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PERANCANGAN SIGNAGE MUSEUM PUSAT TNI AU
DIRGANTARA MANDALA
Tugas Akhir
Ditulis sebagai syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Desain (S.Ds.)
Nama : Anastasia Cynara S
NIM : 00000010183
Program Studi : Desain Komunikasi Visual
Fakultas : Seni & Desain
UNIVERSITAS MULTIMEDIA NUSANTARA
TANGERANG
2019
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN TIDAK MELAKUKAN PLAGIAT
Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:
Nama : Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika
NIM : 00000010183
Program Studi : Desain Komunikasi Visual
Fakultas : Seni & Desain
Universitas Multimedia Nusantara
Judul Tugas Akhir :
PERANCANGAN SIGNAGE MUSEUM PUSAT TNI AU DIRGANTARA
MANDALA
dengan ini menyatakan bahwa, laporan dan karya tugas akhir ini adalah asli dan
belum pernah diajukan untuk mendapatkan gelar sarjana, baik di Universitas
Multimedia Nusantara maupun di perguruan tinggi lainnya.
Karya tulis ini bukan saduran/terjemahan, murni gagasan, rumusan dan
pelaksanan penelitian/implementasi saya sendiri, tanpa bantuan pihak lain, kecuali
arahan pembimbing akademik dan narasumber.
Demikian surat Pernyataan Originalitas ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya,
apabila di kemudian hari terdapat penyimpangan serta ketidakbenaran dalam
pernyataan ini, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi akademik berupa pencabutan
gelar (S.Ds.) yang telah diperoleh, serta sanksi lainnya sesuai dengan norma yang
berlaku di Universitas Multimedia Nusantara.
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
iv
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji dan syukur saya haturkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, atas rahmat dan
kasihNya, penulis disertai selalu dalam proses menulis Tugas Akhir yang berjudul
“Perancangan Signage Museum Dirgantara Mandala”. Penulis memilih
mengajukan topik ini sebagai Tugas Akhir dikarena ketertarikan personal terhadap
TNI Angkatan Udara. Melihat adanya permasalahan di dalam Museum Dirgantara
Mandala dalam menyampaikan informasi dan navigasi kepada pengunjung. Topik
ini membahas pentingnya media pernyampaian informasi dalam tersampainya
informasi dengan baik kepada audience. Dalam mengunjungi sebuah tempat
bersejarah sangat diharapkan mendapatkan informasi yang benar dan mudah
dipahami.
Diharapkan dengan Tugas Akhir ini penulis dapat membantu dalam
menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada di Museum Dirgantara Mandala.
Perancangan signage ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah navigasi dan alur
pengunjung museum. Penulis mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya
kepada seluruh pihak yang telah berpartisipasi dalam proses pembuatan Tugas
Akhir.
Dengan proses perancangan tugas akhir ini, penulis mendapatkan banyak
dukungan, bantuan dan pengetahuan dari berbagai pihak. Maka itu penulis
mengucapkan banyak terima kasih kepada:
1. Mohammad Rizaldi, S.T, M.Ds. selaku Kaprodi Desain Komunikasi
Visual Universitas Multimedia Nusantara.
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
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ABSTRAK
Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala telah berdiri sejak 21 April 1967 adalah wadah bagi peninggalan sejarah dan media komunikasi nilai-nilai perjuangan. Sebagai sarana wisata dan media edukasi bagi generasi sekarang dan seterusnya. Dengan perkembangan dari saat berdiri museum saat ini memiliki luas 4,2 hektar ini memiliki 3.275 dan tujuh ruangan utama. Namun media komunikasi yang tersedia sangat minim sehingga mengurangi kenyamanan pengunjung. Museum belum menunjang dalam hal navigasi untuk membantu pengunjung. Perancangan signage dibutuhkan sebagai penyelesaian dari permasalahan tersebut. Merancang signage untuk Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala sebagai media dukungan bagi pengunjung saat berada di area museum. Dalam perancangan berpadu pada Environmental Graphic Design dan penerpannya dalam desain signage. Observasi dan wawancara dilakukan guna mengumpulkan informasi agar perancangan signage sesuai target dan kebutuhan museum. Penelitian di lapangan secara langsung dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui permasalahan yang ada. Memperhatikan suasana dan ambience lingkungan museum memberikan informasi bagaimana sebaiknya signage dirancang. Merancang signage untuk membantu pengunjung Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala.
