-
,
2
-
,
2
2010
-
1 9 11
2 13
2.1 132.2 132.3 132.3.1 142.3.2 15
3 19
3.1 193.2 20
4 23
4.1 234.2 , - 254.2.1 , - 264.2.2 , - 284.2.3 304.2.4 314.2.5 , 314.3 324.4 344.4.1 344.4.1.1 344.4.1.2 354.4.2 364.5 374.5.1 374.5.2 38
5 - 41
5.1 41
-
6 44
6.1 456.2 476.2.1 476.2.1 506.2.2 (, ) 546.2.3 (, , ) 606.2.3.1 () 656.2.4 - 686.2.5 696.2.5.1 706.3 726.4 746.5 (- ) 786.5.1 796.5.2 826.5.3 836.6 Um , (, ) 95
7 102
A: / 109
: 121 : 125
...
-
8
-
9
.
, - - .
, , (, ), , , . , , . , , , - .
, .. , .
, , . , . . , , .
1.
-
10
-
11
, . .
-. , .
, , , . , , . , , .
, :
, , . .
, .
.
, .
, .
-
12
-
13
2.1
, . , , . .
, .
2.2
, , . : . ,
. , .
, . .
. . , , , .
, , , , .
2.3
, , .
, .
2.
-
14
2.3.1
:
. (U-value), 1m 1. , :
( ) .
. , : . .
, , . , , , .
. (c) , . , , . . - - :
, . , , ( 2.3.1.). (, , ..).
, , (, ..) ( 2.3.1.).
2.3.1.
( )
. .
-
15
. .
CYS EN ISO 10456: 2007 : () (c) , ().
2.3.2 ( ). . , - - , . , . :
. ( ) , , .
. , , . , , . , , . :
, . ,
,
( 2.3.2.).
. , , .
. , . . (, , ) . , . , . .
-
16
2.3.2.
. , ( ). , (.. ).
. , . , , .
. , , , . .
-
17
-
18
-
19
89/106/ , , , , , , CE. , CE.
(, ) , . .
3.1
:
. . . .
.
. . ,
.
. . (
). .
. , . () , .
3.
-
20
. - , , , .. ( , ,
). . ,
, ..
. . . .
3.2
: PVC
-
21
-
22
-
23
, , ( ).
, :
4.1
: . (, ) .
: . ( ) . , . , .
: . , . , , , , , ..
: .
(c): 1C. kcal/kg C J/kg .
: .
, , , .. , , , .
(): , (W/m.K).
4.
-
24
: ( % ) . , . ( , ) , , . , , , ( ).
: (.. , PVC, , , ..) .
(Cm): kJ/(kgK).
(): (J/s) 1m2, 1C/m 1K/m W/mK.
(U): , 1m2 , 1 . , W/(m2 K).
() : (Kg/m3).
: (, ) .
: (, ).
(R): (m2 K/W).
-
25
4.2 - -
, :
:
, :
.
. .
- :
:
-
26
4.2.1 , - ( 4.1.1)
/ , , , , , ..
, ..
: / (, ,
..)
: (
). . -
.
( , , ..) .
, , , .. .
.
-
27
4.1.1 ( ).
/.
( )
-
28
4.2.2 - ( 4.1.2)
/, , , .. , , .
.
/ , .
.
.
.
: . ( , )
. / .
-
29
4.1.2
/ .
-
30
4.2.3
, . , , , / /. , .
. , .
. , . , . 5 cm, . , 2,5 cm
, . . .
4.1.3
-
31
4.2.4
( , ), . .
:
: , .. . . .
4.2.5 ,
.
-
32
4.3
, , :
, . , . . , . , , , .
, , (, , , ) .
.
-
33
: , , (thermal break) .
.
: , , , , .
.
. .
: / , .
, , ..
-
34
o
4.4
4.4.1
.
: 4.4.1.1 4.4.1.2
4.4.1.1 ( 4.3.1)
( , , ..).
. , .
: (, ,
)
: .
4.3. .
-
35
screed
4.3.1
4.4.1.2
.
, , ( ) ( ).
.
:
.
, .
.
.
: .
-
36
4.4.2
. . . . .
, . . :
.
, .
, .
, . ,
.
-
37
4.5
4.5.1 , 4.5.2
4.5.1 ( 4.4.1)
( , ..).
. .
4.4.1
screed
-
38
4.5.2 ( 4.4.2)
( , , ..).
4.4.2
screed
-
39
-
40
-
41
-
( )
( ) , 15(1) 2006 2009 .
5.1
, .
U : (,
) 1 . [U0,85 W/m2K]
: U (.. Trombe, ). (, , )
. [U0,75 W/m2K]
. [U2,00 W/m2K]
(, ) . [U 3,8 W/m2K]
: .
: 1. 2 (, ) 2. (, ).3. , , , , , .
5. -
-
42
1/1/2010 , :
1. , , .
2. Um :
[Um1,3 W/m2K]
[Um1,8 W/m2K]
.
.
3. () .. , , ..
(... ) : () ..., () ...
4. , ( , . 22442592).
, , , .
-
43
-
-
44
(U-value calculation tool) , .
.
() .
6.
