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Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
WCDMA Radio
Network Capacity
Planning
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Foreword
WCDMA is a self-interference system
WCDMA system capacity is closely related to coverage
WCDMA network capacity has the “soft capacity” feature
The WCDMA network capacity restriction factors in the radio
network part include the following:
Uplink interference
Downlink power
Downlink channel code resources (OVSF)
Channel element (CE)
IUB Bandwidth
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Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Grasp the parameters of 3G traffic model
Understand the factors that restrict the WCDMA network
capacity
Understand the methods and procedures of estimating multi-
service capacity
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Contents
1. Traffic Model
2. Interference Analysis
3. Capacity Dimensioning
4. CE Dimensioning
5. IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
6. Network Dimensioning Flow
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Contents
1. Traffic Model
1.1 Overview of traffic model
1.2 CS traffic model
1.3 PS traffic model
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QoS Type
Real-tim
e c
ate
gory
Conversation
al
It is necessary to maintain the time relationship
between the information entities in the stream.
Small time delay tolerance, requiring data rate
symmetry
Voice service,
videophone
Streaming
Typically unidirectional services, high
requirements on error tolerance, high
requirements on data rate
Streaming
multimedia
Non re
al-tim
e c
ate
gory
Interactive
Request-response mode, data integrity must be
maintained. High requirements on error tolerance,
low requirements on time delay tolerance
Web page
browse,
network game
Background
Data integrity should be maintained. Small delay
restriction, requiring correct transmission
Background
download of
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Traffic Model
System Configuration
User Behaviour
Service Pattern
Traffic Model
Results
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The Contents of Traffic Model
Service pattern refers to the service features
User type (indoor ,outdoor, vehicle)
User’s average moving speed
Service Type
Uplink and downlink service rates
Spreading factor
Time delay requirements of the service
User behaviour refers to the conduct of people in using the
service
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Contents
1. Traffic Model
1.1 Overview of traffic model
1.2 CS traffic model
1.3 PS traffic model
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CS Traffic Model
Voice service is a typical CS services. Voice data arrival conforms
to the Poisson distribution. Its time interval conforms to the
exponent distribution
Key parameters of the model
Penetration rate
BHCA: busy-hour call attempts
Mean call duration (s)
Activity factor
Mean rate of service (kbps)
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CS Traffic Model Parameters
Mean busy-hour traffic (Erlang) per user = BHCA mean call
duration /3600
Mean busy hour traffic volume per user (kbit) = BHCA mean call
duration activity factor mean rate
Mean busy hour throughput per user (bps) = mean busy hour
traffic volume per user 1000/3600
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Contents
1. Traffic Model
1.1 Overview of traffic model
1.2 CS traffic model
1.3 PS traffic model
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PS Traffic Model
Data Burst Data Burst Data Burst
Packet Call
Session
Packet Call Packet Call
Downloading Downloading
Active Dormant Dormant Active
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PS Traffic Model Parameters
Traffic Model
Packet Call Num/Session
Packet Num/Packet Call
Packet Size (bytes)
Reading Time (sec)
Typical Bear Rate (kbps)
BLER
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Parameter Determining
The basic parameters in the traffic model are determined in
the following ways:
Obtain numerous basic parameter sample data from the
existing network
Obtain the probability distribution of the parameters through
processing of the sample data
Take the distribution most proximate to the standard probability
as the corresponding parameter distribution through
comparison with the standard distribution function
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PS User Behaviour Parameters
User Behaviour
Penetration Rate
BHSA
User Distribution
(High, Medium, Low end)
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PS User Behaviour Parameters
Penetration Rate
BHSA
The times of single-user busy hour sessions of this service
User Distribution (High, Medium, Low end)
The users are divided into high-end, mid-end and low-end
users.
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PS Traffic Model Parameters
Data Transmission time (s): The time in a single session of
service for purpose of transmitting data.
Holding Time (s): Average duration of a single session of service
Activity Factor:
eHoldingTim
issionTimeDataTransmctorActivityFa
eTypicalRatBLER
fficVolumeSessionTraissionTimeDataTransm
1
1
1000/8
issionTimeDataTransmadingTimeRe)1Session
lNumPackketCal(eHoldingTim
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Contents
1. Traffic Model
2. Interference Analysis
3. Capacity Dimensioning
4. CE Dimensioning
5. IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
6. Network Dimensioning Flow
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Basic Principles
In the WCDMA system, all the cells use the same frequency,
which is conducive to improve the WCDMA system capacity.
However, for reason of co-frequency multiplexing, the
system incurs interference between users. This multi-
access interference restricts the capacity in turn.
The radio system capacity is decided by uplink and
downlink. When planning the capacity, we must analyze
from both uplink and downlink perspectives.
