Download - Plc Ans Scada Project
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
1/36
PPLC BASEDLC BASED
INDUSTRIALINDUSTRIAL
PNEUMATICPNEUMATIC
ACTUATOR ANDACTUATOR AND
SCADASCADA
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
2/36
SCSC
INTRODUCTION
PLC (programmablelogic controller) is adevice which is usefor industrialapplication , tocontrol complexconsumer electronicproducts. Plc is themost demandabletechnology in
consumer market asit efficiently controlindustrialequipments.
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
3/36
CONTENTS
PLC BASICS PLC BLOCK DIAGRAME PLC COMPONENTS
PLC APPLICATION LADDER LOGIC LADDER PROGRAMMING
PLC BASED INDUSTRIALPNEUMATICACTUATOR SCADA
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
4/36
PLC BASICS
A programmable logiccontroller(PLC) orprogrammablecontrolleris adigital computerused for
automation ofelectromechanicalprocesses, such ascontrol of machinery onfactory assembly lines,
amusement rides, orlighting fixtures.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromechanicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromechanicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_computer -
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
5/36
PROGRAMABLE LOGICCONTROL A PLC is an example of a
hardreal time systemsince output resultsmust be produced inresponse to inputconditions within abounded time,otherwise unintendedOperation will result.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computing -
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
6/36
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
7/36
PLCThey are based on the Boolean logic operationswhereas some models use timers and some have
continuous control. These devices are computerbased and are used to control various process andequipments within a facility. PLCs control thecomponents in the DCS and SCADA systems but
they are primary components in smaller controlconfigurations.
*DCSDistributed Control Systems consists ofdecentralized elements and all the processes are
INDUSTRIAL CONTROL
SYSTEMS
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
8/36
FEATURE
The main differencefrom othercomputers is thatPLCs are armored
for severeconditions (suchas dust, moisture,heat, cold) and
have the facility forextensiveinput/output (I/O)arrangements.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/outputhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/output -
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
9/36
Discfription of Function ofPLC These connect the PLC to sensors and
actuators. PLCs read limit switches,analog process variables (such as
temperature and pressure), and thepositions of complex positioningsystems. Some use machine vision.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensor -
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
10/36
On the actuator side, PLCs operateelectric motors, pneumatic orhydrauliccylinders, magnetic relays, solenoids,
or analog outputs. The input/outputarrangements may be built into asimple PLC, or the PLC may haveexternal I/O modules attached to a
computer network that plugs into thePLC.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solenoidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solenoidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor -
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
11/36
ADVANTAGES
Rugged and designed to withstandvibrations, temperature, humidity, andnoise.
* Have interfacing for inputs andoutputs already inside the controller.
* Easily programmed and have aneasily understood programminglanguage
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
12/36
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
13/36
PLC APPLICATION
*In automated system, PLC controller isusually the central part of a processcontrol system.
*To run more complex processes it ispossible to connect more PLCcontrollers to a central computer
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
14/36
BLOCK DIG OF PLC
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
15/36
Input and Output Units (I/O) Inputs are wired to sensing devices such
as button keypads, selector switches,photocells, motion detectors, etc. Ifan input senses that a sensor isclosed, the input converts the voltageto a logic 1 signal understood by theCPU to be ON. A logic 1 signalindicates an On or CLOSED state,
and a logic 0 signal indicates an OFFor OPEN state.
Ouputs are wired to switching devicessuch as lights, garage doors, heatingsystems, and other householdappliances. Outputs switch thesupplied control voltage thatenergizes or de-energizes theswitching devices. If an output is
turned ON by the CPU, the controlvoltage is switched to activate theswitching device.
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
16/36
Central Processing Unit (CPU) Within the CPU are the digital processor,
memory, and power supply. Thesecomponents interact to solve applicationlogic and pass control signals to theoutputs. The CPU reads the convertedinput signals, executes the user logicprogram stored in its memory, then writes
the appropriate output signals to theswitching devices. The applicationprogram is written in a language calledladder logic.