-
45
6.1
Ai (m2)
di (m)
j -
k -
l -
Ra (m2 / W)
Rse ( (m2 K/W)
)
Rsi ( (m2 K/W)
)
Ru , (m2 K/W)
Ru (m2 K/W)
Rv (m2 K/W)
Rsp (m2 K/W)
Rs (m2 K/W)
Rf (m2 K/W)
Uf (W/m2 K)
Ug (W/m2 K)
Ui (W/m2 K)
-
46
Um (W/m2 K)
Ubw
o (W/m2 K) U
bf (W/m2 K)
i (W / m)
Av m2
-
hro W/(m2.K)
Stefan-Boltzmann [5,67x10-8W/(m2.K4)]
Tm oC
m
P m
B m
z m
w m
(W/m.K) h
r W/m2 K
V m3
g W/m K
l
g m
Ag m2
Af m2
m/s
-
47
1
Rsi + + Rsedi
Ui =
i
6.2
6.2.1
(, , ), CYS EN ISO 6946: 2007.
1
, U
i :
(W/m2.K) ( 6.1)
,
Rsi: ( [m2 / W]
) ( 6.1)
Rse: ( [m2 / W]
) ( 6.1)
di: [m]
i: [W / m]
1
(R=d/) .
-
48
6.1 :
U , .
.. , .. .
Rsi
Rse 6.1,
R 6.2.1 6.2.2
.
1
Rsi + + + + + Rsed1
Ui=
1
d2
2
d3
3
d4
4
d4 + Rse
-
49
(Rsi , R
se)
6.1 ( , >0.8)
Rsi (m2 / W) R
se (m2 / W)
0.13 0.10 0.17 0.04
. 1 30 . . 2 , .
.3 : =0,9, h
ro 10 C,
=4m/s. . 4 R
si R
se
CYS EN ISO 6946:2007.
-
50
6.2.1 (R)
, (R
) 6.2.1 6.2.2
(m2.K/W) ( 6.2)
R: ( 6.2.1 6.2.2) (m2.K/W)
-
51
6.2.1 ( )
R (0,8)
(m2 / W)
(mm)
0 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 0.11 0.11 0.11
7 0.13 0.13 0.13
10 0.15 0.15 0.15
15 0.17 0.16 0,17
25 0.18 0.16 0.19
50 0.18 0.16 0.21
100 0.18 0.16 0.22
300 0.18 0.16 0.23
. 1 :
, 0.8 (
-
52
6.2.2 ( )
R (500 mm2 1500 mm2 m, - >500 mm2 1500 mm2 m2 , .
-
53
. (R
T)
:
(m2.K/W) ( 6.3)
RT,u
RT,v
Av Av
: - 1500 mm2 m, - 1500 mm2 m2 , .
.
-
54
6.2.2 (, ) .
, 6.1 . :
() (d)
() .
Rsi Rse 6.1 R
si=0.13 R
se=0.04.
.
-
55
1: (30x20x10) 20 cm, 2.5 cm.
25 cm
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.025 1 0.025 ()
2 0.2 0.4 0.5
3 0.025 1 0.025 ()
4 *
5
R
si R
se
(W/m2W) (W/m2W) U (W/m2K)
0.13 0.04 1.389
U0.85
* .. , .. .
-
56
2: (30x20x10) 20 cm 3 cm 2.5 cm.
20 cm.
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.025 1 0.025 ()
2 0.2 0.4 0.5
3 - - 0.909 *
4 0.025 1 0.025
5
R
si R
se
(W/m2W) (W/m2W) U (W/m2K)
0.13 0.04 0.614
U0.85
* .
** .. , .. .
-
57
3: (//) 3 cm , 2.5 cm.
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.025 1 0.025 ()
2 0.25 2.3 0.109 (1% )
3 - - 0.909 *
4 0.025 1 0.025
5 ** - - -
R
si R
se
(W/m2W) (W/m2W) U (W/m2K)
0.13 0.04 0.808
U0.85
* .
** .. , .. .
-
58
4: (30x20x10) 10 cm 5 cm , 2.5 cm.
( )
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.025 1 0.025 ()
2 0.10 0.4 0.25
3 0.05 - 0.18
4 0.10 0.4 0.25
5 0.025 1 0.025
6 * - - -
7
R
si R
se
(W/m2W) (W/m2W) U (W/m2K)
0.13 0.04 1.111
U 0.85
* .. , .. .
-
59
5: (30x20x10) 10 ., 2.5. , 2.5. 2.5 cm.
( )
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.025 1 0.025 ()
2 0.10 0.4 0.25
3 - - 0.757
4 0.05 - 0.18
5 0.10 0.4 0.25
6 0.025 1 0.025
7 * - - -
R
si R
se
(W/m2W) (W/m2W) U (W/m2K)
0.13 0.04 0.603
U0.85
*
** .. , .. .
-
60
6.2.3 (, , )
(, , ), 6.2 ( 6.1).
Rsi Rse 6.1. R
si=0.10 R
se=0.04,
Rsi=0.17 R
se=0.04.
30 6.1 , R
si=0.10 R
se=0.04.
30 6.1 . O R
si=0.13 R
se=0.04.
-
61
6: 15 cm, 5 cm .