Kata kunci: museum, signage, edukasi, wisata, pengunjung
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
vii
ABSTRACT
Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala has been established since April 21, 1967. It is a place for historical heritage and communication media for the values of the Indonesian hero fights. As a tourist facility and educational media for the current generation and so on. With the development from the time of its establishment the museum currently has an area of 4.2 hectares which has 3,275 and seven main rooms. However, the communication media available is very minimal, there by reducing the convenience of visitors. The museum has not supported in terms of navigation to help visitors. Signage design is needed as a solution to problems. Designing signage for the Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala as a information media of support for visitors while in the museum area. In the design combined in Environmental Graphic Design and its implementation in signage design. Observations and interviews were conducted to gather information so that the signage design was according to the target and needs of the museum. Research in the field is directly carried out with the aim of knowing the problems that really exist. Paying attention to the atmosphere and ambience of the museum environment provides information on how signage should be designed. Designing signage to help visitors to the Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala. Keywords: museum, signage, education, excursion, visitor
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
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DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN TIDAK MELAKUKAN PLAGIAT ...................... I
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR ............................................... III
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ IV
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... VI
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... VII
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... VIII
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... XI
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1
Latar Belakang ......................................................................................... 1
Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................... 4
Batasan Masalah ...................................................................................... 4
Tujuan Tugas Akhir ................................................................................. 5
Manfaat Tugas Akhir ............................................................................... 5
Metodologi Penelitian .............................................................................. 6
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ........................................................................... 7
Museum ................................................................................................... 7
Kategori Museum ........................................................................ 7
Desain Informasi ...................................................................................... 9
Papan Informasi ......................................................................... 11
Environmental Graphic Design ............................................................. 11
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
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Fungsi Signage ........................................................................... 13
Jenis Signage ............................................................................. 13
Symbol and Arrow ................................................................................. 17
Symbol ........................................................................................ 18
Arrow ......................................................................................... 18
Antropometri dan Persepsi .................................................................... 19
2.5.1 Antropometri .............................................................................. 19
2.5.2. Persepsi ...................................................................................... 20
2.6. Elemen Desain ....................................................................................... 22
2.6.1. Tipografi .................................................................................... 22
2.6.2. Grid dan Layout ......................................................................... 26
2.6.3 Warna ......................................................................................... 33
2.7. Material .................................................................................................. 35
BAB III METODOLOGI ................................................................................... 38
3.1. Gambaran Umum ................................................................................... 38
3.1.1. Sejarah ....................................................................................... 38
3.1.2. Operasional ................................................................................ 39
3.3.3. S.W.O.T ...................................................................................... 41
3.2. Wawancara ............................................................................................. 42
3.3. Observasi ............................................................................................... 46
3.3.1. Lingkungan Museum ................................................................. 47
3.3.2. Signage Museum ....................................................................... 49
3.4. Studi Eksisting ....................................................................................... 53
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
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3.4.1. Museum Nasional ...................................................................... 53
3.4.2. Museum Bank Indonesia ........................................................... 56
3.4.3. Studi Alur ................................................................................... 58
3.5. Metodologi Perancangan ....................................................................... 63
BAB IV PERANCANGAN DAN ANALISIS ................................................... 66
4.1. Perancangan ........................................................................................... 66
4.1.1. Research and Analysis ............................................................... 66
4.1.2. Schematic Design ....................................................................... 67
4.1.3. Design Development .................................................................. 70