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
17/36
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
18/36
LADDER LOGIC
Ladder programming fed to plcto perform task by codessoftware.
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
19/36
Programming language that is used tocontrol Allen Bradley SLC-500 systemknown as ladder logic. There are threebasic elements associated with theorganization ladder logic: Rungs Instructions Branches
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
20/36
INSTRUCTIONSLadder Logic Instruction is divided into 2 parts:
Input instructions:Displayed on the left side of the ladder. Check,comparison, or the specific conditions.
Output instructions:Published on the right side.
The key point about the instructions: Added instructions displayed on the left side of therungs while the output instructions are always displayed
on the right side of the rungs.
A rung does not require any input instructions, butmust contain at least one output instruction
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
21/36
BRANCHESBranches used in ladder logic to createdifferent paths that directly read the state ofinputs and outputs.
Bit instructions.Bit instructions are instructions that ladderlogic instructions execute or change a singlebit of data table files. Here are three types ofbit instructions:
Conditional input instructions.Non-retentive output instructions.Retentive output bit instructions.
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
22/36
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
23/36
FLOW CHART
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
24/36
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
25/36
When the actuator reaches forward reedswitch, the backward error timer will ON,the forward error timer and solenoid valvewill turn OFF so the actuator willautomatically move backward. If theactuator does not reach backward reedswitch in 10 seconds, alarm will betriggered. Once it reaches backward reed
switch withing 10 seconds, 1 cycle hasbeen completed and the program ends
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
26/36
LADDER LOGICCONTROL OF
PNEUMATICACTUATOR
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
27/36
pneumatic actuatorsystems, which usecompressed air totransmit motion
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
28/36
PLC APPLICATIONS
http://tmp/svn71.tmp/http://tmp/svn71.tmp/http://tmp/svn71.tmp/http://tmp/svn71.tmp/http://tmp/svn71.tmp/http://tmp/svn71.tmp/http://tmp/svn71.tmp/http://tmp/svn71.tmp/http://tmp/svn71.tmp/ -
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
29/36
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
30/36
SCADA
Where Programming Comes In All of this requires that physical conditions be translated into
machine language and then signals that humans can read,record and analyze. Thus a full fledged SCADA system has tocomprise of both hardware and software elements. Todayssophisticated SCADA systems include input/output signaldevices, control equipment, HMI (Human Machine Interface),networking, communication systems, databases andsoftware.
Thus SCADA system development involves programming atvarious levels. Data collected at the RTU has to be convertedinto signals, and for interpreting this data an operator requiresHMI. Often the data also has to be compiled and stored(history databases) for recognizing trends and analysis work.Thus customized database systems have to be developed.Networks, communication systems etc bring in more variedrequirements for programming
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
31/36
PLC AND SCADA FUTURE
RELIABLE USE IN SNSTIVE AREAS
CONTROL COMLEXINDUSTRIAL
SYSTEMS
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
32/36
PLC: Location in the controlarchitecture Enterprise Netwo
directly connected
I/O
Control Bus(e.g. Ethernet)
Engineerstation
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
CPU
Sensor Bus (e.g. ASI)
Field Bus
gateway
Field Stations
Control Stationwith Field Bus
direct I/O
I/O
Field DevicesFB
gateway
gateway
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
CPU
COM
I/O
I/O
I/O
COM
CPU
COM
COM
COM
I/O
Field Bus
CPU
COM
2
I/O
I/O
I/O
CPU
COM1
COM
2
I/O
CPU
Operatorstation
largePLCs
small PLC
PLCPLC
COM1
COM1
SupervisorStation
data concentrators,not programmable,but configurable
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
33/36
Programming environment
laptop
download
symbols
code
variablemonitoringand
forcingfor debugging
firmware
network
configuration, editor,compiler, library
PLC
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
34/36
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
35/36
PLC BASED PNEUMATICACTUATOR
it is only a small partof automation. A lotmore can be donebut that is the basicto move a
pneumatic actuatorwhich is largelyused in industriessuch as automotive
manufacturing.
-
8/6/2019 Plc Ans Scada Project
36/36
THANK YOU