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.004 0.230 0.017 Screed 2 ( 0.050 1.350 0.037 )
3 - - 1.515
*
4 0.150 2.500 0.073 (2% )
5 0.025 1 0.025
6 * - - -
R
si R
se
(W/m2W) (W/m2W) U (W/m2K)
0.1 0.04 0.553
U0.75
* .
** .. , .. .
-
62
7: 30 , 20 cm. 5 cm
30
( )
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.02 1 0.02
2 0.01 0.23 0.0435
3 - - 1.515 *
4 0.2 2.5 0.08 (2% )
5 ** - - --
R
si R
se
(W/m2W) (W/m2W) U (W/m2K)
0.10 0.04 0.556
U0.75
* .
** .. , .. .
-
63
8: 30 ( ), 20 cm 5 cm
30
( )
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.02 1 0.02
2 0.01 0.23 0.0435
3 - - 1.515 *
4 0.2 2.5 0.08 (2% )
5 ** - - --
R
si R
se
(W/m2W) (W/m2W) U (W/m2K)
0.10 0.04 0.547
U0.75
* .
** .. , .. .
-
64
9: 15 cm 5 cm. ( )
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.030 2.700 0.01111 Screed 2 ( 0.050 1.350 0.037 )
3 0.150 2.50 0.07389 (2% )
4 - - 1.51515 *
5 0.025 1 0.02500
6 ** - - --
R
si R
se
(W/m2W) (W/m2W) U (W/m2K)
0.17 0.04 0.534
U0.75
* .
** .. , .. .
-
65
6.2.3.1 (M )
, (R
u) 6.1. :
(m2.K/W) ( 6.4)
6.3 .
6.3: . R
u
Ru (m2K / W)
1 () 0.06
2 () 0.2
3 2 (low emissivity) 0.3
4 () 0.3
6.3 . (R
se).
-
66
10: 15 cm 5 cm .
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W) 1 0.004 0.230 0.01739 Screed 2 ( 0.05 1.35 0.037 )
3 0.150 2.500 0.073 (2% )
4 - - 1.515
*
5 0.025 1 0.025
6 .
R
u ( 6.3)
- - 0.06
7 ** - - -
R
si R
se
(m2K/W) (m2K/W) U (W/m2K)
0.10 0.04 0.539
U0.75
* .
** .. , .. .
-
67
11: 2 cm 5 cm
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 OSB 0.020 0.140 0.143
2 - - 1.220
*
3 Ru - - 0.300
( 6.3)
4 ** - - - 5
R
si R
se
(m2K/W) (m2K/W) U (W/m2K)
0.10 0.04 0.555
U0.75
* .
** .. , .. .
-
68
6.2.4 -
(.. , ) (R
u) -
6.1. (Ru) :
(m2.K/W) ( 6.5)
i
- 1 m2
Ae.k
k - U
e.k k -
n - . V - m3
- .
- : U
e.k=2 W/(m2.K) n=3 .
1: - , Ru .
-
69
6.2.5
, , () 2.5 W/(m.K). () > 2.5 W/(m.K), .
(m2.K/W) ( 6.6)
R
sp
R
s
6.2.5.1
Ap
A
6.1.1
6.6 .
-
70
6.2.5.1
(Rs) :
(m2.K/W) ( 6.7)
hc
hr
hr=.h
ro
hro=4T
m3
hro
Stefan-Boltzmann [5.67x10-8W/(m2.K4)]
Tm .
CYS EN ISO 6946:2007 =0.9 . .
6.4 hro (C) h
ro (W/(m2.K))
-10 4.1
0 4.6
10 5.1
20 5.7
30 6.3
-
71
h
c=h
ci
hci=5.0 W/(m2.K)
hci=2.5 W/(m2.K)
hci=0.7 W/(m2.K)
h
c=h
c
h
c=4+4
m/s.
Rse
6.5 Rse
(v) Rse
m/s m2.K/W 1 0.08
2 0.06
3 0.05
4 0.04
5 0.04
7 0.03
10 0.02
-
72
6.3 .
- 6.2.1 ( 6.1).
12: 15 cm screed -
- /
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W) 1 0.030 3.500 0.00857 Screed 2 ( 0.100 1.350 0.074 )
3 0.150 2.500 0.060 (2% ) 4 0.025 1 0.025
5 * - - -
Rsi (m2K/W) 0.170 U (W/m2K)
Rse (m2K/W) 0.170** 1.970
U2.00
* .. , .. .
** . R
se
.
-
73
13: 15 cm .
- /
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W) 1 0.030 3.500 0.00857 2 0.100 0.200 0.500
3 0.150 2.500 0.060 (2% ) 4 0.025 1 0.025
5 * - - -
Rsi (m2K/W) 0.170 U (W/m2K)
Rse
(m2K/W) 0.170** 1.071
U2.00
* .. , .. .
** , R
se
.
-
74
6.4
CYS EN ISO 13370:1998. .
.
6.6
(W / m) (J/(m3.K))
1 - 1.5 3.0
2 - 2.0 2.0
3 3.5 2.0
: =2.0 W/(m.K).
c=2.0.106J/(m3.K)
(Rse R
si) 6.1.
6.7 . CYS EN ISO 13370:1998.
.
-
75
6.7
* - , , P A ( - P ).
