate their Facebook and Twitter contacts on a map and
interact with them on the social network from the map interface.
*source : www.irlconnect.com
LBS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
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LBS ARCHITECTURE IN THE CELLULAR NETWORK
*source : P. Golding, Next Generation Wireless Applications, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2008.
Figure : Location-based services architecture in the cellular network
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LBS ARCHITECTURE IN THE CELLULAR NETWORK
Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC) gathering actual location
measurements from devices and for the presentation of this information in a
useful and agreeable form to the higher entities in the network.
Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC) Provide main interface with outside
world and makes location information available in terms of subscriber ID
Home Location Register (HLR) stores user information that enables device ID
to be associated with user ID.
- In cellular network, a phone number does not identify a device, but an
International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) does. Therefore, when asking for a
mobile's location, an application probably expects to enquire using a phonenumber and so translation needs to take place to the IMSI.
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LIMITATIONS OF LBS
- Most of them have small computing and memory resources which restricts
spatial search calculations, routing operations and the creation of a user
specific mobile map.
- battery power, small displays and weather influences on usability (sun makes
things showed on a display hardly visible).
- there is still a lack on broadband access to communication networks in terms
of sending and receiving data.
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REFERENCES
[1] P. Golding, Next Generation Wireless Applications, England: JohnWiley & Sons Ltd, 2008.
[2] Wikipedia, Mobile Browser, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Mobile_browser, 2010, [ viewed 7/3/2010 ].
[3] Wikipedia, Location-Based Service, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Location-based_service, 2010, [ viewed 8/3/2010 ].
[3] R. Ferraro, Ric Ferraro's Blog, http://www.mobverge.blogspot.com,
2010, [ viewed 8/3/2010 ].
[4] S. Steiniger, M. Neun, and Alistair Edwardes, Foundations of
Location Based Services, http://www.geo.unizh.ch/publications/
cartouche/lbs_lecturenotes_steinigeretal2006.pdf, 2010, [
viewed 8/3/2010 ].
http://www.geo.unizh.ch/publications/http://www.geo.unizh.ch/publications/