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Contents
2. Interference Analysis
2.1 Interference Analysis Overview
2.2 Uplink Interference Analysis
2.3 Downlink Interference Analysis
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Interference Analysis Overview
Why do we analyze interference in network dimensioning?
No matter uplink or downlink dimensioning, the Eb/No
requirement should be met:
Eb/No = Ec/No × PG
Eb/No and PG is pre-defined, so we should calculate
expected Ec and No through interference analysis
The interference increase which is load factor could be
predicted
The load factor of each service rate is different
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Contents
2. Interference Analysis
2.1 Interference Analysis Overview
2.2 Uplink Interference Analysis
2.3 Downlink Interference Analysis
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Uplink Interference Analysis
Uplink interference analysis is based on the following
formula:
NotherownTOT PIII
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Uplink Interference Analysis
Receiver noise floor: PN
For Huawei NodeB, the typical value is -106.4dBm/3.84MHZ
NFWTKPN )**log(10
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Uplink Interference Analysis
: Interference from users of this cell
Interference that every user must overcome is :
is the receiving power of the user j , is UL activity factor
Under the ideal power control :
Hence:
The interference from users of this cell is the sum of power of
all the users arriving at the receiver:
ownI
jtotal PI
jjP
jjjTOT
j
NoEb
R
W
PI
PjAvg
110 10
/ _
jj
NoEb
TOTj
R
W
IP
jAvg
1
10
11
10
/ _
N
jown PI1
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Uplink Interference Analysis
:Interference from users of adjacent cell
The interference from users of adjacent cell is difficult to
analyze theoretically, because it is related to user distribution,
cell layout, and antenna direction diagram.
Adjacent cell interference factor:
own
other
I
If
otherI
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Uplink Interference Analysis
N
N
jj
NoEb
TOTNotherownTOT P
R
W
IfPIII
jAvg
1
10
/
1
10
11
1
_
jj
NoEb
j
R
WL
jAvg
1
10
11
1
10
/ _
N
N
jTOTTOT PLfII 1
1
Define:
Then:
N
j
NTOT
Lf
PI
1
11
1Obtain:
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Uplink Interference Analysis
Suppose that:
All the users are 12.2 kbps voice users, Eb/NoAvg = 5dB
Voice activity factor = 0.67
Adjacent cell interference factor f=0.55
j
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Uplink Interference Analysis
According to the above mentioned relationship, the noise will rise:
UL
N
jN
TOT
LfP
INoiseRise
1
1
)1(1
1
1
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Uplink Interference Analysis
Define the uplink load factor for one user:
Define the uplink load factor for the cell:
N
jj
EbvsNo
N
jUL
R
WfLf
jAvg
1
10
11
10
11
111
_
jj
EbvsNo
jj
R
WfLf
jAvg
1
10
11
111
10
_
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Contents
2. Interference Analysis
2.1 Interference Analysis Overview
2.2 Uplink Interference Analysis
2.3 Downlink Interference Analysis
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Downlink Interference Analysis
Downlink interference analysis is based on the following
formula:
NotherownTOT PIII
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Downlink Interference Analysis
Receiver noise floor: PN
For commercial UE, the typical value is -101dBm/3.84MHZ
NFWTKPN )**log(10
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Downlink Interference Analysis
:Interference from downlink signal of this cell
The downlink users are identified with the mutually orthogonal
OVSF codes. In the static propagation conditions without multi-
path, no mutual interference exists.
In case of multi-path propagation, certain energy will be
detected by the RAKE receiver, and become interference
signals. We define the non-orthogonal factor to describe this
phenomenon:
ownI
TXjown PI )(
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Downlink Interference Analysis
: Interference from the downlink signal of adjacent cell
The transmitting signal of the adjacent cell NodeB will cause
interference to the users in the current cell. Since the
scrambling codes of users are different, such interference is
non-orthogonal
Hence we obtain:
otherI
TXjother PfI )(
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Downlink Interference Analysis
Ec/Io for User j is:
10/)(10/
10/
10/
10)(10
10
)(10)(
NN
PCL
TX
j
P
CL
TX
CL
j
jPf
P
Pf
P
Io
Ec
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Downlink Interference Analysis
Under the ideal power control:
Then we can get:
jj
j
NoEb
R
W
Io
Ecj
1)(10 10
)/(
j
TX
PCL
TXj
NoEb
jRW
PfP
P
Nj
/
)10
(1010/)(
10
)/(
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Downlink Interference Analysis
Define the downlink load factor for user j:
Define the downlink load factor for the cell:
maxP
PTXDL
j
TX
PCL
TXj
NoEb
j
jRW
Pf
P
P
P
P
Nj
/
)10
(1010/)(
max
10
)/(
max
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Downlink Interference Analysis
According to the above mentioned relationship, the noise will rise:
N
DLMax
N
otherownN
N
total
P
CLPfNo
P
IIP
P
INoiseRise
/
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Contents
1. Traffic Model
2. Interference Analysis
3. Capacity Dimensioning
4. CE Dimensioning
5. IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
6. Network Dimensioning Flow
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Capacity Dimensioning FlowDimensioning Start
Assumed Subscribers
CS Peak Cell Load(MDE)
Yes
No
CS Average Cell Load PS Average Cell Load
=Target Cell Load?