**T (z) . z .
( 6.4.1)
( 6.4.2)
Uo
d
t
w .Rf .
dt ()w .Rf . d
w= (R
si +R
w+R
se)
dw ( )R
w
z**
Ubf
Ubw o .
: P*:
dt
-
76
6.4.1 .
6.4.2
-
77
14: . () L 6.4.3 .
w=0.3m =2 W/(m.K).
6.4.3
H : P=10+6+6+3+4+9=38m A=(10x6)+(3x4)=72m2. =72/0.538=3.789m
.
dt=0.3+2(0.17+0+0.04)=0.72m
dt< ( )
U=Uo=(2x2)/(3.142x3.789+0.72)x ln(3.142x3.789/0.72) +1)=0.91W/(m2.K)
() 100mm 0.04 W/(m.K) Rf=0.1/0.04=2.5 m
2.K /W.
dt=0.3+2(0.17+2.5+0.04)=5.72m
dt
U=2/(0.457x3.789+5.72)=0.27 W/(m2.K)
-
78
6.5 (-)
, (, ) ISO 10077-1:2006.
( ) CYS EN ISO 12567-1:2000 CYS EN ISO 12567-2:2000.
:
1. ,
673 674 675.
2. .
CYS EN ISO 6946: 2007 / ISO 10211-1:1995 ISO 8301 / ISO 8202.
3.
ISO 10077-2:2006 12412-2 D ISO 10077-1:2006
4. /,
ISO 10077-2 ISO 10077-1.
ISO 15099.
Curtain Walling pr 13947.
13241-1 .
-
79
6.5.1 (A )
UW
.
( 6.8)
U
g
Uf
g
lg
6.8 g
g (W/m.K)
, ()
PVC 0.06 0.08
0.08 0.11
0.02 0.05
g
6.9.
-
80
6.9 g
g (W/m.K)
, ()
PVC 0.05 0.06
0.06 0.08
0.01 0.04
( 6.9)
d
W/(m.K)
-
81
6.5.1 d x
: .
:
( 6.10)
UW1
, UW2
6.8
Rse 1
Rsi 1
Rs ( 6.10)
1: Rse R
si 6.1 0.8
-
82
6.5.2
(Ug) :
( 6.11)
Rse (
)
Rsi (
)
j j
dj j
(Ug) :
( 6.12)
Rse (
)
Rsi (
)
j j
dj j
Rsj j
-
83
6.10 (Rs)
. . .
R
s (m2.K/W)
(mm)
()
0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8
6 0.211 0.191 0.163 0.132 0.127
9 0.299 0.259 0.211 0.162 0.154
12 0.377 0.316 0.247 0.182 0.173
15 0.447 0.364 0.276 0.197 0.186
50 0.406 0.336 0.260 0.189 0.179
6.5.3
O 6.13 / 6.14 (common types of glazing space bars) 6.15 / 6.16 (glazing space bars with improved thermal performance), CYS EN ISO 10077-1:2006.
6.13. 6.14. 6.15 6.16 :1. .2. 20% 30% ,.
:- 25% 20%.
- > 25% , 30%.
-
84
6.13, 6.14, 6.15 6.16, , , :
() Ug
6.9. :
- , . - (low-emissivity
layer) . - . - . - .
() Uf
(.. ) (thermal break) : Uf = 7.0 W/mK.
(.. PVC) 6.11.
-
85
6.11 . 6.11 .
6.11:
Uf W/(m.K)
2.8 PUR 5 mm
PVC -
2.2
a
2.0
a 5 mm ( 6.4.2)
5 mm 6.5.1 .
Uf .
-
86
ISO 10077-1:2006.
12%.
6.5.2.
.
X df mm Y Uf. W/(m2.K) 1 ( 700Kg/m3). =0.18 W/(m.K) 2 ( 500Kg/m3). =0.13 W/(m.K)
-
87
6.5.2 dt
() , .
() , 20% 30%.
-
88
6.12:
a
Ug
SF
6
mm (Air) (Argon) (Krypton) b (Xenon) ()
0.89 4-6-4 3.3 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.6 4-8-4 3.1 2.9 2.7 3.1 2.6 4-12-4 2.8 2.7 2.6 3.1 2.6 4-16-4 2.7 2.6 2.6 3.1 2.6 4-20-4 2.7 2.6 2.6 3.1 2.6 0.2 4-6-4 2.7 2.3 1.9 2.3 1.6 4-8-4 2.4 2.1 1.7 2.4 1.6 4-12-4 2.0 1.8 1.6 2.4 1.6 4-16-4 1.8 1.6 1.6 2.5 1.6 4-20-4 1.8 1.7 1.6 2.5 1.7 0.15 4-6-4 2.6 2.3 1.8 2.2 1.5 4-8-4 2.3 2.0 1.6 2.3 1.4 4-12-4 1.9 1.6 1.5 2.3 1.5 4-16-4 1.7 1.5 1.5 2.4 1.5 4-20-4 1.7 1.5 1.5 2.4 1.5 0.1 4-6-4 2.6 2.2 1.7 2.1 1.4 4-8-4 2.2 1.9 1.4 2.2 1.3 4-12-4 1.8 1.5 1.3 2.3 1.3 4-16-4 1.6 1.4 1.3 2.3 1.4 4-20-4 1.6 1.4 1.4 2.3 1.4 0.05 4-6-4 2.5 2.1 1.5 2.0 1.2 4-8-4 2.1 1.7 1.3 2.1 1.1 4-12-4 1.7 1.3 1.1 2.1 1.2 4-16-4 1.4 1.2 1.2 2.2 1.2 4-20-4 1.5 1.2 1.2 2.2 1.2 0.89 4-6-4-6-4 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.7 4-8-4-8-4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.6 4-12-4-12-4 1.9 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.6 0.2 4-6-4-6-4 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.3 0.9 4-8-4-8-4 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.3 0.8 4-12-4-12-4 1.2 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.15 4-6-4-6-4 1.7 1.4 1.1 1.2 0.9 4-8-4-8-4 1.5 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.8 4-12-4-12-4 1.2 1.0 0.7 1.3 0.7 0.1 4-6-4-6-4 1.7 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.8 4-8-4-8-4 1.4 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.7 4-12-4-12-4 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.05 4-6-4-6-4 1.6 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.7 4-8-4-8-4 1.3 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.5 4-12-4-12-4 1.0 0.8 0.5 1.1 0.5
(
)
(
)
-
89
: 673. . . 1279-1 [12] 1279-3 [13].
