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The Rational UnifiedProcess –
Core Workflow Processes
Requirements
Analysis
Design
Implementation
Test
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The Unified Process as a Common Approach:
1. Provides guidance to the order of item’s activities2. Directs the tasks of individual developers and the team
3. Specifies what artifacts should be developed
4. Offers criteria for monitoring and measuring the project’sproducts and activities
The Triangle of Success
In SW evelopment
Notation
The Unified Modeling Language
Process Tool
The Rational Unified ProcessRational Rose CASE Tool
The Triangle of Success
In SW evelopment
Notation
The Unified Modeling Language
Process Tool
The Rational Unified ProcessRational Rose CASE Tool
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The Unified Process – History and Essence
C reating the U nified P roce ss
Funct ional test ing
Performan ce test ing
Requirements mgmt
Conf . and change mgm t
Bu siness engineering
Data engineeringUI design
Rat ional Uni f ied Process 5 .01998
R at ional Objectory Process 4 .11996-1997
O bjectory Proces s 1.0-3.81987-1995
T h e E ric s so n A p p r o ac h
The R at ional Approach U M L
C rea ting the U nified P roce ss
Functional testing
Performan ce test ing
Requirements mgmt
Conf . and change mgm t
Bu siness engineering
Data engineeringUI design
R ationa l U nified Proces s 5.01998
Ra t ional Objectory Process 4 .11996-1997
O bjectory P rocess 1 .0-3 .81987-1995
T h e E ric s so n A p p ro a c h
The R at ional Approach U M L
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The Process Itself
Ne w o r c ha n g e d
requ i rements
Ne w o r c ha n g e d
system
S of tw are Eng ineer ing
Process
W hat Is a P rocess?
Def inesD e fin e s W h o is d o in g W h a t, W h e n to d o it, a n d H o wto rea ch a cer ta in go al .
Ne w o r ch a n g e d
requ i rements
Ne w o r c h an g e d
sys tem
S of tw are Eng ineer ing
Process
W hat Is a P rocess?
Def inesDef ines W h o is do ing W h a t, W h e n to do it , an d H o wto reac h a c er ta in goa l.
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The Unified Process is a
Component Framework
The Un ified P rocess is a Process Fram ew ork
There is N O U niversal Process!
• The Un ified Process is des igned for flex ib ility and extens ib ility
» a llows a varie ty of lifecyc le stra teg ies
» se le cts w ha t a rtifa cts to pro du ce
» d efin es a ctiv itie s a nd w o rke rs
» m odels concepts
The U nified P rocess is a Process Fram ew ork
There is N O U niversal Process!
• Th e U nified P rocess is des igned for flexibi lity and extensibility
» al low s a variety of l ifecycle strategies
» selects wha t art ifacts to prod uce
» de fine s activi ties and w orkers
» m odels concepts
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The Unified Process
for SW EngineeringThe Unified Process is Engineered
Describe a
Use Case
Use case
package
Use case
responsible for
Analyst
Artifact
A piece of information that is
produced, modified, or used
by a process
Worker
A role played by anindividual or a team
Activity
A unit of work
The Unified Process is Engineered
Describe a
Use Case
Use case
package
Use case
responsible for
Analyst
Artifact
A piece of information that is
produced, modified, or used
by a process
Worker
A role played by anindividual or a team
Activity
A unit of work
Th U ifi d P i
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The Unified Process is
Architecture-Centric
A rc h ite c tu re -C e n tr ic
M od e ls a re ve h ic les fo r v isu a l iz ing , sp ec ify ing ,M od e ls a re ve h ic les fo r v isu a l iz ing , spe c ify ing ,con s truc t ing , and do cum en ting a r ch itec tu recon s truc t ing , and do cum en ting a r ch itec tu re
Th e U n ified P roce ss p resc r ibe s the succ ess iveT he U n ified P roce ss p resc r ibe s the succe ss ivere f ine m en t o f an ex ec u tab le a rch itec tu rere fine m en t o f an ex ec u tab le a rch itec tu re
tim e
A rc h ite c tu re
In c e p tio n E la b o ra tio n C o n s tru c tio n Trans i t ion
A rc h ite c tu re -C e n tr ic