Dimensioning End
Total Cell Load
Load per Connection of R99
HSPA Cell Load
}LoadLoadLoad,Loadmax{Load HSUPAavgPSavgCSpeakCSUL_totalcell
CCHHSDPAavgPSavgCSpeakCSDL_totalcell Load}LoadLoadLoad,Loadmax{Load
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Contents
3. Capacity Dimensioning
3.1 R99 Capacity Dimensioning
3.2 HSDPA Dimensioning
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Capacity Dimensioning Differences
GSM
Hard blocking
Capacity --- hardware dependent
Single service
Single GoS requirement
Capacity dimensioning ---ErlangB
WCDMA
Soft blocking
Capacity --- interference dependent
Multi services (CS&PS)
Respective quality requirements of
each service
Capacity dimensioning ---
Multidimensional ErlangB
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Multidimensional ElangB Principle (1)
Multidimensional ErlangB model is a Stochastic Knapsack Problem.
“Knapsack” means a system with fixed capacity, various objects arrive at
the knapsack randomly and the states of multi-objects in the knapsack
are stochastic process.
Then when various objects attempt to access in this system, how much is
the blocking probability of every object?
K classes of
services
Blockedcalls
Callsarrival
Callscompletion
Fixed capaciy
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Multidimensional ElangB Principle (2)
Case Study: Two dimensional ErlangB Model
The size of service 2 is twice as that of service 1
C is the fixed capacity
n2
Blocking States of Class 1
C
C-b1
n1
n2
Blocking States of Class 2
C
C-b2
n11 2 3 4 5 6
1
2
3
1 2 3 4 5 6
1
2
3
n2
States Space
C
n11 2 3 4 5 6
1
2
3
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CS Capacity Dimensioning (1)
CS services
Real time
GoS requirements
Multidimensional ErlangB
Resource sharing
Meeting GoS requirementsChannels..
....
Multidimensional ErlangB Model
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CS Capacity Dimensioning (2)
Comparison between ErlangB and Multidimensional
ErlangB
Multidimensional ErlangB - Resources shared
High Utilization of resources
ErlangB - Partitioning Resources
Low Utilization of resources
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Best Effort for Packet Services
PS Services:
Best Effort
Retransmission
Burst Traffic
PS will use the spare load apart from that used by CS
Total Load
CS Peak Load
CS Average Load
Load occupied by CS
Load occupied by PS
Lo
ad
Time
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CS Capacity Dimensioning
Average load:
Peak load:
Query the peak connection through ErlangB table
jjj LoadFactorTrafficdAverageLoa
N
jTotal dAverageLoadAverageLoa1
jjj LoadFactorPeakConnPeakLoad
)( jTotal PeakLoadMDEPeakLoad
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PS Capacity Dimensioning
jjj LoadFactorBurstRatetxRateTrafficdAverageLoa )1()Re1(
Average load:
Peak load:
None
Why don’t we calculate PS peak load?