4.1.4. Material .................................................................................... 100
4.1.5. Documentation ......................................................................... 100
4.1.6. Bidding ..................................................................................... 104
4.1.7. Placement and Zoning ............................................................. 105
4.2. Analisa ................................................................................................. 110
4.2.1. Bentuk ...................................................................................... 110
4.2.2. Icons and Arrow ...................................................................... 116
4.3. Budgeting ............................................................................................. 122
BAB V PENUTUP ............................................................................................ 128
5.1. Kesimpulan .......................................................................................... 128
5.2. Saran .................................................................................................... 130
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
Gambar 2.1 Desain Informasi a Raw Material for Gasoline.....................................9
Gambar 2.2. City Museum, Melbourne Australia.....................................................13
Gambar 2.3. Contoh Directional Signs....................................................................14
Gambar 2.4. Contoh Orientation Signs....................................................................15
Gambar 2.5. Contoh Regulatory Signs....................................................................16
Gambar 2.6. Perception Area...................................................................................20
Gambar 2.7. Serif dan Sans Serif.............................................................................22
Gambar 2.8. Anatomy of Type.................................................................................23
Gambar 2.9. X-height..............................................................................................23
Gambar 2.10. Kerning .............................................................................................23
Gambar 2.11. Leading .............................................................................................24
Gambar 2.12. Lowercase dan Uppercase................................................................24
Gambar 2.13. Single-Column Grid..........................................................................26
Gambar 2.14. Two-Column Grid.............................................................................27
Gambar 2.15. Multicolumn Grid.............................................................................27
Gambar 2.16. Modular Grid....................................................................................28
Gambar 2.17. Hierarchical Grid..............................................................................28
Gambar 2.18. Opsi Penempatan Teks .....................................................................29
Gambar 2.19. Opsi Penempatan Dasar dan Penempatan Vertical Signs.................30
Gambar 2.20. Warna................................................................................................32
Gambar 3.1. Denah Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala..........................36
Gambar 3.2. Wawancara dengan Kepala Museum..................................................40
DAFTAR GAMBAR
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Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
Gambar 3.3. Bersama Bapak Kworoseto, KASUBSI TALEKSI.............................45
Gambar 3.4. Denah Area Museum Pengunjung dan Jalur Sirkulasi........................48
Gambar 3.5. Alur Pengunjung.................................................................................58
Gambar 3.6. Alur Skenario Pencarian Toilet...........................................................59
Gambar 3.7. Alur Skenario Keadaan Darurat .........................................................60
Gambar 3.8. Alur Skenario Pembelian Tiket...........................................................62
Gambar 3.9. The Phases of The Design Progress....................................................64
Gambar 4.1. Brainstorm..........................................................................................66
Gambar 4.2. Mind mapping.....................................................................................67
Gambar 4.3. Brainstorm 2.......................................................................................68
Gambar 4.4. Moodboard..........................................................................................71
Gambar 4.5. Various wing design shape..................................................................72
Gambar 4.6. Rough Sketch......................................................................................73
Gambar 4.7. F-16 dan T-50......................................................................................74
Gambar 4.8. Shape 1-Rough Sketch........................................................................75
Gambar 4.9. Shape 1-Sketch Development.............................................................76
Gambar 4.10. Color Palette Trial............................................................................76
Gambar 4.11. Shape 1-Color Trial...........................................................................77
Gambar 4.12. Shape 1-Application Trial.................................................................77
Gambar 4.13. Shape 2-Sketch Development...........................................................78
Gambar 4.14. Shape 2-Color Trial...........................................................................79
Gambar 4.15. Shape 2-Digital Sketch .....................................................................80
Gambar 4.16. Shape 3- Rough Sketch....................................................................80
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Gambar 4.17. Shape 3-Triangle Sketch...................................................................81
Gambar 4.18. Shape 3-Sketch Development...........................................................81
Gambar 4.19. Shape 3 – Shape Development 2.......................................................82
Gambar 4.20. Shape 3 – Color Palette.....................................................................82
Gambar 4.21. Shape 3 – Sketch Development 3......................................................83
Gambar 4.22. Logo TNI AU....................................................................................83
