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MATERIAL GENÉTICO Y REPRODUCCIÓN
CELULAR
Bases para entender la herencia
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Tres temas introductorios
1.1. Cromosomas y genesCromosomas y genes
2.2. MitosisMitosis
3.3. MeiosisMeiosis
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Experimentos clásicos en torno a mitosis
• Acetabularias de Hämmerling y Brachet (1930 - 1940)
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Experimentos clásicos en torno a mitosis
• Ranas de Gurdon (1960)
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Estudio de cariotipos humanos
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Estudio de cariotipos humanos
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Estudio de cariotipos humanos
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Cariotipos con técnicas actuales
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Números cromosómicos
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Números cromosómicos
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Estructura de un cromosoma
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Del cromosoma
al ADN
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Concepto de gen
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Concepto de gen
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Genes humanos
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Genes humanos
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Genes humanos
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Ejemplos de genes
Modelo de insulina humana
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Genes y alelos
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Alelos y enfermedades
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Tres temas introductorios
1.1. Cromosomas y genesCromosomas y genes
2.2. MitosisMitosis
3.3. MeiosisMeiosis
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Conservación de la información genética
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Ciclo celular
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Mitosis
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Mitosis
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Mitosis
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Mitosis
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Mitosis
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Funciones de la mitosis
• Desarrollo embrionario
• Crecimiento
• Renovación de tejidos
• Reparación de tejidos (cicatrización)
• Reproducción asexual– Bipartición– Yemación– Esporulación…
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Mecanismos de reproducción asexual
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Mitosis y cáncer
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Tres temas introductorios
1.1. Cromosomas y genesCromosomas y genes
2.2. MitosisMitosis
3.3. MeiosisMeiosis
![Page 37: Material Genetico y Reproduccion Celular HAMMERLING](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552acbe34a795950118b4579/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Lo que no explica la mitosis: caracteres hereditarios
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… y el problema de la cantidad de información
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Cariotipos de células sexuales
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Meiosis
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Meiosis: quiasmas y recombinación
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Meiosis
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Meiosis
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Factores de variabilidad meiótica
+
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Meiosis Gametogénesis
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Mitosis v/s meiosis
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Próxima sesión: sistema endocrino