N
jTotal dAverageLoadAverageLoa1
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Case Study (1)
Common parameters:
Maximum NodeB transmission power: 20W
Subscriber number per Cell: 800
Overhead of SHO (including softer handover): 40%
Retransmission of PS is 5%
R99 PS traffic burst: 20%
Activity factor of PS is 0.9
Power allocation for CCH is 20% in downlink
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Case Study (2)
Traffic Model, GoS and load factors:
UL DL GoS Load Factors (UL) Load Factors (DL)
AMR12.2k (Erl) 0.02 0.02 2% 1.18% 0.83%
CS64k (Erl) 0.001 0.001 2% 4.99% 4.65%
PS64k (Kbit) 50 100 N/A 4.21% 2.96%
PS128k (Kbit) 0 100 N/A 5.94%
PS384 (Kbit) 0 0 N/A
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Case Study (2)
Uplink Average Load Downlink Average Load
AMR12.2k:
0.02*800*1.18%=18.88%
CS64k:
0.001*800*4.99%=3.99%
PS64k:
50*800*(1+5%)*(1+20%)/0.9/64/360
0*4.21%=1.02%
CS&PS uplink average load:
18.88%+3.99%+1.02%=23.89%
AMR12.2k:
0.02*800*(1+40%)*0.83%=18.59%
CS64k:
0.001*800 *(1+40%)* 4.65%=5.2%
PS64k:
100*800*(1+5%)*(1+40%)*(1+20%)/0.9
/64/3600*2.96%=2.01%
PS128k: 2.02%
CS&PS downlink average load:
18.59%+5.2%+2.01%+2.02%=27.82%
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Case Study (3)
Uplink Peak Load Downlink Peak Load
AMR12.2k:
Traffic=0.02*800=16Erl
Peak Conn= ErlangB(16, 2%)=24
Peak Load=24*1.18%=28.32%
CS64k:
Traffic=0.001*800=0.8Erl
Peak Conn= ErlangB(0.8, 2%)=4
Peak Load=4*4.99%=19.96%
CS Peak Load: 42.53%
AMR12.2k:
Traffic=0.02*800*(1+40%)=22.4Erl
Peak Conn= ErlangB(22.4, 2%)=31
Peak Load=31*0.83%=25.73%
CS64k:
Traffic=0.001*800 *(1+40%)=1.12Erl
Peak Conn= ErlangB(1.12, 2%)=5
Peak Load=5*4.65%=23.25%
CS Peak Load: 42.33%
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Contents
3. Capacity Dimensioning
3.1 R99 Capacity Dimensioning
3.2 HSDPA Dimensioning
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HSDPA Capacity Dimensioning (1)
HSDPA Capacity Dimensioning
The purpose is to obtain the required HSDPA power to satisfy
the cell average throughput.
HS-DSCH will use the spare power apart from that of R99
Dedicated channels (power controlled)
Common channels
Power usage with dedicated
channels channels
t
Unused power
Power
HS-DSCH with dynamic power allocationt
Dedicated channels (power controlled)
Common channels
HS-DSCH
Power3GPP Release 99 3GPP Release 5
Pmax-R99
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HSDPA Capacity Dimensioning (2)
Capacity Based on Simulation
to simulate Ior/Ioc distribution in the
network with certain cell range
to simulate cell throughput distribution
based on Ec/Io distribution in the cell
Dimensioning Procedure
0.00%
0.50%
1.00%
1.50%
2.00%
2.50%
3.00%
3.50%
4.00%
4.22
2.98
2.04
1.39
0.96
0.66
0.45
0.31
0.21
0.14
0.1
0.07
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01 0 0 0 0
Ioc/Ior
Distribution probability
DU Cell coverage Radius=300m
Conditions of Simulation
Channel model-TU3
5 codes
Simulation
Ec/Io distribution
Ior/Ioc distribution
Cell coverageradius
Cell averagethroughput
Ec/Io =>throughput
HSDPA PowerAllocation
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Case Study
Input parameters
Subscriber number per cell: 800
HSDPA Traffic model: 1200kbit per subs
HSDPA Retransmission rate: 10%
HSDPA Data burst rate:20%
The power for HS-SCCH: 5%
Cell radius: 1km
HSDPA cell average throughput:
The needed power for HS-DSCH including that for HS-SCCH is 18.38%
kbps352%)201(%)01(13600
1200*800
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Case Study
Uplink Total Load of the Cell :
CS Peak Load: 42.53%
CS&PS average load: 23.89%
Downlink Total Load of the Cell :
CS Peak Load: 42.33%
CS&PS average load: 27.82%
HSDPA load is 18.38%
CCH load: 20%
66.20%%. MAX
LoadLoadLoadLoadLoadLoad CCHHSDPAavgPSavgCSpeakCSDLtotalcell
%20%)38.188227%,33.42(
},max{_
%4%. MAX
LoadLoadLoadLoad avgPSavgCSpeakCSULtotalcell
53.2)8923%,53.42(
},max{_
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Contents
1. Traffic Model
2. Interference Analysis
3. Capacity Dimensioning
4. CE Dimensioning
5. IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
6. Network Dimensioning Flow
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Overview
Definition of a CE:
A Channel Element is the base band resource required in the Node-B
to provide capacity for one voice channel, including control plane
signaling, compressed mode, transmit diversity and softer handover.
