Download - Peshawar in tern of urban context
PESHAWAR IN TERM OF URBAN CONTEXT
BY: SYED HAMID AKBARSEM:8TH/BATCH VI
C.NO:15
INTRODUCTION
liveliest city of Pakistan heart of the KPK province lies at the edge of the historic Khyber Pass Weather station: 415300 (OPPS) Latitude: 34.01 Longitude: 71.58 Altitude: 359
DEMOGRAPHICS
Urban Population: 51.32% (1,536,000 persons) Rural Population: 48.68% (1,600,000 persons) Male/Female ratio: 1.1:1 Average annual growth rate 3.56%
CLIMATE
a semi-arid climate with very hot summers and mild winters maximum temperature in summer surpasses 40 °C (104 °F) minimum temperature during winter is 4 °C (39 °F)
HISTORY
founded over 2,000 years ago by the Kushan Kings of Gandhara
was known as Lotus Land Babur came to Peshawar in 1530
and found a city with name Begram
The Mughal emperor Akbar gave the city its present name “Peshawar”
means “The Place at the Frontier.
derives from a Sanskrit word “Pushapapura” meaning “The city of flowers”.
Earlier also known as “ The City Of Grain”,
From 2nd century AD, to about 7th century AD, Peshawar was the
centre of Buddhist Gandharan civilization
and an important place of pilgrimage.
THE OLD
CITY:
SIXTEEN GATESOF PESHAWAR
SETHI HOUSES: situated in Mohallah Sethian built in 1882 AD. by Haji
Ahmed Gul approached from Chowk
yadgaar highly decorated style of
buildingwith carved wooden doors, partitions, balconies, mirrored and painted rooms
STREETS & BAZAAR’S
STREETS BAZAAR’S The business streets & bazaar of
Peshawar are highly specialized; one is for shoes (known as Mochi Lara) for head gear yet another for cloth a forth for silver & Gold smiths a fifth for carpets & so on for the seemingly infinite variety of goods which the boasts the city.
QISSA KHAWANI BAZAR bazaar of coper smith Khyber Bazaar, Bird Bazaar & Meena Bazaar etc.
BUILDINGS & PLACES
CHOWK YADGAR
sprawling convergence point of different major roads & bazaars
1885. as a memorial to british COLONEL HASTINGS
In 1969, dedicated to the heroes of 1965 Indo-Pakistan war.
MAHABAT KHAN MOSQUE
constructed by the Governor of Peshawar Mahabat Khan Mirza Lerharsib, in 1630 during the era of Mughal Emperor Shah Jehan In early nineteen, damaged by the Sikhs fire broke out in 1898
BALA HISAR FORT
Constructed by Zaheer-ud-din Babur In 1530AD symbol of his victory on this side of Khyber Pass rebuilt in the present form by the Sikh governor of Peshawar Hari Singh Nalva Presently Bala Hisar fort houses headquarters of a prestigious Frontier
Corps
PESHAWAR CANTONMENT
Across the railway line was built the new modern Peshawar, the cantonment (sadder), like the ones which the British built near every major city for their administrative offices typical colonial garrisons with bazaar, military barracks, residences, parks, churches & shops
EDWARD’S COLLEGE
established in 1901 named in the memory of famous administrative Sir Herbert Edward as missionary boarding school
GOR KHATRI:
Gor khatri is an ancient citadel In 2nd century AD, Buddhist pilgrims came to visit a shrine and
monastery known as tower of Buddha's Alms Bowl After the demise of Buddhism, the site became a place of Hindu
Pilgrimage. The Sikhs demolished the mosque build by shah Jahan’s daughter
and replaced it with a Temple to Gorakhnath, a Sikh deity. It also became residence of Italian general Paolo de Avitabile during
Sikh rule.
The Cunningham Clock Tower
The Cunningham clock tower(ghanta ghar) was constructed in 1900 in commemoration of the diamond jubilee of Queen Victoria
and later named after Georage Cunningham who became governor of NWFP(present KPK) in 1937.
ISLAMIA COLLEGE & UNIVERSITY of PESHAWAR
Haji Sahib of Turangzai laid down the foundation of Islamia College in 1911
pride of Peshawar domes, kiosks and pinnacles rising above the green trees contrast sharply with red brick The architectural taste is peculiar of Mughal with a touch of colonial style
Personalities Of The City
• Abdur Rab Nishtar,Leader in Pakistan Movement& First Governor of Punjab, Pakistan
• Dilip Kumar, Bollywood actor• Taj Muhammad Khan,Famous Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khanfather• Ghulam Muhammad Qasir, Urdu poet• Shashi Kapoor, Bollywood Actor• Shammi Kapoor, Bollywood Actor• Patras Bokhari, Urdu humourist• Rahman Baba, Pashto poet• Ismail Gulgee, artist• Khush Khan Khattak
PEOPLE & CULTURE
Historic houses : bay windows, jharoka & naqqashi work
People here are found : of liberty, faithful to their friends, kind to their dependants, hospitable, brave, hardy frugal, arborous & prudent Joint Family System
TRADITIONAL GAMES AND SPORTS
very well known commonly played traditional games for young men are: Young and little girls play
Nezabazi, kabady, guthka, guli danda, and piddi uthana. For very young boys there are : dubgub, perpatoonia,.
dabaly, guda guddi, tapnitapane. Kikli
These are all important and significant in the rich folkore of the Peshawar cultural heritage, but many of them are disappearing
TODAY’S PESHAWAR
Once standing on the top of imposing Bala Hisar Fort in Peshawar, one could see the historic Khyber Valley gateway that has seen traders, conquers, and travelers passing through it
But today, you can only see the jungle of high concrete structures, plazas and clouds of hanging over the cityscape.
Beyond history, heritage and culture, Peshawar faces all problems urbanization. City once famous for gardens and flowers is turning grey.