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Microsoft Excel 2010®®
Tutorial 3:
Working with Formulasand Functions
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#isual $verview
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(nderstanding %ell&eferences•
To record and analyze data –Enter data in cells in a worksheet
–Reference the cells with data in
formulas that perform calculationson that data
• Types of cell references
–Relative
–!solute
–Mixed
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•
"ell reference as it appears inworksheet #$2%
• lways interpreted in relation
#relative% to the location of the cellcontainin& the formula
• "han&es when the formula is copied
to another &roup of cells• llows 'uick &eneration of
row(column totals without revisin&formulas
(sing &elative&eferences
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Formulas (sing a &elative&eference
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(sing ,-solute&eferences•
"ell reference that remains )xedwhen the formula is copied to a newlocation
•
*ave a + !efore each column androw desi&nation #+$+2%
• Enter values in their own cells,reference the appropriate cells informulas in the worksheet
–Reduces amount of data entry
–-hen a data valued is chan&ed. allformulas !ased on that cell are
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Formulas (sing an ,-solute&eference
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(sing Mixed &eferences
•
"ontain !oth relative and a!solutereferences
• ock one part of the cell reference
while the other part can chan&e• *ave a + !efore either the row or
column reference #+$2 or $+2%
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(sing a Mixed &eference
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0,-solute0 and Mixed&eferences•
Relative references – Repeat same formula with cells in
di3erent locations
• !solute references
– 4i3erent formulas to refer to the samecell
• Mixed references
– 5eldom used other than when creatin&ta!les of calculated values
• 6se 78 key to cycle throu&h di3erent typesof references
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l i
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Excel Function%ategories
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Excel Functions
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Working with Functions
•
dvanta&e of usin& cell references; –
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%hoosing the &ight4ummar2 Function•
function
– -hen data includes a few extremelylar&e or extremely small values that
have potential to skew results• M?4E function
– To calculate the most common value inthe data
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5nserting a Function
•
Three possi!le methods; –5elect a function from a function
cate&ory in the 7unction i!rary
–
?pen =nsert 7unction dialo& !ox tosearch for a particular function
– Type function directly in cells
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(sing the Function 6i-rar2to 5nsert a Function•
-hen you select a function. the7unction r&uments dialo& !oxopens. listin& all ar&umentsassociated with that function
i h i
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(sing the 5nsert Function7ialog 8ox•
?r&anizes all functions !y cate&ory• =ncludes a search feature for locatin&
functions that perform particular
calculations
T i F ti 7i tl
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T2ping Functions 7irectl2in %ells•
?ften faster than usin& =nsert7unction dialo& !ox
• s you !e&in to type a function name
within a formula. a list of functionsthat !e&in with the letters you typedappears
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, t 9ll d M
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,uto9ll and MoreFunctions
E t i 7 t d F l
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Entering 7ata and Formulaswith ,utoFill•
6se the )ll handle to copy a formulaand conditional formattin&
–More e@cient than twoAstep
process of copyin& and pastin&• $y default. uto7ill copies !oth
content and formattin& of ori&inalran&e to selected ran&e
E t i 7 t d F l
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Entering 7ata and Formulaswith ,utoFill
E t i 7 t d F l
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Entering 7ata and Formulaswith ,utoFill•
6se uto 7ill ?ptions !utton tospecify what is copied
E t i 7 t d F l
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Entering 7ata and Formulaswith ,utoFill•
6se uto7ill to create a series ofnum!ers. dates. or text !ased on apattern
• 6se 5eries dialo& !ox for more
complex patterns
E t i 7 t d F l
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Entering 7ata and Formulaswith ,utoFill
E t i 7 t d F l
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Entering 7ata and Formulaswith ,utoFill
Working with 6ogical
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Working with 6ogicalFunctions•
o&ical functions –$uild decisionAmakin& capa!ility
into a formula
–
-ork with statements that areeither true or false
• Excel supports many di3erent lo&ical
functions. includin& the =7 function
Working with 6ogical
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Working with 6ogicalFunctions•
%omparison operator –5ym!ol that indicates the
relationship !etween two values
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(sing the 5F Function
•
Returns one value if a statement istrue and returns a di3erent value ifthat statement is false
• IF (logical_test, [value_if_true,] [value_if_false])
Working with 7ate
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Working with 7ateFunctions•
7or schedulin& or determinin& onwhat days of the week certain datesoccur
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6oans and 5nterestPa2ments
Working with Financial
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Working with FinancialFunctions•
"ost of a loan to the !orrower islar&ely !ased on three factors;
–Principal: amount of money !ein&
loaned – 5nterest: amount added to the
principal !y the lender
•
"alculated as simple interest oras compound interest
– Time re'uired to pay !ack the loan
(sing Functions to Manage
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(sing Functions to ManagePersonal Finances
Function (se to determine7< #futurevalue%
*ow much an investment will !e worth after aseries of monthly payments at some futuretime
BMT #payment% *ow much you have to spend each month to
repay a loan or mort&a&e within a set periodof time
=BMT #interestpayment%
*ow much of your monthly loan payment isused to pay the interest
BBMT#principalpayment%
*ow much of your monthly loan payment isused for repayin& the principal
B< #presentvalue%
ar&est loan or mort&a&e you can a3ord&iven a set monthly payment
>BER #num!erof periods% *ow lon& it will take to pay o3 a loan withconstant monthly payments
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(sing the PMT Function
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(sing the PMT Function
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XPXPXPPresenting a 8udget
•
Blan the !ud&et around a fewessential &oals
• Bick out a few important measures
that can convey whether theproposed !ud&et will meet your &oals
• ook at your )nancial history to aidyou in creatin& !ud&et proCections
• -hen explainin& the !ud&et.descri!e the results in terms ofeveryday examples