NodeB Channel Element Capacity
One BBU3900
UL 1,536 CEs with full configuration
DL 1,536 CEs with full configuration
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Huawei Channel Elements
Features Channel Elements pooled in one NodeB
No need extra R99 CE resource for CCH
reserved CE resource for CCH
No need extra CE resource for TX diversity
No need extra CE resource for Compressed Mode
reserved resources for Compressed Mode
No need extra CE resource for Softer HO
HSDPA does not occupy R99 CE resource
separate module for HSDPA
HSUPA shares CE resource with R99 services
No additional CE resource for AGCH RGCH and HICH
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CE Dimensioning Flow
),( _______ HSUPAULAULPSULAverageCSULPeakCSTotalUL CECECECECEMaxCE
),( _______ DLADLPSDLAverageCSDLPeakCSTotalDL CECECECEMaxCE
Dimensioning Start
CS Average CE
Channel Elements per NodeB
Dimensioning End
--Subscribers per NodeB--Traffic model
PS Average CECS Peak CE (MDE) HSPA CE
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CE Mappings for R99 Bearers
Channel Elements Mapping for R99 Bearers
Bearer Uplink Downlink
AMR12.2k 1 1
CS64k 3 2
PS64k 3 2
PS128k 5 4
PS144k 5 4
PS384k 10 8
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R99 CE Dimensioning Principle
Peak CE occupied by CS can be obtained through multidimensional
ErlangB algorithm
Average CE needed by CS and PS depend on the traffic of each service,
i.e.
Average CE = Traffic * CE Factor
CE
Resources....
..
AMR12.2k
CS64k
Multdimensional ErlangB Model
Total CE
CS Peak CE
CS Average CE
CE occupied by CS
CE occupied by PS
and HSPA
CE
Time
CE resource shared
among each service
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HSDPA CE Dimensioning
In uplink, no CE consumption for HS-DPCCH if corresponding UL
DCH channel exists
In uplink, CE consumed by one A-DCH depends on its bearing
rate
In downlink, A-DCH is treated as R99 DCH.
No additional CE needed for HS-DSCH and HS-SCCH
One HSDPA link need
one A-DCH in uplink and
downlink respectively
Associated Dedicated Channels
Site 1 Site 2
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CE Mappings for HSDPA Bearers
HSDPA Channel Elements Consumption
Traffic Uplink Downlink
HSDPA Traffic --- 0 CE
HS-DPCCH 0 CE ---
UL A-DCH (DPCCH) 3 CE ---
DL A-DCH (DPCCH) --- 1 CE
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Case Study (1)
Input Parameters
Subscribers number per NodeB: 2000
Overhead of SHO: 30%
R99 PS traffic burst: 20%
Retransmission rate of R99 PS: 5%
PS Channel element utilization rate: 0.7
Average throughput requirement per user of HSDPA: 400kbps
HSDPA traffic burst is 25%
Retransmission rate of HSDPA is 10%
Traffic Model UL DL GoS
AMR12.2k (Erl) 0.02 0.02 2%
CS64k (Erl) 0.001 0.001 2%
PS64k (kbit) 50 100 N/A
PS128k (kbit) 0 80 N/A
HSPA (kbit) 0 1200 N/A
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Case Study (2)
Uplink CE Dimensioning Downlink CE Dimensioning
AMR12.2:
Traffic =0.02*2000*(1+30%) = 52Erl
Peak CE =ErlangB(52,0.02)*1= 63 CE
Average CE =52*1=52 CE
CS64:
Traffic =0.001*2000*(1+30%) = 2.6Erl
Peak CE =ErlangB(2.6,0.02)*3 = 21 CE
Average CE =2.6*3=9 CE
Total peak CE for CS: 80CE
Total average CE for CS: 52+9=61CE
AMR12.2:
Traffic =0.02*2000*(1+30%) = 52Erl
Peak CE =ErlangB(52,0.02)*1 = 63CE
Average CE =52*1=52CE
Traffic of VP:
Traffic =0.001*2000*(1+30%) = 2.6Erl
Peak CE =ErlangB(2.6,0.02)*2 =14CE
Average CE =2.6*2=6CE
Total peak CE for CS: 74CE
Total average CE for CS: 52+6=58CE
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Uplink CE Dimensioning Downlink CE Dimensioning
CE for PS64k:
Total CE for R99 PS services:
4CE
4CE5%)(1*20%)(1*30%)(1*3*3600*0.7*64
50*2000
CE for PS64k:
CE for PS128k:
Total CE for R99 PS services:
4+4=8CE
CE for HSDPA A-DCH:
3CE10%)(1*%)52(1*1*3600*400
1200*2000
4CE5%)(1*20%)(1*30%)(1*2*3600*0.7*64
100*2000
4CE5%)(1*20%)(1*30%)(1*4*3600*0.7*128
80*2000
Case Study (3)
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page72
Case Study (4)
Uplink CE Dimensioning Downlink CE Dimensioning
Total CE Total CE
CE MAX
CECE
CEMaxCE
ULAveragePSULAverageCS
ULPeakCSTotalUL
80)461,80(
)
,(
____
___
CE 743)858 Max(74,
)CECECE