a .b SF
6 .
-
90
6.13: 30%
Ug (spacer bars) W/(m.K) Uf W/(m.K)
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 7.0
5.7 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 6.1 3.3 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.5 3.2 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.6 4.4 3.1 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.3 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.2 2.9 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.4 4.2 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 4.0 2.6 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.2 4.0 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.9 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.8 2.3 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.8 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.7 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.6 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.6 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.7 3.6 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7 3.5 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 3.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 3.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 3.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.9 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.8 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.7 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.7 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.6
: 90 60 . . 60 0 (Ug Uf), .
-
91
6.14: 20%
Ug (spacer bars) W/(m.K) Uf W/(m.K)
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 7.0
5.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 6.0 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 4.1 3.2 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 4.0 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.9 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.9 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.8 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.7 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.5 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.5 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.8 3.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.2 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.1 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.0 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.9 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.8 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.7 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.7 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.6 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.5 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.4 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.3 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.3 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.2 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.1 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 2.0 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.9
: 90 60 . . 60 0 (Ug Uf), .
-
92
6.15: 30% .
Ug (spacer bars) W/(m.K) Uf W/(m.K)
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 7.0
5.7 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 6.1 3.3 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.4 3.2 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.4 3.1 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.5 4.3 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.4 4.2 2.9 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.2 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 4.1 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.2 4.0 2.6 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.9 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.9 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.8 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.7 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.7 2.1 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.6 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.6 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 3.5 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.5 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.4 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 3.3 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 3.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 3.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 3.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 3.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.8 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.7 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 2.5
: 90 60 . . 60 0 (Ug Uf), .
-
93
6.16: 20%
Ug (spacer bars) W/(m.K) Uf W/(m.K)
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 7.0
5.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 6.0 3.3 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.1 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.0 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.9 3.0 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.8 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.7 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.7 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.4 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.3 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.2 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.1 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.1 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.5 3.0 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.9 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.8 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.7 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.6 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.5 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.5 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.3 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.2 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.1 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 2.1 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.0 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.9
: 90 60 . . 60 0 (Ug Uf), .
-
94
15:
:
1. Ug 4mm 12 mm ( ) () = 0.89
Ug 6.12 U
g = 2.8 W/m2K
2. Uf .
ISO 10077-1 Uf = 7.0 W/m
2K.
3. ( ).
4. 20%
6.14. U
g = 2.8 W/m2K
Uf =7.0 W/m2K
3.7 W/m2K.
U3.80 W / m2.
-
95
6.6 Um (, ) .
Um , (,
) , :
(m2.K/W) ( 6.13) :
j
k
l
Uj. U
k. U
l [W / m2]
j.
k.
l [m2]
-
96
6.13 . .
16: (, ) .
1. 10m x 8m x 2.5m2. 0.2m x 0.2 m3. 0.2m x 0.2m4. 5.
m m
1 1.0 2.0
2 2.0 1.5
3 2.0 2.0
4 1.5 1.0
-
97
6. (1) 40mm . 12mm.
(U)
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.025 1.0 0.025 ()
2 0.2 0.4 0.5
3 0.05 0.030 1.667
4 0.05 1 1 ()
5 * - - -
R
si R
se
(m2K/W) (m2K/W) U (W/m2K)
0.13 0.04 0.419
U0.85
* .. , ..
.
-
98
(U)
/
d R
(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W)
1 0.025 1.0 0.025 ()
3 0.2 2.5 0.080 (2% )
3 0.03 0.030 1.000
4 0.025 1.0 0.025 ()
5 * - - -
R
si R
se
(m2K/W) (m2K/W) U (W/m2K)
0.13 0.04 0.769
U0.85
* .. , .. .
-
99
.
m m m2
8.00 2.50 20 10.00 2.50 25 8.00 2.50 20 10.00 2.50 25
90
Atot=90
m m m2
1.6 2.3 3.68 36 0.2 7.2
10.88 -.= 10.88m2
/
2 2.0 1.5 1 3.0 3 2.0 2.0 2 8.0 4 2.0 1.0 1 2.0
13
= 13m2
1 1 2 1 2
A=2m2
.= tot (.- +. + ) A = 64.12m2
-
100
, .