M od e ls a re ve h ic les fo r v isu a l iz ing , spe c ify ing ,M od e ls a re ve h ic les fo r v isu a l iz in g , sp ec ify ing ,con s truc t ing , and do cum en ting a r ch itec tu recon s truc t ing , and do cum en ting a r ch itec tu re
Th e U n ified P roce ss p resc r ibe s the s ucce ss iveTh e U n ified P roce ss p resc r ibe s the succe ss ivere fine m en t o f an e xe cu tab le a rch itec tu rere f ine m en t o f an ex ec u tab le a rch itec tu re
tim e
A rc h ite c tu re
In c e p tio n E la b o ra tio n C o n s tru c tio n Trans i t ion
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Architecture and Models
Architecture embodies a collection of views of the models
Views
Models
Use CaseModel
DesignModel
Depl.Model
Impl.Model
TestModel
AnalysisModel
Architecture and Models
Architecture embodies a collection of views of the models
Views
Models
Use CaseModel
DesignModel
Depl.Model
Impl.Model
TestModel
AnalysisModel
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The Unified Process is Use-Case Driven
U s e C a s e D r i v e n
R e q . t s I m p l . T e s t
U s e C a s e s b i n d t h e s e w o r k f l o w s t o g e t h e r
A n a l y s i s D e s i g n
U s e C a s e D r i v e n
R e q . t s I m p l . T e s t
U s e C a s e s b i n d t h e s e w o r k f l o w s t o g e t h e r
A n a l y s i s D e s i g n
U s e C a s e s D r i v e I t e r a t i o n s
D r i v e a n u m b e r o f d e v e l o p m e n t a c t i v i t i e sD r i v e a n u m b e r o f d e v e l o p m e n t a c t i v i t i e s
C r e a t i o n a n d v a l i d a t i o n o f t h e s y s t e m ’ s a r c h i t e c t u r e
U s e C a s e s D r i v e I t e r a t i o n s
D r i v e a n u m b e r o f d e v e l o p m e n t a c t i v i t i e sD r i v e a n u m b e r o f d e v e l o p m e n t a c t i v i t i e s
C r e a t i o n a n d v a l i d a t i o n o f t h e s y s t e m ’ s a r c h i t e c t u r e
D e f i n i t i o n o f t e s t c a s e s a n d p r o c e d u r e s
P l a n n i n g o f i t e r a t i o n s
C r e a t i o n o f u s e r d o c u m e n t a t i o n
D e p l o y m e n t o f s y s t e m
S y n c h r o n i z e t h e c o n t e n t o f d i f f e r e n t m o d e l sS y n c h r o n i z e t h e c o n t e n t o f d i f f e r e n t m o d e l s
D e f i n i t i o n o f t e s t c a s e s a n d p r o c e d u r e s
P l a n n i n g o f i t e r a t i o n s
C r e a t i o n o f u s e r d o c u m e n t a t i o n
D e p l o y m e n t o f s y s t e m
S y n c h r o n i z e t h e c o n t e n t o f d i f f e r e n t m o d e l sS y n c h r o n i z e t h e c o n t e n t o f d i f f e r e n t m o d e l s
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The Unified Process is
Iterative and Incremental
L ifec yc le P ha ses
tim e
In c e p tio n E la b o ra tio n C o n s tru c tio n Trans i t i on
Incep t ion D e f ine the sco pe o f the p r o jec t andD e f ine the sco pe o f the p r o jec t andd e v e lo p b u s in e s s c a s ed e v e lo p b u s in e s s c a s e
Elabo ra t i on P lan p ro jec t, sp ec ify fea tu res , an dP lan p ro jec t, sp ec ify fea tu res , an dba se line the a rch i tec tu reba se line the a rch i tec tu re
Cons t ruc t i on B u i ld t he p rod uc tB u ild t he p rod uc t Trans i t i on T ran s it ion the p ro du c t to its u se rsT ran s ition th e p rod u c t to its us e rs
L ifec yc le P ha se s
tim e
In c e p tio n E la b o ra tio n C o n s tru c tio n Trans i t i on
Incep t ion D e fine the sco pe o f the p r o jec t andD e fine the sco pe o f the p r o jec t andd e v e lo p b u s in e s s c a s ed e v e lo p b u s in e s s c a s e
Elabo ra t i on P lan p ro jec t, sp ec ify fea tu res , an dP lan p ro jec t, sp ec ify fea tu res , an dba se line the a rch i tec tu reba se line the a rch i tec tu re
Cons t ruc t i on B u ild t he p rod uc tB u i ld t he p rod uc t Trans i t i on T ran s it ion the p ro du c t to its u se rsT ran s ition th e p rod u c t to its us e rs
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Phases and Iterations
An iteration is a sequence of activities with an established plan and
evaluation criteria, resulting in an executable release
Arch
Iteration
... Dev
Iteration
Dev
Iteration
... Trans
Iteration
...