,CE(MaxCE
DL_ADL_PSDL_Average_CS
DL_Peak_CSTotal_DL
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page73
Contents
1. Traffic Model
2. Interference Analysis
3. Capacity Dimensioning
4. CE Dimensioning
5. IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
6. Network Dimensioning Flow
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page74
IUB Transport Overview
Node B RNC
E1/T1TDM network
E1/T1
Node B RNC
FEIP network
FE
Node B RNC
E1/T1TDM network
E1/T1
ATM over E1/T1
IP over E1/T1
IP over Ethernet
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page75
IUB Protocol Stack
L1(PHY)
AAL5
SSCOP
SSCF-UNI
NBAP
AAL5
SSCOP
SSCF-UNI
Q.2150.2
ALCAP
AAL2
ATME
DC
H-F
P
HS
DS
CH
-FP
PC
H-F
P
FA
CH
-FP
RA
CH
-FP
DC
H-F
P
Control Plane User Plane
L1(PHY)
SCTP
NBAP
IP
Control Plane User Plane
MAC
UDP
ATM IP over Ethernet
Q.2630.2
ED
CH
-FP
HS
DS
CH
-FP
PC
H-F
P
FA
CH
-FP
RA
CH
-FP
DC
H-F
P
L1(PHY)
SCTP
NBAP
IP (IPHC)
Control Plane User Plane
PPP (MUX+Compression)
UDP
IP over E1/T1
ED
CH
-FP
HS
DS
CH
-FP
PC
H-F
P
FA
CH
-FP
RA
CH
-FP
DC
H-F
P
Radio Network Layer
Transport Layer
FP-MUX
Radio Network Transport Network Radio NetworkRadio Network
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page76
IUB Bandwidth Composing
IUB Bandwidth Composing
Radio Network layer User Plane Data
DCH User Data Bandwidth
– CS Voice Traffic Bandwidth
– CS VP Traffic Bandwidth
– R99 PS Traffic Bandwidth
– SRB Signaling Bandwidth
HSPA Service Traffic Bandwidth
Common Transport Channel Data Bandwidth
– RACH / FACH /PCH
FP Control Frame
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page77
IUB Bandwidth Composing(Cont.)
IUB Bandwidth Composing
Radio Network Layer Control Plane Data
NBAP Common Procedures
NBAP Dedicated Procedures
Transport Network Layer Control Plane Data
O&M Channel Bandwidth
Either of UL and DL physical layer average bandwidth is 64Kbits/s
Protocol Processing Overhead
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page78
Bandwidth Dimensioning Flow
User Num / NodeB
HSPA Traffic
CS IUB Bandwidth
PS IUB Bandwidth
Service Bandwidth
HSPA IUB Bandwidth
CCH Bandwidth
Signaling Bandwidth
O&M Channel Bandwidth
IUB Bandwidth
inputDimensioning
Procedureoutput
CS Traffic
Voice Traffic
VP Traffic
Traffic
The Qos of CS Service
PS Traffic
PS64 Throughput
PS128 Throughput
PS384 Throughput
PS Retransmission
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page79
Bandwidth Dimensioning Formula
CS and PS share IUB
bandwidth
CS Peak Bandwidth-
MDE Algorithm
The Bandwidth for PS
and HSPA-BE Service
M&OCCHSignalling
HSPAAvg_CSAvg_PSPeak_CSTotal
IubIubIub
)]IubIubIub(,Iub[MaxIub
+++
++=
PS/HSPA Occupied Bandwidth
O&M Bandwidth
CCH Bandwidth
CS Occupied Bandwidth
Time
Iub
Ban
dw
idth
CS Average
Bandwidth
CS Peak
Bandwidth
Total Bandwidth
Signaling Bandwidth
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page80
Dimensioning Principle Case CS AMR Bandwidth Dimensioning
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Dimensioning Principle Summary
HSPA IUB Overhead ATM IP over E1/T1 IP over Ethernet
Uplink 27% 7% 7%
Downlink 35% 10% 10%
CCH IUB Overhead ATM IP over E1/T1IP over
Ethernet
UL Bandwidth for 1 RACH / Cell 60 kbps 50 kbps 50 kbps
DL Bandwidth for 1 SCCPCH(FACH/PCH)
/ Cell73 kbps 70 kbps 70 kbps
R99
Service Type
IUB Bandwidth IUB Overhead
ATM IP over E1/T1 IP over Ethernet ATM IP over E1/T1 IP over Ethernet
AMR12.2k 22 kbps 20 kbps 20 kbps 80% 64% 64%
CS64k 88 kbps 70 kbps 71 kbps 38% 9% 11%
PS64k 92 kbps 74 kbps 75 kbps 44% 16% 17%
PS128k 180 kbps 140 kbps 144 kbps 41% 9% 13%
PS384k 540 kbps 415 kbps 418 kbps 41% 8% 9%
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page82
CS Bandwidth Dimensioning
CS IUB Peak Bandwidth Dimensioning
Use MDE Algorithm to Estimate CS IUB Peak Bandwidth
MDE consider Bandwidth Sharing (below table show the
Comparison with before ErlangB)
MDE consider Gos Requirement of different service
Service Traffic GoS
Required Iub Bandwidth
ErlangB AlgorithmMDE Algorithm
Individual Total
AMR 12.2kbps 50 Erl 2% 1.19Mbps2.15Mbps 2.09Mbps
CS 64kbps 10 Erl 2% 0.96Mbps
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CS Bandwidth Dimensioning(Cont.)