Gambar 4.23. Shape 3 – Application Trial...............................................................84
Gambar 4.24. Shape 3 – Folding Shape...................................................................85
Gambar 4.25. Shape 3 – Size Adjustment................................................................85
Gambar 4.26. Color Wheel......................................................................................86
Gambar 4.27. First Color Palette.............................................................................86
Gambar 4.28. Color Palette Signage Museum Dirgantara Mandala.......................87
Gambar 4.29. Carrol Typeface.................................................................................88
Gambar 4.30. San Solo Typeface.............................................................................88
Gambar 4.31. Futura Typeface.................................................................................88
Gambar 4.32. Sans Solo Font Test...........................................................................89
Gambar 4.33. Carrol Font Test.................................................................................90
Gambar 4.34. Futura std Heavy Font Test...............................................................90
Gambar 4.35. Typeface............................................................................................91
Gambar 4.36. Contoh Pengaplikasian Typeface......................................................91
Gambar 4.37. Icons Sketch.....................................................................................92
Gambar 4.38. Alternatif Icons 1...............................................................................92
Gambar 4.39. Referensi Icons Line Art...................................................................93
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Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
Gambar 4.40. Icons Sketch......................................................................................94
Gambar 4.41. Icons Line Art Development.............................................................94
Gambar 4.42. Alternatif Icons 2...............................................................................95
Gambar 4.43. Final Icons........................................................................................96
Gambar 4.44. Arrow Shape......................................................................................96
Gambar 4.45. Modular Grid....................................................................................97
Gambar 4.46. Overhead Sign Single Direction Layout............................................98
Gambar 4.47. Overhead Sign Two Direction Layout...............................................98
Gambar 4.48. Orientation Sign Layout...................................................................99
Gambar 4.49. Standing Direction & Identification Sign Layout............................99
Gambar 4.50. Overhead Two Direction Size..........................................................101
Gambar 4.51. Overhead Single Direction..............................................................101
Gambar 4.52. Standing Orientation Size...............................................................102
Gambar 4.53. Standing Direction Size..................................................................102
Gambar 4.54. Standing Identification Size............................................................103
Gambar 4.55. Flag Mount Identification Size........................................................103
Gambar 4.56. Caption Sign....................................................................................103
Gambar 4.57. Placement Code..............................................................................105
Gambar 4.58. Peta Museum dan Zoning...............................................................106
Gambar 4.59. Regulatory and Parking Signs Placement......................................106
Gambar 4.60. Overhead Direction Signs Placement.............................................107
Gambar 4.61. Overhead Identification and Standing Orientation Signs...............107
Gambar 4.62. Wall and Flag Mount Identification Signs Placement.....................108
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Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019
Gambar 4.63. Standing Identification Signs Placement.........................................108
Gambar 4.64. Standing IOrientation Sign Zoning.................................................109
Gambar 4.65. Overhead Direction Sign Zoning.....................................................109
Gambar 4.66. Overhead Two Direction.................................................................110
Gambar 4.67. Standing Regulatory........................................................................111
Gambar 4.68. Wall Mount Regulatory...................................................................113
Gambar 4.69. Standing Orientation.......................................................................114
Gambar 4.70. Standing Orientation Size...............................................................115
Gambar 4.71. Icons development..........................................................................116
Gambar 4.72. Icons Fix.........................................................................................117
Gambar 4.73. Arrow..............................................................................................118
Gambar 4.74. Arrow in Direction Sign.................................................................119
Gambar 4.75. Yellow Contrast..............................................................................119
Gambar 4.76. Lengthy...........................................................................................121
Gambar 4.77. Sign Visibility..................................................................................121
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1. SWOT Museum Bank Indonesia..............................................................42
Tabel 3.2. Signage Museum Dirgantara Mandala....................................................49
Tabel 3.3. Signage Museum Nasional......................................................................53
Tabel 3.4. Signage Museum Bank Indonesia...........................................................56
Tabel 4.1. Daftar Harga Satuan Signage................................................................122
Tabel 4.2. Daftar Harga Keseluruhan Signage.......................................................127
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN A: KARTU KONSULTASI DOSEN PEMBIMBING ........... XVI
LAMPIRAN A: KARTU KONSULTASI DOSEN PEMBIMBING ........ XVIII
Perancangan Signage Museum..., Anastasia Cynara Sekolastika, FSD UMN, 2019