Release Release Release Release Release Release Release Release
Prelim
Iteration
...
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Phases and Iterations
An iteration is a sequence of activities with an established plan and
evaluation criteria, resulting in an executable release
Arch
Iteration
... Dev
Iteration
Dev
Iteration
... Trans
Iteration
...
Release Release Release Release Release Release Release Release
Prelim
Iteration
...
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Th U ifi d P i
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The Unified Process in
Software Development
Dependencies between use-case model and the other models
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The 4 P’s
in software development
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Team working
Workers and resources that realize them producing artifacts
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Team workflow
A workflow with workers and activities
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Iterations and
Core Workflows
I te r a t io n s a n d W o r k f lo w
P r e l i m i n a r y
I t e r a t i o n ( s )
i t e r .
# 1
i t e r .
# 2
i t e r .
# n
i t e r .
# n + 1
i t e r .
# n + 2
i t e r .
# m
i t e r .
# m + 1
I n c e p t io n E la b o r a t io n C o n s t r u c t io n T r a n s i t i o n
I t e r a t i o n s
P h a s e s
C o r e W o r k f lo w s
A n i te r a t io n i n th e
e la b o r a t io n p h a s e
R e q u i r e m e n t s
D e s i g n
Im p l e m e n t a t io n
T e s t
A n a l y s i s
I t e r a t io n s a n d W o r k f lo w
P r e l i m i n a r y
I t e r a t i o n ( s )
i t e r .
# 1
i t e r .
# 2
i t e r .
# n
i t e r .
# n + 1
i t e r .
# n + 2
i t e r .
# m
i t e r .
# m + 1
I n c e p t io n E la b o r a t io n C o n s t r u c t io n T r a n s i t i o n
I t e r a t i o n s
P h a s e s
C o r e W o r k f lo w s
A n i te r a t io n i n th e
e la b o r a t io n p h a s e
R e q u i re m e n t s
D e s i g n
Im p l e m e n t a t io n
T e s t
A n a l y s i s
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Requirements capture
From vision to requirements:
List candidate requirements
Understand system context
Capture functional requirements
Capture non-functional
requirements
Use case example: Buyer, seller and payment handler areinvolved in the Sales – the payment handler transfersmoney from one account to another as specified by the
invoice.
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From requirements towards Use Cases
The workers and artifacts involved when capturing requirements as use cases
The inputs and outputs to/from the requirements capture
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Analysis
Defines use-case realizations as structures of stereotypicalclasses and packages; gives structure to the internal view
The workers and artifacts involved in analysis
UML provides standard stereotype classes for use in analysis
Analysis class diagrams
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Analysis class diagrams
A collaboration diagram for realization of the Pay Invoice use case
A class diagram for realization of the Pay Invoice use case
D i
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Design
The workers and artifacts involved in design.
Example: the invoice design class.
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Design workflow
A hit t l d i
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Architectural design –
inputs and outputs
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Implementation
From design to system components - source code, scripts,executables, etc.:
1. Plans the system iterations
2. System distribution by mapping components onto nodes in the
deployment model3. Implementation of design classes
4. Component test and integration
The workers and artifacts involved in implementation
Implementation –
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Implementation
workflow and inputs/outputs
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Implementation – system integration
The input and result of system integration The inputs and results ofsubsystem implementation
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Test
Verification of result from implementation by testing each build
(integration tests) and final releases (system tests).
1. Plans the tests required in each iteration
2. Test design and implementation:
test cases specifying the test; test procedures – how to perform the test; exec.
test components for test automation
3.
Perform the tests and debugging.
The workers and artifacts involved in testing.
Test
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Test
Theworkflowduringtesting.
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Th i t d t t f t ti
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The input and output of testing
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Test example