CS IUB Average Bandwidth Dimensioning
The below formula is used to estimate CS IUB Average
Bandwidth:
])_1(*_*__*_[∑_
i
iiiAverageCS FactorSHOFactorActivityServiceBWIubServiceTrafficIub
CS Average
Iub
Bandwidth+ Soft HO factorIub Bandwidth
of VP Service
+ Soft HO factorIub Bandwidth
of Voice Service
Voice Traffic
VP Traffic
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page84
PS Bandwidth Dimensioning
PS IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
PS IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning must consider the below
factors:
When PS is BE Service, PS can share IUB Bandwidth with CS
Retransmission for PS
PS actual data rate is bursting, sometimes the service data rate is
high, sometimes the data rate is low
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PS Bandwidth Dimensioning(Cont.)
PS IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
PS IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning formula:
])Factor_SHO1(*)i_Ratio_Burst1(*
)i_Ratio_ontransmissiRe1(*i_service_BW_Iub*i_Service_Traffic[Iub
i
Average_PS ∑++
+=
PS
Average
IUB
Bandwidth
+ SHO
Factor
+ Burst
Ratio
+ Retransmission
Ratio
IUB Bandwidth
of PS Service 1
Traffic of PS
Service 1
.
.
.
PS Service i
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page86
HSUPA Bandwidth Dimensioning
HSUPA IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
Usually, HSPA is used to bear BE Service, so the
Dimensioning Algorithm is similar to PS:
)_1(*)_1(*)Re1(*
)_1(*)/_(*)/(
RatioSHORatioBurstontransmissi
OverheadHSUPANodeBSubsNumSubTrafficIub
HSUPAHSUPA
HSUPAHSUPA
HSUPA IUB
Bandwidth
+ SHO
Factor
+ Burst
Ratio
+ Retransmission
Ratio
+ IUB
OverheadTraffic of
HSUPA
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page87
HSDPA Bandwidth Dimensioning
HSDPA IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
HSDPA can not support Soft Handover, so the HSDPA IUB
Bandwidth Dimensioning will not consider the SHO Factor:
)_1(*)Re1(*
)_1(*)/_(*)/(
HSDPAHSDPA
HSDPAHSDPA
RatioBurstontransmissi
OverheadHSDPANodeBSubsNumSubTrafficIub
HSDPA Iub
Bandwidth
+ Burst
Ratio
+ Retransmission
Ratio
+ Iub OverheadTraffic of
HSDPA
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page88
Relation between PS/HSPA and CS
Bandwidth Dimensiong IUB User Plane Bandwidth Dimensioning
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page89
Relation between PS/HSPA and CS
Bandwidth Dimensiong(Cont.) IUB User Plane Bandwidth Dimensioning
Usually, PS/HSPA is BE Service, so these service can use the
rest IUB Bandwidth of CS
)](,[ ___ HSPAAvgPSAvgCSPeakCStraffic IubIubIubIubMaxIub
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page90
Signaling Bandwidth Dimensioning
Signaling IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
Bandwidth Dimensioning need to consider follow signalings:
NBAP Signaling
ALCAP Signaling(ATM Transport)
FP Control Frame
SRB(RRC Signaling)
Usually, we think Signaling Bandwidth is 10% of Traffic
Bandwidth
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page91
CCH Bandwidth Dimensioning
CCH IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
DL : FACH and PCH map to one SCCPCH, typical IUB
Bandwidth is 70 kbps (IP) / 74 kbps (ATM) per one SCCPCH
UL : RACH, typical IUB Bandwidth is 50 kbps (IP) / 60 kbps
(ATM)
Case : 1 NodeB (Configuration : S1/1/1), DL IUB Bandwidth
Dimensionning
70 kbps * 3 Cells = 210 kbps (IP)
74 kbps * 3 Cells = 222 kbps (ATM)
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page92
O&M Bandwidth Dimensioning
O&M IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
NodeB
UL IUB Bandwidth: 64kbps
DL IUB Bandwidth: 64kbps
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page93
NodeB Bandwidth Dimensioning
NodeB IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
M&OdownlinkuplinkTotal Iub)Iub,Iub(MaxIub +=
UL_SignallingUL_CCHUL_TrafficUL IubIubIubIub ++= DL_SignallingDL_CCHDL_TrafficDL IubIubIubIub ++=
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page94
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning Case
Input
NodeB Configuration : S1/1/1
User Num of the NodeB : 2000
SHO Factor : 30% (except Softer Handover)
R99 PS Burst Ratio : 20%
HSPA Burst Ratio : 25%
R99 PS Retransmission Ratio : 5%
HSPA Retransmission Ratio : 1%
Voice Activity Factor : 0.5
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page95
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning Case
(Cont.) Input
Traffic Model of Single
User for Busy TimeUL DL GoS Requirement
AMR12.2k 20 mErl 20 mErl 2%
CS64k 1 mErl 1 mErl 2%
PS64k 50 kbits 100 kbits N/A
PS128k 0 200 kbits N/A
HSPA 1000 kbits 5000 kbits N/A
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page96
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning Case
(Cont.)