Um1.30
. Ui x Ai /
i
Ui (m2) (W/k)
(W/m2k)
1 0.419 64.120 26.866
2 - 0.769 10.880 8.3667
3 3.700 13.000 48.100
4 3.230 2.000 6.460
5 0.000
90.000 89.72
. Um 0.998
-
101
-
102
. kJ/(kg K).
:
( 7.1)
: j (m)
ij i j (kg/m)
Cij (J/kgK)
dij i j (m)
: , 10cm.
( 17,18 19.
17: (302010 cm), , ( ), .
(Cm) ,
, :
7. KH O
AdministratorSticky Notena klisi h parenthesi )
-
103
/
d p Cp Cm
(m) (Kg/m3) (kJ/(kgK) (kJ/m2K)
1 0.02 1800 1 36
2 0.08 1000 1 80
3
4
Cm (kJ/m2K) 116
: 10cm
-
104
18: (302010 cm), , .
(Cm) ,
, :
-
105
/
d p Cp Cm
(m) (Kg/m3) (kJ/(kgK) (kJ/m2K)
1 0.02 1800 1 36
2 0.060 1000 1 60
3
4
Cm (kJ/m2K) 96
: (16/2 = 8 cm)
-
106
19: (302010 cm), , .
(Cm) ,
, .
-
107
/
d p Cp Cm
(m) (Kg/m3) (kJ/(kgK) (kJ/m2K)
1 0.030 1800 1 54
2
3
4
Cm (kJ/m2K) 54
:
-
108
-
109
A:
/
-
110
89/106/ , , , CE. , , CE.
/, 1.
/ -30C +60C.
/ , .
-
111
1: /
A/A [kg/m3] - Cp [W/(mK)] [kJ/(kgK)]
1.
1.1 1.1.1 : 1.1.1.1 2800 3.50 1.00 1.1.1.2 2600 2.30 1.1.1.3 1500 0.85 1.1.1.4 .. 1600 0.55 1.1.2 2700-3000 3.50 1.1.3 2400-2700 3.50 1.1.4 2500-2700 2.80 1.1.5 2800 3.50 1.1.6 2000-2800 2.20 1.1.7 : 1600 0.85 1800 1.10 2000 1.40 2200 1.70 2600 2.30 1.1.8 () 2600 2.30 1.1.9 400 0.12 1.1.10 1750 1.30 1.2 1.2.1 0.93 1.2.2 1300 0.70 1.3 () 1.3.1 200x300x100 1000 0.40 1.00 1.3.2 1600 0.70 1.00 1.4 , .. 1.4.1 5mm 0.58 1.4.2 5-10 mm 0.81 1.4.3 0.19 1.4.4 0.41 1.4.5 0.064
A:
/
-
112
A/A [kg/m3] - Cp [W/(mK)] [kJ/(kgK)]
1.5 1.5.1 : 1.5.1.1 600 0.18 1.00 1.5.1.2 : 1.5.1.2.1 1000 0.40 1.00 1.5.1.2.2 1300 0.57 1.00 1.5.2 : 1.5.2.1 1600 0.80 1.00 1.5.2.2 1600 0.80 1.00 1.5.2.3 1800 1.00 1.00 1.6 1.6.1 : 1.6.1.1 1800 1.15 1.00 2000 1.35 2200 1.65 1.6.1.2 2400 2.00 1.6.1.3 1% 2300 2.30 1.6.1.4 2% 2400 2.50 1.6.2 ( 1.6.2.1 : 1.6.2.1.1 120 1.51 1.6.2.1.2 160 2.03 1.6.2.1.3 500 0.18 600 0.20 700 0.23 1.6.2.1.4 500 0.18 600 0.20 1.6.2.2 : 1.6.2.2.1 1500 0.64 1.6.2.2.2 1700 0.81 1.6.2.2.3 1900 1.10 1.6.2.4 : 1.6.2.4.1 400 0.14 1.6.2.4.2 500 0.19 1.6.2.4.3 600 0.23 1.6.2.4.4 800 0.29 1.6.2.4.5 1000 0.35
A:
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113
A/A [kg/m3] - Cp [W/(mK)] [kJ/(kgK)]
1.6.2.5 [/( )]: 1.6.2.5.1 1:4 0.198 1.6.2.5.2 1:5 0.163 1.6.2.5.3 1:6 0.145 1.6.2.5.4 1:7 0.134 1.6.2.5.5 1:8 0.128 1.6.2.5.6 1:20 0.081 1.6.2.6 , : 1.6.2.6.1 800 0.29 1.6.2.6.2 1400 0.58 1.6.2.6.3 1800 0.35 1.6.2.7 - 1.6.2.7.1 : 1600 0.79 1800 0.99 2000 1.10 1.6.2.7.2 1200 0.56 1400 0.70 1600 0.79 1.6.2.7.3 , 1000 0.50 1200 0.56 1.6.2.7.4 800 0.41 1000 0.46 1200 0.52 1400 0.64 1600 0.79 1.6.2.7.5 2 1000 0.44 1200 0.49 1400 0.56 1.6.2.7.6 ,3 1400 0.49 1600 0.56 1.6.2.7.7 600 0.35 800 0.41 1000 0.46 1.6.2.7.8 800 0.44 1000 0.56 1200 0.70
A:
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114
A/A [kg/m3] - Cp [W/(mK)] [kJ/(kgK)]
1.6.2.7.8 800 0.44 1000 0.56 1200 0.70 1.6.2.8 - 1.6.2.8.1 1000 0.46 1200 0.52 1400 0.60 1800 0.79 1.6.2.8.2 1000 0.46 1200 0.52 1400 0.60 1.6.2.8.3 2000 1.05 1.7 1.7.1 : 1.7.1.1 600 0.18 1.00 1.7.1.2 860 0.20 1.7.1.3 900 0.30 1.7.1.4 1200 0.43 1.7.1.5 1500 0.56 1.7.2 : 700 0.21 1.00 900 0.25
2. 2.1 1200-1800 1.50 1.67-2.5 2.2 1700-2200 2.0 910-1180