Voice Traffic Volume:
0.02Erl * 2000 * (1+30%) = 52 Erl
VP Traffic Volume:
0.001Erl*2000*(1+30%) = 2.6 Erl
CS IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning -
IP
SubTrafficVoice /_ NodeBSubsNum /_ FactorSHO_
SubTrafficVP /_ NodeBSubsNum /_ FactorSHO_
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page97
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning Case
(Cont.)
Voice IUB Average Bandwidth:
52 * (20 * 0.5) = 520kbps
VP IUB Average Bandwidth:
2.6 * 71 = 185 kbps
CS IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning -
IP
NodeBTrafficVoice /_ BandwidthVoice_ FactorActivity_
NodeBTrafficVP /_ BandwidthVP_
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page98
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning Case
(Cont.)
Voice and VP IUB Peak Bandwidth:
CS Peak IUB Bandwidth = 63 * 20* 0.5+ 4 * 71 = 914kbps
Voice and VP IUB Average Bandwidth:
CS Average Bandwidth = 520 + 185 = 705 kbps
CS IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning -
IP
NodeBiceNumberPeakConnVo /
NodeBNumberPeakConnVP /
BandwidthVP_
BandwidthVoice_
BandwidthAverageVoice __ BandwidthAverageVP __
FactorActivity_
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page99
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning Case
(Cont.)
PS64k IUB Bandwidth
106.6kbps75*5%)(1*20%)(1*30%)(1*3600*64
100*2000
PS IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning -
IP
ThroughputDL_NodeBSubsNum /_
HourOne _MBR FactorSHO_ RatioBurst _
ratiosionretransmis _
BandwidthKPS _64
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page100
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning Case
(Cont.)
PS128k IUB Bandwidth
204.8kbps144*5%)(1*20%)(1*30%)(1*3600*128
200*2000
PS IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning -
IP
ThroughputDL_NodeBSubsNum /_
HourOne _MBR FactorSHO_ RatioBurst _
ratiosionretransmis _
BandwidthKPS _128
R99 PS IUB Bandwidth
R99 PS Bandwidth = 106.6 + 204.8 = 311.4 kbps
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page101
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning Case
(Cont.)
HSDPA IUB Bandwidth
kbps6.8573%)01(1*1%)(1*%)52(1*3600
5000*2000
HSPA IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning -
IP
ThroughputDL_NodeBSubsNum /_
HourOne _ RatioBurst _ ratiosionretransmis _
OverheadIUB_
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page102
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning Case
(Cont.)IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning - IP
DL IUB Bandwidth
Max[914K ,(705k+311.4k+3857.6k)] *110% +70k*3+64k = 5.6354 Mbps
BandwidthPeakCS __
BandwidthAverageCS __
BandwidthPSR __99
BandwidthHSDPA_
BandwidthSignalling_
BandwidthCCH _
BandwidthMO _&
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page103
Contents
1. Traffic Model
2. Interference Analysis
3. Capacity Dimensioning
4. CE Dimensioning
5. IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
6. Network Dimensioning Flow
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page104
Network Dimensioning Flow
UL/DL Link Budget
Cell Radius=Min (RUL, RDL)
UL/DL Capacity
Dimensioning
Satisfy Capacity Requirement?
Capacity Requirement
Adjust Carrier/NodeBNo
Yes
CE Dimensioning
Output NodeB Amount/
NodeB Configuration
Coverage Requirement
start
End
IUB Bandwidth Dimensioning
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