3. 3.1 : 3.1.1 450 O.12 1.6 3.1.2 500 0.13 3.1.3 700 0.17 3.2 0.21 3.3 0.17 3.4 (, , ..) 0.14 3.5 , , .. 300 0.09 1.6 3.5.1 500 0.13 1.6 3.5.2 700 0.17 1.6 3.5.3 1000 0.24 1.6
A:
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115
A/A [kg/m3] - Cp [W/(mK)] [kJ/(kgK)]
3.6 300 0.10 1.7 3.6.1 600 0.14 1.7 3.6.2 900 0.18 1.7 3.7 : 3.7.1 650 0.13 1.7 3.7.2 500 0.24 3.8 : 3.8.1 700 0.15 3.8.2 700 0.29
4. 4.1 7500 50 0.45 4.2 4.2.1 8900 380 0.38 4.3 8400 120 0.38 4.4 4.4.1 200 4.4.2 2800 160 0.88 4.5 8700 65 0.38 4.6 11300 35 0.13 4.7 7800 50 0.45 4.7.1 / 7900 17 0.50 4.7.2 7900 30 0.46 4.8 7200 110 0.38
5. 5.1 : 5.1.1 2500 1.00 0.75 5.1.2 2200 1.40 0.75 5.1.3 2000 1.20 0.75
6. 6.1 1200 0.17 1.40 6.2 2100 0.70 1.00 6.3 1050 0.17 6.4 1100 0.23
A:
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116
A/A [kg/m3] - Cp [W/(mK)] [kJ/(kgK)]
7. 7.1.1 () 0.041 7.1.2 / 40 0.041 7.2 50 0.041 7.3 15mm 570 0.14 25 35mm 460-415 0.093 50 mm 20 0.030 7.10 70 0.05 2.3
8. 8.1 1200 0.17 1.40 8.2 1700 0.25 1.40 8.3 : 8.3.1 270 0.10 1.40 8.3.2 () 120 0.05 1.30 8.3.3 200 0.06 1.30 8.3.4 400 0.065 1.50 8.5 / 200 0.06 1.30 8.6 1200 0.17 1.40
9. 9.1 1.23 0.025 1.008 9.2 1.95 0.014 0.82 9.3 1.70 0.017 0.519 9.4 6.36 0.013 0.614 9.5 3.56 0.0090 0.245 9.6 5.58 0.0054 0.16
A:
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117
A/A [kg/m3] - Cp [W/(mK)] [kJ/(kgK)]
10. 10.1 : 10.1.1 -10C 920 2.30 2.00 10.1.2 0C 900 2.20 2.00 10.2 : 10.2.1 ( 200mm) 500 0.60 10.3 : 10.3.1 10C 1000 0.60 4.19 10.3.2 40C 990 0.63 10.3.3 80C 970 0.67
11. 11.1 1050 0.20 1.50 11.2 1200 0.20 1.20 11.3 (PTFE)- 2200 0.25 1.00 11.4 (PVC) 1390 0.17 0.90 11.5 (PMMA) 1180 0.18 1.50 11.6 1410 0.30 1.40 11.7 (nylon) 1150 0.25 1.60 11.8 6.6 25% 1450 0.30 1.60 11.9 / : 11.9.1 980 0.50 1.80 11.9.2 920 0.33 2.20 11.10 - 1050 0.16 1.30 11.11 910 0.22 1.80 11.12 25% 1200 0.25 1.80 11.13 (PU) 1200 0.25 1.80 11.14 : 11.14.1 1200 0.20 0.20 11.14.2 1300 0.30 0.30 11.14.3 1400 0.19 0.19
12. 12.1 910 0.13 1.10 12.2 () 1240 0.23 2.14
A:
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118
A/A [kg/m3] - Cp [W/(mK)] [kJ/(kgK)]
12.3 (). / 1200 0.24 1.40 12.4 - 60-80 0.06 1.50 12.5 () 1200 0.17 1.40 12.6 (EPMD) 1150 0.25 1.00 12.7 930 0.20 1.10 12.8 1700 0.40 1.00 12.9 980 0.25 1.00
13. . 13.1 720 0.13 1.00 13.2 1200 0.35 1.00 13.3 1450 0.50 1.00 13.4 750 0.12 1.00 13.5 / ( ) 1300 0.21 1.80 13.6 (PVC) 40% 1200 0.14 1.00 13.7 60-80 0.05 1.50 13.8 (PU) 70 0.05 1.50 13.9 70 0.05 2.30
14. 14.1 : 14.1.1 2000 1.00 0.80 14.1.2 2100 1.50 1.00 14.1.3 800 0.29 14.1.4 1400 0.58 14.1.5 1800 0.35 14.2 : 14.2.1 / 2300 1.30 0.84 14.2.2 1000 0.20 1.00 14.2.3 0.041
A:
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119
A/A [kg/m3] - Cp [W/(mK)] [kJ/(kgK)]
15. 15.1 : 15.1.1 300 0.09 1.60 15.1.2 500 0.13 15.1.3 700 0.17 15.1.4 1000 0.24 15.2 1200 0.23 1.50 15.3 : 15.3.1 300 0.10 1.70 15.3.2 600 0.14 15.3.3 800 0.18 15.3.4 900 0.18 15.4 (OSD) 650 0.13 1.70 15.5 MDF : 15.5.1 250 0.07 1.70 15.5.2 400 0.10 15.5.3 600 0.14 15.5.4 800 0.18
. 1 .. 106
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paper liners.
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(SWP) laminated veneer lumber (LVL) .
MDF: Medium Density Fibreboard ( ) .
A:
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(m) (W/mK) (m2K/W) 1
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. Ui x Ai / i U
i (m2) (W/k)
(W/m2k)
1
2
3
4
5
6
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-
124
-
125
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126
CYS EN ISO 6946: 2007 Building components and building elements Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance Calculation method
CYS EN ISO 13370:1998 Thermal performance of buildings Heat transfer via the ground Cal-culation Methods
CYS ISO 10077-1:2006 Thermal performance of windows, doors and shutters Calculation of thermal transmittance Part 1: General.
CYS EN ISO 10456:2007 Building materials and products Hydrothermal thermal properties Tabulated design values and procedures for determining declared and design thermal values
EN 13790 Energy performance of buildings Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling
EN 1745 Masonry and masonry products Methods for determining design thermal values
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13-151421
.: +357 22867100www.mcit.gov.cy
... 290/2010 - 5.000 SB 978-9963-38-760-1 : Zavallis Litho Ltd: Design for Life Ltd
-
, - 1
2
/ .
1
4.1 (c): kcal/kg 0C J/kg.K. (Cm): (kJ/K).
21, 22
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44, 68
3 5.1
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/ U (W/m2K)
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< 0.85
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1,3
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(30x20x10) 20 cm, 3 cm , 2,5 cm.
20 cm,
/
d
(m)
(W/mK)
R (m2K/W)
1 0.025 1 0.025
2 0.2 0.4 0.5
3 *
- - 0.909
4 0.025 1 0.025
5 ** - - - Rsi
(m2K/W)
Rse
(m2K/W)
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0.13 0.04 0.614
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6 1,2,3, 4,5,6,7,8 9 Rsi Rse (m2K/W).
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/
d
(m)
(W/mK)
R (m2K/W)
1 0.004 0.230 0.01739
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(
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3
* - - 1.51515
4
(2% )
0.150 2.500 0.06
5
() 0.025 1
0.025
6 ** - -
59
-
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Rsi
(m2K/W) Rse
(m2K/W)
U
(W/m2K)
0.10 0.04 0.557
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*
. ** . , ...
.
8 8:
8:
300 ( ), 20 cm, 5 cm
K 30
( )
/
d
(m)
(W/mK)
R
(m2K/W)
1 0.02 1 0.02
2 0.01 0.23 0.0435
3
* - - 1.515
4
(2% )
0.2 2.5 0.08
5 ** - -
Rsi
(m2K/W) Rse
(m2K/W)
U
61
-
, - 5
(W/m2K)
0.13 0.04 0.547
U0.85.
*
. ** . , ... .
9 9/ .3: R (m2K/W) 0.06.
62
10
10/ .3: R (m2K/W) 0.06.
64
11 6.2.5 : , <
2.50 W /mK.
67
12 6.4 6.6.
(W/mK)
(J/m3 . K) 1 - 1.5 3.0 x 106 2 - 2.0 2.0 x 106 3 3.5 2.0x 106
=2.0(W/m.K), c=2.0 x 106 (J/m3. K)
72
13
-
, - 6
15 6.15: (spacer bars) Uf W/(m2. K).
90
16 6.16: (spacer bars) Uf W/(m2. K).
91
17 6.6 Um , (, )
6.13 . .
94
18
16
/
m
m
2 2.0 1.5 2 6.0
3 2.0 2.0 1 4.0
4 1.5 1.0 1 1.5
11.5
=11.5m2
97, 98
-
, - 7
, .
i
ii
m A
AUU =
tot
m A
AUAUAUAUU
+++= .... K W/m943,0
9023,23+11,53,7+10,880,769+65,6200,419=U 2m =
Um1,30
/
.
Ui (W/m2k)
i
(m2)
Ui x Ai
(W/k)
1 0.419 65.62 27.494
2 - 0.769 10.880 8.3667
3 3.700 11.500 42.550
4 3.230 2.000 6.460
90.000 84.871
, Um 0.943
BOOKLET2010v8 2 - _16MAY2012 , .